City Of Edinburgh
Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Èideann
Scots: Edinburgh, Embra, Embro, Edinburrie
Auld Reekie, Athens of the North
Top: Edinburgh From The Castle Middle: Princes St Gardens Bottom: Edinburgh Castle. Edinburgh is the name of: a city in Scotland, see: Edinburgh. ... // Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. ... This article is about the Anglic language of Scotland. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2816x2112, 1788 KB) Summary View over Edinburgh from Edinburgh Castle. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x768, 262 KB)The Princes Street Gardens and some buildings -- L to R, Scott Monument, North British Hotel, Nelsons Monument & the City Observatory on Calton Hill, two bridges (Waverley in the foreground, North in the back), rooftops of Waverley Station... Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ...
City Of Edinburgh shown within the City of Edinburgh
Area[1]	100 sq mi (259 km²)
Population	448,624 (2001 Census)
Urban	1,250,000
OS grid reference	NT275735
- London	332 miles (535 km) SSE
Council area	City of Edinburgh
Lieutenancy area	Edinburgh
Constituent country	Scotland
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	EDINBURGH
Postcode district	EH1-EH13; EH14 (part); EH15-EH17
Dialling code	0131
Police	Lothian and Borders
Fire	Lothian and Borders
Ambulance	Scottish
European Parliament	Scotland
UK Parliament	Edinburgh South
	Edinburgh West
	Edinburgh South West
	Edinburgh North and Leith Edinburgh East
Scottish Parliament	Edinburgh North and Leith
	Edinburgh Central
	Edinburgh East and Musselburgh Edinburgh Pentlands Edinburgh South Edinburgh West Lothians
List of places: UK • Scotland • Edinburgh

Coordinates: 55°56′58″N 3°09′37″W / 55.949556, -3.160288 Image File history File links Red_pog. ... City of Edinburgh (Mòr-bhaile Dhùn Èideann in Gaelic) is one of 32 unitary council regions in Scotland. ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ... UK Census 2001 logo A nationwide census, commonly known as Census 2001, was conducted in the United Kingdom on Sunday 29 April 2001. ... Cities with at least a million inhabitants in 2006 An urban area is an area with an increased density of human-created structures in comparison to the areas surrounding it. ... The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using latitude or longitude. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... A modern compass card. ... For local government purposes, Scotland is divided into 32 areas designated as Council Areas of Scotland which are all governed by unitary authorities designated as Councils which have the option under the Local Government (Gaelic Names) (Scotland) Act 1997 (as chosen by Na h-Eileanan an Iar) of being known... Location Geography Area Ranked 23rd  - Total 264 km²  - % Water  ? Admin HQ Edinburgh ISO 3166-2 GB-EDH ONS code 00QP Demographics Population Ranked 2nd  - Total (2005) 457,830  - Density 1,734 / km² Scottish Gaelic  - Total () {{{Scottish council Gaelic Speakers}}} Politics Edinburgh City Council http://www. ... The Lieutenancy areas of Scotland are the areas used for the ceremonial lords-lieutenant, the monarchs representatives, in Scotland. ... // Constituent country is a phrase used, often by official institutions, in contexts in which a historical, currently non-legally officially recognised country makes up a part of a larger entity or grouping. ... This article is about the country. ... This list of sovereign states, alphabetically arranged, gives an overview of states around the world with information on the extent of their sovereignty. ... A post town is a required part of all UK postal addresses. ... UK postal codes are known as postcodes. ... The EH postcode area, also known as the Edinburgh postcode area[2], is a group of postal districts around Balerno, Bathgate, Boness, Bonnyrigg, Broxburn, Currie, Dalkeith, Dunbar, East Linton, Edinburgh, Gorebridge, Gullane, Haddington, Heriot, Humbie, Innerleithen, Juniper Green, Kirkliston, Kirknewton, Lasswade, Linlithgow, Livingston, Loanhead, Longniddry, Musselburgh, Newbridge, North Berwick... +44 redirects here. ... There are a number of policing agencies in the United Kingdom. ... Lothian and Borders Police is the police force for the Scottish council areas of the City of Edinburgh, East Lothian, Midlothian, Scottish Borders and West Lothian. ... A Fire Appliance belonging to the Greater Manchester Fire and Rescue Service The fire service in the United Kingdom has undergone dramatic changes since the beginning of the 21st century, a process that has been propelled by a devolution of central government powers, new legislation and a change to operational... Lothian and Borders Fire and Rescue Service is the statutory fire and rescue service covering a total area 2,500 square miles and serving a total population of 890,000. ... Two Mercedes-Benz Sprinter-based ambulances of the Scottish Ambulance Service The Scottish Ambulance Service serves all of Scotland and is a special health board funded directly by the health department of the Scottish Executive. ... This is a list of Members of the European Parliament for the United Kingdom in the 2004 to 2009 session, ordered by name. ... Scotland constitutes a single constituency of the European Parliament. ... The United Kingdom House of Commons is made up of Members of Parliament (MPs). ... Edinburgh South is a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, first used in the general election of 1885. ... Edinburgh West has been a constituency of the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 1885. ... Edinburgh South West is a constituency to be represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. ... Edinburgh North and Leith is a constituency of the House of Commons of the UK Parliament. ... Edinburgh East is a constituency to be represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament. ... For the national legislative body up to 1707, see Parliament of Scotland. ... Edinburgh North and Leith is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament. ... Edinburgh Central is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament (Holyrood). ... Edinburgh East and Musselburgh is a constituency represented in the Scottish Parliament. ... Edinburgh Pentlands is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament (Holyrood). ... Edinburgh South is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament. ... Edinburgh West is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament. ... The Lothians is one of the eight electoral regions of the Scottish Parliament which were created in 1999. ... List of burghs in Scotland List of cities in the United Kingdom Lists of places within Scottish regions List of places in Orkney List of places in Shetland List of places in the Borders region of Scotland List of places in the Central region of Scotland List of places in... Edinburgh is divided into areas that generally encompass a park (or green), a high street (i. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...

