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Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2007) | About 91% of the population of Lebanon is urban and comprises many different ethnic groups and religions, including numerous Christian and Muslim sects. Because the matter of religious balance is a sensitive political issue, a national census has not been conducted since 1932, before the founding of the modern Lebanese state. Consequently there is an absence of accurate data on the relative percentages of the population of the major religions and groups (source: US State Dept). Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box: Christianity is...
There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ...
Image:1870 census Lindauer Weber 01. ...
Ethnic groups
The Lebanese
 Three Lebanese women, 1873. Though of lesser importance than religious belonging, ethnic background is still a factor in Lebanon. The country encompasses a great mix of cultural, religious, and ethnic groups which have been building up for more than 6,000 years. Although most of the population is today considered Arab, in the sense that Arabic is the national language, the ethnic self-designations vary. The Arabs only reached Lebanon in the 7th century, and their culture was superimposed on an already diverse population. Lebanese are overall very genetically similar to other Levantine populations, such as Syrians and Jordanians, with a minimal foreign influence, so religious and national affiliation does not necessarily indicate genetic distinctness, regardless of what is claimed by members of the different sects[1], but the question of ethnic identity has come to revolve more around cultural self-identification than on provable genetic linkage. Religious and cultural affiliation has thus become a substitute for ethnic affilitation.[2] Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ...
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1873 (MDCCCLXXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...
An ethnic group is a group of people who identify with one another, or are so identified by others, on the basis of a boundary that distinguishes them from other groups. ...
An ethnic group is a group of people who identify with one another, or are so identified by others, on the basis of a boundary that distinguishes them from other groups. ...
For other uses, see Arab (disambiguation). ...
Arabic redirects here. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Exonym and endonym. ...
The Levant is an approximate historical geographical term referring to a large area in Southwest Asia south of the Taurus Mountains, bounded by the Mediterranean Sea in the west, and in the east, the north Arabian Desert and Mesopotamia. ...
Look up substitute in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Generally it can be said that all religious sects comprise many different ethnic backgrounds, and that clear ethnic boundaries are difficult to define. Still, religious and ethnic distinctions sometimes coincide, since religious sects have tended to marry within the group, thus preserving not only religious but ethnic characteristics. Also, one could claim that over time many of the religious sects have evolved into ethnic communities in their own right; the Druze are a prime example of this. Religions Druzism Scriptures Rasail al-hikmah (Epistles of Wisdom) Languages Arabic, Hebrew The Druze (Arabic: درزي, derzī or durzī, plural دروز, durūz; ‎, Druzim; also transliterated Druz or Druse) are a Middle Eastern religious community whose traditional religion is said to have begun as an offshoot of the Ismaili sect of...
Some Lebanese, especially among Maronite Christians, see themselves as descendants of the Phoenicians/Canaanites (recently supported by genetic studies, though it applies to all Lebanese and neighbouring populations[3]) and tend to de-emphasize or deny Lebanon's Arab heritage. Melkite Greek Catholics, the Greek Orthodox, and some Maronites tend to focus more on the Greek heritage of the region from the days of the Byzantine Empire, and the fact that Greek was maintained as a liturgical language until very recently. Some Christians even claim partial descent from Crusader knights who ruled Lebanon for a couple of centuries during the Middle Ages. This identification with non-Arab civilizations also exists in other religious communities, albeit not to the same extent. Muslims, as well as Greek Orthodox and rural Roman Catholic Christians, tend to simply consider themselves as Arabs.[4] Maronites (Marunoye ܡܪܘܢÜÜܶ; in Syriac, Mâruniyya مارونية in Arabic) are members of an Eastern Catholic Church in full communion with the Pope of Rome. ...
Phoenicia (or Phenicia ,[1] from Biblical Phenice [1]) was an ancient civilization centered in the north of ancient Canaan, with its heartland along the coast of modern day Lebanon and Syria. ...
// [[Image:]] Map of Canaan For other uses, see Canaan (disambiguation). ...
The term Melkite (also written Melchite) is used to refer to various Christian churches and their members originating in the Middle East. ...
Greek Orthodox Church can refer to any of several hierarchical churches within the larger group of mutually recognizing Eastern Orthodox churches: the Orthodox Church of Constantinople, headed by the Patriarch of Constantinople, who is also the first among equals of the Eastern Orthodox Communion. ...
Byzantine redirects here. ...
A sacred language is a language, frequently a dead language, that is cultivated for religious reasons by people who speak another language in their daily life. ...
This article is about historical Crusades . ...
The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ...
A Muslim is a believer in or follower of Islam. ...
Eastern Orthodoxy (also called Greek Orthodoxy and Russian Orthodoxy) is a Christian tradition which represents the majority of Eastern Christianity. ...
