Drag queens like these embody femininity to an exaggerated degree.

Effeminacy is a trait in males that generally contradicts traditional male (masculine) gender roles. It is a term frequently applied to femininity; or womanly behaviour, demeanour, and appearance displayed by a man. Generally, the description is applied to individuals, but may be used to describe entire societies as an inflammatory allegation. Although in the Western tradition, as described below, effeminacy has often been considered a vice, indicative of other negative character traits and often involving a perjorative insinuation of homosexual tendencies, in other societies men who do not conform to male gender roles may have have a special social function, as is the case of Two-Spirits in some Native American groups. Furthermore, in contemporary culture, effeminacy has come to be seen by some to be simply one characteristic or trait which might be a part of a particular person's "gender role", and in this sense would not be considered a vice or indicative of any other characteristics. An effeminate man is similar to a Fop or a Dandy, though these tend to be archaic identities that are taken on by the individual rather than insulting labels. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 393 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (1311 × 1999 pixel, file size: 1,017 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Effeminacy ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 393 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (1311 × 1999 pixel, file size: 1,017 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Effeminacy ... Well-known drag artist Lypsinka. ... The word masculine can refer to: the property of being biologically male masculinity, a traditionally male gender role the masculine grammatical gender This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... A bagpiper in Scottish military clan-uniform. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Vice is a practice or habit that is considered immoral, depraved, and/or degrading in the associated society. ... In biology, a trait or character is a genetically inherited feature of an organism. ... Since its coinage, the word homosexuality has acquired multiple meanings. ... Berdache (from French, from Arabic bardajo meaning kept boy) is a generic term used by some for a third gender (woman-living-man) among many, if not most, Native American tribes. ... Look up Characteristic in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... FOP (Formatting Objects Processor) is an XSL-FO processor written in Java, which provides the feature to convert XSL-FO files to PDF or direct-printable-files. ... Sporty Parisian dandies of the 1830s: a girdle helped one achieve this silhouette. ...

Societal acceptance and intolerance

In most cultures, effeminacy was traditionally considered, if not a vice, at least a weakness, indicative of other negative character traits and more recently often involving a negative insinuation of homosexual tendencies. Vice is a practice or habit that is considered immoral, depraved, and/or degrading in the associated society. ... In biology, a trait or character is a genetically inherited feature of an organism. ... Since its coinage, the word homosexuality has acquired multiple meanings. ...

The definition of what constitutes effeminate behavior varies greatly depending on the social and cultural context, as well as on the time period. While some effeminate behavior evokes impressions of homosexuality in some people, others may simply view the behavior as "unmanly" without questioning the orientation of the person in question.

Examples of behavior noncompliant with conventional masculinity have included:

• Interest in the fine arts, especially the theatre
• Interest in language and literature, academic disciplines generally more associated with women
• Interest in fashion, especially women's fashion
• Discussing personal feelings and emotions with other males
• Engaging in sports more associated with women, such as gymnastics and figure skating
• Speaking in a high, affected voice
• Associating primarily or exclusively with women in platonic contexts
• Cross-dressing
• Working in jobs generally associated with women (i.e. secretary, interior decorator, flight attendant, nurse)

