NationMaster - Encyclopedia: DKW

Dampf-Kraft Wagen (German: steam-powered vehicle) or DKW is a historic car and motorcycle marque. In 1916, the Danish engineer Jørgen Skafte Rasmussen founded a factory in Saxony, Germany, to produce steam fittings. In the same year, he attempted to produce a steam-driven car, called the DKW. Although unsuccessful, he made a two-stroke toy engine in 1919, called Des Knaben Wunsch — "a boy's desire". He also put a slightly modified version of this engine into a motorcycle and called it Das Kleine Wunder — "a little marvel". This was the real beginning of the DKW brand: by the 1930s, DKW was the world's largest motorcycle manufacturer. In 1932, DKW merged with Audi, Horch and Wanderer to form the Auto Union, and all brands continued until World War II. After the war, Auto Union changed ownership a couple of times, first passed into the hands of Daimler-Benz in 1957, and was finally purchased by the Volkswagen Group in 1964. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (940x800, 60 KB) DKW Auto Union Logo auf Haube vorn File links The following pages link to this file: DKW ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (940x800, 60 KB) DKW Auto Union Logo auf Haube vorn File links The following pages link to this file: DKW ... Karl Benzs Velo (vÃ©lo means bicycle in French) model (1894) - entered into the first automobile race 2005 MINI CooperS. An automobile (also motor car or simply car) is a wheeled passenger vehicle that carries its own motor. ... A scooter and a motorcycle Mika Kallios KTM125 racing motorcycle A motorcycle or motorbike is a single-track, two-wheeled motor-vehicle powered by an engine. ... A marque (French for brand and pronounced as mark) is a brand name, most commonly used for automobile brands. ... Year 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... For the Technical Symposium of NITK Surathkal Engineer , see Engineer (Technical Fest). ... JÃ¸rgen Skafte Rasmussen (1878 â€“ 1964) was an engineer and industrialist of Danish origin. ... The Free State of Saxony (German: Freistaat Sachsen; Sorbian: Swobodny Stat Sakska) is the easternmost federal state of Germany. ... The two-stroke cycle of an internal combustion engine differs from the more common four-stroke cycle by completing the same four operations (intake, compression, power, exhaust) in only two strokes (linear movements of the piston) rather than four. ... Audi AG is a German automobile manufacturer with headquarters in Ingolstadt, Bavaria, and is an almost wholly owned (99. ... Horch was a German automobile manufacturing company (1899-1939). ... Wanderer was a German automobile manufacturer from 1911 to 1939. ... 1936 Auto Union Wanderer Auto Union was a joint venture of four German automobile manufacturers, established in 1932 in Zwickau, Saxony, during the Great Depression. ... Combatants Allied powers: United Kingdom Soviet Union United States Republic of China and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Chiang Kai-shek Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki TÅjÅ Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000,000 Total... Daimler-Benz AG was founded on May 1, 1924 by the merger of Benz & Cie. ... Volkswagen Group (DE0007664005) (TYO: 7659 ) is a German automobile manufacturer and one of the largest automotive companies worldwide. ...

[edit] Automobiles made before WWII

DKW cars were made from 1928 until 1966. They always used two-stroke engines and, from 1931, the company was a pioneer in front-wheel drive and transverse mounting. The most well-known cars made before World War II, bearing model names F1 through F8 (F for Front), had front-wheel drive and a transversely mounted two-cylinder engine. Displacement was 600 or 700 cc, power was 18 to 20 hp. These models also featured an innovation with a generator that doubled up as a self-starter, which was mounted directly on the crankshaft. This was known as a Dynastart. The two-stroke cycle of an internal combustion engine differs from the more common four-stroke cycle by completing the same four operations (intake, compression, power, exhaust) in only two strokes (linear movements of the piston) rather than four. ... Front-wheel drive is the most common form of engine/transmission layout used in modern passenger cars, where the engine drives the front wheels. ... A two cylinder two stroke engine mounted transversely in a 1955 Saab 92B. A transverse engine is an engine in which the crankshaft is oriented side-to-side relative to the wheels of the vehicle. ... Crankshaft (red), pistons (gray) in their cylinders (blue), and flywheel (black) Continental engine marine crankshafts, 1942 Components of a typical, four stroke cycle, DOHC piston engine. ...

