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For conservative political views within Christianity, see Christian right.

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Foundations Jesus Christ Church · Christian Theology New Covenant · Supersessionism Apostles · Kingdom · Gospel History of Christianity · Timeline Image File history File links Unbalanced_scales. ... The Christian right is a term collectively referring to a spectrum of right-wing Christian political and social movements and organizations characterized by their strong support of social values they deem in line with traditional Christian values in [[Western world by a wide range of commentators. ... Christianity is a monotheistic[1] religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... This article is about Jesus of Nazareth. ... Christ is the English translation of the Greek word (Christós), which literally means The Anointed One. ... The phrase One, Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church appears in the Nicene Creed () and, in part, in the Apostles Creed (the holy catholic church, sanctam ecclesiam catholicam). ... Given the overwhelming influence exercised by Christianity, especially in pre-modern Europe, Christian theology permeates much of Western culture and often reflects that culture. ... Christians believe that Jesus is the mediator of the New Covenant (see Hebrews 8:6). ... Supersessionism (sometimes referred to as replacement theology by its critics) is a belief that Christianity is the fulfillment and continuation of the Old Testament, and that Jews who deny that Jesus is the Messiah are not being faithful to the revelation that God has given them, and they therefore fall... “Apostle” redirects here. ... The Kingdom of God or Reign of God (Greek basileia tou theou,[1]) is a foundational concept in Christianity, as it is the central theme of Jesus of Nazareths message in the synoptic Gospels. ... For other uses, see Gospel (disambiguation). ... The history of Christianity concerns the history of the Christian religion and the Church, from Jesus and his Twelve Apostles to contemporary times. ... Christianity was around before it was actually refered to as Christianity. Before Christ was born, there were believers descended from Adam and Eve that knew who God was and had a connection (faith) with Him. ... Bible Old Testament · New Testament Books · Canon · Apocrypha Septuagint · Decalogue Birth · Resurrection Sermon on the Mount Great Commission Translations · English Inspiration · Hermeneutics This Gutenberg Bible is displayed by the United States Library of Congress. ... Note: Judaism commonly uses the term Tanakh. ... John 21:1 Jesus Appears to His Disciples--Alessandro Mantovani: the Vatican, Rome. ... The canonical list of the Books of the Bible differs among Jews, and Catholic, Protestant, and Eastern Orthodox Christians, even though there is a great deal of overlap. ... A biblical canon is a list published by a religious authority of those books of the Bible that are considered inspired by God. ... The biblical apocrypha includes texts written in the Jewish and Christian religious traditions that either were accepted into the biblical canon by some, but not all, Christian faiths, or are frequently printed in Bibles despite their non-canonical status. ... The Septuagint: A page from Codex vaticanus, the basis of Sir Lancelot Charles Lee Brentons English translation. ... This 1768 parchment (612x502 mm) by Jekuthiel Sofer emulated the 1675 Decalogue at Amsterdam Esnoga synagogue. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require cleanup. ... The death and resurrection of Jesus are two events in the New Testament in which Jesus is crucified on one day (the Day of Preparation, i. ... The Sermon on the Mount was, according to the Gospel of Matthew 5-7, a particular sermon given by Jesus of Nazareth (estimated around AD 30) on a mountainside to his disciples and a large crowd. ... In Christian tradition, the Great Commission is the instruction of the resurrected Jesus Christ to his disciples, that they spread the faith to all the world. ... The Bible has been translated into many languages. ... The efforts of translating the Bible from its original languages into over 2,000 others have spanned more than two millennia. ... Biblical inspiration is the doctrine in Christian theology concerned with the divine origin of the Bible and what the Bible teaches about itself. ... Biblical Hermeneutics, part of the broader hermeneutical question, relates to the problem of how one is to understand Holy Scripture. ... Christian Theology Trinity (Father, Son, Holy Spirit) History of · Theology · Apologetics Creation · Fall of Man · Covenant · Law Grace · Faith · Justification · Salvation Sanctification · Theosis · Worship Church · Sacraments · Eschatology Given the overwhelming influence exercised by Christianity, especially in pre-modern Europe, Christian theology permeates much of Western culture and often reflects that culture. ... For other uses, see Trinity (disambiguation). ... In many religions, the supreme God is given the title and attributions of Father. ... Christian views of Jesus consist of the teachings and beliefs held by Christian groups about Jesus, including his divinity, humanity, and earthly life. ... In various religions, most notably Trinitarian Christianity, the Holy Spirit (in Hebrew רוח הקודש Ruah haqodesh; also called the Holy Ghost) is the third consubstantial Person of the Holy Trinity. ... This is an overview of the history of theology in Greek thought, Christianity, Judaism and Islam from the time of Christ to the present. ... Theology (Greek θεος, theos, God, + λογια, logia, words, sayings, or discourse) is reasoned discourse concerning religion, spirituality and God or the gods. ... Christian apologetics is the field of study concerned with the systematic defense of Christianity. ... Creation (theology) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... In Abrahamic