FACTOID # 169: Train spotters should go to Australia - Australians have more railway per capita than anyone else on the globe.
 
 Home   Encyclopedia   Statistics   Countries A-Z   Flags   Maps   Education   Forum   FAQ   About 
 
 
 
WHAT'S NEW
RECENT ARTICLES
More Recent Articles »
 

SEARCH ALL

FACTS & STATISTICS    Advanced view

Search encyclopedia, statistics and forums:

 

 

(* = Graphable)

 

 


Encyclopedia > Deeyah
Deeyah

Background information
Birth name Deepika Thathaal
Born August 7, 1977 (1977-08-07) (age 30)
Oslo, Norway
Genre(s) Pop, electronica, dance
Occupation(s) Singer
Years active 1985-
Label(s) Sony BMG/Arista
Website www.deeyah.com

Deeyah (born Deepika Thathaal) (born August 7, 1977 in Oslo, Norway) is a Norwegian singer, composer and human rights activist of Pakistani Pashtun descent. Born to Sunni Muslim Pakistani and Afghan parents [1]. She is often called the "Muslim Madonna" by the media.[2] Her style contains elements of Pop, Metal, Electronica and World. If you hold the copyright to an image (e. ... is the 219th day of the year (220th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1977 (album) by Ash. ... This article is about the capital of Norway. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... For other uses, see Pop music (disambiguation). ... Electronica refers to a wide range of contemporary electronic music designed for a wide range of uses, including foreground listening, some forms of dancing, and background music for other activities; but unlike electronic dance music, is not specifically focused on the dance floor. ... For other uses, see Dance (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Singer (disambiguation). ... In the music industry, a record label is a brand and a trademark associated with the marketing of music recordings and music videos. ... Bertelsmann is a transnational media corporation founded in 1835, based in G tersloh, Germany. ... Arista Records was founded in 1975 by Clive Davis, and named after his secondary school honor society. ... is the 219th day of the year (220th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1977 (album) by Ash. ... For other uses, see Singer (disambiguation). ... A composer is a person who writes music. ... Human rights are rights which some hold to be inalienable and belonging to all humans. ... The Pashtuns (also Pushtun, Pakhtun, ethnic Afghan, or Pathan) are an ethno-linguistic group consisting mainly of eastern Iranian stock living primarily in eastern and southern Afghanistan, and the North West Frontier Province, Federally Administered Tribal Areas and Baluchistan provinces of Pakistan. ... Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... This article is about the American entertainer. ... For other uses, see Pop music (disambiguation). ... Heavy metal redirects here. ... Electronica refers to a wide range of contemporary electronic music designed for a wide range of uses, including foreground listening, some forms of dancing, and background music for other activities; but unlike electronic dance music, is not specifically focused on the dance floor. ... World music is, most generally, all the music in the world. ...


Deeyah has performed and recorded under the artist name Deeyah since 2002.

Contents

Early life

Deeyah was born as Deepika Thathaal, at Ullevål sykehus hospital and grew up in Lambertseter in Oslo. Later the family moved to Grønland in sentrum and later to Tåsen. She is the daughter of Sunni Muslim immigrant parents. Deepika Thathaal's father has a big family in Norway, originally from the province Punjab in Pakistan. Her grandfather was among the first Pakistani immigrants in Norway. He is regarded as one of the most respected Muslim elders in the Pakistani community in Norway. Both the family of Deeyah/Deepika's mother and father are Sunni Muslims [3]. Lambertseter was a borough of the city of Oslo, Norway up to January 1 2004, when it became part of the Nordstrand district. ... This article is about the capital of Norway. ... Not to be confused with Greenland. ... Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ... This article is about the Pakistani province. ... Immigration is the act of moving to or settling in another country or region, temporarily or permanently. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ...


Deeyah started in the music business at the age of 8. Deeyah's father being a music lover ensured that Pakistani/North Indian classical music was an essential part of Deeyah's upbringing. Deeyah was signed at the age of 13 releasing two critically acclaimed albums in her native Norway. The music of Pakistan is probably one of the most diverse selection of music in the whole world within one country; being at the crossroads of Central Asia, Iran, the Middle East and India. ...


Towards the end of the 1970s Deeyah's father established the organization Raga Music Society primarily to introduce Pakistani artists and music styles to the Norwegian musical and cultural sphere. Deeyah's father's surname was originally Hussain but he changed it to Thathaal in his mid 30s. The name Thathaal was inspired and based on his familial tribal belonging and heritage. Raga (rāg /राग (Hindi), raga (anglicised from rāgaḥ/रागः (Sanskrit)) or rāgam /ராகம் (Tamil)) are the melodic modes used in Indian classical music. ... For other uses, see Music (disambiguation). ... Hussein (also spelled Husayn and Husain) is a common Middle Eastern name especially among shiite muslims, because of the popularity of Hussein bin Ali, the grandson of the prophet Muhammad and the shiites third Imam. ...