Edinburgh ((listen), pronounced /ˈɛdɪnb(ə)rə/; Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Èideann) is the capital of Scotland, is its second largest city after Glasgow which is situated 45 miles (72 km) to the west, is one of Scotland's 32 local government council areas and is the seventh largest city in the United Kingdom. // Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. ... Not to be confused with capitol. ... This article is about the country. ... Cathedral city redirects here. ... For other uses, see Glasgow (disambiguation). ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... The council areas of Scotland form the local government areas of Scotland, all of them unitary authorities. ...

Located in the south-east of Scotland, Edinburgh lies on the east coast of Scotland's Central Belt, along the Firth of Forth, near the North Sea. Owing to its rugged setting and vast collection of Medieval and Georgian architecture, including numerous stone tenements, it is often considered one of the most picturesque cities in Europe. Not to be confused with Central Lowlands. ... The Firth of Forth from Calton Hill The Forth Bridges cross the Firth Satellite photo of the Firth and the surrounding area Map of the Firth Firth of Forth (Scottish Gaelic: Linne Foirthe) is the estuary or firth of Scotlands River Forth, where it flows into the North Sea... The North Sea is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, located between the coasts of Norway and Denmark in the east, the coast of the British Isles in the west, and the German, Dutch, Belgian and French coasts in the south. ... A Georgian house in Salisbury For the unrelated architecture of the country Georgia, see Architecture of Georgia (country). ... An apartment building, block of flats or tenement is a multi-unit dwelling made up of several (generally four or more) apartments (US) or flats (UK). ... Picturesque is an aesthetic ideal first introduced into English cultural debate in 1782 by William Gilpin in , a practical book which instructed Englands leisured travelers to examine the face of a country by the rules of picturesque beauty. Picturesque, along with the aesthetic and cultural strands of Gothic and...

It forms the City of Edinburgh council area; the city council area includes urban Edinburgh and a 30-square-mile (78 km²) rural area. The 32 council areas of Scotland form the local government areas of Scotland, all of them unitary authorities. ... City of Edinburgh (Mòr-bhaile Dhùn Èideann in Gaelic) is one of 32 unitary council regions in Scotland. ...

It has been the capital of Scotland since 1437 (replacing Scone) and is the seat of the Scottish Parliament. The city was one of the major centres of the Enlightenment, led by the University of Edinburgh, earning it the nickname Athens of the North. The Old Town and New Town districts of Edinburgh were listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995. There are over 4,500 listed buildings within the city.^[2] In the census of 2001, Edinburgh had a total resident population of 448,625. For the foodstuff see Scone (bread). ... For the national legislative body up to 1707, see Parliament of Scotland. ... The word Enlightment redirects here. ... The University of Edinburgh (Scottish Gaelic: ), founded in 1582,[4] is a renowned centre for teaching and research in Edinburgh, Scotland. ... The Old Town of Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. ... Edinburghs New Town, viewed from Edinburgh Castle. ... UNESCO logo UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ... A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a specific site (such as a forest, mountain, lake, desert, monument, building, complex, or city) that has been nominated and confirmed for inclusion on the list maintained by the international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, composed of 21 State... Buckingham Palace, a Grade I listed building. ... A nationwide census, commonly known as Census 2001, was conducted in the United Kingdom on Sunday 29 April 2001. ...