These examples have changed over time and will always vary depending on different contextual factors. During the Enlightenment, period fashion prescribed stockings, elaborate knee-length robes and long wigs for men, things that would most certainly be considered unacceptable for men (and women) in contemporary society. During the Renaissance and the Enlightenment, men idolized the Renaissance Man who was skilled in all walks of life - a "real" man of this time was to be skilled in armed combat and knowledgable of literature and art, among other things. Today, it is not considered very unusual for a man be concerned with or interested in his physical appearance and attire, though this was not the case up until fairly recently. Fine art is a term used to refer to fields traditionally considered to be artistic. ... Serge Sudeikins poster for the Bat Theatre (1922). ... Fashion illustration by George Barbier of a gown by Jeanne Paquin, 1912, from La Gazette du bon ton, the most influential fashion magazine of its era. ... Gymnastics is a sport involving the performance of sequences of movements requiring physical strength, flexibility, balance, endurance, and kinesthetic awareness, such as handsprings, handstands, split leaps, aerials and cartwheels. ... Figure skating is an ice skating sporting event where individuals, mixed couples, or groups perform spins, jumps, and other moves on the ice, often to music. ... A gay lisp is actually not a lisp but refers to stereotypical speech attributes assigned to and sometimes seen in gay males. ... Platonic idealism is the theory that the substantive reality around us is only a reflection of a higher truth. ... This articles is about cross-dressing in general, that is the act of wearing the clothing of another gender for any reason. ... A secretary is either an administrative assistant in business office administration, or a certain type of mid- or high-level governmental position, such as a Secretary of State. ... Interior decoration is the art of decorating a room so it looks good, is easy to use, and functions well with the existing architecture. ... Flight attendant in an Embraer ERJ 145 LR (PBair, Thailand) Stewardess, circa 1949-50, American Overseas, Flagship Denmark, Boeing Stratocruiser In aviation, flight attendants—also known as sky girls, air hostesses, stewardesses or stewards—are members of a flight crew employed by airlines to ensure the safety of the passengers... This article focuses on the education and regulation of nurses. ... The Age of Enlightenment (French: ; German: ) was an eighteenth-century movement in European and American philosophy, or the longer period including the Age of Reason. ... The Renaissance (French for rebirth, or Rinascimento in Italian), was a cultural movement in Italy (and in Europe in general) that began in the late Middle Ages, and spanned roughly the 14th through the 17th century. ... Leonardo da Vinci, a polymath, is seen as the epitome of the Renaissance Man // A polymath (Greek polymathēs, πολυμαθής, meaning having learned much,[1]), Renaissance man or Homo universalis are common terms to describe a person well educated, or who excels, in a wide variety of subjects or fields. ...

Effeminacy and Gay Men

In the US, boys are homosocial (Gagnon, 1977), and gender role performance determines social rank (David and Brannon, 1976). While gay boys receive the same enculturation, they are less compliant, Martin Levine summarizes: "Harry (1982, 51-52), for example, found that 42 percent of his gay respondents were 'sissies' during childhood. Only 11 percent of his heterosexual samples were gender role nonconformists. Bell, Weinberg, and Hammersmith (1981, 188) reported that half of their male homosexual subjects practiced gender-inappropriate behaviour in childhood. Among their heterosexual males, the rate of noncompliance was 25 percent. And Saghir and Robins (1973, 18) found that one-third of their gay male respondents conformed to gender role dictates. Only 3 percent of their heterosexual men deviated from the norm." Thus effeminate boys, or sissies, are physically and verbally harassed (Saghir and Robins, 1973, 17-18; Bell, Weinberg, and Hammersmith 1981, 74-84), causing them to feel worthless (Harry 1982, 20) and "de-feminise" (Harry 1982, 20; Saghir and Robins 1973, 18-19). (Levine, 1998, p.15-16) The term homosocial is used in sociology and denotes same-sex relationships that are not of sexual nature. ...

Prior to the Stonewall riots, inconsistent gender role performance had been noticed among gay men (Karlen, 1978; Cory and LeRoy, 1963; Newton, 1972), "They have a different face for different occasions. In conversations with each other, they often undergo a subtle change. I have seen men who appeared to be normal [sic] suddenly smile roguishly, soften their voices, and simper as they greeted homosexual [sic] friends....Many times I saw these changes occur after I had gained a homosexual's confidence and he could safely risk my disapproval. Once as I watched a luncheon companion become an effeminate caricature of himself, he apologised, 'It is hard to always remember that one is a man.'" (Stearn 1962, 29) (Levine, 1998, p.21-23) LGBT rights Around the world · By country History · Groups · Activists Declaration of Montreal Same-sex relationships Marriage · Adoption Opposition · Discrimination Violence This box:      The Stonewall riots were a series of violent conflicts between New York City police officers and groups of gay and transgender people that began on June 28...

