NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Elblag

Elbląg (pronounce:

[:εlblɔ̃g], local Polish dialect: Elbiąg ([:εlbiɔ̃g]); German: Elbing; Old Prussian Truso, Ilfing, Lithuanian Trusas , Elbingas ) is a city in northern Poland with 128,700 inhabitants. Capital of the Powiat of Elbląg, situated in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodship since 1999, previously capital of Elbląg Voivodship (1975–1998), and a county-site of Gdańsk Voivodship (1945–1975). Flag of Elbląg, from the Polish wiki File links The following pages link to this file: Elblag Image:Elblag Flaga. ... CoA of Elbląg, from the Polish wiki File links The following pages link to this file: Elblag Image:Elblag Herb. ... A motto is a phrase or collection of words intended to describe the motivation or intention of a sociological grouping or organization. ... Elbląg on a map of Poland File links The following pages link to this file: Elblag Categories: GFDL images ... A Voivodship ( Romanian: Voievodat, Polish: Województwo, Serbian: Vojvodstvo or Vojvodina) was a feudal state in medieval Romania, Hungary, Poland, Russia and Serbia (see Vojvodina), ruled by a Voivod. ... Warmińsko-Mazurskie voivodship since 1999 Coat of Arms of Warmia-Masuria Warmia i Mazury (officially, the Warmińsko-Mazurskie Voivodship) is an administrative region or voivodship of north-eastern Poland. ... This article explains the meaning of area as a physical quantity. ... Population density can be used as a measurement of any tangible item. ... ( 8th century - 9th century - 10th century - other centuries) Events Beowulf might have been written down in this century, though it could also have been in the 8th century Reign of Charlemagne, and concurrent (and controversially labeled) Carolingian Renaissance in western Europe Viking attacks on Europe begin Oseberg ship burial The... Events End of the reign of Emperor Go-Saga of Japan. ... A telephone numbering plan is a system that allows subscribers to make and receive telephone calls across long distances. ... This article is about partnerships between towns distant from each other; see Twin cities for the different concept of physically neighbouring cities. ... Baltiysk (Балтийск, Polish: Piława, Lithuanian - Piliava) – known prior to 1945 by its German name, Pillau – is a Russian sea port in the strait between Vistula Bay and Gdansk Bay, called Strait of Baltiysk on the territory of Kaliningrad Oblast with about 20,000 inhabitants. ... Compi gne is a commune in the Oise d partement of France, of which it is a sous-pr fecture. ... Druskininkai is a spa town on Neman River in Lithuania, close to the borders to Belarus and Poland. ... Locator map on an international level map of Kaliningrad Oblast Kaliningrad (Russian: Калининград), seaport city, capital and main city of the Kaliningrad Oblast, a small Russian exclave between Poland and Lithuania with access to the Baltic Sea. ... Map of Germany showing Leer Leer is a town in the Leer District in northwestern Germany on the border to the Netherlands, located at the river Ems. ... . Liepāja (Polish Lipawa, German Libau, Russian Либава Libava or Лиепая Liyepaya, Yiddish ליבאַװע Libave; population 89,448 in 2000 census) is a city in Latvia, on the Baltic sea. ... Navahradak (Нава́градак in Belarusian; Russian: Novogrudok, Polish: Nowogródek; Lithuanian: Naugardukas) is a Belarusian city with an old history, the first capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. ... Ronneby is a city in Blechingia, and the seat of Ronneby Municipality in Sweden. ... Ternopil (Тернопіль, Ternopil’ in Ukrainian, Tarnopol in Polish, Ternopol in Russian) is a city in Western Ukraine, located at the banks of the Seret river. ... West Wiltshire is a local government district in Wiltshire, England. ... A diacritical mark or accent mark is an additional mark added to a basic letter. ... The purpose of this page is to lay out our policies for handling sounds, and give people some useful information for handling sound files. ... Old Prussian is an extinct Baltic language spoken by the inhabitants of the area that later became East Prussia (now in north-eastern Poland, Lithuania and the Kaliningrad oblast of Russia) prior to Polish and German colonization of the area beginning in the 13th century. ... Powiat is the Polish name for county, a second-level unit of the administrative division and local government in Poland. ... Warmińsko-Mazurskie voivodship since 1999 Coat of Arms of Warmia-Masuria Warmia i Mazury (officially, the Warmińsko-Mazurskie Voivodship) is an administrative region or voivodship of north-eastern Poland. ... 1999 is a common year starting on Friday of the Common Era, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... Elblag Voivodship (Polish: województwo elbląskie) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland in years 1975-1998, superseded by Pomeranian Voivodship and Warmian-Masurian Voivodship. ... 1975 was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar). ... 1998 is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... Gdańsk Voivodship (1) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland in years 1975-1998, superseded by Pomeranian Voivodship. ... 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ...