religion, The Fall of Man or The Story of the Fall, or simply The Fall, refers to humanitys purported transition from a state of innocent bliss to a state of sinful understanding. ... Covenant, meaning a solemn contract, oath, or bond, is the customary word used to translate the Hebrew word berith (ברית, Tiberian Hebrew bÉ™rîṯ, Standard Hebrew bÉ™rit) as it is used in the Hebrew Bible. ... Note: Judaism commonly uses the term Tanakh. ... In Christianity, divine grace refers to the sovereign favor of God for humankind, as manifest in the blessings bestowed upon all —irrespective of actions (deeds), earned worth, or proven goodness. ... Faith in Christianity centers on faith in the Resurrection of Christ (1 Corinthians 15:1-4) ... the gospel I preached to you. ... In Christian theology, justification is Gods act of making or declaring a sinner righteous before God. ... In theology, salvation can mean three related things: freed forever from the punishment of sin Revelation 1:5-6 NRSV - also called deliverance;[1] being saved for something, such as an afterlife or participating in the Reign of God Revelation 1:6 NRSV - also called redemption;[2]) and a process... Sanctification or in its verb form, sanctify, literally means to set apart for special use or purpose, that is to make holy or sacred (compare Latin sanctus holy). Therefore sanctification refers to the state or process of being set apart, i. ... In Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic theology, theosis (Greek: , meaning divinization (or deification, or to make divine), is the call to man to become holy and seek union with God, beginning in this life and later consummated in the resurrection. ... Monument honoring the right to worship, Washington, D.C. In Christianity, worship has been considered by most Christians to be the central act of Christian identity throughout history. ... In Christian theology, ecclesiology is the study of doctrine pertaining to the Church itself as a community or organic entity, and with the understanding of what the church is —ie. ... In Christian belief and practice, a sacrament is a rite that mediates divine grace, constituting a sacred mystery. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... History and Traditions Early · Councils · Creeds · Missions Great Schism · Crusades · Reformation Great Awakenings · Great Apostasy Restorationism · Nontrinitarianism Thomism · Arminianism Congregationalism The term Early Christianity here refers to Christianity of the period after the Death of Jesus and the foundation of the churches of Jerusalem and Antioch in the 30s and before the First Council of Nicaea in 325. ... In Christianity, an Ecumenical Council or general council is a meeting of the bishops of the whole church convened to discuss and settle matters of Church doctrine and practice. ... A creed is a statement or confession of belief — usually religious belief — or faith. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... For the later Papal Schism in Avignon, see Western Schism. ... The Siege of Antioch, from a medieval miniature painting, during the First Crusade. ... Another major contention was the tremendous corruption within the Churchs hierarchy, all the way up to the Bishop of Rome, who appointed individuals to various positions within the Church (bishop, cardinal, etc. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Revivalism. ... The Great Apostasy is a term of opprobrium used by some religious groups to allege a general fallen state of traditional Christianity, or especially of Catholicism, reformist Protestantism and Eastern Orthodoxy: that it is not representative of the faith founded by Jesus and promulgated through his twelve Apostles: in short... For other usages, see Dispensationalism, Restoration Movement, and Restoration Restorationism refers to unaffiliated religious movements that attempted to circumvent Protestant denominationalism and orthodox Christian creeds to restore Christianity to their constructions of its original form. ... Nontrinitarianism is any of various Christian beliefs that reject the doctrine that God is three distinct persons in one being, (the Trinity). ... Thomism is the philosophical school that followed in the legacy of Thomas Aquinas. ... For the Armenian nationality, see Armenia or the Armenian language. ... Congregational churches are Protestant Christian churches practicing congregationalist church governance, in which each congregation indepedently and autonomously runs its own affairs. ... Eastern Christianity Eastern Orthodox · Oriental Orthodox Syriac Christianity · Eastern Catholic Eastern Christianity refers collectively to the Christian traditions and churches which developed in Greece, Russia, the Balkans, Eastern Europe, Asia Minor, the Middle East, northeastern Africa and southern India over several centuries of religious antiquity. ... The Eastern Orthodox Church is a Christian body that views itself: as the historical continuation of the original Christian community established by Jesus Christ and the Twelve Apostles. ... The term Oriental Orthodoxy refers to the communion of Eastern Christian Churches that recognize only the first three ecumenical councils — the First Council of Nicaea, the First Council of Constantinople and the Council of Ephesus — and reject the dogmatic definitions of the Council of Chalcedon. ... Syriac Christianity is a culturally and linguistically distinctive community within Eastern Christianity. ... The Eastern Catholic Churches are autonomous particular Churches in full communion with the Pope of Rome. ... Western Christianity Western Catholicism · Protestantism Anabaptism · Lutheranism · Calvinism Anglicanism · Baptist · Methodism Evangelicalism · Fundamentalism Liberalism · Adventism · Pentecostalism Latter Day Saints · Christian Science Jehovah's Witnesses · Unity Church Western Christianity comprises Catholicism, Anglicanism, Protestantism. ... The Roman Catholic Church or Catholic Church (see terminology below) is the Christian Church in full communion with the Bishop of Rome, currently Pope Benedict XVI. It traces its origins to the original Christian community founded by Jesus Christ and led by the Twelve Apostles, in particular Saint Peter. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Anabaptists (Greek ανα (again) +βαπτιζω (baptize), thus, re-baptizers [1], German: Wiedertäufer) are Christians of the Radical Reformation. ... Lutheranism is a movement within Christianity that began with the theological insights of Martin Luther in the 16th century. ... Calvinism is a theological system and an approach to the Christian life that emphasizes Gods sovereignty in all things. ... The term Anglican (from Medieval Latin ecclesia anglicana, meaning the English Church) is used to describe how the people, institutions and churches as well as the liturgical traditions and theological concepts developed by the state established Church of England, the Anglican Communion. ... Baptist is a term describing a tradition within Christianity and may also refer to individuals belonging to a Baptist church or a Baptist denomination. ... For the Methodist school of ancient Greek medicine, see Methodism (history of medicine) Methodism or the Methodist movement is a group of historically related denominations of Protestant Christianity. ... The word evangelicalism usually refers to a broad collection of religious beliefs, practices, and traditions which are found among conservative Protestant Christians. ... Fundamentalist Christianity, or Christian fundamentalism, is a movement that arose mainly within British and American Protestantism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries by conservative evangelical Christians, who, in a reaction to modernism, actively affirmed a fundamental set of Christian beliefs: the inerrancy of the Bible, the virgin birth... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The term Adventist can refer to One who believes in the Second Advent (usually known as the Second coming) of Jesus. ... The Pentecostal movement within Evangelical Christianity places special emphasis on the direct personal experience of God through the baptism of the Holy Spirit, as shown in the Biblical account of the Day of Pentecost. ... The Latter Day Saint movement is a religious movement which began in the early 19th century and is generally considered to be founded by Joseph Smith, Jr. ... Christian Science is a religious teaching regarding the efficacy of spiritual healing according to the interpretation of the Bible by Mary Baker Eddy, in her book Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures (First published in 1875). ... Please wikify (format) this article as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Christian movements are theological, political, or philosophical intepretations of Christianity that are not generally represented by a specific church, sect, or denomination. ... A denomination, in the Christian sense of the word, is an identifiable religious body under a common name, structure, and/or doctrine. ... The word ecumenism (also oecumenism, Å“cumenism) is derived from Greek (oikoumene), which means the inhabited world, and was historically used with specific reference to the Roman Empire. ... A sermon is an oration by a prophet or member of the clergy. ... This article is about the many forms of prayer within Christianity. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... // Partial list of Christian liturgies (past and present) Roman Catholic church (churches in communion with the Holy See of the Bishop of Rome) Latin Rite Novus Ordo Missae Tridentine Mass Anglican Use Mozarabic Rite Ambrosian Rite Gallican Rite Eastern Rite, e. ... The liturgical year, also known as the Christian year, consists of the cycle of liturgical seasons in some Christian churches which determines when Feasts, Memorials, Commemorations, and Solemnities are to be observed and which portions of Scripture are to be read. ... Christian art is art that spans many segments of Christianity. ... Throughout the history of Christianity, a wide range of Christians and non-Christians alike have offered criticisms of Christianity, the Church, and Christians themselves. ... Important Figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Wycliffe Luther · Calvin · Wesley · Pope Paul of Tarsus (b. ... The Church Fathers or Fathers of the Church are the early and influential theologians and writers in the Christian Church, particularly those of the first five centuries of Christian history. ... The relationship between Constantine I and Christianity entails both the nature of the conversion of the emperor to Christianity, and his relations with the Christian Church. ... Athanasius of Alexandria (Greek: Αθανάσιος) (also spelled Athanasios) (c. ... “Augustinus” redirects here. ... Saint Anselm of Canterbury (1033 or 1034 – April 21, 1109) was an Italian medieval philosopher and theologian, who held the office of Archbishop of Canterbury from 1093 to 1109. ... Saint Thomas Aquinas [Thomas of Aquin, or Aquino] (c. ... Gregory Palamas Gregory Palamas (Γρηγόριος Παλαμάς) (1296 - 1359) was a monk of Mount Athos in Greece and later Archbishop of Thessalonica known as a preeminent theologian of Hesychasm. ... This does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Martin Luther (November 10, 1483 – February 18, 1546) was a German monk,[1] priest, professor, theologian, and church reformer. ... John Calvin (July 10, 1509 – May 27, 1564) was a French Protestant theologian during the Protestant Reformation and was a central developer of the system of Christian theology called Calvinism or Reformed theology. ... John Wesley (June 17, 1703 – March 2, 1791) was an 18th-century Anglican clergyman and Christian theologian who was an early leader in the Methodist movement. ... The current Pope is Benedict XVI (born Joseph Alois Ratzinger), who was elected at the age of 78 on 19 April 2005. ...