Pre-Stonewall "closet" culture accepted homosexuality as effeminate behaviour, and thus emphasized camp, drag, and swish including an interest in fashion (Henry, 1955; West, 1977) and decorating (Fischer 1972; White 1980; Henry 1955, 304). Masculine gay men did exist but were marginalised (Warren 1972, 1974; Helmer 1963) and formed their own communities, such as leather and Western (Goldstein, 1975), and/or donned working class outfits (Fischer, 1972) such as sailor uniforms (Cory and LeRoy, 1963). (Levine, 1998, p.21-23, 56) For the baseball player Bert Campaneris, see Bert Campaneris For the bicycle component manufacturer, see Campagnolo The current version of this article or section is written in an informal style and with a personally invested tone. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Swish is effeminate behaviour and interests (camp), emphasized and sanctioned (Kleinberg 1978), in pre-Stonewall gay male communities. ...

Post-Stonewall, "clone culture" became dominant and effeminacy is now marginalised. One indicator of this is a definite preference shown in personal ads for masculine-behaving men (Bailey et al 1997).

The avoidance of effeminacy by men, including gay ones, has been linked to possible impedance of personal and public health. Regarding AIDS, masculine behaviour was stereotyped as being unconcerned about safe sex practices while engaging in promiscuous sexual behaviour. Early reports from New York City indicated that more women had themselves tested for AIDS than men. (Sullivan, 1987). (Levine, 1998, p.148)

David Halperin (2002), compares "universalising" and "minoritising" notions of gender deviance: "'Softness' either may represent the specter of potential gender failure that haunts all normative masculinity, an ever-present threat to the masculinity of every man, or it may represent the disfiguring peculiarity of a small class of deviant individuals." David Halperin (born April 2, 1952) is an American theorist in the fields of gender studies, queer theory, critical theory, material culture and visual culture. ...

The term effeminaphobia was coined to describe strong anti-effeminacy. Michael Bailey (1995) coined the similar term femiphobia to describe the ambivalence gay men and culture have about effeminate behaviour. Author Tim Bergling (September 1997) also coined the term sissyphobia.

History

Etymology

Effeminacy comes from the Latin, ex which is "out," and femina which means woman; it means "to be like a woman." The Latin term is mollities, meaning "softness." Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in Latium, the region immediately surrounding Rome. ... Diverse women. ...

A Greek word that approaches one modern meaning of effeminate is kinaidos (cinaedus in its Latinized form), a man "whose most salient feature was a supposedly "feminine" love of being sexually penetrated by other men." (Winkler, 1990) However, "cinaedus is not actually anchored in that specific sexual practice. It refers instead to a man who has an identity as gender deviant." (Williams, 1999). The Greek word for an effeminate man is μαλακός – malakos (literally "soft"), which is still used in modern Greek in that derogatory sense. Furthermore, a "boy" is not generally considered to be motivated by the pleasure of penetration itself, but rather gratifying (charizesthai) the normative masculine desire of an older male (Halperin, 2002).

"A cinaedus is a man who fails to live up to traditional standards of masculine comportment. Indeed, the word's etymology suggests no direct connection to any sexual practice. Rather, borrowed from Greek kinaidos (which may itself have been a borrowing from a language of Asia Minor), it primarily signifies an effeminate dancer who entertained his audiences with a tympanum or tambourine in his hand, and adopted a lascivious style, often suggestively wiggling his buttocks in such a way as to suggest anal intercourse....The primary meaning of cinaedus never died out; the term never became a dead metaphor." (Williams, 1999)

Other contemporary words for effeminacy include: "pansy", "nelly", "pussy", and "girl" (when applied to a boy or, especially, adult man). Contrastingly, a masculine girl would be called a "tomboy" or anti-gay slurs. The word effete similarly means effeminacy or over-refinement, but comes from the Latin effetus, from ex- + fetus (fruitful). Pansy, see Isabella Macdonald Alden. ... pussy. ... Two girls smiling A girl is a female child, as opposed to a boy, a male child. ... A tomboy is typically described as a girl who behaves according to the gender role of a boy, though the term is also applied to women. ...