Edinburgh is well-known for the annual Edinburgh Festival, a collection of official and independent festivals held annually over about four weeks from early August. The number of visitors attracted to Edinburgh for the Festival is roughly equal to the settled population of the city. The most famous of these events are the Edinburgh Fringe (the largest performing arts festival in the world), the Edinburgh International Festival, the Edinburgh Military Tattoo, the Edinburgh International Film Festival, and the Edinburgh International Book Festival. There is no one Edinburgh Festival but those using the term are usually referring to the collection of various festivals in August and early September of each year in Edinburgh, Scotland. ... A street performer on the Royal Mile, with volunteer (2004). ... The Edinburgh International Festival is a festival of performing arts that takes place in the city of Edinburgh, Scotland, over three weeks from around the middle of August. ... The 2005 Edinburgh Military Tattoo celebrated Trafalgar 200 The Edinburgh Military Tattoo is a show given by military bands and display teams in the Scottish capital Edinburgh. ... The Edinburgh International Film Festival or EIFF has moved date and will now take place in June. ... The Edinburgh International Book Festival is a book festival that takes place in the last three weeks in August (coinciding with the general Edinburgh Festival) in Charlotte Square in the centre of Edinburgh. ...

Other notable events include the Hogmanay street party (31 December), Burns Night (25 January), St. Andrew's Day (November 30), and the Beltane Fire Festival (30 April). Hogmanay (pronounced — with the main stress on the last syllable - hog-muh-NAY) is the Scots word for the last day of the year and is synonymous with the celebration of the New Year (Gregorian calendar) in the Scottish manner. ... is the 365th day of the year (366th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... A Burns Supper is a celebration of the life and poetry of the poet Robert Burns, author of the version of the Scots song Auld Lang Syne, which is generally sung at Hogmanay and other New Year celebrations around the English-speaking world. ... is the 25th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... St. ... is the 334th day of the year (335th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Beltane Fire Festival is an annual event, held on April 30th on Calton Hill in Edinburgh to celebrate the coming of the Gaelic cross-quarter day of Beltane (May 1). ... is the 120th day of the year (121st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

The city is one of Europe's major tourist destinations, attracting around 13 million visitors a year, and is the second most visited tourist destination in the United Kingdom, after London.^[3] The ruins of Melrose Abbey, Scottish Borders Scotland is a well-developed tourist destination, with tourism generally being responsible for sustaining 200,000 jobs mainly in the service sector, with tourist spending averaging at £4bn per year [1]. Tourists from the United Kingdom make up the bulk of visitors to... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ...

History

An 1802 illustration of Edinburgh from the West.

See Timeline of Edinburgh history Year 1802 (MDCCCII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... This article is intended to show a timeline of the history of Edinburgh, Scotland up to the present day. ...

Please help improve this article or section by expanding it. Further information might be found on the talk page or at requests for expansion. (February 2008)

Edinburgh started as a fort named Castle Rock (an easily defended position). However, in the 7th century, England captured this location and named it Eiden's burgh (burgh is an old word for fort). In the 10th century, the Scots again recaptured this position. Then in the 12th century a small town flourished called Edinburgh. Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ...

