NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Cinema of Albania

The Cinema of Albania had its start in the years 1911-1912. Image File history File links Please see the file description page for further information. ... European cinema is the cinema of Europe. ... Cinema of Armenia was born on April 16, 1923, when the Armenian State Committee on Cinema was established by the government decree. ... Austria has produced a number of films in the cinema industry. ... The Cinema of Belgium // History Early history While the invention of the cinÃ©matographe by the French LumiÃ¨re brothers is widely regarded as the birth of cinema, a number of developments in photography preceded the advent of film. ... // Directors Slatan Dudow Rangel Valtchanov Nikola Kovachev Sophia Peer Vulo Radev Dimitar Petkov- Opashkata Na Diavola aka Devils Tail Nikola Korabov Ivan Andonov Ludmil Staikov Metodi Andonov Zornitsa-Sophia Vladimir Yanchev Nikolai Volev Actors and actresses See also List of Bulgarian actors Stoyan Bachvarov Rusi Chanev Georgi Cherkelov Stefan... The cinema of Croatia has suffered in recent years, with quality films being few and far between in comparison to other countries. ... The Czech Republic (both as an independent country and as a part of former Czechoslovakia) was a seedbed for many acclaimed film directors. ... Danish cinema pioneer Peter Elfelt, a photographer, was the first Dane to make a film. ... Cinema in Estonia started in 1908 with the production of a newsreel about Swedish King Gustav IVâ€™s visit to Tallinn. ... Norwegian Anneke von der Lippe as the Faroese Barbara in the 1997 Danish motion picture The Faroe Islands do not have a long history of cinema. ... In Finnish cinema, Aki KaurismÃ¤ki is a big name. ... The art of motion-picture making within the nation of France or by French filmmakers abroad is collectively known as French cinema. ... The Cinema in Georgia is one of the best known and recognized cinematography of the world. ... Cinema in Germany can be traced back to the very beginnings of the medium at the end of the 19th Century and German cinema has made major technical and artistic contributions to film. ... // Beginning In the spring of 1897, the Greeks of Athens had the opportunity and privilege to watch the first cinematic attempts (short movies in journal). The projection of an animated movie resulted in excited reactions and the new-seen spectacle became a usual matter of discussion. ... Hungary has had a notable cinema industry for some time. ... Iceland has had a notable cinema industry for some time. ... The Irish film industry has grown somewhat in recent years thanks partly to the promotion of the sector by Bord ScannÃ¡n na hÃ‰ireann (The Irish Film Board) and the introduction of heavy tax breaks. ... The history of Italian cinema began just a few months after the LumiÃ¨re brothers had discovered the medium, when Pope Leo XIII was filmed for a few seconds in the act of blessing the camera. ... Cinema of Lithuania came into existence in the late 1980s with the documentary films by director ArÅ«nas Matelis, and was allowed to develop once Lithuania became independent on September 6, 1991. ... The Luxembourg film industry is quite small, but this is unsurprising given that the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg has a population of only about 400,000 people. ... Montenegro has been the site of many domestic films. ... The Dutch film industry has long been renowned for its documentaries. ... Norway has had a notable cinema industry for some time. ... // Directors JÃ³zef Arkusz StanisÅ‚aw Bareja Aleksander Ford Wojciech Has Agnieszka Holland Jerzy Hoffman Jerzy Kawalerowicz Krzysztof KieÅ›lowski -- The Three Colors trilogy, The Decalogue Jan Jakub Kolski Kazimierz Kutz Juliusz Machulski Andrzej Munk Marek Piwowski Roman PolaÅ„ski Ladislas Starevich Wladyslaw Starewicz Andrzej Wajda Krzysztof Zanussi Andrzej Zulawski... Portuguese cinema has a long tradition, reaching back to the birth of the medium in the late 19th century. ... The Cinema of Romania came into being as an affective reality. ... The Russian Empire (1896-1917) The first films seen in Russia were via the Lumiere Brothers, in Moscow and St. ... The first films seen in the Russian Empire were via the LumiÃ¨re brothers, in Moscow and St. ... Serbia (both as an independent country and as part a part of former Yugoslavia) has been home to many internationally acclaimed films and directors. ... // Vlado Bahna Stanislav BarabÃ¡Å¡ PaÄ¾o Bielik Eduard GreÄner DuÅ¡an HanÃ¡k Elo Havetta Juraj Herz Martin HollÃ½ Juraj Jakubisko JÃ¡n KadÃ¡r Otakar KrivÃ¡nek Viktor Kubal Leopold Lahola Andrej Lettrich Miroslav Luther Juraj Nvota Stanislav PÃ¡rnickÃ½ Peter Solan Martin Å ulÃk Å tefan Semjan Å tefan... Soviet Cinema should not be used as a synonym for Russian Cinema. Although Russian language films predominated, several of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union contributed films reflecting elements of their pre-Soviet culture, language and history, although sometimes censored by the Central Government. ... The art of motion-picture making within the nation of Spain or by Spanish filmmakers abroad is collectively known as Spanish Cinema. ... Swedish cinema is one of the most widely-known national cinemas in the world, and certainly the most prominent of Scandinavia. ... Cinema of Switzerland // List of Swiss films Charles-Georges Duvanel Kurt FrÃ¼h Jean-Luc Godard Claude Goretta Leopold Lindtberg Franz Schnyder Casimir Sivan Alain Tanner Anne-Marie Blanc Zarli Carigiet Heinrich Gretler Max Haufler Emil Hegetschweiler World cinema Swiss Films Swiss Film Directory Categories: | | ... The first film showing in Turkey was held in the Yildiz Palace, Istanbul in 1896. ... Michael Caine in Get Carter (1971). ... Cinema in Ukraine One of the largest film production studios in Ukraine is the Olexandr Dovzhenko Film Studios, located in Kiev, Ukraine. ... The historical country of Yugoslavia had a notable cinema industry of its own. ... 1911 (MCMXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ... 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ...

Early years

The first public showings began in the cities of Shkodër and Korçë; these showings were of foreign films. The first Albanian films were mostly documentaries, the first film being about the Manastir Congress that sanctioned the Albanian alphabet in 1908. This is a list of cities in Albania: Apollonia Bajram Curri Ballsh Berat Bilisht Bulqizë Burrel Butrint Cërrik Çorovodë Delvinë Durrës Elbasan Ersekë Fier Fushë-Krujë Gjirokastër Gramsh Has Himarë Kamzë Kavajë Këlcyrë Klos Koplik Korçë Krujë Krumë Kuçovë Kukës Laç Lezhë Librazhd Lushnj... ÃœskÃ¼dar, a district of Istanbul, was also known as Scutari. ... KorÃ§Ã« (Albanian: KorÃ§Ã« or KorÃ§a, Greek: ÎšÎ¿ÏÏ…Ï„ÏƒÎ¬ KoritsÃ¡ , Italian: Corizza, South Slavic: ÐšÐ¾Ñ€Ñ‡Ð°, Korcha or ÐšÐ¾Ñ€Ñ‡Ðµ, KorÄe, Aromanian: Curceaua, Turkish: GÃ¶rice) is a major city in south-eastern Albania, located at near the border with Greece. ... Documentary film is a broad category of cinematic expression united by the intent to remain factual or non-fictional. ... This article is about the alphabet of the Albanian language. ... 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ...

The Communist period

After World War II, the communist government of the state founded the Albanian Film Institute in 1945, which became Kinostudia Shqipëria e Re in 1952. This was followed by the first Albanian epic film, Skënderbeu, a cooperation with Soviet artists chronicling the life and fight of Albanian national hero Gjergj Kastriot Skanderbeg. The film won an award from the Cannes Film Festival. Two other known films from the time are Fëmijët e saj (Her sons) and Tana. Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki TÅjÅ Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... This article is about a form of government in which the state operates under the control of a Communist Party. ... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday. ... 1952 (MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Soviet redirects here. ... Scanderbeg sculpture Gjergj Kastrioti (Italian: Giorgio Castriota) (1405–January 17, 1468), better known as Skanderbeg or Skenderbej, was an Albanian leader who resisted the expanding Ottoman Empire for 25 years and is today considered a national hero of Albania. ... Cannes Film Festival logo. ...

In the 1960s, one movie a year was produced, concentrating mostly on the subject of the World War II occupation of Albanian by Italian and German armies and the fight for liberation. The movies had strong positive connotation towards the communist partizans and bad connotation toward the forces of Balli Kombëtar, and they are viewed as state propaganda. Some of the directors of the time were Dhimitër Anagnosti, Viktor Gjika, Gëzim Erebara, and Piro Milkani. The 1960s decade refers to the years from January 1, 1960 to December 31, 1969, inclusive. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki TÅjÅ Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... Balli Kombetar was a nationalist organization of Albanians fighting for an Ethnic Albania during the World War II. After the Mukje Agreement, Balli KombÃ«tar was forced into a Civil War with the communists and was defeated by them. ...

In the 1970s, there was a drastic reduction in the number of imported movies as a result of the cultural and political isolationist campaign by the state. This resulted in an increase of production in movies to five or six a year early on and up to 8 or 10 a year by the end of the decade, peaking at 14 movies a year in the 1980s. The genre of movies was also diversified to include dramatic as well as family and children movies. Two the movies of the time were Beni ecën vetë, directed by Xhanfize Keko in 1975, and the comedy Kapedani, directed by Fehmi Hoshafi and Muharrem Fejzo in 1972. A new cadre of directors of the time was composed by Rikard Ljarja, Sajmir Kumbaro, Ibrahim Muçaj, Kristaq Mitro, and Esat Mysliu. This period also marked the start of artistic and made-for-TV movies such as Udha e shkronjave, a movie directed by V. Prifti in 1978. The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, inclusive. ... The 1980s refers to the years of and between 1980 and 1989. ... 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday. ... 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... Ibrahim MuÃ§aj (born 8 December 1944 in VlorÃ«) is an Albanian film director. ... Kristaq Mitro (born 1 December 1945 in VlorÃ«) is an Albanian film director. ... 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ...

Some of Albanian movies made during the 1980s were Ballë për ballë; directed by Kujtim Çashku and Pirro Milkani in 1979; Dora e ngrohtë, directed by Kujtim Çashku in 1983; Agimet e stinës së madhe, directed by Albert Minga in 1981; Kohë e largët, directed by Spartak Pecani in 1983; and Tela për violinë, directed by Bujar Kapexhiu in 1987. The 1980s refers to the years of and between 1980 and 1989. ... Kujtim Ã‡ashku (born 1950 in Tirana) is an Albanian film director and screenwriter. ... For the song by the Smashing Pumpkins, see 1979 (song). ... 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

In the 1970s and 1980s, there were also 20-40 documentaries produced that dealt in cultural elements as well as propaganda. This period also saw the birth of animated films, with Zana dhe Miri by V. Droboniku and T. Vaso in 1975; animated films numbered around 16 a year. The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, inclusive. ... The 1980s refers to the years of and between 1980 and 1989. ... 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday. ...

These cinematic works were the result of a great cooperative effort by the Kinostudia, various directors, writers, composers, actors as well as influences by the state that formed an entire industry. By 1990, about 200 movies had been produced. By the end of the 1980s, Albania had over 450 theaters. However, most of the equipment was aging and disintegrating. MCMXC redirects here; for the Enigma album, see MCMXC a. ...

Postcommunist films

During the 1990s, the change of the communist form of government to a more democratic one led to a big change in the Albanian cinema. The big conglomerate Kinostudia of old was broken up into several smaller studios, movies started to be produced in private studios by the old directors and even some foreign ones, but in conjunction with the new National Center of Cinematography (Qendra Kombëtare e Kinematografisë). For the band, see 1990s (band). ... This article is about a form of government in which the state operates under the control of a Communist Party. ...

Although new movies are being produced, many Albanians have returned to watching and enjoying the old movies, now shown on the various private television stations. The old propagandistic elements are now more a source of comedy than hate, and the early style is much appreciated.

Some of the most acclaimed recent movies include Kolonel Bunker, Slloganet, Dasma e Sakos, Tirana Year Zero, and Porta Eva. Tirana Year Zero (2002, 93 min), aka Tirana, année zéro, is an Albanian film that tells the story of a young couple in post-communist Albania, at a time when many Albanians left the country in search for a better life abroad. ...

In the late 1990s, many new cinema theaters were built, especially in the bigger cities (such as MILLENEUM in the capital city of Tirana) that mostly show western and more prominently American movies. Tirana (Albanian: TiranÃ« or Tirana) is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Albania. ... For alternative meanings for The West in the United States, see the U.S. West and American West. ...

Films

References

See also

v • d • e

Cinema of Albania

Actors • Directors • Films A-Z • Film chronology • Cinematographers • Editors • Festivals • Producers • Screenwriters • This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... // The oldest known document in Albanian is from November 8, 1462, a formula of baptism (Albanian: Formula e PagÃ«zimit) by the bishop of DurrÃ«s, Pal EngjÃ«lli. ... Film is a term that encompasses individual motion pictures, the field of film as an art form, and the motion picture industry. ... This article briefly outlines each period in the history of Albania; details are presented in separate articles (see the links in the box and below). ... Sir Norman Wisdom, OBE (born 4 February 1915) is an English comedian, singer and actor. ... A comedian, or comic, is an entertainer who amuses an audience by making them laugh. ... Communism is an ideology that seeks to establish a classless, stateless social organization based on common ownership of the means of production. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... This is a list of Albanian films. ...