Ancient Greece and Rome

See main article Classical definition of effeminacy. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Greece

Greek historian Plutarch recounts that Periander, the tyrant of Ambracia, asked his "boy", "Aren't you pregnant yet?" in the presence of other people, causing the boy to kill him in revenge for being treated as if effeminate or a woman (Amatorius 768F). Mestrius Plutarchus (Greek: Πλούταρχος; 46 - 127), better known in English as Plutarch, was a Greek historian, biographer, essayist, and Middle Platonist. ...

As part of Greek politician Aiskhines' proof that a member of the prosecution against him, Timarkhos, had prostituted himself to (or been "kept" by) another male while young, he attributed fellow prosecutor Demosthenes' nickname Batalos ("arse") to his "unmanliness and kinaidiā and frequently commented on his "unmanly and womanish temper", even criticising his clothing: "If anyone took those dainty little coats and soft shirts off you ... and took them round for the jurors to handle, I think they'd be quite unable to say, if they hadn't been told in advance, whether they had hold of a man's clothing or a woman's." (Dover, 1989) Demosthenes (384–322 BC, Greek: Δημοσθένης, DÄ“mosthénÄ“s) was a prominent Greek statesman and orator of ancient Athens. ...

Demosthenes is also implicated in passive homosexuality and the prostitution of youth (Aiskhines iii 162): "There is a certain Aristion, a Plataean..., who as a youth was outstandingly good-looking and lived for a long time in Demosthenes' house. Allegations about the part he was playing [lit., 'undergoing or doing what'] there vary, and it would be most unseemly for me to talk about it." (Dover, 1989)

The late Greek (possibly c. fourth century), Erôtes ("Loves", "Forms of Desire", "Affairs of the Heart"), preserved with manuscripts by Lucian, contains a debate "between two men, Charicles and Callicratidas, over the relative merits of women and boys as vehicles of male sexual pleasure." Callicratidus, "far from being effeminised by his sexual predilection for boys...Callicratidas's inclination renders him hypervirile... Callicratidas's sexual desire for boys, then, makes him more of a man; it does not weaken or subvert his male gender identity but rather consolidates it." In contrast, "Charicles' erotic preference for women seems to have had the corresponding effect of effeminising him: when the reader first encounters him, for example, Charicles is described as exhibiting 'a skillful use of cosmetics, so as to be attractive to women.'" Lucian. ...

Rome

Over-refinement, fine clothes and other possessions, the company of women, certain trades, and too much coitus with women were all deemed effeminate traits in Roman society. Taking an inappropriate sexual position -- passive or "bottom" (kinaidos, see above) -- in same-gender sex was considered effeminate and unnatural. Touching the head with a finger and wearing a goatee were also considered effeminate (Holland, 2004).

Roman consul Scipio Aemilianus questioned one of his opponents, P. Sulpicius Galus: "For the kind of man who adorns himself daily in front of a mirror, wearing perfume; whose eyebrows are shaved off; who walks around with plucked beard and thighs; who when he was a young man reclined at banquets next to his lover, wearing a long-sleeved tunic; who is fond of men as he is of wine: can anyone doubt that he has done what cinaedi are in the habit of doing?" (fr. 17 Malcovati; Aulus Gellius, 6.12.5; cited/translated by Williams 1999, p.23) Storybook illustration depicting Scipio as the reluctant servant of the Senate as he orchestrated the genocide of the Carthaginians. ...

Roman orator Quintilian described, "The plucked body, the broken walk, the female attire," as "signs of one who is soft [mollis] and not a real man." (Institutes 5.9.14, cited/translated by Richlin, 1993)

For Roman men masculinity also meant self-control, even in the face of painful emotions, illnesses, or death. Cicero says, "There exist certain precepts, even laws, that prohibit a man from being effeminate in pain," (Fin. 2.94) and Seneca adds, "If I must suffer illness, it will be my wish to do nothing out of control, nothing effeminately." (Epist. 67.4) Cicero at about age 60, from an ancient marble bust Marcus Tullius Cicero (IPA:Classical Latin pronunciation: , usually pronounced in American English or in British English; January 3, 106 BC – December 7, 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, lawyer, political theorist, philosopher, widely considered one of Romes greatest orators... Bust, traditionally thought to be Seneca, now identified by some as Hesiod. ...

