The District of Columbia, founded on July 16, 1790, is a federal district as specified by the United States Constitution with limited—and sometimes contentious—local rule.
The population of the District of Columbia, as of 2003 U.S. Census Bureau estimates, is 563,384.
The University of the District of Columbia is the city's public school, and is also a historically fl college and the nation's only urban land-grant university.
District residents won the right to vote in a presidential election on March 29, 1961, to elect a board of education in 1968 and, in 1970, to elect a non-voting delegate to the House of Representatives.
In 1980, District voters approved a statehood initiative by a majority of 60 percent; delegates to a statehood constitutional convention were elected in 1981 and, in 1983, a bill for the admission of the state of New Columbia was introduced in Congress.
A seal and motto, "Justitia Omnibus" (Justice for All), are adopted for the District of Columbia.
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