Edmund Georg Hermann (Yehezkel) Landau (February 14, 1877 – February 19, 1938) was a German Jew mathematician and author of over 250 papers on number theory. February 14 is the 45th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1877 (MDCCCLXXVII) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... February 19 is the 50th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Year 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Leonhard Euler is considered by many to be one of the greatest mathematicians of all time A mathematician is the person whose primary area of study and research is the field of mathematics. ... Number theory is the branch of pure mathematics concerned with the properties of numbers in general, and integers in particular, as well as the wider classes of problems that arise from their study. ...

Edmund Landau was born in Berlin to a wealthy Jewish family. His father was Leopold Landau, a gynaecologist. His mother was Johanna Jacoby from a well known German banking family. Landau studied mathematics at the University of Berlin and received his doctorate in 1899 and his habilitation (the post-doctoral qualification required in German universities) in 1901. Berlin is the capital city and one of the sixteen states of the Federal Republic of Germany. ... For other uses, see Jew (disambiguation). ... Euclid, Greek mathematician, 3rd century BC, as imagined by by Raphael in this detail from The School of Athens. ... There is no institution called the University of Berlin, but there are four universities in Berlin, Germany: Humboldt University of Berlin (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin) Technical University of Berlin (Technische Universität Berlin) Free University of Berlin (Freie Universität Berlin) Berlin University of the Arts (Universität der... Year 1899 (MDCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ... Habilitation is the highest academic degree a person can achieve by his/her own pursuit. ... 1901 (MCMI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ...

Landau taught at the University of Berlin from 1899 until 1909 and held a chair at the University of Göttingen from 1909 until he was forced out by the Nazi regime in 1933. Thereafter he lectured only outside of Germany. Berlin is the capital city and one of the sixteen states of the Federal Republic of Germany. ... The Georg-August University of Göttingen (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, often called the Georgia Augusta) was founded in 1734 by George II, King of Great Britain and Elector of Hanover, and opened in 1737. ... National Socialism redirects here. ...

In 1903 Landau gave a much simpler proof than was then known of the prime number theorem and later presented the first systematic treatment of analytic number theory in the Handbuch der Lehre von der Verteilung des Primzahlen, or simply the Handbuch. He also made important contributions to complex analysis. In number theory, the prime number theorem (PNT) describes the approximate, asymptotic distribution of the prime numbers. ... Analytic number theory is the branch of number theory that uses methods from mathematical analysis. ... Complex analysis is the branch of mathematics investigating functions of complex numbers, and is of enormous practical use in many branches of mathematics, including applied mathematics. ...

Hardy wrote that no one was ever more passionately devoted to mathematics than Landau. This is amply evidenced by his books on the axiomatic foundations of analysis and number theory. G. H. Hardy Professor Godfrey Harold Hardy FRS (February 7, 1877 – December 1, 1947) was a prominent English mathematician, known for his achievements in number theory and mathematical analysis. ...

See also

• Landau's function
• Landau's problems
• Landau's symbol (Big O notation)

Landaus function g(n) is defined for every natural number n to be the largest order of an element of the symmetric group Sn. ... At the 1912 International Congress of Mathematicians in Cambridge, Edmund Landau listed four basic problems about primes. ... Big O notation or Big Oh notation, and also Landau notation or asymptotic notation, is a mathematical notation used to describe the asymptotic behavior of functions. ...

Translated Works

• Foundations of Analysis, Chelsea Pub Co. ISBN 0-8218-2693-X.
• Differential and Integral Calculus, American Mathematical Society. ISBN 0-8218-2830-4.
• Elementary Number Theory, American Mathematical Society. ISBN 0-8218-2004-4.

External links

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to:

Edmund Landau

• O'Connor, John J., and Edmund F. Robertson. "Edmund Landau". MacTutor History of Mathematics archive.
• Edmund Landau at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
• Biography at the Hebrew University
• Edmund Landau: The Master Rigorist by Eli Maor, Trigonometric Delights, page 192.