Etymology

Edinburgh viewed from the Castle

Main article: Etymology of Edinburgh

The origin of the city's name in English is understood to come from the Brythonic Din Eidyn (Fort of Eidyn) from the time when it was a Gododdin hillfort.^[4] In the 1st century the Romans recorded the Votadini as a Brythonic tribe in the area, and about AD 600 the poem Y Gododdin, using the Brythonic form of that name, describes warriors feasting "in Eidin's great hall".^[4] Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2816x2112, 1788 KB) Summary View over Edinburgh from Edinburgh Castle. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2816x2112, 1788 KB) Summary View over Edinburgh from Edinburgh Castle. ... The Etymology of Edinburgh shows that the origin of the citys name is understood to come from the Brythonic Din Eidyn (Fort of Eidyn) from the time when it was a Gododdin hillfort. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... The Brythonic languages (or Brittonic languages) form one of the two branches of the Insular Celtic language family. ... Gododdin (pronounced god-o-th-in), or Guotodin (Votadini in Latin), refers to both the people and to the region of a Dark Ages Brythonic kingdom south of the Firth of Forth, extending from the Stirling area to the Northumberland kingdom of Brynaich, and including what are now the Lothian... The term hill fort is commonly used by archeologists to describe fortified enclosures located to exploit a rise in elevation for defensive advantage. ... For other uses, see Roman Empire (disambiguation). ... The Votadini (the WotādÄ«nÄ«, or VotādÄ«nÄ«) were a people of the Iron Age in Great Britain, and their territory was briefly part of the Roman province Britannia. ... Brython and Brythonic are terms which refer to indigenous, pre-Roman, Celtic speaking inhabitants of most of the island of Great Britain, and their cultures and languages, the Brythonic languages. ... AD redirects here. ... Y Gododdin (The Gododdin), attributed to the 7th century poet Aneirin, is a series of 99 elegies to the men of the kingdom of Gododdin in north-eastern Britain who fell in the battle of Catraeth, thought to be Catterick in North Yorkshire, against the Angles, ca. ...

Detail of the Hereford Mappa Mundi, Edinburgh is clearly labeled on this T and O map of the British isles from c. 1300

It came to be known to the English, the Bernician Angles, as Edin-burh, which some people once believed derived from the Old English for "Edwin's fort", with a reference to the 7th century king Edwin of Northumbria. However, since the name apparently predates King Edwin, this is highly unlikely. The burgh element means "fortress" or "walled group of buildings", i.e. a town or city and is akin to the German burg, Latin parcus, Greek πύργος (pyrgos) etc. Burh is simply a translation of Brythonic Din; Edin is untranslated. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1407x1146, 380 KB) http://www. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1407x1146, 380 KB) http://www. ... The Hereford Mappa Mundi is a T and O map dating to ca. ... Earliest printed example of a classical T and O map (by Guntherus Ziner, Augsburg, 1472), illustrating the first page of chapter XIV of the Etymologiae. ... Bernicia was an Anglo-Saxon kingdom established by Anglian settlers of the 6th century in what is now the South-East of Scotland, and the North-East of England. ... White cliffs of Dover in England White cliffs of Rugen down the Baltic coast from Schleswig The Angles is a modern English word for a Germanic-speaking people who took their name from the cultural ancestor of Angeln, a modern district located in Schleswig, Germany. ... Old English (also called Anglo-Saxon[1], Old English: ) is an early form of the English language that was spoken in parts of what is now England and southern Scotland between the mid-fifth century and the mid-twelfth century. ... Saint Edwin (alternately Eadwine or Æduini) (c. ... A sign in Linlithgow, Scotland. ... For other uses, see Latins and Latin (disambiguation). ...

Other names

The city is affectionately nicknamed Auld Reekie^[5] (Scots for Old Smoky), because when buildings were heated by coal and wood fires, chimneys would spew thick columns of smoke into the air. It has also been known as "Embray"^[6] or "Embro" [3] as in Robert Garioch's Embro to the Ploy[4] This article is about the Anglic language of Scotland. ... Coal Example chemical structure of coal Coal is a fossil fuel formed in ecosystems where plant remains were saved by water and mud from oxidization and biodegradation. ... Robert Garioch Sutherland, (9 May 1909 – 26 April 1981), was a Scottish poet and translator. ...

Some have called Edinburgh the Athens of the North and Auld Greekie for its intellectual history, and for its topography, with the Old Town of Edinburgh performing a similar role to the Athenian Acropolis.^[7] Edinburgh is also known by several Latin names; Aneda or Edinensis, the latter can be seen inscribed on many educational buildings.^{[8][9][10][11][12]} This article is about the capital of Greece. ... The Acropolis of Athens, seen from the hill of the Pnyx to the west. ...

Edinburgh has also been known as Dunedin, deriving from the Scottish Gaelic, Dùn Èideann. Dunedin, New Zealand, was originally called "New Edinburgh" and is still nicknamed the "Edinburgh of the South". The Scots poets Robert Burns and Robert Fergusson sometimes used the city's Latin name, Edina. Ben Jonson described it as Britain's other eye,^[13] and Sir Walter Scott referred to the city as yon Empress of the North.^[14] Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. ... Alternative meanings at Dunedin (disambiguation) Dunedin is the second-largest city in the South Island of New Zealand, located in coastal Otago. ... For other persons named Robert Burns, see Robert Burns (disambiguation). ...   Statue of Fergusson on Edinburghs Royal Mile Robert Fergusson (September 5, 1750 - October 16, 1774), Scottish poet, son of Sir William Fergusson, a clerk in the British Linen Company, was born at Edinburgh. ... For other persons of the same name, see Ben Johnson (disambiguation). ... For the first Premier of Saskatchewan see Thomas Walter Scott Sir Walter Scott (August 14, 1771 - September 21, 1832) was a prolific Scottish historical novelist and poet popular throughout Europe. ...

