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Peru is one of only three Latin American countries which have their largest population segment consisting of indigenous Amerindians, with around 45% of all Peruvians classified as such. Most are found in the southern Andes, though a large portion are also to be found in the southern and central coast due to the massive internal labor migration from remote Andean regions to coastal cities, especially Lima, during the past four decades. While the Andes are the "heart" of indigenous Peru, the country's Amazonian region represents nearly 60% of Peruvian national territory and harbors a wide variety of indigenous groups that is rivaled only by its biodiversity. These tropical lowlands, however, are sparsely populated. Peru is an extremely ethnically diverse nation with five main ethnic groups being Amerindians, Mestizos, Whites/Caucasians, followed by Africans and Asians. Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ... For other uses, see Native Americans (disambiguation). ... This article is about the mountain range in South America. ... For other uses, see Lima (disambiguation). ... A river in the Amazon rainforest The Amazon is a rainforest in South America. ... Rainforests are among the most biodiverse ecosystems on earth Biodiversity is the variation of life forms within a given ecosystem, biome or for the entire Earth. ... A Sioux in traditional dress including war bonnet, circa 1908. ... Mestizo (Brazil Portuguese. ... Look up Caucasian in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... World map showing location of Africa A satellite composite image of Africa Africa is the worlds second_largest continent in both area and population, after Asia. ... The term Asian can refer to something or someone from Asia. ...

Overview

People of Amerindian ancestry from the Peruvian Andean region.

People of white/Caucasian ancestry from the Peruvian Andean region.

Peru is a multiethnic country formed by the combination of different groups over five centuries. Amerindians inhabited Peruvian territory for several millennia before the Spanish conquest in the 16th century; infectious diseases such as smallpox (unlike the Spanish, the Amerindians had no immunity to the disease),^[1] famine, war and exploitation (the Spanish employed the pre-Columbian draft system called the mita) decreased their population from an estimated 9 million in the 1520s to around 600,000 in 1620.^[2] Spaniards and Africans arrived in large numbers under colonial rule, mixing widely with each other and with indigenous peoples. After independence, there has been a gradual European immigration from England, France, Germany, Italy, and Spain.^[3] Chinese arrived in the 1850s as a replacement for slave workers and have since become a major influence in Peruvian society.^[4] Other immigrant groups include Arabs and Japanese. Image File history File links Qichwa_conchucos_01. ... Image File history File links Qichwa_conchucos_01. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Indigenous peoples in Peru (pueblos indígenas in Spanish) comprise a large number of distinct ethnic groups who inhabited the countrys present territory prior to its discovery by Europeans around 1500. ... The Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire was a process through which a group of Spaniards led by Francisco Pizarro succeeded in toppling the Inca Empire in the early 16th-century. ... This article is about the disease. ... For other uses, see Native Americans (disambiguation). ... Mita was mandatory public service by society in ancient South America. ... The Spanish people or Spaniards are an ethnic group native to Spain, in southwestern Europe, who are primarily descended from the autochthonous pre-Indo-European Euskaldunak, Latin, Visigothic, Celtic and Moorish peoples. ... Though most indigenous Africans possess relatively dark skin, they exhibit much variation in physical appearance. ... This article deals with the European people as an ethnic group or ethnic groups. ... Languages Arabic other minority languages Religions Predominantly Sunni Islam, as well as Shia Islam, Greek Orthodoxy, Greek Catholicism, Roman Catholicism, Alawite Islam, Druzism, Ibadi Islam, and Judaism Footnotes a Mainly in Antakya. ...