In his commentaries on the Gallic Wars, Julius Caesar wrote that the Belgians were the bravest of all Gauls, because "merchants least frequently resort to them, and import those things which tend to effeminate the mind". (Commentarii_de_Bello_Gallico, I,1) An 18th century edition of Commentarii de Bello Gallico Commentarii de Bello Gallico (literally Commentaries on the Gallic War in Latin) is an account written by Julius Caesar about his nine years of war in Gaul. ... Combatants Roman Republic Several Gallic tribes Commanders Julius Caesar Titus Labienus Mark Antony Quintus Cicero Vercingetorix, Ambiorix, Commius, among other The Gallic Wars were a series of military campaigns by several invading Roman legions under the command of Julius Caesar into Gaul, and the subsequent uprisings of the Gallic tribes. ... Gaius Julius Caesar [1] (Latin pronunciation ; English pronunciation ; July 12 or July 13, 100 BC or 102 BC–March 15, 44 BC), was a Roman military and political leader and one of the most influential men of classical antiquity. ... Map of Gaul circa 58 BC Gaul (Latin: ) was the name given, in ancient times, to the region of Western Europe comprising present-day northern Italy, France, Belgium, western Switzerland and the parts of the Netherlands and Germany on the west bank of the Rhine river. ...

The Bible

Malakos is listed among other vices in the New Testament book of 1 Corinthians. 6:9. Translations use different terms to express this: "The JB (1966) chooses 'catamite,' the NAB (1970) renders arsenokoités and malakos together as 'sodomite,' others translate malakos as 'male prostitute' (NIV 1973, NRSV 1989), and again some combine both terms and offer the modern medicalised categories of sexual, or particularly homosexual, 'perversion' (RSV 1946, TEV 1966, NEB 1970, REB 1992)." (Martin, 1996). The word malakos, #3120 in the Greek Dictionary of The New Testament of James Strong's Exhaustive Concordance to The Bible translates: "of uncertain affinity". Look up affinity in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

United States

To strengthen the argument of the "mechanics", Thomas Jefferson said something similar to Xenophon (see above): Thomas Jefferson (13 April 1743 N.S.–4 July 1826) was the third President of the United States (1801–09), the principal author of the Declaration of Independence (1776), and one of the most influential Founding Fathers for his promotion of the ideals of Republicanism in the United States. ...

"The mobs of great cities add just so much to the support of pure government, as sores do to the strength of the human body. I consider the class of artificers as the panderers of vice, and the instruments by which the liberties of a country are generally overturned." (8)

Being friends with women, having limp or loose wrists, a high and/or lispy voice, a swaying walk, occupations such as hairdressing, and hobbies and interests such as theater, musicals, or "domestic" activities such as design, sewing, or cleaning, are all often considered effeminate within various historical contexts in the United States^{[citation needed]}. A gay lisp is actually not a lisp but refers to stereotypical speech attributes assigned to and sometimes seen in gay males. ...

Fictional effeminates

This article or section may contain original research or unverified claims. Please help Wikipedia by adding references. See the talk page for details.

Over the years, effeminate characters have appeared in various forms of media including novels, movies, television and video games. As the "butt of jokes" in many fictional works, some of these characters are often ridiculed for their chosen life-styles. Image File history File links Circle-question. ...