Catholic Church redirects here. ...
Lebanese Armenians, Assyrians, Jews, Kurds and Persians form more distinct ethnic minorities, all of them in possession of a national home area outside of Lebanon. However, they total less than 4% of the population. The Armenians of Lebanon are Lebanese citizens of Armenian descent. ...
Languages Aramaic Religions Christianity Related ethnic groups other Semitic peoples The Assyrians (also called Syriacs or Aramaeans[11]) are an ethnic group whose origins lie in what is today Iraq, Iran, Turkey and Syria, but many of whom have migrated to the Caucasus, North America and Western Europe during the...
Languages Kurdish Religions Predominantly Sunni Muslim also some Shia, Yazidism, Yarsan, Judaism, Christianity Related ethnic groups other Iranian peoples (Talysh Baluch Gilak Bakhtiari Persians) The Kurds are an ethnic group who consider themselves to be indigenous to a region often referred to as Kurdistan, an area which includes adjacent parts...
The Persians of Iran (officially named Persia by West until 1935 while still referred to as Persia by some) are an Iranian people who speak Persian (locally named Fârsi by native speakers) and often refer to themselves as ethnic Iranians as well. ...
Palestinian refugees 402,582 Palestinian refugees were registered in Lebanon with the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) in March 2005, almost all refugees or descendants of refugees from the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. Some of these may have emigrated during the civil war, but there are no reliable figures available. There are also a number of Palestinians who are not registered as UNRWA refugees, because they left earlier than 1948 or were not in need of material assistance. The exact number of Palestinians remain a subject of great dispute and the Lebanese government will not provide an estimate. A figure of 400,000 Palestinian refugees would mean that Palestinians constitute more than 10% of the resident population of Lebanon. Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ...
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The Palestinian flag, adopted in 1948, is a widely recognized modern symbol of the Palestinian people. ...
Nahr al-Bared, Palestinian refugee camp in northern Lebanon. ...
bjhgfshudgfgbfsfas Refugee camp for Rwandans located in what is now the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo following the Rwandan Genocide A camp in Guinea for refugees from Sierra Leone. ...
Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
In the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, a Palestinian refugee is a refugee from Palestine created by the Palestinian Exodus, which Palestinian Arabs call the Nakba (Arabic: , meaning disaster or catastrophe). The United Nations definition of a Palestinian refugee is a person whose normal place of residence was Palestine between June 1946...
The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) was established to provide assistance to Palestinian refugees. ...
Combatants Israel Haganah Irgun Lehi Palmach Foreign Volunteers Egypt, Syria, Transjordan, Lebanon, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Holy War Army, Arab Liberation Army Commanders Yaakov Dori, Yigael Yadin John Bagot Glubb, Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni, Hasan Salama, Fawzi Al-Qawuqji, Ahmed Ali al-Mwawi Strength Israel: 29,677 initially rising...
Combatants Lebanese Front Syria LNM PLO Commanders Bachir Gemayel Dany Chamoun Kamal Jumblatt Yasser Arafat The Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990) was a multifaceted civil war whose antecedents trace back to the conflicts and political compromises reached after the end of Lebanons administration by the Ottoman Empire. ...
Their presence is controversial, and resisted by large segments of the Christian population, who argue that the primarily Sunni Muslim Palestinians dilute Christian numbers. Many Shi'a Muslims also look unfavorably upon the Palestinian presence, since the camps have tended to be concentrated in their home areas. As a result of this, Palestinians are not accorded the legal rights enjoyed by the rest of the population. They are denied citizenship and confined to severely overcrowded refugee camps, in which construction rights are severely constricted. Palestinians can't work in a large number of professions, such as lawyers, doctors, etc. However, after negotiations between Lebanese authorities and ministers from the Palestinian National Authority some professions for Palestinians were allowed (taxi driver, construction worker, etc..). The material situation of the Palestinian refugees in Lebanon is difficult, and they are believed to constitute the poorest community in Lebanon, as well as the poorest Palestinian community with the possible exception of Gaza refugees. Their primary sources of income are UNRWA aid and menial labor sought in competition with Syrian guest workers. Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ...
The term Palestinian has other usages, for which see definitions of Palestinian. ...
Shia Islam ( Arabic شيعى follower; English has traditionally used Shiite or Shiite) is the second largest Islamic denomination; some 20-25% of all Muslims are said to follow a Shia tradition. ...
“Citizen†redirects here. ...
bjhgfshudgfgbfsfas Refugee camp for Rwandans located in what is now the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo following the Rwandan Genocide A camp in Guinea for refugees from Sierra Leone. ...
“Palestinian government†redirects here. ...