At the national level, Amerindians constitute around 45% of the total population. The two major indigenous or ethnic groups are the Quechuas (belonging to various cultural subgroups), followed by the Aymaras, mostly found in the extreme southern Andes. A large proportion of the indigenous population who live in the Andean highlands still speak Quechua or Aymara, and have vibrant cultural traditions, some which were part of the Inca Empire, arguably the most advanced agricultural civilization in the world. Literally dozens of indigenous cultures are also dispersed throughout the country beyond the Andes Mountains and in the Amazon basin. Peru's Amazonian region is rapidly becoming urbanized. Important urban centers include Iquitos, Nauta, Puerto Maldonado, Pucallpa and Yurimaguas. This region is home to numerous indigenous peoples, though they do not constitute a large proportion of the total population. Examples of indigenous peoples residing in eastern Peru include the Shipibo, Urarina, Cocama, and Aguaruna, to name just a few. A Sioux in traditional dress including war bonnet, circa 1908. ... The term indigenous peoples has no universal, standard or fixed definition, but can be used about any ethnic group who inhabit the geographic region with which they have the earliest historical connection. ... An ethnic group is a group of people who identify with one another, or are so identified by others, on the basis of a boundary that distinguishes them from other groups. ... Quechua (Standard Quechua, Runasimi Language of People) is an Native American language of South America. ... The Aymara are a native ethnic group in the Andes region of South America; about 2. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Quechuan languages. ... Aymara is an Aymaran language spoken by the Aymara of the Andes. ... For the a general view of Inca civilisation, people and culture, see Incas. ... See also architecture with non-sequential dynamic execution scheduling (ANDES). ... Amazon River basin The Amazon Basin is the part of South America drained by the Amazon River and its tributaries. ... Iquitos is the largest city in the Peruvian rainforest, with a population of around 400,000. ... Nauta is a small town situated in the North of Peru, in the Peruvian Amazon roughly 100km south of the Provinces capital, Iquitos. ... Puerto Maldonado is a city in the southern parts of Peru, founded originally for the collection of wild rubber. ... Pucallpa (Quechua: puka hallpa, red earth) is a busy Amazon frontier town in Peru which sits on the banks of the Ucayali River, a major tributary which feeds the Amazon River. ... Yurimaguas is a thriving port-town[1] in the Loreto Region of northeastern Peruvian Amazonia. ... Indigenous peoples are: Peoples living in an area prior to colonization by a state Peoples living in an area within a nation-state, prior to the formation of a nation-state, but who do not identify with the dominant nation. ... Shipibo (also Shipibo-Conibo, Shipibo-Konibo) is a Panoan language spoken in Peru by approximately 26,000 speakers. ... An Indigenous Peoples of the Peruvian Amazon (Loreto), they refer to themselves as Kachá (lit. ... Aguaruna Family Chief, from the Amazonas department, Perú. The Aguaruna (or Awajún) are an indigenous people, whose cultural practices and language is very closely related to the Shuar (or Jivaro). ...

35 percent of the total population is made up of Mestizos. The term traditionally denotes Amerindian and European ancestry, and most Peruvian mestizos are of this combination, but other lineages (most notably African) are also present, in varying degrees, in some segments of the mestizo population. Most mestizos are urban dwellers and can be seen in coastal cities of the north coast, where they show stronger Spanish inheritance, the central coast like Lima Region, Cajamarca Region, and also Arequipa Region. Mestizo (Brazil Portuguese. ... Native Americans (also Indians, Aboriginal Peoples, American Indians, First Nations, Alaskan Natives, or Indigenous Peoples of America) are the indigenous inhabitants of The Americas prior to the European colonization, and their modern descendants. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... Mestizo (Brazil Portuguese. ... The Lima Region, also known as Lima Provincias, is one of twenty-five regions in Peru. ... Cajamarca is a department in Peru. ... Arequipa is a region in southwestern Peru. ...

15% of the population are descendants of Whites.^[5] They are descendants of the colonial Spanish colonizers and other European nations as British, French, German, Italian and Portuguese This article does not cite its references or sources. ...

The majority of the whites live in the largest cities, concentrated usually the northern coastal cities of Trujillo, Chiclayo, Piura, and of course the capital Lima. The only southern city with a significant population is Arequipa. To the north Cajamarca and San Martin are also cities with strong Spanish influence. Motto: La Ciudad de la Eterna Primavera (The City of Eternal Spring) Location in Peru Coordinates: Country Peru Region La Libertad Province Trujillo Province Founded 6 December 1534 Government  - Type Democracy  - Mayor César Acuña Peralta Area  - City 1,768. ... Chiclayo is a city on the northern coastal plain in Peru. ... Piura: Plaza de Armas Piura is a city in northwestern Peru. ... For other uses, see Lima (disambiguation). ... For the cactus genus, see Oreocereus. ... Aerial view of Cajamarca, with Santa Appollonia hill in foreground Cajamarca is located in the northern highlands of Peru, and is the capital of the Cajamarca region. ... San Martin may mean: San Martin, a census-designated place and an unincorporated town located in California, or San Martín Department in Peru José de San Martín, South American hero of independence This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same...