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Conservative Christianity, (also called Traditional Christianity) is a descriptive term applied to a number of Protestant and Roman Catholic groups or movements. Generally those seen as belonging to conservative Christianity give priority to traditional values and traditional beliefs and practices. It is sometimes called conservative theology—is an umbrella term covering various movements within Christianity and describing both corporate denominational and personal views of scripture. They may be Protestants, Roman Catholics, or independents. It is often contrasted with Liberal Christianity. This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... This article is about the moral concept. ... Belief is assent to a proposition. ... Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

As is true of most groups sharing a distinctive ideology or theology, identity, values, norms, and a common culture, each group or Christian denomination falls somewhere on a continuum usually labeled "conservative" at one extreme (sometimes described as the "right") and "liberal" at the other (sometimes described as the "left"), with "moderate" or "centrist" at roughly the midpoint. These are relative terms: what is considered "conservative" by one person or group may be rated "liberal" by others. Therefore, stereotypical descriptions at best are generalizations and are not accurate descriptions of "all" who consider themselves to be either Conservative Christians or Liberal Christians. An ideology is an organized collection of ideas. ... Theology (Greek θεος, theos, God, + λογια, logia, words, sayings, or discourse) is reasoned discourse concerning religion, spirituality and God or the gods. ... // Computer programming In object-oriented programming, object identity is a mechanism for distinguishing different objects from each other. ... The word norm coming from the latin word norma which means angle measure or (lawlike) rule, has a number of meanings: A social or sociological norm; see norm (sociology). ... Culture (from the Latin cultura stemming from colere, meaning to cultivate), generally refers to patterns of human activity and the symbolic structures that give such activity significance. ... A denomination, in the Christian sense of the word, is an identifiable religious body under a common name, structure, and/or doctrine. ...

It is often said that Conservative Christianity and Liberal Christianity are polar opposites, though many liberal Christians would not agree.^{[citation needed]} There is general agreement that their biblical hermeneutical methods are quite different.^{[citation needed]} This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Biblical Hermeneutics, part of the broader hermeneutical question, relates to the problem of how one is to understand Holy Scripture. ...

Significant points of divergence include the authority and importance of the Bible, literal or metaphorical interpretation of scripture, divinity of Jesus Christ and reality of his resurrection from the dead, need for organized missionary work and personal sharing one's beliefs in salvation through Jesus Christ, and the view of women in both marriage and ministry. Look up Resurrection in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

General beliefs of Conservative Christianity

• Conservatives have a "higher" view of scripture being the authoritative "Word" of God. A belief in the authority of the Bible as God's revelation to humanity. Bible prophecy and Bible inerrancy are often affirmed. This often includes the understanding that the Bible is the final authority in all matters on which it speaks.' ^[1][2][3][4]
• Conservative Christians stress the provisional nature of science and may be skeptical of current scientific community consensus. Biblical creationist interpretations of scientific data regarding origins are always adhered to, although this may refer to Young earth creationism, Old earth creationism, or Intelligent Design (which allows for the possibility of Evolutionary creationism. ^[5]
• The doctrine of original sin is foundational to Conservative Christianity.'
• Conservative Christians see the resurrection of Christ as the most important actual event in the history of the world. They place a central focus on Christ's redeeming work on the cross as the only means for salvation and the forgiveness of sins.'
• Conservative Christians generally believe that the Bible, in its original manuscripts, is inerrant when its passages are literally interpreted.'
• Conservative Christians take at face value biblical teachings such as Jesus’ statement: "I am the way and the truth and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me" (John 14:6).'
• Encouragement of evangelism—the act of sharing one's beliefs in salvation through Jesus Christ with others—through both organized missionary work and personal evangelism.'
• Conservative Christians believe in a literal heaven and hell as biblically described.'

This Gutenberg Bible is displayed by the United States Library of Congress. ... In many religions, the supreme God is given the title and attributions of Father. ... Bible prophecy is the concept held by various people that many Bible verses contain prophecies. ... Biblical inerrancy is the doctrinal position [1] that in its original form, the Bible is without error; referring to the complete accuracy of Scripture, including the historical and scientific parts. ... Adam and Eve, the first human beings according to Genesis. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Intelligent design (ID) is the concept that certain features of the universe and of living things are best explained by an intelligent cause, not an undirected process such as natural selection. ... Theistic evolution, or the less common term, Evolutionary Creationism, is the general belief that some or all classical religious teachings about God and creation are compatible with some or all of the scientific theory of evolution. ... According to Christian tradition, original sin is the general condition of sinfulness (lack of holiness) into which human beings are born (Psalm 51:5). ... According to the New Testament, especially the Gospels, God raised Jesus from the dead on the third day after his crucifixion. ... The traditional form of the Western Christian cross, known as the Latin cross. ... Sin is a term used mainly in a religious context to describe an act that violates a moral rule or the state of having committed such a violation. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... For other uses, see Hell (disambiguation). ...

Engagement in Society

Though often stereotyped as uncaring for the needs of society, conservative Christians have frequently led in building hospitals and medical clinics, disaster relief work, having food banks and kitchens, institutions of higher education, primary and secondary schools, adoption agencies, and technological missions that teach agriculture, help drill water well drilling and install water supplies, and many other services, through churches and parachurch agencies. A physician visiting the sick in a hospital. ... Emergency operations or Emergency preparedness is a set of doctrines to prepare civil society to cope with natural or man-made disasters. ... Cable tool water well drilling rig in Kimball, West Virginia. ... Evangelicalism, in a strictly lexical, but rarely used sense, refers to all things that are implied in belief that Jesus is the savior. ...

In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, British conservative Christian William Wilberforce (1759-1833) was a prominent politician, philanthropist, and abolitionist who was the leader of the parliamentary campaign against the slave trade. William Wilberforce (24 August 1759 – 29 July 1833) was a British politician, philanthropist, and abolitionist who led the parliamentary campaign against the slave trade. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      A politician is an individual who is a formally recognized and active member of a government, or a person who influences the way a society is governed through an understanding of political power and group dynamics. ... A philanthropist is someone who engages in philanthropy; that is, someone who donates his or her time, money, or reputation to a charitable cause. ... This article is about the abolition of slavery. ... This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

In the United States, the 19th and early 20th century saw little formal engagement of the culture or government by conservative Christians. This changed in the 1970s as conservative Christians (both Protestant and Catholic) became politically engaged in opposition to legalized abortion. The scope of these cultural protests later expanded to other cultural/sexual issues including sexual promiscuity, homosexuality, etc.