Deeyah's mother has no extended family in Norway. Deeyah's mother is Afghan and parts of her family are also Iranian, she belongs to the Afghan Durrani tribe. Deeyah's mother's language is pashto. She became pregnant with Deeyah when she was just 18 years old. The 18 year old mother to be did not speak or understand much Norwegian and had no support system or family in Norway. An elderly Indian Hindu woman took care and helped Deeyah's mother through the pregnancy, she also picked the name Deepika for Thathaal's daughter [4]. She died not long after Deeyah was born[5]. Deeyah's mother became terminally ill a few years after the birth of Deeyah's brother Adil [6]. Because the mother was in and out of hospitals for several years and Mr Thathaal was working 2 jobs to provide for his family Deeyah ended up taking care and bringing up baby brother Adil. A child herself Deeyah wasn't just a sister to Adil but ended up becoming a second mother to him [7]. Durrani (Persian: درانی) or Abdali (Persian: ابدالی) tribe is one of the Pashtun elite, and is also found in large numbers in western Pakistan. ... http://www. ... Pashto (پښتو; also known as Afghan, Pushto, Pashto, Pashtoe, Pashtu, and Pukhto) is the language spoken by the ethnic Afghan otherwise known as the Pashtun people who inhabit Afghanistan and the Western provinces of Pakistan. ... This article discusses the adherents of Hinduism. ... Terminal illness is a medical term popularized in the 20th century for an active and progressive disease which cannot be cured easily by popular medicinal practice. ... For other uses, see Child (disambiguation). ...


Biography

Deeyah started singing when she was 7 years old. She studied Pakistani and North Indian Classical music under Ustad Bade Fateh Ali Khan[8]. According to Khan Deeyah is one of his best and favorite students who he is most proud of [9]. Deeyah's first national TV performance was when she was 8 years old on the show Halv Sju. In 1992 she sang at the opening of TV2 in front of an audience that included Åse Kleveland and then prime minister Gro Harlem Brundtland. In 1992 Deeyah was taken on as a student by Ustad Sultan Khan. Ustad Bade Fateh Ali Khan is a leading classical singer from Pakistan who hails from the Patiala Gharana. He sang with his elder brother, Amanant Ali, until his brother died in the 70s. ... The TV 2 logo TV 2 is Norways most viewed commercial television station. ... Ã…se Kleveland Ã…se Kleveland (born 18 March 1949) is a Swedish-Norwegian singer and politician. ... Gro Harlem Brundtland [IPA: gro hÉ‘É­É›m brʉntlÉ‘nd] (born April 20, 1939) is a Norwegian politician, diplomat, and physician, and an international leader in sustainable development and public health. ...


Deeyah's first solo album was at the age of 15 was on the biggest Norwegian independent record company, KKV and her second with BMG. The first album I Alt Slags Lys through Kirkelig Kulturverksted, where she mixed various Pakistani musical styles with jazz and western folk music. On this album she collaborated with Knut Reiersrud, Reidar Skår, Paolo Vinaccia, Audun Erlien, Ustad Sultan Khan and Ustad Shaukat Hussain Khan from Pakistan [10]. From the beginning of her career Deeyah has been called a limitless and groundbreaking arist [11] Deeyah's debut solo concert was as a 15 year old at Vossa Jazz. BMG (Bertelsmann Music Group) is one of the six divisions of Bertelsmann. ... Knut Reiersrud (b. ... Ustad Sultan Khan is a renowned Indian sarangi player and singer. ...


In September 1995 she released her 2nd album through BMG/Arista. The music videos from this album caused uproar among conservative Muslims who claimed Deeyah was a bad Muslim for showing her uncovered back. She and her family were threatened, harassed and worse; during a concert she was attacked on stage. All this caused her to move to London in 1996 and to continue her career there in more safety. However she soon realised her past had caught up with her. Deeyah was working on an album in the late 90's when the chairman of Warner Music UK of 20 years who had signed Deeyah lost his job, resulting in Deeyah's contract being terminated. Her manager and friend Steven Fargnoli passed away due to an illness in 2001. Deeyah decided to give up her music career because of these circumstances, but her musical nature wouldn't allow her to do that. BMG (Bertelsmann Music Group) is one of the six divisions of Bertelsmann. ... Arista Records was founded in 1975 by Clive Davis, and named after his secondary school honor society. ... A music video (also video clip, promo) is a short film or video meant to present a visual representation of a popular music song. ... A Muslim is a believer in or follower of Islam. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... Warner Music Group is one of the Big Four record labels. ... Purple Rain is a 1984 feature film directed by Albert Magnoli and written by Magnoli and William Blinn. ...