Chinatown in Lima

Alberto Fujimori is a Japanese-Peruvian who was president of Peru

There is also a large presence of Asian Peruvians, primarily Japanese and Chinese, that constitutes some 5% of the population, which in proportion to the overall population is the largest of any Latin American nation. Peru has the second largest population of people of Japanese descent in Latin America after Brazil and the largest population of Chinese descent in Latin America. Historic communities inhabited by people of Chinese descent are found throughout the Peruvian upper Amazon, including cities such as Yurimaguas, Nauta, Iquitos and the north central coast (Lambayeque and Trujillo). In contrast to the Japanese community in Peru, the Chinese appear to have intermarried much more since they came to work in the rice fields during the Viceroyalty and to replace the African slaves, during the abolition of slavery itself. Despite the presence of Peruvians of Asian heritage being quite recent, in the past decade they have made significant advancements in business and political fields; a past president (Alberto Fujimori), several past cabinet members, and several members of the Peruvian congress are of Japanese or Chinese origin. Small numbers of Arab Peruvians, mostly of Lebanese and Syrian origin, also reside. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (900x639, 152 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Chinatowns in Latin America User:JialiangGao Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (900x639, 152 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Chinatowns in Latin America User:JialiangGao Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (532x746, 322 KB) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (532x746, 322 KB) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ... Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ... A satellite image of the mouth of the Amazon River, looking south The Amazon River or River Amazon; Spanish: Río Amazonas, Portuguese: Rio Amazonas) of South America is the largest, most voluminous river on earth, having a greater total flow than the next six largest rivers combined. ... Yurimaguas is a thriving port-town[1] in the Loreto Region of northeastern Peruvian Amazonia. ... Nauta is a small town situated in the North of Peru, in the Peruvian Amazon roughly 100km south of the Provinces capital, Iquitos. ... Iquitos is the largest city in the Peruvian rainforest, with a population of around 400,000. ... Terrace of rice paddies in Yunnan Province, southern China. ... World map showing location of Africa A satellite composite image of Africa Africa is the worlds second_largest continent in both area and population, after Asia. ... Alberto Kenya Fujimori (Japanese name: Kenya Fujimori )) (born in Lima, Peru on July 28, 1938) is a Peruvian and Japanese[1] politician who served as President of Peru from July 28, 1990 to November 17, 2000. ... Languages Arabic and other minority languages Religions Sunni Islam, Shia Islam, Christianity, Druzism and Judaism Arab diaspora refers to the numbers of Arab immigrants, and their descendants, who voluntarily or as refugees emigrated from their native countries and now reside in non-Arab nations, primarily in Western countries as well...