During the 1990s American conservative Christians turned their attention to international social issues. In 1996 the National Association of Evangelicals issued a "Statement of Conscience" decrying international religious persecution. Charles Colson, Richard Land of the Southern Baptist Convention, and other conservative Christians formed coalitions to press for federal legislation dealing with international religious freedom, resulting in the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998. Religion and politics scholar Allen Hertzke called the law “one of the most sweeping human rights statutes on the books and the only one of its kind in the world.” It created a new ambassador-at-large for international religious freedom at the State Department, required the State Department to release annual, country-specific reports on religious freedom, and set up the independent U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom to monitor the situation internationally and make policy recommendations. [1] The National Association of Evangelicals (NAE) is an agency dedicated to coordinating cooperative ministry for evangelical denominations of Christians in the United States. ... Charles Wendell Chuck Colson (born October 16, 1931) was the chief counsel for President Richard Nixon from 1969 to 1973 and was one of the Watergate Seven, jailed for Watergate-related charges. ... Dr. Richard Land is the president of Ethics and Religious Liberty Commission (ERLC), the public policy entity of the Southern Baptist Convention, a post he has held since 1988. ... The Southern Baptist Convention (SBC) is a United States-based cooperative ministry agency serving Baptist churches around the world. ... The International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 (Public Law 105–292, as amended by Public Law 106–55, Public Law 106–113, Public Law 107–228, Public Law 108–332, and Public Law 108–458)[1] was passed to promote religious freedom as a U.S. Foreign policy, and to...

Conservative Christian pressure groups were also instrumental in lobbying for the Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000, which imposed sanctions on countries that failed to crack down on human trafficking for forced prostitution and labor. Similarly, conservative Christian groups were visibly involved in pressing for the Sudan Peace Act (2002), which established a framework for negotiating the end of the twenty-year civil war between the Sudanese government and southern rebels. [2] The Sudan Peace Act is a US law condemning Sudan for genocide. ...

Conservative Protestantism

Scholars, theologians, and writers

There are a variety of threads including the Evangelical Movement, the Holiness movement, the Pentecostal Movement, the Fundamentalist Movement, the Charismatic Movement and the Confessing Movement. There is also some influence from Mennonites. Each has its distinctives, but there is considerable similarity. Contemporary Conservative Protestant scholars and theologians include: D.A. Carson, Norman Geisler, FF Bruce, Gary Habermas, Kenneth Kitchen, Alan Millard, Bruce Metzger, R. C. Sproul, Edwin M. Yamauchi, Merrill Unger, John Warwick Montgomery, Cornelius Van Til, Greg Bahnsen, and Bryant G. Wood. The word evangelicalism usually refers to a broad collection of religious beliefs, practices, and traditions which are found among conservative Protestant Christians. ... The Holiness movement is composed of people who believe and propagate the belief that the carnal nature of man can be cleansed through faith and by the power of the Holy Spirit if one has had his sins forgiven through faith in Jesus. ... The Pentecostal movement within Evangelical Christianity places special emphasis on the direct personal experience of God through the baptism of the Holy Spirit, as shown in the Biblical account of the Day of Pentecost. ... Fundamentalist Christianity, or Christian fundamentalism, is a movement that arose mainly within British and American Protestantism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries by conservative evangelical Christians, who, in a reaction to modernism, actively affirmed a fundamental set of Christian beliefs: the inerrancy of the Bible, the virgin birth... The charismatic movement began with the adoption of certain beliefs typical of those held by Pentecostal Christians —specifically what are known as the biblical charisms of Christianity: speaking in tongues, prophesying, etc. ... The Confessing Movement is a neo-Evangelical movement within several American mainline Protestant denominations to return those churches to what the members of the movement see as theological orthodoxy. ... The Mennonites are a group of Christian Anabaptist denominations named after and influenced by the teachings and tradition of Menno Simons (1496-1561). ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Donald A. (D.A.) Carson is an evangelical Christian scholar. ... Dr. Norman L. Geisler is a scholar, contributor to the field of Christian apologetics, and the author or coauthor of some sixty books defending the Christian faith. ... Frederick Fyvie Bruce (1910-1990) was a Bible scholar and one of the founders of the modern evangelical understanding of the Bible. ... Gary Habermas is an American Christian apologist, theologian, and philosopher of religion. ... Emeritus Professor Kenneth A. Kitchen (University of Liverpool publicity photograph, 2006). ... Alan Ralph Millard is Rankin Professor Emeritus of Hebrew and Ancient Semitic Languages, and Honorary Senior Fellow, at the School of Archaeology, Classics and Egyptology (SACE) in the University of Liverpool. ... Bruce Metzger pictured on the cover of his autobiography Reminiscences of an Octogenarian Bruce Manning Metzger (born 1914) is a professor emeritus at Princeton Theological Seminary and Bible editor who serves on the board of the American Bible Society. ... R.C. Sproul Dr. Robert Charles Sproul (born 1939 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) is an American, Calvinist theologian, and pastor. ... Dr. Edwin M. Yamauchi, born in 1937 in Hilo, Hawaii, is Professor of History at Miami University, Ohio, and has served in that capacity since 1969. ... Dr. Merrill F. Unger (1909-1980) earned his A.B. and Ph. ... John Warwick Montgomery was born October 18, 1931 in Warsaw, New York. ... Cornelius Van Til Cornelius Van Til (May 4, 1895 - April 17, 1987), born in Grootegast, the Netherlands, was a Christian philosopher, Reformed theologian, and presuppositional apologist. ... Greg L. Bahnsen (September 17, 1948 – December 11, 1995) was an influential Christian philosopher, apologist, and debater. ... Bryant G. Wood is currently the Creationist Director of the Associates for Biblical Research. ...