These events made Deeyah even more determined to pursue music, which led to her working with Grammy winning producer Darin Prindle. Together they co-wrote and co-produced the double a-side single Plan Of My Own/I Saw You. However she was dogged with more controversy when these videos aired on music channels, causing Deeyah to take a break from the scene. She has also worked in Los Angeles on her videos and collaborated with LA rapper Young Maylay on the controversial single What Will It Be?. This video caused controversy and anger amongst the Muslim community as in the video she strips off a burka to reveal her bikini clad body. Grammy Award statuette The Grammy Awards, presented by the Recording Academy (an association of Americans professionally involved in the recorded music industry) for outstanding achievements in the recording industry, is one of four major music awards shows held annually in the United States (the Billboard Music Awards, the American Music... Flag Seal Nickname: City of Angels Location Location within Los Angeles County in the state of California Coordinates , Government State County California Los Angeles County Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa (D) Geographical characteristics Area     City 1,290. ... Look up la, LA, La in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Young Maylay, Born Chris Bellard, is an American voice actor and West Coast rapper. ... Afghan woman wearing Afghan burqa Two different items of traditional Muslim womens clothing are known as a burqa, (sometimes misspelled as burka or burqua). ...


Deepika changed her artist name/stage name to Deeyah in 2002 [12]. A stage name, also called a screen name, is a pseudonym used by performers and entertainers such as actors, comedians, musicians, djs, clowns, and professional wrestlers. ...


One of the very few female students to train under the classical Pakistani music maestro Ustad Fateh Ali Khan and Ustad Sultan Khan. The music of Pakistan is probably one of the most diverse selection of music in the whole world within one country; being at the crossroads of Central Asia, Iran, the Middle East and India. ... Ustad Bade Fateh Ali Khan is a leading classical singer from Pakistan who hails from the Patiala Gharana. He sang with his elder brother, Amanant Ali, until his brother died in the 70s. ... Ustad Sultan Khan is a renowned Indian sarangi player and singer. ...

Deeyah contributes more than music to the cause of women's rights. She is a patron of a women's shelter in Birmingham, UK where she contributes her time and support to its victims. Jan Garbarek (born March 4, 1947 in Mysen, Norway) is a Norwegian tenor and soprano saxophonist, active in the jazz, classical, and world music genres. ... David Lindley David Lindley (born 1944 in San Marino, California) is an American guitarist and multi-instrumentalist (his instruments include a variety of stringed instruments such as banjo, lap steel guitar, violin, oud, cittern, bouzouki, saz, and cümbüş). He is well-known as a lead guitarist for hire, particularly... Talvin Singh (Matharu) (born in 1970 in Leytonstone, London, England) is a British DJ and tabla player, known for creating an innovative fusion of classical Indian music and drum n bass. ... Rick Nowels is a record producer and songwriter who is known for his work with Stevie Nicks, Belinda Carlisle, Madonna, Darren Hayes, Amber, Dido, Sonique, Ronan Keating, New Radicals, k. ... Allah Rakha Rahman (born on January 6, 1967 as A.S. Dileep Kumar in Chennai, India) is a popular Indian film music composer. ... Adrian Sherwood Adrian Sherwood (born 1958) is a British record producer best known for his work with dub music as well as for remixing a number of popular acts such as Coldcut, Depeche Mode, Primal Scream, Pop Will Eat Itself, and Sinéad OConnor. ... Pandit Shivkumar Sharma (born January 13, 1938) is an Indian classical musician, working in the Hindustani classical music tradition. ... Guy Sigsworth Guy Sigsworth is an electronica producer and was member of the band Frou Frou together with U.K. singer/songwriter/producer Imogen Heap. ... Martyn Ware (born on 19 May 1956, in Sheffield, Yorkshire) is one of the leading figures in electronic music. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The term women’s rights typically refers to freedoms inherently possessed by women and girls of all ages, which may be institutionalized or ignored and/or illegitimately suppressed by law or custom in a particular society. ... This article is about the British city. ...


Currently Deeyah is in the United States working on a brand new album, having scrapped all previous material, working with various producers. Her new project will be unveiled in 2007. An album or record album is a collection of related audio or music tracks distributed to the public. ...