El Señor de los Milagros Procession

Eva Ayllon is a popular Afro-Peruvian singer

The remaining 3% is constituted by Afro-Peruvians, The Afro-Peruvians, a legacy of Peru's history as an importer of slaves during the colonial period. Today also mulattos (mixed African and European) and zambos (mixed African and Amerindian) constitute an important part of the population as well, especially in Piura, Tumbes, Lambayeque, Lima and Ica regions. The Afro-Peruvian population is concentrated mostly in coastal cities south of Lima, such as that of those found in the Ica Region, in cities like Cañete, Chincha, Ica, Nazca and Acari in the border with the Arequipa Region. Another large but poorly promoted segment of Afro-Peruvian presence is in the Yunga regions (west and just below the Andean chain of northern Peru), (i.e., Piura and Lambayeque), where sugarcane, lemon, and mango production are still of importance. Important communities are found all over the Morropón Province, such as in the city of Chulucanas. Yapatera is a community in the same city, as well as smaller farming communities like Pabur or La Matanza and even in the mountainous region near Canchaque. Further south, the colonial city of Zaña or farming towns like Capote and Tuman in Lambayeque are also important regions with Afro-Peruvian presence. Image File history File links Procesión_del_Señor_de_los_Milagros. ... Image File history File links Procesión_del_Señor_de_los_Milagros. ... A procession (via Middle English processioun, French procession, derived from Latin, processio, itself from procedere, to go forth, advance, proceed) is, in general, an organized body of people advancing in a formal or ceremonial manner. ... Image File history File links Evalp. ... Image File history File links Evalp. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Mulatto (Spanish mulato, small mule, person of mixed race, mulatto, from mulo, mule, from Old Spanish, from Latin mÅ«lus. ... A representation of Zambos in Pintura de Castas during the Latin American colonial period. ... Piura: Plaza de Armas Piura is a city in northwestern Peru. ... Tumbes is a city in northwestern Peru. ... The name Lambayeque originates from Llampayec, an idol that was worshipped in northern Peru. ... For other uses, see Lima (disambiguation). ... Ica is a region in Peru. ... Cañete is a province located in southern Lima Region, Peru. ... The Chincha were a Native American people of the Andes. ... Ica Ica is a city in Peru. ... For the tectonic plate, see Nazca Plate. ... Families Tetranychidae - Spider mites Eriophyidae - Gall mites Sarcoptidae - Sarcoptic Mange mites The mites and ticks, order Acarina or Acari, belong to the Arachnida and are among the most diverse and successful of all the invertebrate groups, although some way behind the insects. ... Arequipa is a region in southwestern Peru. ... Piura: Plaza de Armas Piura is a city in northwestern Peru. ... The name Lambayeque originates from Llampayec, an idol that was worshipped in northern Peru. ... The Morropón Province is one of eight provinces of the Piura Region in Peru. ... Chulucanas is a town in Piura Region, Peru. ... La Matanza refers to a horrific massacre of mostly indegenous people of El Salvador in 1932, committed in the name of progress. ... Capote can refer to: American writer Truman Capote the 2005 film about the same, Capote (film) Spanish writer Ariel Capote A robe, generally made from blankets, blanket capote This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ... Tuman may refer to: Toman, an Iranian currency. ... The name Lambayeque originates from Llampayec, an idol that was worshipped in northern Peru. ...

Socioeconomic and cultural indicators are increasingly important as identifiers. For example, Peruvians of Amerindian descent who have adopted aspects of Hispanic culture also are beginning to consider themselves "mestizo". With economic development, access to education, intermarriage, and large-scale migration from rural to urban areas, a more homogeneous national culture is developing, mainly along the relatively more prosperous coast.

Most of Peru's population (about 50% percent) lives in the Costa (coastal area), while 36% live in the Sierra (the Andes) and only 12% in the Llanos or Amazon rain forest^{[citation needed]}. Almost one third of the nation's population lives in the Lima and Callao Metropolitan Area^{[citation needed]}. Lima is home to over 8 million Peruvians, one of South America's largest urban areas, includes the neighboring community of Callao that grown fast and expanded since the 1960s. Look up sierra in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Los Llanos (meaning the flat plains) is a vast tropical grassland plain situated at the east of the Andes in northwestern South America (Colombia and Venezuela). ... A river in the Amazon rainforest The Amazon is a rainforest in South America. ... Lima and Callao from space The Lima and Callao Metropolitan Area (Spanish: Área Metropolitana de Lima y Callao) is an area formed by the conurbation of the Peruvian cities of Lima (the nations capital) and Callao. ... For other uses, see Callao (disambiguation). ...

Language

This article does not cite any references or sources. (April 2007) Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed.

Peruvian Paso

Peru has two official languages--Spanish and the foremost indigenous language, Quechua. Spanish is used by the government and the media and in education and commerce. Amerindians who live in the Andean highlands speak Quechua and Aymara and are ethnically distinct from the diverse indigenous groups who live on the eastern side of the Andes and in the tropical lowlands adjacent to the Amazon basin. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... The Peruvian Paso is a breed of pleasure saddle horse known for its smooth ride. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Quechuan languages. ... Aymara is an Aymaran language spoken by the Aymara of the Andes. ...