Panorama of the Old Town and Southside of Edinburgh from the Nelson monument. Panorama was originally coined by the Irish painter Robert Barker to describe his panoramic paintings of Edinburgh.

Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (3701x500, 690 KB) A panoramic view of Edinburgh from the Nelson monument. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (3701x500, 690 KB) A panoramic view of Edinburgh from the Nelson monument. ... This article is an overview of the term Panorama. ...

Areas

Map of the city, showing New and Old Towns

Main article: Areas of Edinburgh

The Edinburgh New Town is a neo-classical masterpiece. ... The Old Town of Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. ... Edinburgh is divided into areas that generally encompass a park (or green), a high street (i. ...

Areas of the centre

The historic centre of Edinburgh is divided into two by the broad green swath of Princes Street Gardens. To the south the view is dominated by Edinburgh Castle, perched atop the extinct volcanic crag, and the long sweep of the Old Town trailing after it along the ridge. To the north lies Princes Street and the New Town. The gardens were begun in 1816 on bogland which had once been the Nor Loch. Princes Street Gardens is in Edinburgh, Scotland in the shadow of Edinburgh Castle which was once the sewage system, called the Nor Loch, for the city whos population lived in what modern times would call highrise flats (apartments). ... The castle dominates the Edinburgh skyline as seen here from Princes Street Gardens Edinburgh Castle is an ancient fortress which, from its position atop Castle Rock, dominates the sky-line of the city of Edinburgh, and is Scotlands second most visited tourist attraction, after the Kelvingrove Art Gallery and... The Old Town of Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. ... Princes Street, as viewed facing west from the Scott Monument Princes Street and the Castle at twilight Princes Street is the main shopping street in Edinburgh city centre, although it was originally designed to be a residential street. ... The Edinburgh New Town is a neo-classical masterpiece. ... Lütt-Witt Moor, a bog in Henstedt-Ulzburg in northern Germany. ... Edinburgh Castle with the Nor Loch in foreground, around 1780 by Alexander Nasmyth The Nor Loch, sometimes referred to in English as the North Loch, was a body of water formerly in Edinburgh, in the area now occupied by Princes Street Gardens, which lies between the Royal Mile and Princes...

A 19th century view of Holyrood Palace from Calton Hill.

To the immediate west of the castle lies the financial district, housing insurance and banking buildings. Probably the most noticeable building here is the circular sandstone building that is the Edinburgh International Conference Centre. Image File history File links Holyrood Palace from Calton Hill by James Valentine. ... Image File history File links Holyrood Palace from Calton Hill by James Valentine. ... A 19th century view of Holyrood Palace from Calton Hill. ... Calton hill is a Site of Special Scientific Interest in Derbyshire, showing Olivine Diorite magma chamber. ... The Edinburgh International Conference Centre building in the west of the city The Edinburgh International Conference Centre, or EICC for short, is the principal convention and conference centre in Edinburgh. ...