Controversy

Deeyah's choice of profession was an unpopular one in the opinion of some parts of the muslim community in Norway from the very beginning of Deeyah's musical career. Initially complaints and the Muslim community's disapproval was expressed to her parents but when Deeyah started getting older it came directly to her as well. Deeyah's choice in profession, the way she dressed and that she was considered an outspoken modern young Muslim woman was considered unacceptable. Deeyah's behavior was considered to be setting a bad example for other young Muslims [13]. Deeyah was followed everywhere she went, she was harassed, threatened and intimidated every time she would set her foot outside her home. Deeyah was attacked with pepper spray at one of her own concerts in Oslo [14]. After being in several physically threatening and dangerous situations for both her and her immediate family Deeyah made the decision to buy a one way ticket to London in 1996 [15]. There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... Pepper spray (also known as OC spray (from Oleoresin Capsicum), OC gas, capsicum spray, or oleoresin capsicum) is a lachrymatory agent (a chemical compound that irritates the eyes to cause tears, pain, and even temporary blindness) that is used in riot control, crowd control and personal self-defense, including defense... This article is about the capital of Norway. ...


Hoping things would be different for her in the UK she continued working on her music in London. In 2004 her first videos started getting high rotation on Asian music channels B4U and Zee TV [16]. The more her popularity grew the more unpopular she became in some Muslim circles in the UK with the same controversy and problems haunting her in the UK as they did in Norway [17]. The controversy in the UK started with the video "Plan Of My Own" which shows Deeyah dancing seductively with a male dancer, this caused outrage among some Muslims in England and brought on her the same harassment and threats as she received in Norway [18]. B4U is a song track by Naoki which is used in Dance Dance Revolution. ... Zee TV is an India-based satellite television channel in the Zee Network umbrella, which carries broadcasts in Hindi, Urdu, and other regional languages of India. ... For the Wikipedia policy regarding controversial issues in articles, see Wikipedia:Guidelines for controversial articles. ...


Scared and angry that this could happen to her again years on in a different country Deeyah lashed out with the song and music video for the song "What Will It Be?" [19]


"What Will It Be?" was never intended as a commercial release it was just for protest and was not available for sale anywhere. After months of pressure from fans Deeyah agreed to have "What Will It Be?" out for limited digital release in the UK only [20] For other uses, see Digital (disambiguation). ...


What WIll It Be? Controversy

It has been claimed by the MCB, that death threats against Deeyah could have been faked or exaggerated in order to boost up her popularity[2].


After extensive research by various journalists, and numerous others) into these claims it appears that the threats to Deeyah are not only real but that the full extent of the intimidation against Deeyah has not yet been widely reported in the media. This can be seen on several online forums and websites including even violent messages posted about Deeyah on YouTube.


Muslim Council of Britain issued also a statement that – judging on the basis of her name – she is probably not of Muslim origins[3].Deeyah has discussed this in depth in an interview with the magazine Per Contra. In the article, Deeyah said that she is proud of the Sunni Muslim heritage of her parents and acknowledges her status as a Muslim artist[4].Her name comes from a family friend, and according to deeyah.com should be seen as a sign of respect to that friend, and not as a sign that she is Hindu. Translations of newspaper articles about Deeyah and her music in her native Norway from as early as 1992 refer to her Muslim heritage as well which has put the motivation behind the accusation of the MCB under suspicion. The Muslim Council of Britain (MCB) is an unincorporated association founded in 1997 with the following aims: To promote co-operation, consensus and unity on Muslim affairs in the UK. To encourage and strengthen all existing efforts being made for the benefit of the Muslim community. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... This article discusses the adherents of Hinduism. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... For other uses, see Tradition (disambiguation). ...

  • Deeyah's video not shown anymore on British Asian TV channel

The What will it be music video won't be shown anymore on the British Asian music channel B4U TV, they stated "We had threats which we were forced to take very seriously." [21] and FreeMuse interview here.


Discography

Albums

  • In All Kinds of Light as Deepika 1992
  • Deepika as Deepika 1996
  • Plan of My Own 2005 (Unreleased/Shelved)
  • Ataraxis as Deeyah 2007/2008 (Heilo/Grappa Records)

Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ...