Peru's distinct geographical regions are mirrored in a socioeconomic divide between the coast's mestizo-Hispanic culture and the more diverse, traditional Andean cultures of the mountains and highlands. The indigenous populations east of the Andes speak various languages and dialects. Some of these groups still adhere to traditional customs, while others have been almost completely assimilated into the mestizo-Hispanic culture.

A highland woman preparing thread for textiles

Peru's official languages are Spanish and, according to the Peruvian Constitution of 1993, Amerindian languages such as Quechua, Aymara and other such indigenous languages in areas where they predominate. Today, Spanish is spoken by some 80.3% of the population, and is the language used by government, media, and in education and formal commerce. There has been an increasing and organized effort to teach Quechua in public schools in the areas where Quechua is spoken. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1354x2032, 918 KB) Taquile, Puno, Perú. Mujer hilando Autor: Alfredobi Fecha: Agosto 2006 File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Peru Metadata This file contains additional information, probably... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1354x2032, 918 KB) Taquile, Puno, Perú. Mujer hilando Autor: Alfredobi Fecha: Agosto 2006 File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Peru Metadata This file contains additional information, probably... Amerindian languages are the native languages of the Americas. ...

According to official sources, the use of Spanish has increased while the knowledge and use of indigenous languages has decreased considerably during the last four decades (1960–2000). At the beginning of the 1960s some 39% of the total Peruvian population were registered as speakers of indigenous languages, but by the 1990s the figures show a considerable decline in the use of Quechua, Aymara and other indigenous languages, when only 28% is registered as Quechua-speaking (16% of whom are reported to be bilingual in Spanish) and Spanish-speakers increased to 72%.

For 2005, government figures place Spanish as being spoken by 80.3% of the population, but among Amerindian languages another decrease is registered. Of the indigenous languages, Quechua remains the most spoken, and even today is used by some 16.2% of the total Peruvian population, or a third of Peru's total indigenous population. The number of Aymara-speakers and other indigenous languages is placed at 3%, and foreign languages 0.2%.

The drastic decline in use and knowledge of indigenous languages is largely attributed to the recent demographic factors. The urbanization and assimilation of Peru's Amerindian plurality into the Hispanic-mestizo culture, as well as the new socioeconomic factors associated with class structure have given privilege to the use of Spanish at the expense of the Amerindian languages which were spoken by the majority of the population less than a century ago.

The major obstacle to a more widespread use of the Quechua language is the fact that multiple dialects of this language exist. The variations among these Quechua dialects are as pronounced as - for example - the differences between Spanish, Portuguese and Italian. Quechua, along with Aymara and the minor indigenous languages, was originally and remains essentially an oral language. Therefore, there is a lack of modern media which use it: for example books, newspapers, software, magazines, technical journals, etc. However, non-governmental organizations as well as state sponsored groups are involved in projects to edit and translate major works into the Quechua language; for instance, in late 2005 a superb version of Don Quixote was presented in Quechua.

The percentage of native speakers of Quechua who are illiterate has been decreasing lately, as 86.87% of the Peruvian population is literate. More encouraging, nationwide literacy rate of youth aged 15 to 24 years is 96.8%.

Education

An amerindian girl from the Andes.

Under the 1993 constitution, primary education is free and compulsory. The system is highly centralized, with the Ministry of Education appointing all public school teachers. Eighty-three percent of Peru's students attend public schools at all levels, but over 15 percent (usually the upper-classes) attend private schools if their parents can afford to pay for the tuition. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 423 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (1856 × 2629 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 423 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (1856 × 2629 pixel, file size: 1. ...

School enrollment has been rising sharply for years, due to a widening educational effort by the government and a growing school-age population. The illiteracy rate is estimated at 12.5% (17.4% for women), 28.0% in rural areas and 5.6% in urban areas. Quechua is an oral language. In some cases, in rural areas, people do not speak Spanish and therefore do not know how to read or write. Elementary and secondary school enrollment is about 7.7 million. Peru's 74 universities (1999), 39% public and 61% private institutions, enrolled about 322,000 students in 1999. World illiteracy rates by country Literacy is the ability to read and write. ...