They also produced a less well-known series of rear-wheel drive cars called Schwebeklasse and Sonderklasse with V4 two-stroke engines. Displacement of this engine was 1000 cc, later 1100 cc. These engines had two extra cylinders for forced induction, so they really appeared like V6es but without sparkplugs on the front cylinder pair. 1700 cc High Compression Ford Taurus V4 A V4 is an engine in V configuration, with 4 cylinders. ... The two-stroke cycle of an internal combustion engine differs from the more common four-stroke cycle by having only two strokes (linear movements of the piston) instead of four, although the same four operations (intake, compression, power, exhaust) still occur. ... Forced induction is a term used to describe internal combustion engines that are not naturally aspirated. ... The Ford Essex V6 engine V6 and V-6 redirect here. ... This article or section should include material from Spark gap A spark plug is an electrical device that fits into the cylinder head of some internal combustion engines and ignites compressed aerosol gasoline by means of an electric spark. ...

In 1939, they made a prototype with the first three-cylinder engine. The engine had a displacement of 900 cc and produced 30 hp. With a streamlined body, the car could run at 115 km/h (72 mph). This prototype was to be put into production only after the war, first as an IFA F9 (later to become Wartburg) in Zschopau, East Germany, and shortly afterwards in DKW-form from Düsseldorf as the 3=6 or F91. A Straight-3 is an internal combustion engine with three cylinders arranged in a straight line side by side. ... IFA F8 convertible Industrieverband Fahrzeugbau (Trade association construction of vehicles), often abbreviated as IFA, was a conglomerate and a union of companies for vehicle construction in the German Democratic Republic (GDR). ... The Wartburg was a car manufactured in East Germany. ... Zschopau, a town in the German Bundesland Saxony, on the left bank of the Zschopau River, 18 miles south-east from Chemnitz. ... GDR redirects here. ...

DKW engines were used by Saab, as a model for their two-stroke engines in their new automobile manufacturing venture, in 1947. Saab Automobile AB is a subsidiary of General Motors. ...

[edit] Automobiles made after WWII

As the Auto Union company originally was situated in Saxony in what became the German Democratic Republic, it took some time before they gathered after the war was ended. The company was registered again in West Germany as Auto Union GMBH in 1949, first as a spare-part provider, but soon to take up production of the RT 125 motorcycle and a newly developed delivery van, called a Schnellaster F800. Their first line of production took place in Düsseldorf. This van used the same engine as the last F8 made before the war. GDR redirects here. ... DÃ¼sseldorf is the capital city of the German Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia and (together with Cologne and the Ruhr Area) the economic center of Western Germany. ...

Their first passenger car was the F89 using the body from the prototype F9 made before the war and the 2 cylinder two-stroke engine from the last F8. Production went on until it was released by the successful 3 cylinder engine which came with the F91. The F91 was in production from 1953 to 1955, and was replaced by the somewhat larger F93 in 1956. The F91 and F93 models all had 900 cc 3-cylinder two-stroke engines, the first ones delivering 34 hp, and the last ones 38 hp. The ignition system of these engines comprised three independent sets of points and coils, one for each cylinder, with the points mounted in a cluster around a single lobed cam at the front end of the crank shaft. The cooling system was of the free convection type assisted by a fan driven from a pulley mounted at the front end of the crank shaft. The two-stroke cycle of an internal combustion engine differs from the more common four-stroke cycle by having only two strokes (linear movements of the piston) instead of four, although the same four operations (intake, compression, power, exhaust) still occur. ... A cubic centimetre (cm3) is an SI derived unit of volume, equal to the volume of a cube with side length of 1 centi metre. ... The horsepower (hp) is the name of several non-metric units of power. ... A 2 pole MCB A circuit breaker is an automatically-operated electrical switch which is designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by overload or short circuit. ... An ignition coil (also called a spark coil) is an electrical device in a automobiles ignition system which transforms a storage batterys 12 volts to the thousands of volts needed to spark the spark plugs. ... In telecommunication, the term lobe has the following meanings: An identifiable segment of an antenna radiation pattern. ... monkey ... Convection is the internal movement of currents within fluids (i. ...