Not to be confused with the Spanish name Garza or the Egyptian town of Giza. ...
A foreign worker (cf expatriate), is a person who works in a country other than the one of which he or she is a citizen. ...
The Palestinians are mostly Sunni Muslim, but there is also a Christian minority of over 10% (primarily Greek Orthodox). The numbers of Palestinian Christians has diminished in later years, as many have managed to leave Lebanon. During the Lebanese Civil War, Palestinian Christians sided with the rest of the Palestinian community, instead of allying with Lebanese Greek Orthodox or other Christian communities. Combatants Lebanese Front Syria LNM PLO Commanders Bachir Gemayel Dany Chamoun Kamal Jumblatt Yasser Arafat The Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990) was a multifaceted civil war whose antecedents trace back to the conflicts and political compromises reached after the end of Lebanons administration by the Ottoman Empire. ...
See also Demographics of Palestine. Demographics of Palestine may refer to one or more of the following: Demographics of the West Bank Demographics of the Gaza Strip Demographics of Israel This is a disambiguation page — a list of pages that otherwise might share the same title. ...
Syrian workers and the 1994 naturalization Lebanon holds a large number of Syrian workers, most of whom are employed on a seasonal basis and do not hold citizenship. They entered Lebanon mainly after Syria established its controversial occupation there during the Lebanese Civil War. They are employed in menial labor, working in areas such as construction. They are generally very poor and compete with the Palestinians over low-wage jobs. Some right-wing Lebanese argue that the presence of such a large number of Syrian workers should in fact be considered part of a Syrian colonization attempt, interlocking the economies and making Lebanon excessively dependent on Syria. Others have argued that the Syrian laborers have been essential to post-war reconstruction. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The Syrian occupation of Lebanon has continued for about three decades, until the present day. ...
Combatants Lebanese Front Syria LNM PLO Commanders Bachir Gemayel Dany Chamoun Kamal Jumblatt Yasser Arafat The Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990) was a multifaceted civil war whose antecedents trace back to the conflicts and political compromises reached after the end of Lebanons administration by the Ottoman Empire. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Colonialism. ...
Their exact numbers are disputed, with right-wing Lebanese nationalists tending to give high estimates (up to 1.5 million) while others go as low as 300,000. The CIA Factbook suggest a figure of 1 million (2001)[1]. Regardless of which estimate is closer to the truth, numbers would naturally fluctuate according to season and to the situation of the Lebanese and Syrian economies. The World Factbook is an annual publication by the Central Intelligence Agency of the United States with basic almanac-style information about the various countries of the world. ...
In 1994, Lebanese authorities - then under Syrian domination - authorized a controversial granting of citizenship to Syrians (and a small number of Palestinians and others) in Lebanon. The precise number is disputed, figures ranging from a 100,000 people to half a million. It seems clear, however, that the act shifted the religious balance in Lebanon in favor of Sunni Muslims, and had important effects on the sectarian makeup of Lebanese politics.
The Syrians in Lebanon are Arab in the same linguistic sense as the Lebanese, but with a less ambiguous Arab self-identification. They are mainly Muslims of the Sunni sect, but due to Syria's diverse religious and ethnic population, many other groups are also included. For other uses, see Arab (disambiguation). ...
See also Demographics of Syria. Most Syrians are of Semitic stock. ...
Other immigrants There are substantial numbers of immigrants from other Arab countries. Also, recent years have seen an influx of people from South East Asian countries such as Indonesia, the Philippines and Malaysia, as well as smaller numbers of other immigrant minorities and Mexicans (of Lebanese descent themselves). Most of these are employed as guest workers in the same fashion as Syrians and Palestinians, and entered the country to search for employment in the post-war reconstruction of Lebanon. Apart from the Palestinians, there are approximately 180,000 stateless persons in Lebanon. Many of these are Kurds from Turkey and Syria, or other Syrians. “Arab States†redirects here. ...
Location of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. ...
A stateless person is someone with no citizenship or nationality. ...
Kurds are one of the Iranian peoples and speak Kurdish, a north-Western Iranian language related to Persian. ...
Due to the US-led invasion of Iraq, Lebanon has received a mass influx of Iraqi refugees numbering at around 100,000.[5] For other uses of the term, see Iraq war (disambiguation) The 2003 invasion of Iraq (also called the 2nd or 3rd Persian Gulf War) began on March 20, 2003, when forces belonging primarily to the United States and the United Kingdom invaded Iraq without the explicit backing of the United...