Popular conservative Protestant writers and conservative Christian apologetists include: Christian apologetics is the field of study concerned with the systematic defense of Christianity. ...

• Josh McDowell
• Lee Strobel
• David Weinberg
• Ravi Zacharias
• Edward John Carnell

Earlier Conservative Protestant scholars/theologians include: Joslin Josh McDowell is a Christian apologist, evangelist, and writer. ... Former atheist and Christian Apologist Lee Strobel Lee Strobel, a former legal editor for the Chicago Tribune, is a Christian apologist and former teaching pastor of Willow Creek Community Church. ... Ravi Zacharias (full name Frederick Antony Ravi Kumar Zacharias, born 1946) is a Canadian-American Evangelical Protestant Christian philosopher, apologist and preacher. ... Edward John Carnell (1919-1967) was a prominent Christian theologian and apologist, was an ordained Baptist pastor, and served as President of Fuller Theological Seminary, Pasadena, California. ...

• Robert Pearsall Smith and Hannah Whitall Smith, leaders in the Holiness movement
• Henry Venn (1725 - 1797)—founder of the small, but highly influential Clapham Sect in Britain. His grandson, also named Henry Venn (1796 - 1873), pioneered the basic principles of indigenous church mission theory.
• Oswald T. Allis (1856-1930)
• William Henry Green (1825 - 1900)
• James Orr (1844 - 1913)
• C.F.W. Walther (1811-1887)—Lutheran, "founder" of the Lutheran Church - Missouri Synod.
• Robert Dick Wilson (1856–1930)
• William Mitchell Ramsay (1851-1939) Archaeologist
• Benjamin Breckinridge Warfield (1851-1921) Reformed thinker.

Robert Pearsall Smith (1827 - 1899) was a lay leader in the Holiness movement in the United States and the Higher Life movement in Great Britain. ... Hannah Tatum Whitall Smith (February 7, 1832 - May 1, 1911) was a lay speaker and author in the Holiness movement in the United States and the Higher Life movement in Great Britain. ... The Holiness movement is composed of people who believe and propagate the belief that the carnal nature of man can be cleansed through faith and by the power of the Holy Spirit if one has had his sins forgiven through faith in Jesus. ... Henry Venn (1725 in Barnes, Surrey, England - 1797), was an English evangelical divine, Venn was educated at Cambridge University. ... Events February 8 - Catherine I became empress of Russia February 20 - The first reported case of white men scalping Native Americans takes place in New Hampshire colony. ... 1797 (MDCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 11-day-slower Julian calendar). ... The Clapham Sect was an influential group of like-minded social reformers in England at the beginning of the nineteenth century (active c. ... Year 1796 (MDCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... 1873 (MDCCCLXXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Henry Venn (1796 - 1873) and Rufus Anderson (1796 - 1880) were contemporaries and the modern pioneers of indigenous church mission theory. ... Oswald T. Allis, Ph. ... William Henry Green (January 27, 1825 - February 10, 1900), American Hebrew scholar, was born in Groveville, near Bordentown, New Jersey. ... Professor James Orr (1844-1913) was a Scottish theologian and historian, born in Glasgow. ... Carl Ferdinand Wilhelm (C.F.W.) Walther (October 25, 1811 - May 17, 1887), was the first President of the Lutheran Church - Missouri Synod and its most influential theologian. ... LCMS redirects here. ... Robert Dick Wilson at the Grove City Bible Conference in 1909. ... Sir William Mitchell Ramsay (March 15, 1851 - April 20, 1939) was a British archaeologist. ... B. B. Warfield Benjamin Breckinridge (B.B.) Warfield (November 5, 1851 - February 16, 1921) was the principal of Princeton Seminary from 1887 to 1921. ...

Conservative Roman Catholicism

See also: Traditionalist Catholic

Conservatism in Roman Catholicism primarily refers to the upholding of traditional Catholic teachings concerning the sanctity of marriage, restrictions on birth control, the importance of male-only clergy, prohibitions on divorce and homosexuality, and other similar theological and moral matters. In other words, conservative Catholics tend to accept historic church teachings, in contrast to "liberal Catholics" who may pointedly question the church's teachings and practices. [3] A 1950s Low Mass in Bohermeen, Ireland in the presence of a bishop and several priests and with the altar arranged for Eucharistic devotions to follow A traditionalist Catholic is a Roman Catholic who believes that there should be a restoration of the liturgical forms, public and private devotions, and... “Matrimony” redirects here. ... Birth control is a regimen of one or more actions, devices, or medications followed in order to deliberately prevent or reduce the likelihood of a woman becoming pregnant or giving birth. ... Clergy is the generic term used to describe the formal religious leadership within a given religion. ... For the record label, see Divorce Records. ... Homosexuality refers to sexual interaction and / or romantic attraction between individuals of the same sex. ...