The F93 was produced until 1959, and was in turn replaced by the AU1000. These models where produced with a 1000 cc two-stroke engine, with a choice between 44 or 50 hp S versions until 1963. During this transition, production was also moved from Düsseldorf to Ingolstadt where Audi still have their production. From 1957, these cars could be fitted with an optional saxomat, an automatic clutch and, at the time it was the only small car offering this feature. The last versions of the AU1000S also had disk brakes as option, an early development for this technology. A sporting 2+2 seater version was also available as the AU1000 Sp from 1957 to 1964, the first years only as a coupé and from 1962 also as a convertible. Ingolstadt is a city in the Federal State of Bavaria, Germany. ... Audi AG is a German automobile manufacturer with headquarters in Ingolstadt, Bavaria, and is an almost wholly owned (99. ... Saxomat was a type of automatic clutch available as an option on Saab 93, Volkswagen Beetle, Borgward, DKW, BMW, Opel, NSU and Glas. ... ... 1995 Buick Riviera coupÃ© 1990 Mercedes-Benz 560SEC coupÃ©, noted for its large, angular design A coupÃ© (from the French for cut) or coupe is a car body style with a close-coupled interior offering either two seats or 2+2 seating (space for two passengers up front and for... Saab 900 Convertible 1962 Rambler American Convertible can also refer to a convertible (security) A convertible (sometimes called cabriolet in British English) is a car body style with a folding or retracting roof (aka soft top or top in USA, hood in UK). ...

In 1956, the very rare DKW Monza was put into small scale production on a private initiative. This was a sporting, two-seater body made of glassfiber mounted on a standard F93 frame. The car was first called Solitude, but got its final name from the several long distance speed records it made on the Monza racing track in Italy in November 1956. Running in FIA class G, it set several new records, among them 48 hours with average speed 140.961 km/h, 10.000 km with average speed 139.453 km/h and 72 hours with average speed 139.459 km/h. The car was first produced by Dannenhauer & Stauss in Stuttgart, then by Massholder in Heidelberg and at last by Robert Schenk in Stuttgart. The total number of produced cars is said to be around 230 and production was rounded up by the end of 1958. Fiberglass or fibreglass is material made from extremely fine fibers of glass. ... Autodromo Nazionale di Monza is a motorsport race track near the town of Monza, Italy, north of Milan. ... The FÃ©dÃ©ration Internationale de lAutomobile, commonly referred to as the FIA, is a non-profit association established in 1904 to represent the interest of motoring organisations and motor car users. ... Coordinates: Time zone: CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2) Administration Country: Germany State: Baden-WÃ¼rttemberg Administrative region: Stuttgart District: Urban district City subdivisions: 23 districts Lord Mayor: Wolfgang Schuster (CDU) Basic Statistics Area: 207. ... A view of the city from the castle (Schloss) A view of stone bridge from the castle (Schloss) The castle (Schloss) above the town Shopping district Heidelberg and the other cities of the Neckar valley View from the so called alley of philosophers (Philosophenweg) towards the Old Town, with Heidelberg...

A more successful range of passenger cars was put out on the marked from 1959. This was the Junior/F12 series based on a modern concept from the late 50ies. This range consist of Junior (basic model) made from 1959 to 1961, Junior de Luxe (a little enhanced) from 1961 to 1963, F11 (a little larger) and F12 (larger and bigger engine) from 1963 to 1965 and F12 Roadster from 1964 to 1965. The Junior/F12 series became quite popular, and many cars were produced. An Assembly plant was licenced in Ireland between I952 to c.I964 and roughly 4,000 DKW vehicles were assembled ranging from saloons, vans, motorbikes to Commercial Combine Harvesters. This was the only DKW factory outside of Germany in Europe.

All the 3-cylinder two-stroke post-war cars had some sporting potential and formed the basis for many rally victories in the 1950s and beginning of 1960s. This made DKW the most winning car brand in the European rally league for several years during the fifties. A Subaru Impreza WRX competing in a rally special stage on gravel. ...

In 1960 DKW developed a V6 engine by combining two three cylinder two-stroke engines giving a single V6 engine with a capacity of 1000 cc. Over time the capacity was increased and the final V6 in 1966 had a capacity of 1300 cc. The 1300 cc version developed 83 HP at 5000 rpm using the standard configuation with two carburettors. A four carburettor version produced 100 HP and a six carburettor version produced 130 HP. The engine was very light and weighed only 84 kg. The V6 was planned to be used in the Munga and the F102. About 100 V6 engines was built for testing purposes and 13 DKW F102 as well as some Mungas was fitted with the V6 engine in the 1960s. [1] The Ford Essex V6 engine V6 and V-6 redirect here. ...