Religious groups of Lebanon
The sectarian system Lebanon's religious divisions are extremely complicated, and the country is made up by a multitude of religious groupings. The ecclesiastical and demographic patterns of the sects are complex. Divisions and rivalries between groups date back as far as 15 centuries, and still are a factor today. The pattern of settlement has changed little since the 7th century, but instances of civil strife and ethnic cleansing - most recently during the Lebanese Civil War - has brought some important changes to the religious map of the country. (See also History of Lebanon.) Various Religious symbols, including (first row) Christian, Jewish, Hindu, Bahai, (second row) Islamic, tribal, Taoist, Shinto (third row) Buddhist, Sikh, Hindu, Jain, (fourth row) Ayyavazhi, Triple Goddess, Maltese cross, pre-Christian Slavonic Religion is the adherence to codified beliefs and rituals that generally involve a faith in a spiritual...
Ethnic cleansing refers to various policies or practices aimed at the displacement of an ethnic group from a particular territory in order to create a supposedly ethnically pure society. ...
Combatants Lebanese Front Syria LNM PLO Commanders Bachir Gemayel Dany Chamoun Kamal Jumblatt Yasser Arafat The Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990) was a multifaceted civil war whose antecedents trace back to the conflicts and political compromises reached after the end of Lebanons administration by the Ottoman Empire. ...
Map of Lebanon. ...
Lebanon has by far the largest proportion of Christians of any Arab country, but both Christians and Muslims are sub-divided into many splinter sects. All population statistics are by necessity controversial, and all sects have a vested interest in inflating their own numbers. It is not uncommon to hear Sunnis, Shi'as and Maronites (the three largest sects) claim that their particular religious affiliation holds a majority in the country - adding up to over 150% of the total population, even before counting the other sects. One of the rare things that most Lebanese religious leaders will agree on is to avoid a new general census, out of fear that it could trigger a new round of sectarian conflict. The last official census was performed in 1932. Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box: Christianity is...
“Arab States†redirects here. ...
For people named Islam, see Islam (name). ...
Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ...
Shia Islam ( Arabic شيعى follower; English has traditionally used Shiite or Shiite) is the second largest Islamic denomination; some 20-25% of all Muslims are said to follow a Shia tradition. ...
Maronites (Marunoye ܡܪܘܢÜÜܶ; in Syriac, Mâruniyya مارونية in Arabic) are members of an Eastern Catholic Church in full communion with the Pope of Rome. ...
Image:1870 census Lindauer Weber 01. ...
Religion has traditionally been of overriding importance in defining the Lebanese population. Dividing state power between the religious sects, and granting religious authorities judicial power, dates back to Ottoman times (the millet system). The practice was reinforced during French mandate, when Christian groups were granted privileges. This system of government, while partly intended as a compromise between sectarian demands, has caused tensions that still dominate Lebanese politics to this day. The Christian population majority is believed to have ended in the early 1930s, but government leaders would agree to no change in the political power balance. This led to Muslim demands of increased representation, and the constant sectarian tension slid into violent conflict in 1958 (prompting U.S. intervention) and again in the grueling Lebanese Civil War, in 1975-90. Ottoman redirects here. ...
For other uses, see Millet (disambiguation). ...
The Lebanon crisis of 1958 was a Lebanese political crisis caused by political and religious tensions in the country. ...
Combatants Lebanese Front Syria LNM PLO Commanders Bachir Gemayel Dany Chamoun Kamal Jumblatt Yasser Arafat The Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990) was a multifaceted civil war whose antecedents trace back to the conflicts and political compromises reached after the end of Lebanons administration by the Ottoman Empire. ...
The balance of power has been slightly adjusted in the 1943 National Pact, an informal agreement struck at independence, in which positions of power were divided according to the 1932 census. The Sunni elite was then accorded more power, but Maronites continued to dominate the system. The sectarian balance was again adjusted towards the Muslim side - but simultaneously further reinforced and legitimized . Shi'a Muslims (by now the largest sect) then gained additional representation in the state apparatus, and the obligatory Christian-Muslim representation in Parliament was downgraded from a 6:5 to a 1:1 proportion. Christians of various sects were then generally thought to constitute about 40% of the population, although often Muslim leaders would cite lower numbers, and some Christians would claim that they still held a majority of the population. The National Pact is an unwritten agreement that laid the foundation of Lebanon and has shaped the country to this day. ...
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The 18 recognized sects The present Lebanese Constitution officially acknowledges 18 religious groups (see below). These have the right to handle family law according to their own courts and traditions, and they are the basic players in Lebanon's complex sectarian politics. Still, it is important to note that these groups are not internally homogeneous; for example, the Maronite, Shi'a and Druze communities have been wracked by internal fighting even in recent times. The Constitution of Lebanon was adopted on 23 May 1926. ...
Family Law was a television drama starring Kathleen Quinlan as a divorced lawyer who attempted to start her own law firm after her lawyer husband took all their old clients. ...