The city is located on the Elbląg river connecting the Drużno Lake to the Vistulan Bay. Drużno Lake is a lake in northern Poland near Elblag city. ... Landsat photo Vistula Lagoon Vistula Lagoon (or Bay, Gulf) is the sweet water lagoon on the Baltic Sea that is cut off from Gdansk Bay by the Vistula Spit. ...

City name

According to various sources the city name of Elbląg comes from the river name, which is of (Old)Prussian or Germanic (Gothic) origin. Early sources: river Ilfing (890), Castrum de Elbingo quod a nomine fluminis Elbingum appellavit (1237 — Peter Dusburg, Chronicon Terre Prussiae), in Elbingo (1239), in Elbing (1242), in Elbinge ... fluvium Elbinc (1246, city charter), de Elbingo (1250), in Elbyngo (1258), vitra Elbingum (1263), Elvingo (1293), in Elbingo (1300), in Elvingo (1389), czum Elbinge (1392), czu Elbing (1403), Elwing (1410), czum Elwinge (1412), Elbing (1414–1438), Elbyang (before 1454), Elbing (1508), ku Elbiągowi (1634), w Elblągu (1661), w Elblągu (1661). Events The sovereignty of prince Svatopluk I in Bohemia is confirmed. ... Events Births June 17 Edward I of England known as Edward Longshanks or Hammer of the Scots Deaths Emperor Go-Toba of Japan Monarchs/Presidents Aragon - James I King of Aragon and count of Barcelona (reigned from 1213 to 1276) Castile - Ferdinand III, the Saint King of Castile and Leon... Events April 5 - During a battle on the ice of Russian forces rebuff an invasion attempt by the Teutonic Knights. ... Events End of the reign of Emperor Go-Saga of Japan. ... Events December 13 - Death of Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor Louis IX of France is captured by Muslims and has to ransom himself Mabinogion appears Albertus Magnus isolates the element arsenic Vincent of Beauvais writes proto-encyclopedic The Greater Mirror City of Stockholm founded Alphonso III of Portugal takes Algarve... Events= February 10 - Mongols overrun Baghdad, burning it to the ground and killing 800,000 citizens Llywelyn the Last declares himself Prince of Wales. ... Events Detmold, Germany was founded. ... Events May 20 - King Sancho IV of Castile creates the Study of General Schools of Alcala The Minoresses (Franciscan nuns) are first introduced into England Births Deaths Categories: 1293 ... Events Beginning of the Renaissance. ... Events February 24 - Margaret I seizes Albert, thus becoming ruler of Denmark, Norway and Sweden June 15 - Battle of Kosovo between Serbs and Ottomans. ... Events Korean founder of the Joseon Dynasty General Yi Seonggye leads a coup détat, overthrowing the kingdom of Goryeo and founding the kingdom of Joseon Afyonkarahisar in western Turkey is conquered by Sultan Beyazid I Louis de Valois is created the 1st Duke of Orléans, the second time... Events July 21 - Battle of Shrewsbury. ... Events July 15 – Lithuanian forces under the cousins Władysław Jagiełło of Poland and Witowt of Lithuania decisively defeat the forces of the Teutonic Knights, whose power is broken Jan Hus is excommunicated by the Archbishop of Prague. ... Events End of the reign of Emperor Go-Komatsu of Japan. ... Events Council of Constance begins. ... Events Pachacuti who would later create Tahuantinsuyu, or Inca Empire became the ruler of Cuzco January 1 - Albert II of Habsburg becomes King of Hungary March 18 - Albert II of Habsburg becomes King of Germany Eric of Pomerania, King of Sweden, Denmark and Norway looses direct control of Sweden. ... Events February 4 - In the Thirteen Years War, the Secret Council of the Prussian Confederacy sends a formal act of disobedience to the Grand Master. ... Events February - Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor attacks Venice June 6 - Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three year truce and cede several territories to Venice December 10 - League of Cambrai formed as an alliance against Venice between... Events Moses Amyrauts Traite de la predestination is published Curaçao captured by the Dutch Treaty of Polianovska First meeting of the Académie française The witchcraft affair at Loudun Jean Nicolet lands at Green Bay, Wisconsin Opening of Covent Garden Market in London English establish a settlement... Events January 6 - The fifth monarchy men unsuccessfully attempt to seize control of London. ... Events January 6 - The fifth monarchy men unsuccessfully attempt to seize control of London. ...