The last DKW was the F102 coming into production in 1964 as a replacement for the somewhat old-looking AU1000. This model was the direct forerunner of the first post-war Audi, the main difference being that the Audi used a conventional four-stroke engine. The transition to four-stroke engines marked the end of the DKW marque for passenger cars. DKW F 102 DKW F 102 The DKW F102 is a car produced by German manufacturer DKW. It succeeded the Auto Union 1000 and 1000S models in 1963. ... Audi 60 F103 was the internal designation for a series of car models produced by Auto-Union in West Germany from 1965 to 1972, derived from the earlier DKW F102. ... The four-stroke cycle (or Otto cycle) of an internal combustion engine is the cycle most commonly used for automotive and industrial purposes today (cars and trucks, generators, etc). ...

[edit] Vans and utility vehicles

[edit] The Munga

The word "MUNGA" comes from the German phrase "Mehrzweck UNiversal Geländewagen mit Allradantrieb", which translated means, "Multi purpose Universal Cross-country Car with All-wheel drive". Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (922x814, 104 KB) DKW Munga , own picture File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): DKW ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (922x814, 104 KB) DKW Munga , own picture File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): DKW ... This article is missing citation of sources. ...

The Munga was built by Auto Union in Ingolstadt. The production began in October 1956 and ended in December 1968. During this time 46,750 cars were built. Launched at the 38th International Motor Show at Frankfurt in the autumn of 1957, the vehicle was not only adopted by the West German Bundeswehr as a vehicle unique in its class but was also bought in large numbers for the German Border Police and various foreign military formations within NATO. For other uses, see Frankfurt (disambiguation). ... The Bundeswehr (Federal Defence Force, ) is the organization that controls and administers the armed forces of Germany. ... NATO 2002 Summit in Prague The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation[2] (NATO; French: ; also called the North Atlantic Alliance, the Atlantic Alliance, the Western Alliance, or the North Atlantic Treaty Organization) is a military alliance established by the signing of the North Atlantic Treaty on 4 April 1949. ...

The civilian version of the Munga was widely adopted in Western Germany for agricultural and forestry work in particular, and also became popular abroad, especially in those countries where "go anywhere" transport was needed because of poor roads, as, for example, in large parts of South America and South Africa. Around 2000 cars were delivered to the Dutch army, many of which were shipped to the UK in the late 1970s.

[edit] The Van

From 1949 to 1962, DKW produced a van with a trailing-arm rear suspension system which incorporated springs in the cross bar assembly. It had a very modern layout with a front engine and front-wheel drive, but the engine was terribly weak. First the van used the prewar engine of the F8 with two cylinders, 700 cc and 20 hp (22 hp after 1952). This was definitely not enough when the van was fully charged. Things went (a little) better in 1955 when the van received the three cylinder unit with 900 cc, producing 32 hp. Image File history File links DKW_3-6_F800-3_1956. ... Image File history File links DKW_3-6_F800-3_1956. ... A van is a vehicle used for transporting goods or groups of people. ... Although front-wheel drive cars usually have one of a few varieties of independent rear suspensions, it is the greater variety and the reasons for each particular design which concern this article, which concerns rear-wheel drive cars. ... Helical or coil springs designed for tension A spring is a flexible elastic object used to store mechanical energy. ... Front-wheel drive is the most common form of engine/transmission layout used in modern passenger cars, where the engine drives the front wheels. ...

Thanks to its layout the van had a low floor configuration, with the load areas about 40 cm from the ground. It was also fitted with a large single rear door fitted to hinges on the right-hand side. The van proved popular; one example being a company in Stellenbosch, South Africa, that sold musical instruments: their DKW van, used for the transport of pianos because of the low floor and large door, became iconic in the town. Passenger door of a low-floor tram Passenger door of a non-low-floor tram In public transportation, low floor is a term describing vehicles such as busses, trolleybusses and trams whose passenger compartment has a floor which is considerably lower than that of traditional cars. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... A hinge is a mechanical device that connects two solid objects, allowing rotation between them. ... Stellenbosch is the second oldest European settlement in South Africa after Cape Town, and is located in the Western Cape Province. ... A musical instrument is a device constructed or modified with the purpose of making music. ... A grand piano, with the lid up. ...