For the Alaouite dynasty of Morocco see:Alaouite Dynasty, for the former state now in Yemen see: Alawi (sheikhdom) The Alawi, also known as Alawites, Nusayris or Ansaris, are a Middle Eastern sect of Shia Islam[1][2] prominent in Syria The terms Alawī and Alevi, although they share...
After the Armenian Apostolic Church, along with the rest of Oriental Orthodoxy formally broke off communion from the Chalcedonian churches, numerous Armenian bishops made attempts to restore communion with the Catholic Church. ...
The Armenian Apostolic Church, sometimes called the Armenian Orthodox Church is one of the original churches, having separated from the then-still-united Roman Catholic/Byzantine Orthodox church in 506, after the Council of Chalcedon (see Oriental Orthodoxy). ...
Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box: The Assyrian Church of the East...
This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ...
Religions Coptic Orthodox Christianity, Coptic Catholicism, Protestantism Scriptures Bible Languages Mari, Coptic, Arabic, English, French, German A Copt (Coptic: , literally: Egyptian Christian) is a native Egyptian Christian. ...
Religions Druzism Scriptures Rasail al-hikmah (Epistles of Wisdom) Languages Arabic, Hebrew The Druze (Arabic: درزي, derzī or durzī, plural دروز, durūz; ‎, Druzim; also transliterated Druz or Druse) are a Middle Eastern religious community whose traditional religion is said to have begun as an offshoot of the Ismaili sect of...
Evangelicalism, in a strictly lexical, but rarely used sense, refers to all things that are implied in belief that Jesus is the savior. ...
Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ...
Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box: Baptist is...
The Seventh-day Adventist (abbreviated Adventist[1]) Church is a Christian denomination which is distinguished by its observance of Saturday, the seventh day of the week, as the Sabbath. ...
The term Eastern Rites may refer to the liturgical rites used by many ancient Christian Churches of Eastern Europe and the Middle East that, while being part of the Roman Catholic Church, are distinct from the Latin Rite or Western Church. ...
Greek Orthodox Church can refer to any of several hierarchical churches within the larger group of mutually recognizing Eastern Orthodox churches: the Orthodox Church of Constantinople, headed by the Patriarch of Constantinople, who is also the first among equals of the Eastern Orthodox Communion. ...
The Ismaili (Persian: اسماعیلیان Esmâiliyân) branch of Islam is the second largest Shia community, after the Twelvers who are dominant in Iran. ...
For other uses, see Jew (disambiguation). ...
Maronites (Marunoye ܡܪܘܢÜÜܶ; in Syriac, Mâruniyya مارونية in Arabic) are members of an Eastern Catholic Church in full communion with the Pope of Rome. ...
The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ...
Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ...
Shia Islam ( Arabic شيعى follower; English has traditionally used Shiite or Shiite) is the second largest Islamic denomination; some 20-25% of all Muslims are said to follow a Shia tradition. ...
To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
The Syriac Orthodox Church is an autocephalous Oriental Orthodox church based in the Middle East with members spread throughout the world. ...
Religious population statistics Note: stateless Palestinians and Syrians are not included in the statistics below since they do not hold Lebanese citizenship. The numbers only include the present population of Lebanon, and not the Lebanese diaspora. A stateless person is someone with no citizenship or nationality. ...
The term Palestinian has other usages, for which see definitions of Palestinian. ...
“Citizen†redirects here. ...
For other uses, see Diaspora (disambiguation). ...
The 1932 census stated that Christians made up 55% of the population. Maronites, largest among the Christian sects and then largely in control of the state apparatus, accounted for 29% of the total population. But since the 19th century, Muslim birth rates have been continually higher than Christian birth rates. Also, far larger numbers of Christians emigrated from Lebanon than Muslims. Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box: Christianity is...
Maronites (Marunoye ܡܪܘܢÜÜܶ; in Syriac, Mâruniyya مارونية in Arabic) are members of an Eastern Catholic Church in full communion with the Pope of Rome. ...
For people named Islam, see Islam (name). ...
Today, there is general consensus that Muslims constitute a solid majority of the population; the CIA world factbook estimates their share to be 60% [2]. Still, there is no single sect constituting a majority of the population by itself.
- Sunni Muslims constitute 29% of the total populations. Sunni notables traditionally held power in the Lebanese state together, and they are still the only sect eligible for the post of Prime Minister. Sunni Muslims are a majority in the Arab and Islamic world. The Sunni community is the most moderate community in Lebanon where they had not participated in the civil war while most other religions and sects were fighting. The Sunni has played a big role to relocate Lebanon as a major part in the Arab world and they always supported Palestians' issues and have defended it.