• Cecil, played by Patrick Tull, in Parting Glances (1986)
• Charles "Helena Handbasket" Bing, played by Kathleen Turner, in Friends
• Arnold, played and written by Harvey Fierstein, in Torch Song Trilogy
• Doris, the ugly stepsister, in the Shrek series.
• Him, a evil character in The Powerpuff Girls.
• Doctor N. Gin from the Crash Bandicoot series.
• Blaine and Antoine, played by David Alan Grier and Damon Wayans, in In Living Color
• Durcent, in The 120 Days Of Sodom, by Marquis De Sade.
• Stanford Blatch, played by Willie Garson, in Sex and the City
• Boom in the film For Da Love of Money
• C-3PO of the Star Wars series
• The Caterpillar, in Disney's Alice in Wonderland
• Chan, played by Gedde Watanabe, in Booty Call
• The choreographer in Fear of a Black Hat
• The choreographer for the Party Posse on The Simpsons's episode "New Kids on the Blecch"
• The Cowardly Lion in The Wizard of Oz
• Archibald Cunningham, played by Tim Roth, in Rob Roy
• Dean's Secretary, played by Leland Crooke, in The Party Animal
• Dennis, played by Ian Abercrombie, in The Happy Hooker Goes Hollywood
• Douzi, played by Leslie Cheung, in Farewell My Concubine
• George Downes, played by Rupert Everett, in My Best Friend's Wedding
• Duc d'Anjou, played by Vincent Cassel, in Elizabeth
• Emory, played by Cliff Gorman, in The Boys in the Band
• Fiona, a prisoner in the Oz series
• Gerri, played by Joe Pantoliano, in Zandalee
• The "girliest cadet of Company L" in The Secret War of Lisa Simpson
• Albert Goldman, played by Nathan Lane, in The Birdcage based upon La Cage aux Folles
• Harome, the male hairdresser, played by Lawrence Petty, in Soul Food
• Buzz Hauser, played by Jason Alexander, in Love! Valor! Compassion!
• Holiday Heart, played by Ving Rhames, in a film of the same title
• Prince Herbert, played by Terry Jones, in Monty Python and the Holy Grail
• Hollywood in the Mannequin film series
• Grand Vizier Jafar, voiced by Jonathan Freeman, in Disney's Aladdin
• Kyle, a leading character in "Invisible Life" and "Just as I Am" by E. Lynn Harris
• Lamar, played by Larry B. Scott, in the Revenge of the Nerds film series
• The Skeksis skekEkt in the movie The Dark Crystal
• Ludovic, played by Georges Dufresne, in Ma vie en rose
• Donald Maltby, played by Phillip Charles McKenzie, in Brothers (TV Series)
• Anthony Marentino, played by Mario Cantone, in Sex and the City
• Jack McFarland, played by Sean Hayes, in Will & Grace
• The Master, as seen in Doctor Who and the Curse of Fatal Death
• Milo, played by Taylor Negron, in The Last Boy Scout
• Monroe, played by JM J. Bullock, on Too Close for Comfort
• Martin Prince of The Simpsons
• Waylon Smithers of The Simpsons
• Ruby Rhod, played by Chris Tucker, in The Fifth Element
• Rick, played by Rik Mayall, in The Young Ones
• Risley, played by Mark Tandy, in Maurice, based upon the E.M. Forster novel
• Roger, in the animated television series American Dad!
• Julian Rogers, played by John C. McGinley, in Wagons East
• Dr. Zachary Smith, played by Jonathan Harris, in Lost in Space
• Snagglepuss of Hanna Barbera cartoons
• Sterling, played by Patrick Stewart, in Jeffrey
• Stewie Griffin, in the animated television series Family Guy
• Reuben Tishkoff, played by Elliott Gould, in Ocean's Eleven
• Tracy, a gay, black teen on a 1996 episode of Moesha
• Dr. Mo Vandekamp, played by Paul Bartel, in Scenes from the Class Struggle in Beverly Hills
• Vanity Smurf of The Smurfs
• Versace Salesman, played by Jeremy Piven, in Rush Hour 2
• Max Whiteman in Down and Out in Beverly Hills
• Hooper X, played by Dwight Ewell, in Chasing Amy
• Rusty Zimmerman, played by Philip Seymour Hoffman, in Flawless
• Richard Richard, played by Rik Mayall, in Bottom
• Justin Suarez from Ugly Betty
• Sean Garrity from WIT
• Tommy Shafter from the TV show Titus (while the other characters are based on real people, Tommy is based on an amalgam of Christopher Titus' "normal" friends).
• Ernest, played by Tyrell Davis, in Our Betters
• Anthony Blanche, in Brideshead Revisited (played by Nickolas Grace in the 1981 miniseries)