In contrast to most conservative Protestants, Roman Catholics do not believe that the Bible is literally true in every word when privately interpreted, but say the sacred Scripture should be interpreted in its scriptural context (Scripture as a whole approach). The encyclical Humani Generis (1950) of Pope Pius XII began the process of affirming that the doctrine of the Catholic Church is compatible with evolution. See also Evolution and the Roman Catholic Church. This page is a candidate to be moved to Wikisource. ... Pope Pius XII (Latin: ), born Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli (March 2, 1876 – October 9, 1958), reigned as the 260th pope, the head of the Roman Catholic Church and sovereign of Vatican City State, from March 2, 1939 until his death. ... The position of the Roman Catholic Church on the theory of evolution has changed over the last two centuries from a large period of no official mention, to a statement of neutrality in the 1950s, to a more explicit acceptance in recent years. ...

On economic policies Catholics often tend to take more liberal or left-wing positions than conservative Protestants, especially in the U.S. While about 52% of Roman Catholics in the United States showed support for conservative Christian politicians in the 2006 election, largely out of concern relating to the abortion issue (see Newsweek magazine), historically American Catholics have tended to support the left politically. The Vatican and the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops have condemned the death penalty as well as the US War in Iraq, in addition to abortion and embryonic stem cell research. They also continue to call for arms control, debt relief for poor nations, affordable housing for all, the right of workers to organize, a national US health system affordable to all and increased protection and stewardship of the earth -— all issues typically identified with political liberalism in the U.S. ^[6] Look up liberal on Wiktionary, the free dictionary Liberal may refer to: Politics: Liberalism American liberalism, a political trend in the USA Political progressivism, a political ideology that is for change, often associated with liberal movements Liberty, the condition of being free from control or restrictions Liberal Party, members of... Human embryonic stem cell colony. ... Arms control is a broad term alluding to a range of political concepts and aims. ... Debt relief is the partial or total forgiveness of debt, or the slowing or stopping of debt growth, owed by individuals, corporations, or nations. ...

Opus Dei

Main article: Opus Dei

One example of conservative Roman Catholicism is the organization Opus Dei (Latin for "Work of God"). Comprised of a prelate, secular priests, and lay people, Opus Dei's aim is "to contribute to the evangelizing mission of the Church" by spreading the message that everyone is called to become a saint and an apostle. It "encourages Christians of all social classes to live consistently with their faith in the middle of the ordinary circumstances of their lives." [4] Josemaría Escrivá, the founder of Opus Dei Opus Dei, formally known as The Prelature of the Holy Cross and Opus Dei, is an organization of the Catholic Church that emphasizes the Catholic belief that everyone is called to become a saint and that ordinary life is a path to... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... Josemaría Escrivá, the founder of Opus Dei Opus Dei, formally known as The Prelature of the Holy Cross and Opus Dei, is an organization of the Catholic Church that emphasizes the Catholic belief that everyone is called to become a saint and that ordinary life is a path to... The term Ecclesiastical Latin (sometimes called Church Latin) refers to the Latin language as used in documents of the Roman Catholic Church and in its Latin liturgies. ... Look up prelate in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Roman Catholic priest A priest or priestess is a holy man or woman who takes an officiating role in worship of any religion, with the distinguishing characteristic of offering sacrifices. ... In religious organizations, the laity comprises all lay persons collectively. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... In traditional Christian iconography, Saints are often depicted as having halos. ... The Twelve Apostles (in Koine Greek απόστολος apostolos [1], someone sent forth/sent out, an emissary) were probably Galilean Jewish men (10 names are Aramaic, 4 names are Greek) chosen from among the disciples, who were sent forth by Jesus of Nazareth to preach the Gospel to both Jews and Gentiles... This article is about the religous people known as Christians. ... Social class refers to the hierarchical distinctions between individuals or groups in societies or cultures. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Traditionalist Catholics

Main article: Traditionalist Catholic

Many conservative Catholics are comfortable with contemporary Church liturgy and organizational structure, but are conservative when it comes to ethical, moral, and theological issues. Other Catholics are disturbed by the liturgical and organizational changes that resulted from the Second Vatican Council. These "traditionalist Catholics" seek to uphold and restore the older, historic church practices. Many traditionalists operate within Church organizations submitted to the Vatican, while others operate outside the official Church structure. A 1950s Low Mass in Bohermeen, Ireland in the presence of a bishop and several priests and with the altar arranged for Eucharistic devotions to follow A traditionalist Catholic is a Roman Catholic who believes that there should be a restoration of the liturgical forms, public and private devotions, and... The Second Ecumenical Council of the Vatican, or Vatican II, was an Ecumenical Council of the Roman Catholic Church opened under Pope John XXIII in 1962 and closed under Pope Paul VI in 1965. ...