Old Town

Main article: Old Town, Edinburgh

Looking northeast across part of Princes Street Gardens

The Old Town has preserved its medieval plan and many Reformation-era buildings. One end is closed by the castle and the main artery, the Royal Mile, leads away from it; minor streets (called closes or wynds) lead downhill on either side of the main spine in a herringbone pattern. Large squares mark the location of markets or surround public buildings such as St Giles Cathedral and the Law Courts. Other notable places nearby include the Royal Museum of Scotland, Surgeons' Hall and McEwan Hall. The street layout is typical of the old quarters of many northern European cities, and where the castle perches on top of a rocky crag (the remnants of an extinct volcano) the Royal Mile runs down the crest of a ridge from it. The Old Town of Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x768, 262 KB)The Princes Street Gardens and some buildings -- L to R, Scott Monument, North British Hotel, Nelsons Monument & the City Observatory on Calton Hill, two bridges (Waverley in the foreground, North in the back), rooftops of Waverley Station... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x768, 262 KB)The Princes Street Gardens and some buildings -- L to R, Scott Monument, North British Hotel, Nelsons Monument & the City Observatory on Calton Hill, two bridges (Waverley in the foreground, North in the back), rooftops of Waverley Station... Princes Street Gardens is in Edinburgh, Scotland in the shadow of Edinburgh Castle which was once the sewage system, called the Nor Loch, for the city whos population lived in what modern times would call highrise flats (apartments). ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times. ... The Protestant Reformation was a movement which began in the 16th century as a series of attempts to reform the Roman Catholic Church, but ended in division and the establishment of new institutions, most importantly Lutheranism, Reformed churches, and Anabaptists. ... Much of the Royal Mile is cobbled, as seen in this view looking east down the High Street past the old Tron Kirk. ... St Giles Cathedral A prominent feature of the Edinburgh skyline, St Giles Cathedral decorates the midpoint of the Royal Mile with its rounded hollow-crown tower. ... The Courts of Scotland are the civil, criminal and heraldic courts responsible for the administration of justice in Scotland. ... The main hall of The Royal Museum of Scotland The Royal Museum of Scotland is a museum on Chambers Street, in Edinburgh, Scotland. ...

The Royal Mile in the Old Town during the Edinburgh Festival

Due to space restrictions imposed by the narrowness of the "tail," the Old Town became home to some of the earliest "high rise" residential buildings. Multi-storey dwellings known as lands were the norm from the 1500s onwards with ten and eleven stories being typical and one even reaching fourteen stories. Additionally, numerous vaults below street level were inhabited to accommodate the influx of mainly Irish immigrants during the Industrial Revolution. These continue to fuel legends of an underground city to this day.^[15] Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1772x2362, 1412 KB) Royal Mile in Edinburgh. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1772x2362, 1412 KB) Royal Mile in Edinburgh. ... Much of the Royal Mile is cobbled, as seen in this view looking east down the High Street past the old Tron Kirk. ... There is no one Edinburgh Festival but those using the term are usually referring to the collection of various festivals in August and early September of each year in Edinburgh, Scotland. ... A Watt steam engine, the steam engine that propelled the Industrial Revolution in Britain and the world. ... Part of Montreals underground city, a concourse in Bonaventure metro station, showing directional signs leading to buildings accessible through the underground city An underground city is a network of tunnels that connect buildings, usually in the downtown area of a city. ...

New Town

Main article: New Town, Edinburgh

View over Auld Reekie, with the Dugald Stewart Monument in the foreground

The New Town was an 18th century solution to the problem of an increasingly crowded Old Town. The city had remained incredibly compact, confined to the ridge running down from the castle. In 1766 a competition to design the New Town was won by James Craig, a 22-year-old architect. The plan that was built created a rigid, ordered grid, which fitted well with enlightenment ideas of rationality. The principal street was to be George Street, which follows the natural ridge to the north of the Old Town. Either side of it are the other main streets of Princes Street and Queen Street. Princes Street has since become the main shopping street in Edinburgh, and few Georgian buildings survive on it. Linking these streets were a series of perpendicular streets. At the east and west ends are St. Andrew Square and Charlotte Square respectively. The latter was designed by Robert Adam and is often considered one of the finest Georgian squares in the world. Bute House, the official residence of the First Minister of Scotland, is on the north side of Charlotte Square. The Edinburgh New Town is a neo-classical masterpiece. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2816x2112, 1081 KB) Summary View over Edinburgh from Calton Hill. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2816x2112, 1081 KB) Summary View over Edinburgh from Calton Hill. ... Dougald Stewart Monument The Dugald Stewart Monument is a memorial to the Scottish philosopher Dugald Stewart. ... James Craig (1744-1795) was a Scottish architect. ... The word Enlightment redirects here. ... Situated to the north of Princes Street, George Street is a major street in the centre of Edinburgh. ... Princes Street, as viewed facing west from the Scott Monument Princes Street and the Castle at twilight Princes Street is the main shopping street in Edinburgh city centre, although it was originally designed to be a residential street. ... St Andrew Square is a square in Edinburgh, Scotland, part of the New Town, designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. ... Bute House in Charlotte Square, official residence of the First Minister of Scotland Charlotte Square is a street in Edinburgh, Scotland part of the New Town, designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. ... Robert Adam Robert Adam (3 July 1728 - 3 March 1792) was a Scottish architect, interior designer and furniture designer, born in Kirkcaldy, Fife, Scotland. ... Bute House is the official residence of the First Minister of Scotland, who is the head of the Scottish Executive, the countrys devolved government created in 1999. ... The First Minister of Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: ; Scots: ) is, in practice, the political leader of Scotland, as head of Scotlands national devolved government, the Scottish Executive, which was established in 1999 along with the Scottish Parliament. ...