Image File history File links Information. ... Shortcut: WP:CU Marking articles for cleanup This page is undergoing a transition to an easier-to-maintain format. ... Patrick Tull (born 28 July 1941) is a stage, film, and television actor. ... Parting Glances is an American film released in 1986. ... Mary Kathleen Turner (born June 19, 1954) is an Academy Award nominated American actress. ... Harvey Fierstein (born June 6, 1952) is a Tony Award-winning and Emmy Award-nominated American actor, playwright, and screenwriter. ... Torch Song Trilogy is a collection of three plays by Harvey Fierstein, running in New York City from June 10, 1982, to May 19, 1985 at the Little Theatre (now the Helen Hayes Theatre on West 44th Street). ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Doctor N. Gin , sometimes spelled N-Gin) is a fictional video game character and secondary villain in the Crash Bandicoot series. ... Crash Bandicoot is a video game series created by Andy Gavin and Jason Rubin. ... David Alan Grier (born June 30, 1955) is an American actor and comedian famous for his work on the Emmy Award winning sketch comedy show In Living Color. ... Damon Kyle Wayans (born September 4, 1960) is an American stand-up comedian, writer, and actor who began his career as a stand-up comic in 1982. ... In Living Color was an American sketch comedy television series which ran on the FOX Network from April 15, 1990 to August 23, 1994. ... Willie Garson (born 1964 in Highland Park, New Jersey) is an American actor. ... Sex and the City is a popular American cable television program. ... C-3PO (pronounced See-Threepio, often shortened to Threepio) is a robot character from the fictional Star Wars universe, created by Anakin Skywalker circa 32 BBY prior to the events of Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace. ... Star Wars is an epic science fantasy saga and fictional universe created by George Lucas during the late 1970s. ... Caterpillar of the Emperor Gum Moth A caterpillar is the larval form of a member of the Order Lepidoptera (the insect order comprising butterflies and moths). ... Disney may refer to: The Walt Disney Company and its divisions, including Walt Disney Pictures. ... Alice in Wonderland is a 1951 animated feature film produced by Walt Disney Productions and originally released to cinemas on July 28, 1951 by RKO Radio Pictures. ... Gedde Watanabe (born June 26, 1955, Ogden, Utah) is the stage name of Gary Watanabe, a Japanese American actor. ... Booty Call is a 1997 comedy film, written by Takashi Bufford and J. Stanford Parker, and directed by Jeff Pollack. ... Fear of a Black Hat (1994, US) is a mockumentary on the evolution of American rap music. ... Simpsons redirects here. ... New Kids on the Blecch is an episode from the twelfth season of The Simpsons. ... Cover of The Cowardly Lion of Oz (1929) by Ruth Plumly Thompson. ... The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900) is a childrens book written by L. Frank Baum and illustrated by W.W. Denslow. ... Tim Roth (born 14 May 1961 as Timothy Simon Smith) is an English film actor and director. ... Rob Roy is a movie that was released on April 7, 1995. ... The Party Animal is a movie written and directed by Although its crude sexual humor and abundant female nudity place it squarely in the college frat-film genre, it gains a certain uniqueness from its lack of false sentiment and from its sheer unabashed absurdity. ... Ian Abercrombie (born September 11, 1936 in London) is an English actor. ... Leslie Cheung Kwok-Wing (September 12, 1956 – April 1, 2003) (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Cantonese IPA: , Jyutping: zoeng1 gwok3 wing4; Mandarin Pinyin: Zhāng Guóróng, Wade-Giles: Chang Kuo-jung; nickname Gor-gor (哥哥, Elder Brother in Cantonese), was an actor and a musician from Hong Kong. ... 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See also