Singles

  • Plan Of My Own/I Saw You 2005 UK #35
  • What Will It Be? 2006 Download Only

See also

Norwegian-Pakistani Approximately 26,000 Norwegians are of Pakistani heritage, and is thus one of Norways largest ethnic minorities and largest immigrant group, ahead of Swedes. ... The term women’s rights typically refers to freedoms inherently possessed by women and girls of all ages, which may be institutionalized or ignored and/or illegitimately suppressed by law or custom in a particular society. ... The complex relationship between women and Islam is defined by both Islamic texts and the history and culture of the Muslim world. ... A symbol of Islamic feminism, incorporating the Crescent Moon and Star of Islam into the female symbol Islamic feminism is a form of feminism that aims for the full equality of all Muslims, regardless of sex or gender, in public and private life. ...

External links

Interviews

References

  1. ^ Nina Rambel Article about Deeyah from "Hjemmet" Norway from 1990 http://www.deeyahpoint.co.uk/nor/no/beautifultz6.jpg
  2. ^ National newspaper The Sun
  3. ^ http://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deepika_Thathaal
  4. ^ Bill Turner http://www.percontra.net/3deeyahsideas.htm For Per Contra Magazine
  5. ^ By Djembe http://www.freemuse.org/sw14311.asp Danish Music magazine
  6. ^ Article about Norwegian-Pakistani siblings Adil and Deeyah [1] http://www.dagbladet.no/kultur/2006/03/21/461294.html Dagbladet, Norwegian National Newspaper
  7. ^ http://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deepika_Thathaal
  8. ^ By Virginia Singer http://www.mic.no/mic.nsf/doc/art2002092414134758108491 Music Information Center Of Norway
  9. ^ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ustad_Bade_Fateh_Ali_Khan
  10. ^ From Norsk pop- og rock leksikon MICLEX Vega Forlag
  11. ^ 1991 Newspaper article about Deeyah breaking down boundaries of musical genres and cultural and societal barriers of perceptions placed on a young Muslim girl born in Norway-tipping her for great things in her career http://www.deeyahpoint.co.uk/nor/no/boundaryxa8.jpg By Dagbladet
  12. ^ Desiclub Interview about the name change: http://www.desiclub.com/desimusic/desimusic_features/music_article.cfm?id=170
  13. ^ Islamic Cultural Centre: statement about Deeyah http://www.deeyahpoint.co.uk/nor/press.html
  14. ^ Asiana Article By Shihab Salim http://www.asianamag.com/Lifestyle/Article/Celebrity/66/DeeyahInterview-PriceofFame.aspx
  15. ^ http://www.djembe.dk/no/57/08deeyah.html
  16. ^ Interview with Designer Magazinehttp://designermagazine.tripod.com/DeeyahINT1.html
  17. ^ CNN interview with David Mattingly http://youtube.com/watch?v=dSR-bXDVU7Y
  18. ^ http://www.desiclub.com/desimusic/desimusic_features/music_article.cfm?id=200
  19. ^ http://www.djembe.dk/no/57/forside.html
  20. ^ http://www.freemuse.org/sw14311.asp
  21. ^ Daily Express, February 2006
  • Deeyah Interview with The World Forum on Music and Censorship Freemuse [5]
  • Deeyah Per Contra Interview [6]
  • Norwegian Press articles dating from 1992 to present: [7]
  • VG article
  • About Deeyah from Music Information Centre Norway
  • By Amanda Craig The Times UK [8]
  • Written By: Jostein Pedersen [9]
  • Ragas and Sagas by Richard Byrne [10]7
Persondata
NAME Deeyah
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Deepika Thathaal (birth name); Deeyah (pseudonym since 2002)
SHORT DESCRIPTION Norwegian English Urdu Pashto Singer-Songwriter
DATE OF BIRTH August 7, 1977
PLACE OF BIRTH Oslo, Norway
DATE OF DEATH
PLACE OF DEATH

  Results from FactBites:
 
Deeyah - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (412 words)
Deeyah (born August 7, 1977 in Oslo, Norway) is a Norwegian pop singer of Pakistani, Afghan, and Persian descent.
Deeyah has discussed this in depth in an interview with the magazine Per Contra.
In the article, Deeyah said that she is proud of the Sunni Muslim heritage of her parents and acknowledges her status as a Muslim artist [3].
  More results at FactBites »


 
 

COMMENTARY     


Share your thoughts, questions and commentary here
Your name
Your comments

Want to know more?
Search encyclopedia, statistics and forums:
 


Lesson Plans | Student Area | Student FAQ | Reviews | Press Releases |  Feeds | Contact
The Wikipedia article included on this page is licensed under the GFDL.
Images may be subject to relevant owners' copyright.
All other elements are (c) copyright NationMaster.com 2003-5. All Rights Reserved.
Usage implies agreement with terms, 0825, e