Criticisms of Conservative Christianity

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Critics of US conservative Christianity believe that these Christians de-emphasize the central message of the Gospels, such as social justice and concern for the poor. Liberal or progressive Christians note that Jesus spent most of his ministry in the company of "sinners," such as prostitutes and tax collectors. While the Pharisees and religious leaders of the day are said to have condemned Jesus for his emphasis on forgiveness and his association with these so-called sinners, Jesus in turn condemned the Pharisees and their supporters for their emphasis on judgment, their apparent self-righteousness, and what he perceived as a lack of compassion.^{[citation needed]} Image File history File links Unbalanced_scales. ... For other uses, see Gospel (disambiguation). ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... In computer science, a concern is a general term that refers to any particular piece of interest or focus in a program. ... Kevin Jones Definition- A Poor Motherfucker ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... This article is about Jesus of Nazareth. ... The Pharisees (from the Hebrew perushim, from parash, meaning to separate) were, depending on the time, a political party, a social movement, and a school of thought among Jews that flourished during the Second Temple Era (536 BCE–70 CE). ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Forgiveness is the mental, emotional and/or spiritual process of ceasing to feel resentment or anger against another person for a perceived offence, difference or mistake, or ceasing to demand punishment or restitution[[:Template:American Psychological Association. ... This article is about Jesus of Nazareth. ... A judgment or judgement (see spelling note below), in a legal context, is synonymous with the formal decision made by a court following a lawsuit. ...

Critics of US conservative Christianity also point out what they believe is an overly-focused concern about issues pertaining to sexuality. These critics say that more emphasis should be placed on concern for the poor and social justice, since they believe these latter issues are emphasized more in the Bible itself, especially in the New Testament and Gospels.^{[citation needed]}

Furthermore, nationalist undertones found among some conservative American Protestants can be seen as contrary to Jesus Christ's teachings of pacifism^{[citation needed]}

In 2001, Christian and musician Bono, who is known for many liberal views, was able to win the support of conservative Christian senator Jesse Helms in his effort to involve American politicians in an effort to alleviate extreme conditions of poverty in Africa^[7]. In doing so, Bono pointed out that the Bible contains thousands of verses advising believers to care for the poor, the sick, the widows, and the orphans^[8]. Liberal and conservative Christians sometimes unite to serve human needs such as in disaster relief and housing for the poor, by way of parachurch organizations such as Habitat for Humanity. Paul David Hewson, KBE (born 10 May 1960), known as Bono, is the lead singer and principal lyricist of the Irish rock band U2. ... Jesse Alexander Helms, Jr. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ... Paul David Hewson, KBE (born 10 May 1960), known as Bono, is the lead singer and principal lyricist of the Irish rock band U2. ... This Gutenberg Bible is displayed by the United States Library of Congress. ... Many organisations set up in the last few centuries by evangelical christians are interdenominational and called parachurch organisations See also Neo-evangelical parachurch organisations Subcategories There is 1 subcategory to this category. ... Official Habitat for Humanity logo Habitat for Humanity is an international, Christian, non-governmental, non-profit organization devoted to building quality, low-cost, affordable housing. ...

References and notes

See also

• Evangelicalism
• Christian right
• Christian left
• Separation of Church and State
• Christian Fundamentalism
• Dispensationalism
• Covenant theology
• Politics
• Conservativism
• Summary of Christian eschatological differences
• Christian Voice
• Family Research Council

The word evangelicalism usually refers to a broad collection of religious beliefs, practices, and traditions which are found among conservative Protestant Christians. ... The Christian right is a term collectively referring to a spectrum of right-wing Christian political and social movements and organizations characterized by their strong support of social values they deem in line with traditional Christian values in [[Western world by a wide range of commentators. ... The Christian Left or Religious Left are terms used to describe those who hold a strong Christian belief and share left-wing, liberal, or socialist ideals. ... Constantines Conversion, depicting the conversion of Emperor Constantine the Great to Christianity, by Peter Paul Rubens. ... Fundamentalist Christianity is a fundamentalist movement, especially within American Protestantism. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Covenant Theology is not to be confused with the Covenanters Covenant Theology (also known as Covenantalism or Federal theology or Federalism) is a conceptual overview and interpretive framework for understanding the overall flow of the Bible. ... Politics is the process by which groups make decisions. ... Conservatism or political conservatism is any of several historically related political philosophies or political ideologies. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Formerly known as Repent UK, Christian Voice is a Christian fundamentalist organisation based in the United Kingdom which strives, through the basis of prayer and public campaigning, for national repentance. It is led by Stephen Green (a former Chairman of the Conservative Family Campaign), with Lord Ashbourne as its patron. ... The Family Research Council (FRC) is a Christian conservative non-profit lobbying organization, formed in the United States by James Dobson in 1981 and incorporated 1983. ...

External links

Pro

• Christianity Against Liberalism by J. Gresham Machen (1881-1937)
• The "Changing" God of the New Theologies
• The Dangers of the Emerging Church
• Apostasy in the Christian church

Con

• Liberalism By M. James Sawyer, Th.M., Ph.D.
• The Center for Progressive Christianity
• Liberals Like Christ
• Unitarian Christianity: A Very Short Introduction
• Christian Alliance for Progress

Non-partisan

• Liberals Vs. Conservatives
• God's Country—the differences among American Fundamentalist, Evangelical and Liberal Christians