- Shi'a Muslims of the Twelver Sect constitute 29% of the total population. They have traditionally been the poorest community in Lebanon due to their high birth rates and Israeli occupation of the South. The Shi'a supported Hizbullah in its attacks on Israel ostensibly in response to alleged Israeli aggression. Most Shi'a are supported from Iran by money and weapons, and there is collaboration in their political strategies.
- The Druze are a small, tightly knit splinter sect of Shi'a Islam. Many Muslims regard them suspiciously, arguing that they are not in fact Muslims, but rather a religion in their own right - or in extreme cases, labeling them heretics. The Druze also traditionally fought with Christian Maronites over control of their home areas in the Chouf Mountain. The situation of the Druze community in Lebanon has been complicated, since they have no natural allies, and though originally a powerful sect, their numbers have today declined to just over 5% of the population. A succession of Druze leaders (most famously of the Jumblatt family) have attempted to outweigh this deficiency in numbers by a quick-footed diplomacy and alliances with stronger communities. During the Civil War, Druze leaders allied at one point or another with nearly every other party to the conflict. While there are also Druze communities in Syria and Israel, and among the populations expelled from the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights, hard political boundaries prevent extensive interaction between them.
- For information on the remaining Muslim communities, see the Isma'ili and Alawite articles. Both groups constitute less than 1% of Lebanon's population.
Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ...
This page lists prime ministers of Lebanon. ...
Shia Islam ( Arabic شيعى follower; English has traditionally used Shiite or Shiite) is the second largest Islamic denomination; some 20-25% of all Muslims are said to follow a Shia tradition. ...
Hezbollah militant Guerrilla carrying Hezbollah Flag Hezbollah (Arabic ‮حزب الله‬, meaning Party of God) is a political and military organization in Lebanon founded in 1982 to fight Israel in southern Lebanon. ...
Religions Druzism Scriptures Rasail al-hikmah (Epistles of Wisdom) Languages Arabic, Hebrew The Druze (Arabic: درزي, derzī or durzī, plural دروز, durūz; ‎, Druzim; also transliterated Druz or Druse) are a Middle Eastern religious community whose traditional religion is said to have begun as an offshoot of the Ismaili sect of...
Look up Heresy in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Chouf (also spelled Shouf, Shuf or Chuf) is a historical region of Lebanon, and also an administrative district in the governorate (mohafazat) of Mount Lebanon. ...
The Jumblatt Family (Joumblatt, Junblat, Junblatt, ...) is an influential Druze family who settled in the Lebanon mountains (coming from Syria) around the 15-16th century, fleeing persecution from the Ottoman governor. ...
The Golan Heights (‎ Ramat HaGolan, Arabic: Habat al-Å«lÄn) or Golan is a mountainous area in northeastern Israel[1] on the border of Syria, Lebanon, and Jordan. ...
The Ismaili (Persian: اسماعیلیان Esmâiliyân) branch of Islam is the second largest Shia community, after the Twelvers who are dominant in Iran. ...
For the Alaouite dynasty of Morocco see:Alaouite Dynasty, for the former state now in Yemen see: Alawi (sheikhdom) The Alawi, also known as Alawites, Nusayris or Ansaris, are a Middle Eastern sect of Shia Islam[1][2] prominent in Syria The terms Alawī and Alevi, although they share...
Christians - The Maronites are the largest of the Christian groups. They have had a long and continuous association with the Roman Catholic Church, but have their own patriarch, liturgy, and customs. Traditionally they had good relations with the Western world, especially France and the Vatican. They traditionally dominated the Lebanese government, and the President of Lebanon is always Maronite. Their influence in later years has diminished, due to their relative decrease in numbers, but also due to the Syrian occupation of Lebanon, which generally benefited Shi'a and other Muslim communities, and was resisted by most Maronites. Today the Maronites are believed to compose nearly 20% of the population, scattered around the Lebanese countryside but with heavy concentrations on Mount Lebanon and in Beirut.
- The second largest Christian group is the Greek Orthodox. The church exists in many parts of the Arab world and Greek Orthodox Christians have often been noted for pan-Arab leanings; it has had less dealings with Western countries than the Maronites. They are believed to constitute about 5% of the total population, not counting the Palestinian Greek Orthodox community.
- The remaining Christian churches are thought to constitute another 10% (350,000) of the population (Greek Catholics i.e. Melkites about 200,000, Armenian Apostolic, Armenian Catholic, Syriac Orthodox, Syriac Catholic, Assyrians, Protestants) with no single group over 5% of the total population. Please refer to their articles in the list above, for more information.
Maronites (Marunoye ܡܪܘܢÜÜܶ; in Syriac, Mâruniyya مارونية in Arabic) are members of an Eastern Catholic Church in full communion with the Pope of Rome. ...