In the German language, it has traditionally been known as Elbing. This name may be falling into disuse over time, though it can still be found in current use in Germany in some cases. German (called Deutsch in German; in German the term germanisch is equivalent to English Germanic), is a member of the western group of Germanic languages and is one of the worlds major languages. ... This article deals with the German language names of towns and cities in Central Europe. ...

The building of the Ossolineum Institute in Wrocław The former building of the Ossolineum Institute in Lwów, now Ukraine. ... 1987 is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1978 was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1978 calendar). ...

History

(Old) Prussian city of Truso

The seaport of Truso on the Ilfing river was first mentioned in ca. 890 by Wulfstan of Hedeby, an Anglo-Saxon sailor, travelling on the south coast of the Baltic Sea. The exact location of Truso is not certain, as the seashore was significantly changed, but most of the historians trace the settlement inside or near to modern Elbląg. Wulfstan of Hedeby (Latin Haithabu) was a late 9th century traveller and trader. ... The Anglo-Saxons refers collectively to the groups of Germanic tribes who achieved dominance in southern Britain from the mid-5th century, forming the basis for the modern English nation. ... The Baltic Sea is located in Northern Europe, bounded by the Scandinavian Peninsula, the mainland of Eastern Europe and Central Europe, and the Danish islands. ...

It was an important seaport serving the Vistula river bay on the early medieval Baltic Sea trade routes. The main goods were amber, furs and slaves. The town was inhabited by the (old) Prussian tradesmen and craftsmen, but also visited by merchants from the Baltic territories (Poland, Scandinavia). Truso importance declined in the 10th century, and its functions were taken over by Gdańsk and later by Elbląg. Vistula river basin Vistula ( Polish Wisła, German Weichsel) is the longest river in Poland. ... ( 9th century - 10th century - 11th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 10th century was that century which lasted from 901 to 1000. ... For alternative meanings of Gdańsk, see Gdansk (disambiguation) The title given to this article lacks diacritics because of certain technical limitations. ...

Truso, situated on Lake Druzno, was an Old Prussian town near the Baltic Sea just east of the Vistula River. It was one of the trading posts on the Amber Road, and is thought to be the antecedent of the city of Elbląg. ... The Prussian people, or (old) Prussians, were Indo-European Balts inhabiting the area around the Curonian and Vistula Lagoons (i. ... Vistula river basin Vistula (Polish Wisła), is the longest river in Poland. ... The Amber Road (in Polish: Szlak Bursztynowy, Jantarowy Szlak; in German: Bernsteinstraße; in Russian: Янтарный путь) was an ancient trade route for the transfer of amber. ...

Truso was situated in a central location upon the Eastern European trade routes, which led from Birka in the north to the island of Gotland and to Visby in the Baltic Sea and later included the Hanseatic League city of Elbląg. From there, traders continued further south to Carnuntium in the Alps. This was called the Amber Road. The ancient Amber Road or roads led further south-west and south-east to the Black Sea and eventually to Asia. Townsite of Birka Archaeological excavation at Birka Birka listen , also Birca and Bierkø (today named Björkö, literally Birch Island), was an important trading center in the Baltic Sea region from the 8th century, which handled goods from Eastern Europe and the Orient, possibly as far as China, thus covering... Gotland is the largest island in the Baltic Sea. ... Visby panorama Visby is a city, founded in the 10th century, on the then independent Baltic Sea island of Gotland, in modern Sweden. ... The Baltic Sea is located in Northern Europe, bounded by the Scandinavian Peninsula, the mainland of Eastern Europe and Central Europe, and the Danish islands. ... The foundations of the Hanseatic League (German: Hanse), an alliance of trading cities that for a time in the later Middle Ages and the Early Modern period maintained a trade monopoly over most of Northern Europe and the Baltic, can be seen as early as the 12th century, with the... The Alps is the collective name for one of the great mountain range systems of Europe, stretching from Austria in the east, Slovenia, Italy, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Germany, through to France in the west. ... The Amber Road (in Polish: Szlak Bursztynowy, Jantarowy Szlak; in German: Bernsteinstraße; in Russian: Янтарный путь) was an ancient trade route for the transfer of amber. ... Satellite view of the Black Sea, taken by NASA MODIS Cities of the Black Sea The Black Sea (known as the Euxine Sea in antiquity) is an inland sea between southeastern Europe and Asia Minor. ...