• Butch and femme
• Genderqueer
• Androgyne
• Bishonen
• Ritualism
• Ergi
• Classical definition of effeminacy
• Asexuality

Kamen Rider Ryuki character, see Kamen Rider Femme. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... An androgyne is a person who does not fit cleanly into the typical masculine and feminine gender roles of their society. ... Bishōnen (美少年, literally, beautiful boy) is a specific Japanese aesthetic concept of the ideally beautiful young man. ... In general, the term, Ritualism can be used to describe an outlook which places a great (or even exaggerated) emphasis on ritual. ... Ergi and argr are two Old Norse terms of insult, denoting effeminacy or other unmanly behavior. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... This article is about human beings who do not have interest in, or inclination towards, sexual behavior. ...

Sources

• On Virtues and Vices, Aristotle, trans. H. Rackham, Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, l992. Vol. #285
• The Eudemian Ethics, Aristotle, trans. H. Rackham, Loeb Classical Library. Vol. #285
• Oxford English Dictionary, 20 vol. It has 75 references in English literature of over 500 years of usage of the word 'effeminate'.
• Davis, Madeline and Lapovsky Kennedy, Elizabeth (1989). "Oral History and the Study of Sexuality in the Lesbian Community", Hidden from History: Reclaiming the Gay & Lesbian Past (1990), Duberman, etc, eds. New York: Meridian, New American Library, Penguin Books. ISBN 0-452-01067-5.
• Winkler, John J. (1990). The Constraints of Desire: The Anthropology of Sex and Gender in Ancient Greece. New York: Routledge.
• Williams, Craig A. (1999). Roman Homosexuality: Ideologies of Masculinity in Classical Antiquity. New York: Oxford University Press.
• Martin, Dale B. (1996). "Arsenokoités and Malakos: Meanings and Consequences", Biblical Ethics & Homosexuality: Listening to Scripture, Robert L. Brawley, ed. Westminster John Knox Press. [1]
• Holland, Tom (2004). Rubicon: The Last Years of the Roman Republic. Doubleday. ISBN 0-385-50313-X.
• Halperin, David M. (2002). How To Do The History of Homosexuality, p.125. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-31447-2.
• K.J. Dover, (1989). Greek Homosexuality. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-36270-5.
• Levine, Martin P. (1998). Gay Macho. New York: New York University Press. ISBN 0-8147-4694-2.
  • Gagnon, John H. (1977). Human Sexualities. Glenview, Ill.: Scott, Foresman.
  • David, Deborah S. and Brannon, Robert (1976). The Forty-Nine Percent Majority: The Male Sex Role. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley.
  • Harry (1982). Gay Children Grown Up: Gender, Culture and Gender Deviance. New York: Praeger.
  • Bell, Weinberg, and Hammersmith (1981). Sexual Preference: Its Development in Men and Women. Bloomington: University of Indiana Press.
  • Saghir and Robins (1973).
  • Karlen, Arno (1978). "Homosexuality: The Scene and Its Student", The Sociology of Sex: An Introductory Reader, James M. Henslin and Edward Sagarin eds. New York: Schocken.
  • Cory, Donald W. and LeRoy, John P. (1963). The Homosexual and His Society: A View from Within. New York: Citadel Press.
  • Newton, Esther (1972). Mother Camp: Female Impersonators in America. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall.
  • Stearn, Jess (1962). The Sixth Man. New York: MacFadden.
• Bergling, Tim (2001). Sissyphobia: Gay Men and Effeminate Behavior. New York: Harrington Park Press. ISBN 1-56023-990-5.
  • Bailey, Michael; Kim, Peggy; Hills, Alex; and Linsenmeier, Joan (1997). "Butch, Femme, or Straight Acting? Partner Preferences of Gay Men and Lesbians.", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73(5), pp.960-973.
  • Bergling, Tim (1997). "Sissyphobia", Genre, p.53. September.
  • Bailey, Michael (1995). "Gender Identity", The Lives of Lesbians, Gays, and Bisexuals, p.71-93. New York: Harcourt Brace.