Current (2006) Demographic data from CIA World Factbook

Demographics of Peru, Data of FAO, year 2005 ; Number of inhabitants in thousands.

Population: 25,302,893 (July 2006 est.) Image File history File links File links The following pages link to this file: Demographics of Peru ... Image File history File links File links The following pages link to this file: Demographics of Peru ... Possible meanings: Faro Airport (Portugal) Federation of Astrobiology Organizations Financial Aid Office Food and Agriculture Organization This page expands a three-character combination which might be any or all of: an abbreviation, an acronym, an initialism, a word in English, or a word in another language. ...

Age structure:
0-19 years: 30.9% (male 4,456,195/female 4,300,233)
15-64 years: 63.7% (male 9,078,123; female 8,961,981)
65 years and over: 5.3% (male 709,763; female 796,308) (2006 est.)

Population growth rate: 1.32% (2006 est.)

Birth rate: 20.48 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)

Death rate: 6.23 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)

Net migration rate: -1.01 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)

Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female
total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2006 est.)

Infant mortality rate: 30.94 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 69.84 years
male: 68.05 years
female: 71.71 years (2006 est.) This article is about the measure of remaining life. ...

Total fertility rate: 2.51 children born/woman (2006 est.)

Nationality:
noun: Peruvian(s)
adjective: Peruvian

Ethnic groups: Amerindian 45%, Mestizo 37%, White Descendants 15% (Mostly Spanish descent), black/Afro-Peruvian, Japanese, Chinese, and Arab/Middle-Eastern (although are white) 3%. Native Americans (also Indians, Aboriginal Peoples, American Indians, First Nations, Alaskan Natives, or Indigenous Peoples of America) are the indigenous inhabitants of The Americas prior to the European colonization, and their modern descendants. ... Mestizo is a Spanish term that was formerly used in the Spanish Empire and continues to be used today in Latin America to refer to people of mixed European (Spaniard) and Amerindian ancestry living in the region of Latin America. ...

Religions: Roman Catholic 81%, Seventh Day Adventist 1.4%, other Christian 0.7%, Jewish 0.01%, Buddhist 4% unspecified or none 12.9% (2003 est.) [1]

Languages: Spanish (official) 80%, Quechua (official) 16%, Aymara 2%, and a large number of minor Amazonian languages 1%

Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 87.7%
male: 93.5%
female: 82.1% (2004 est.)

See also

• Indigenous peoples in Peru
• Roman Catholicism by country

The Indigenous peoples in Peru (pueblos indígenas in Spanish) comprise a large number of distinct ethnic groups who inhabited the countrys present territory prior to its discovery by Europeans around 1500. ... Worldwide distribution of Catholic (yellow), Protestant (purple) and Orthodox (cyan) Christians relative to the total population per country. ...

References

v • d • e Demographics of South America Sovereign states Argentina · Bolivia · Brazil · Chile · Colombia · Ecuador · Guyana · Panama1 · Paraguay · Peru · Suriname · Trinidad and Tobago1 · Uruguay · Venezuela South America and Central America have an estimated population of 558 million (as of 2005) and a rate of population growth of about 0. ... This list of sovereign states, alphabetically arranged, gives an overview of states around the world with information on the extent of their sovereignty. ... Dependencies Aruba1 / Netherlands Antilles1 (Netherlands) · Falkland Islands / South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (UK) · French Guiana (France) Image File history File links South_America. ... World map of dependent territories. ... This article was imported from the CIA World Factbook and needs to be rewritten and/or reformatted in accordance with Wikipedia styles. ... Motto: Leo Terram Propriam Protegat (Latin: The Lion shall protect his own land) Official language English Capital Grytviken Commissioner Howard Pearce Area  - Total  - % water not ranked 3,093 km² - Population  - Total (2006 E)  - Density not ranked ~20 n/a; Currency GBP Time zone UTC/GMT -2 National anthem God Save... 1 Territories also in or commonly reckoned elsewhere in the Americas (North America).