The van was also produced in Vitoria, Spain. DKW (pronounced "de-ca-uve") become a common term for any van, and is still used today. The Spanish subsidiary also produced a modern successor, introduced in 1963 and called DKW F 1000 L. This van started with the three cylinder 1000 cc engine, but later received a Mercedes-Benz Diesel engine and finally was renamed a Mercedes-Benz. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2194x1628, 516 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): DKW Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2194x1628, 516 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): DKW Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2409x929, 343 KB) DKW logo in a spanish manufactured van. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2409x929, 343 KB) DKW logo in a spanish manufactured van. ... Vitoria (population: 224,965 (2004 est), is the capital city of the province of Ãlava and of the Comunidad Vasca Spanish autonomous region, though it is the second city of the region by population. ... This page is about the Mercedes-Benz brand of automobiles and trucks from the DaimlerChrysler automobile manufacturer. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

[edit] Motorcycles

Before World War II, the company had some success with forced induction racing bikes, and during the 1920s and 1930s, DKW was the world largest motorcycle manufacturer. After the war, the company made the RT125, 175, 250 and 350 models. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1137x1433, 577 KB) Bildbeschreibung: DKW RT 125 (vor dem Zweiten Weltkrieg) Quelle: Spurzem Fotograf: Lothar Spurzem Datum: 31. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1137x1433, 577 KB) Bildbeschreibung: DKW RT 125 (vor dem Zweiten Weltkrieg) Quelle: Spurzem Fotograf: Lothar Spurzem Datum: 31. ... Combatants Allied powers: United Kingdom Soviet Union United States Republic of China and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Chiang Kai-shek Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki TÅjÅ Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000,000 Total... Forced induction is a term used to describe internal combustion engines that are not naturally aspirated. ...

The motorcycle branch of the company produced very famous models such as the RT125 pre- and post World War II. As reparations after the war, the design drawings of the RT125 were given to Harley-Davidson in the US and BSA in the UK. The HD version was known as the Hummer, while BSA used them for the Bantam. IFA and later MZ models continued in production until the 1990s, when economics finally brought production of the two stroke to an end. Other manufacturers also copied the DKW design, officially or otherwise. This can be seen in the similarity of many small two stroke motorcycles from the 1950s, including a product of Yamaha, Voskhod and Polish WSK.
RT 125 can refer to a model of motorcycle made by DKW in the 1930s or after 2000 by MuZ. Categories: Substubs | Motorcycles ... Combatants Allied powers: United Kingdom Soviet Union United States Republic of China and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Chiang Kai-shek Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki TÅjÅ Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000,000 Total... Logo on a 2003 Harley Davidson The Harley-Davidson Motor Company (NYSE: HDI) is a manufacturer of motorcycles based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. ... Motto: (Out Of Many, One) (traditional) In God We Trust (1956 to date) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington D.C. Largest city New York City None at federal level (English de facto) Government Federal constitutional republic - President George Walker Bush (R) - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence from... The Birmingham Small Arms Company (BSA) was a British manufacturer of vehicles, firearms, and military equipment, and still exists as an airgun sport manufacturer and distributor. ... D1 Early model The Bantam was a two-stroke motorcycle produced by BSA from 1948 to 1971. ... MZ is an abbreviation which may stand for several things: Mirmo Zibang!, Anime change your name Mirmo!. Mozambique, an African country, MuZ, a German motorcycle manufacturer Magnetic azimuth, a positional measurement Mark Zbikowski, a Microsoft programmer whose ASCII initials appear in the first two bytes of a DOS executable. ... Yamaha Motor Corporation (ãƒ¤ãƒžãƒç™ºå‹•æ©Ÿæ ªå¼ä¼šç¤¾) is a motorized vehicle-producing company, initially part of the Yamaha Corporation. ... Voskhod (Russian: Восход, translated as Sunrise) is the name of: The Soviet Voskhod programme of human spaceflight The spacecraft used in that programme The rocket that was used to launch those spacecraft It is also: A brand of camera A brand of motorcycle This is...

[edit] External links

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Major and Notable German motorcycle marques

BMW · DKW · EMW · Maico · Megola · MZ · NSU · Sachs · Zündapp Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Wikimedia Commons logo by Reid Beels The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ... For a letter of marque, authorising a privateer, see that article. ... BMW began as an aeroplane engine manufacturer. ... An EMW. Notice the BMW like grille. ... Maicowerk A.G. was a West German motorcycle manufacturer producing a range of two wheeled vehicles with two stroke engines from the early 1950s to the late 1970s. ... The Megola was a German motorcycle produced between 1921 and 1925 in Munich. ... MZ is a motorcycle manufacturer located in Zschopau (Germany). ... Logo of the Company NSU, 1951 NSU Motorenwerke AG (normally just NSU) was a German manufacturer of cars and motorcycles and a predecessor to what is now Audi. ... Sachs moped motor Sachs is a German manufacturer of motorcycles, mopeds, motorized bicycles and ATVs. ... A ZÃ¼ndapp KS750 Wehrmacht sidecar from the 1940s. ...

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