East-west trade route went from Truso, along the Baltic Sea to Jutland, and from there inland by river to Hedeby, a large trading center in Jutland. Hedeby, which lay near the modern city of Schleswig in Schleswig-Holstein, was pretty centrally located and could be reached from all four directions over land as well as from the North Sea, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Baltic Sea. The Baltic Sea is located in Northern Europe, bounded by the Scandinavian Peninsula, the mainland of Eastern Europe and Central Europe, and the Danish islands. ... Jutland Peninsula Jutland (Danish: Jylland, German: Jütland) is a peninsula in northern Europe that forms the continental part of Denmark and a northern part of Germany, dividing the North Sea from the Baltic Sea. ... Hedeby (referred to also as Haithabu and Latin Heidiba) was a settlement and trading center on the southern Baltic Sea coast of the Jutland Peninsula at the head of a narrow, navigable inlet, the Schlei in Schleswig-Holstein, northern Germany. ... Schleswig-Holstein is the northernmost of the 16 Bundesländer in Germany. ... The North Sea is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, located between the coasts of Norway and Denmark in the east, the coast of the British Isles in the west, and the German, Dutch, Belgian and French coasts in the south. ...

Around the year 890, Wulfstan of Hedeby (by his own account) reportedly undertook a boat journey from Hedeby to Truso at the behest of king Alfred the Great. One possible reason for this expedition was because Harold needed aid in his defense against the Danes or Vikings, who had taken over most of England. The reasons for this journey are fundamentally unclear, since Truso was at the time little more than a trading center, and Alfred the Great, the West Saxon ruler, already kept in close contact with the continental Saxons and the Franks. Wulfstan of Hedeby (Latin Haithabu) was a late 9th century traveller and trader. ... Alfred (849? – 26 October 899) (sometimes spelt Ælfred) was king of the southern Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Wessex from 871 to 899. ... The name Viking is a loan from the native Scandinavian term for the Norse seafaring warriors who raided the coasts of Scandinavia, Europe and the British Isles from the late 8th century to the 11th century, the period of European history referred to as the Viking Age. ...

Bringing Christianity — Teutonic Order

In 12th–13th centuries was loosely dependent on the Polish duchy of Eastern Pomerania. The task of Christianization of the territory was given to the Christian, bishop of Prussia (Zantyr) and the Teutonic Order who received Kulmerland or Chelmno Land as fief from the independent duke Konrad of Mazovia. Conquest of Prussia was only accomplished with great bloodshed over more than 50 years, during which new castles were built and trade and administration cities were founded. (11th century - 12th century - 13th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 12th century was that century which lasted from 1101 to 1200. ... (12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. ... A duchy is a territory, fief, or domain ruled by a duke or duchess. ... Eastern Pomerania (also Pomerelia, East Pomerania, Gdansk Pomerania, Vistula Pomerania) is a geographical and historical region in the east of Pomerania in northern Poland. ... St Francis Xavier converting the Paravas: a 19th-century image of the docile heathen The historical phenomenon of Christianization, the conversion of individuals to Christianity or the conversion of entire peoples at once (a political shift as much as a spontaneous mass shift in individual consciences), also includes the practice... The coat of arms of the Kingdom of Prussia, 1701-1918 The word Prussia (German: Preußen or Preussen, Polish: Prusy, Lithuanian: Prūsai, Latin: Borussia) has had various (often contradictory) meanings: The land of the Baltic Prussians (in what is now parts of southern Lithuania, the Kaliningrad exclave of Russia and... Teutonic Knights, charging into battle. ... Chelmno Land or Culmland (Polish: Ziemia Chełmińska, German: Kulmerland, Kulmer Land, Culmerland or Culmer Land) is the traditional name for a district around the city of Chełmno, in north-western Poland. ... Under the system of feudalism, a fiefdom, fief, feud or fee, consisted of heritable lands or revenue-producing property granted by a liege lord in return for a vassal knights service (usually fealty, military service, and security). ... The term duke is a title of nobility which refers to the sovereign male ruler of a Continental European duchy, to a nobleman of the highest grade of the British peerage, or to the highest rank of nobility in various other European countries, including Spain and France (in Italy, principe... Categories: Poland-related stubs | Dukes of Masovia | