Circassia, also known as Cherkessia in Russian, is a region in Caucasia. Historically it comprised the coast and all the interior of the current Krasnodar Territory, Stavropol Territory, but now only refers to a portion of the Karachay-Cherkessia Republic, Adyghe Republic and Kabardey-Balkar Republic of the Russian Federation. The Caucasus is a region in eastern Europe and western Asia between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea which includes the Caucasus mountains and surrounding lowlands. ... 19th century photo depicting Kuban Cossacks obelisk in Krasnodar Krasnodar (Russian: ) is a city in Southern Russia on the Kuban River. ... Stavropol (Russian: ) is a city located in south-western Russia. ... Circassia, also known as Cherkessia, is a region in Caucasia, in the Karachay-Cherkessia republic of the Russian Federation. ... The Adyghe or Adygs are a people of the northwest Caucasus region, principally inhabiting Adygeya (23 %) (now a constituent republic of the Russian Federation) and Karachay-Cherkessia (11 %) (where they are named as Cherkess). Shapsigh Autonomous District, an autonomous district founded for Shapsigh (or Shapsugh) tribe living on the Black... The Kabardian language is closely related to the Adyghe language (see Adyghe people), both members of the Northwest Caucasian language family, mainly spoken in Kabardino-Balkar Republic and Karachay-Cherkess Republic of Russia (the native territories) and in Turkey and the Middle East (the residence of the extensive post-war...

The historical region is named after the traditional inhabitants, the Circassians (they prefer Adyghe or Adiga), who now make up only a small minority of the population of the area. A larger population is in the tiny Republic of Adygea of the Russian Federation which is entirely surrounded by Krasnodar Krai. Circassians is a term derived from the Turkic Cherkess (Çerkes), and is not the self-designation of any people. ... The Adyghe or Adygs are a people of the northwest Caucasus region, principally inhabiting Adygeya (23 %) (now a constituent republic of the Russian Federation) and Karachay-Cherkessia (11 %) (where they are named as Cherkes). Shapsug National District, an autonomous district founded for Shapsigh (or Shapsugh) tribe living on the Black... The Republic of Adygea (Russian: ; Adyghe: ) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic) enclaved within Krasnodar Krai. ... Krasnodar Krai (Russian: , Krasnodarsky kray) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in the Southern Federal District. ...

The Circassian diaspora who were expelled from the historical Circassia in the late 19th Century after a series of uprisings against Russian Imperial rule are found in various areas of the old Ottoman Empire. There are also large communities in Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, community in Kosovo (until they were repatriated in 1998, after receiving threats from the ethnic Albanian Kosovo Liberation Army[1]), Egypt (Circassians were part of the Mamluk armies), Israel (in the villages of Kfar Kama and Rihaniya, since 1880) and as far afield as Upstate New York and New Jersey. Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Combatants Russian Empire Circassia, Ottoman Empire Commanders Alexander I, Nicholas I, Alexander II, Aleksey Petrovich Yermolov, Mikhail Semyonovich Vorontsov, Aleksandr Baryatinskiy Ghazi Mollah, Gamzat-bek, Hadji Murad, Imam Shamil Casualties 300,000–4000000[1] The Russian-Circassian War was a military conflict between the Russian Empire and the... Motto دولت ابد مدت Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (The Eternal State) Anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Borders in 1680, see: list of territories Capital Söğüt (1299–1326) Bursa (1326–65) Edirne (1365–1453) Constantinople (Ä°stanbul, 1453–1922) Language(s) Ottoman Turkish Government Monarchy [[Category:Former monarchies}}|Ottoman Empire, 1299]] Sultans  - 1281–1326... Kosovo (Albanian: Kosova or Kosovë, Serbian: , transliterated ; also , transliterated ) is a region in southern Serbia which has been under United Nations administration since 1999. ... Year 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar). ... Ushtria Çlirimtare e Kosovës. ... A Mamluk cavalryman, drawn in 1810 A mamluk (Arabic: مملوك (singular), مماليك (plural), Turkish: Kölemen, owned; also transliterated mameluk, mameluke, or mamluke) was a slave soldier who was converted to Islam and served the Muslim caliphs and the Ayyubid sultans during the Middle Ages. ... Kfar-Kama is located in the Galilee, Israel. ... Year 1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... The areas highlighted in YELLOW and GREEN are those which are considered to be a bona fide part of Upstate New York from the perspective of New York City. ... Official language(s) English de facto Capital Trenton Largest city Newark Area  Ranked 47th  - Total 8,729 sq mi (22,608 km²)  - Width 70 miles (110 km)  - Length 150 miles (240 km)  - % water 14. ...

See also

• Circassians