Sitting in the glen between the Old and New Towns was the Nor' Loch, which had been both the city's water supply and place for dumping sewage. By the 1820s it was drained. Some plans show that a canal was intended, but Princes Street Gardens were created instead. Excess soil from the construction of the buildings was dumped into the loch, creating what is now The Mound. In the mid-19th century the National Gallery of Scotland and Royal Scottish Academy Building were built on The Mound, and tunnels to Waverley Station driven through it. Look up glen in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Sewage is the mainly liquid waste containing some solids produced by humans which typically consists of washing water, faeces, urine, laundry waste and other material which goes down drains and toilets from households and industry. ... For other uses, see Canal (disambiguation). ... Princes Street Gardens is in Edinburgh, Scotland in the shadow of Edinburgh Castle which was once the sewage system, called the Nor Loch, for the city whos population lived in what modern times would call highrise flats (apartments). ... View across Loch Lomond, towards Ben Lomond. ... The Mound is an artificial hill in central Edinburgh, Scotland, which connects Edinburghs New Town and its Old Town. ... The National Gallery of Scotland viewed from the south in front of the Royal Scottish Academy and Princes Street The National Gallery of Scotland, viewed from the north The Entrance of National Gallery of Scotland Montagne Sainte-Victoire by Paul Cézanne (1839-1906) Mrs Robert Scott Moncrieff by Sir... Categories: Stub | Edinburgh ... Waverley railway station- the principal mainline station in Edinburgh viewed from Edinburgh Castle. ...

The Mound, Edinburgh

The New Town was so successful that it was extended greatly. The grid pattern was not maintained, but rather a more picturesque layout was created. Today the New Town is considered by many to be one of the finest examples of Georgian architecture and planning in the world. ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (2288x1712, 1324 KB) Summary The headquarters of the Bank of Scotland in Edinburgh. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (2288x1712, 1324 KB) Summary The headquarters of the Bank of Scotland in Edinburgh. ... A Georgian house in Salisbury For the unrelated architecture of the country Georgia, see Architecture of Georgia (country). ...

South side

A popular residential part of the city is its south side, comprising a number of areas including Saint Leonards, Marchmont, Haymarket, Polwarth, Newington, Sciennes, The Grange, Bruntsfield, Morningside, and Merchiston. "South side" is broadly analogous to the area covered by the Burgh Muir, and grew in popularity as a residential area following the opening of the South Bridge. These areas are particularly popular with families (many well-regarded^{[citation needed]} state and private schools are located here), students (the central University of Edinburgh campus is based around George Square just north of Marchmont and the Meadows, and Napier University has major campuses around Merchiston & Morningside), and with festival-goers. These areas are also the subject of fictional work: Ian Rankin's Inspector Rebus lives in Marchmont and worked in St Leonards; and Morningside is the home of Muriel Spark's Miss Jean Brodie. Today, the literary connection continues, with the area being home to the authors J. K. Rowling, Ian Rankin, and Alexander McCall Smith. St Leonards is the name of several places: In the United Kingdom: St Leonards, Buckinghamshire St Leonards, Dorset St Leonards on Sea, Sussex In Australia: St Leonards, New South Wales St Leonards, Tasmania, suburb of Launceston St Leonards, Victoria In New Zealand: St. ... Typical Marchmont tenement Marchmont is a mainly residential area of Edinburgh, Scotland. ... Haymarket is an area of Edinburgh, Scotland. ... Newington is a part of Edinburgh about 15 to 20 minutes walk to the city centre, the Royal Mile and Princes Street. ... Sciennes is an area of Edinburgh, Scotland, just south of the city centre. ... The Grange is a cricket and sports club in the Stockbridge district of Edinburgh, Scotland. ... View of Barclay Church across Bruntsfield Links Bruntsfield is an area of Edinburgh, Scotland. ... Morningside is a famously genteel area in the south-west of Edinburgh, Scotland. ... Merchiston is an wealthy area in the south-west of Edinburgh. ... The Burgh Muir was an area to the south of Edinburgh city centre upon which much of the southern portion of the city now rests, following expansions of the 18th and 19th Centuries. ... Southbridge may refer to: Southbridge, Massachusetts Southbridge (computing) This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... View across the Meadows towards Salisbury Crags (left) and Arthurs Seat The Meadows is a large public park in Edinburgh, Scotland, just to the south of the city centre. ... Ian Rankin OBE, DL. (born April 28, 1960, in Cardenden, Fife, Scotland, UK) is one of the best-selling crime writers in the United Kingdom. ... Dame Muriel Spark, DBE (February 1, 1918 – April 13, 2006) was a leading Scottish novelist. ... Joanne Jo Murray, née Rowling OBE[1] (born 31 July 1965),[2] who writes under the pen name J. K. Rowling,[3] is a British writer and author of the Harry Potter fantasy series. ... Ian Rankin OBE, DL. (born April 28, 1960, in Cardenden, Fife, Scotland, UK) is one of the best-selling crime writers in the United Kingdom. ... Ranahki 06:26, 27 April 2007 (UTC)Alexander (R.A.A.) Sandy McCall Smith, CBE, FRSE, (born August 24, 1948) is a Rhodesian-born Scottish writer and Emeritus Professor of Medical Law at the University of Edinburgh, Scotland. ...