Catholic Church redirects here. ...
This is a list of the Maronite Patriarchs of Antioch, who have led the Maronite Catholic Church, one of the Eastern Catholic Churches, in full communion with the Roman Catholic Church. ...
A liturgy is the customary public worship of a religious group, according to their particular traditions. ...
The term Western world, the West or the Occident (Latin occidens -sunset, -west, as distinct from the Orient) [1] can have multiple meanings dependent on its context (e. ...
This page lists presidents of Lebanon. ...
The Syrian occupation of Lebanon has continued for about three decades, until the present day. ...
For other uses, see Mount Lebanon (disambiguation). ...
This article is about the Lebanese city. ...
Greek Orthodox Church can refer to any of several hierarchical churches within the larger group of mutually recognizing Eastern Orthodox churches: the Orthodox Church of Constantinople, headed by the Patriarch of Constantinople, who is also the first among equals of the Eastern Orthodox Communion. ...
Pan-Arabism is a movement for unification among the Arab peoples and nations of the Middle East. ...
The Roman Catholic Church in Lebanon is part of the worldwide Roman Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope and curia in Rome. ...
Other religions Other religions account for only an estimated 1.3% of the population, according to the CIA Factbook. There remains a very small Jewish population, traditionally centered in Beirut. It has been larger - most Jews left the country after the Six Day War in 1967. Add to this some negligible numbers of native Bahá'ís, Buddhists, and Hindus, of long since-naturalized immigrant families. New immigrants from South East Asia have recently brought in larger numbers of Buddhists and Hindus, and small populations of other immigrant religions are also present. The World Factbook is an annual publication by the Central Intelligence Agency of the United States with basic almanac-style information about the various countries of the world. ...
The Lebanese Jews are traditionally a Mizrahi community living in the present-day country of Lebanon, mostly in and around the city of Beirut. ...
This article is about the Lebanese city. ...
This article is about the generally-recognized global religious community. ...
A replica of an ancient statue found among the ruins of a temple at Sarnath Buddhism is a philosophy based on the teachings of the Buddha, SiddhÄrtha Gautama, a prince of the Shakyas, whose lifetime is traditionally given as 566 to 486 BCE. It had subsequently been accepted by...
This article discusses the adherents of Hinduism. ...
Location of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. ...
The Lebanese diaspora Apart from the three and a half million citizens of Lebanon proper, there is a sizeable Lebanese diaspora. No accurate numbers are available, so estimates on the total size of the diaspora vary wildly, from conservative estimates of 4-5 million to a maximum, and probably inflated, figure of 15 million. Most Lebanese emigrants and their descendants are Christian. Lebanese Christian families are economically and politically prominent in several Latin American countries (in 2007 Mexican Carlos Slim Helú, son of Lebanese immigrants, was determined to be the wealthiest man in the World by Fortune Magazine), and make up a substantial portion of the Arab American community in the United States. The largest Lebanese diaspora is located in Brazil, where about 10 million people have Lebanese descent (see Arab Brazilian). For other uses, see Diaspora (disambiguation). ...
Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ...
Carlos Slim Helú (born January 28, 1940 in Mexico City) is a Mexican businessman of Lebanese Arab heritage[2] and the worlds richest person as of August 2007, according to Fortune magazine and the Wall Street Journal. ...
Categories: Magazines stubs | Time Warner subsidiaries | Business magazines ...
Arab Americans constitute an ethnicity made up of several waves of immigrants from 22 Morocco in the west to Oman in the east. ...
An Arab Brazilian is a Brazilian-born person of Arab descent, sometimes including other non-Arabic Middle Eastern peoples. ...
The large size of Lebanon's diaspora may be partly explained by the historical and cultural tradition of sea-faring and travelling, which stretches back to Lebanon's ancient Phoenician origins and its role as a "gateway" of relations between Europe and the Middle East. It has been commonplace for Lebanese citizens to emigrate in search of economic prosperity. Furthermore, on several occasions in the last two centuries the Lebanese population has endured periods of ethnic cleansing and displacement (for example, 1840-60 and 1975-90). These factors have contributed to the geographical mobility of the Lebanese people. Phoenicia (or Phenicia ,[1] from Biblical Phenice [1]) was an ancient civilization centered in the north of ancient Canaan, with its heartland along the coast of modern day Lebanon and Syria. ...
For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ...
A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ...
Ethnic cleansing refers to various policies or practices aimed at the displacement of an ethnic group from a particular territory in order to create a supposedly ethnically pure society. ...
While under Syrian occupation, Beirut passed legislation which prevented second-generation Lebanese of the diaspora from automatically obtaining Lebanese citizenship. This has reinforced the emigré status of many diaspora Lebanese. There is currently a campaign by those Lebanese of the diaspora who already have Lebanese citizenship to attain the vote from abroad. If suffrage was to be extended to these 1.2 million Lebanese emigré citizens, it would have a significant political effect, since as many as 80% of them are believed to be Christians. The Syrian occupation of Lebanon has continued for about three decades, until the present day. ...
This article is about the Lebanese city. ...
“Citizen†redirects here. ...
“Citizen†redirects here. ...
Civil war refugees and displaced persons With no official figures available, it is estimated that 600,000-900,000 persons fled the country during the civil war (1975-90). Although some have since returned, this permanently disturbed Lebanese population growth, and has greatly complicated demographic statistics. Combatants Lebanese Front Syria LNM PLO Commanders Bachir Gemayel Dany Chamoun Kamal Jumblatt Yasser Arafat The Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990) was a multifaceted civil war whose antecedents trace back to the conflicts and political compromises reached after the end of Lebanons administration by the Ottoman Empire. ...
Another result of the war was a large number of internally displaced persons. This especially affected the southern Shi'a community, as Israeli invasion of southern Lebanon in 1978, 1982 and 1996 prompted waves of mass emigration, in addition to the continual strain of occupation and fighting between Israel and Hizbullah (mainly 1982 to 2000). Many Shi'a resettled in hastily constructed slum suburbs south of Beirut, the so-called "belt of misery". After the war, the pace of Christian emigration accelerated, as many Christians felt discriminated against in a Lebanon under increasingly oppressive Syrian occupation. Tailor in Labuje IDP camp in Uganda An internally displaced person (IDP) is someone who has been forced to leave their home for reasons such as religious or political persecution, war or natural disaster, but has not crossed an international border. ...
Shia Islam ( Arabic شيعى follower; English has traditionally used Shiite or Shiite) is the second largest Islamic denomination; some 20-25% of all Muslims are said to follow a Shia tradition. ...
Operation Litani was the official name of the Israel Defense Forces 1978 invasion of Lebanon up to the Litani river. ...
Combatants Israel South Lebanon Army LF (nominally neutral) PLO Syria Amal (switched sides) LCP Commanders Menachem Begin (Prime Minister) Ariel Sharon, (Ministry of Defence) Rafael Eitan, (CoS) Yasser Arafat Strength Israel: 76,000 troops 800 tanks 1,500 APCs 634 aircraft Syria: 22,000 troops 352 tanks 300 APCs 450...
Qana Qana is a village located southeast of Tyre, Lebanon. ...
Israeli Security Zone - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ...
Hezbollah militant Guerrilla carrying Hezbollah Flag Hezbollah (Arabic ‮حزب الله‬, meaning Party of God) is a political and military organization in Lebanon founded in 1982 to fight Israel in southern Lebanon. ...
Languages in Lebanon Arabic (official), French (official), Armenian, English. Arabic can mean: From or related to Arabia From or related to the Arabs The Arabic language; see also Arabic grammar The Arabic alphabet, used for expressing the languages of Arabic, Persian, Malay ( Jawi), Kurdish, Panjabi, Pashto, Sindhi and Urdu, among others. ...
The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...
Population statistics
 Demographics of Lebanon, Data of FAO, year 2005 ; Number of inhabitants in thousands. - Total population: 3,826,018 (July 2005 est.)
- 0-14 years: 26.7% (male 520,270; female 499,609)
- 15-64 years: 66.4% (male 1,216,738; female 1,324,031)
- 65 years and over: 6.9% (male 120,176; female 145,194) (2005 est.)
- Total: 27.34 years
- Male: 26.28 years
- Female: 28.43 years (2005 est.)
- 1.26% (2005 est.)
- 18.88 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
- 6.24 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
- 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
- at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
- under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
- 15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female
- 65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/female
- total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
- total: 24.52 deaths/1,000 live births
- male: 27.18 deaths/1,000 live births
- female: 21.71 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
- Life expectancy at birth:
- total population: 72.63 years
- male: 70.17 years
- female: 75.21 years (2005 est.)
- 1.92 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
Possible meanings: Faro Airport (Portugal) Federation of Astrobiology Organizations Financial Aid Office Food and Agriculture Organization This page expands a three-character combination which might be any or all of: an abbreviation, an acronym, an initialism, a word in English, or a word in another language. ...
External Links
References - ^ http://magma.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0410/feature2/online_extra.html
- ^ http://countrystudies.us/lebanon/40.htm
- ^ http://magma.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0410/feature2/online_extra.html
- ^ http://countrystudies.us/lebanon/39.htm
- ^ Iraqis In Lebanon. aina.org. Retrieved on 2007-08-15.
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