Leith

Leith is the port of Edinburgh. It still retains a separate identity from Edinburgh, and it was a matter of great resentment when, in 1920, the burgh of Leith was merged^[16] into the county of Edinburgh. Even today the parliamentary seat is known as 'Edinburgh North and Leith'. With the redevelopment of Leith, Edinburgh has gained the business of a number of cruise liner companies which now provide cruises to Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands. Leith also has the Royal Yacht Britannia, berthed behind the Ocean Terminal as well as being home to Hibernian F.C. The Water of Leith looking upriver from the docks, with the old buildings along Leith Shore including The Kings Wark and The Old Ship Hotel and Kings Landing. ... A sign in Linlithgow, Scotland. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Legend of the Seas moored at San Diego, California A cruise ship, or less commonly cruise liner, is a passenger ship used for pleasure voyages, where the voyage itself and the amenities of the ship are considered an essential part of the experience. ... Britannia HM Yacht Britannia was the 83rd Royal Yacht since the restoration of King Charles II in 1660 (Charles II himself had 25 Royal Yachts, while five were simultaneously in service in 1831). ... Ocean Terminal in Edinburgh, Scotland is a shopping centre, designed by Terence Conran. ... This article is about the Scottish football club. ...

Viewpoints

The Scott Monument

The varied terrain of the city includes several summits which command sweeping views over Edinburgh. Scott Monument (alternate view) The Scott Monument is a victorian gothic monument to Scottish author Sir Walter Scott. ...

To the southeast of central Edinburgh stands the eminence known as Arthur's Seat, overlooking Holyroodhouse and the Old Town beside it. The crag is a collection of side vents of the main volcano on which Edinburgh is built. The volcano slipped and tipped sideways, leaving these vents as the highest points for kilometres around. Arthur's Seat is now part of Holyrood Park, originally owned by the monarch and part of the grounds of the Palace of Holyroodhouse. It contains the United Kingdom's largest concentration of geological SSSIs, as well as providing the people of Edinburgh with spectacular views of and from Arthur's Seat and somewhere to relax after a long day in the city. It is not surprising that it was in Edinburgh that James Hutton revolutionised scientific geology. Arthurs Seat on a summer evening Arthurs Seat is the main peak of the group of hills which form most of Holyrood Park, a remarkably wild piece of highland landscape in the centre of the city of Edinburgh, about a mile to the east of Edinburgh Castle. ... Holyrood Palace The Palace of Holyroodhouse, more commonly known as Holyrood Palace, originally founded as a monastery by David I of Scotland in 1128, has served as the principal residence of the Kings and Queens of Scotland since the 15th century. ... Holyrood Park is a royal park in central Edinburgh, Scotland. ... Holyrood Palace The Palace of Holyroodhouse, more commonly known as Holyrood Palace, originally founded as a monastery by David I of Scotland in 1128, has served as the principal residence of the Kings and Queens of Scotland since the 15th century. ... This article includes a list of works cited but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ... A Site of Special Scientific Interest or SSSI is a conservation designation denoting a protected area in the United Kingdom. ... James Hutton, painted by Abner Lowe. ...

To the northeast, overlooking the New Town, is Calton Hill. It is topped by an assortment of buildings and monuments: two observatories, Nelson's Monument (a tower dedicated to Admiral Horatio Nelson), the old Royal High School (once almost the home of a devolved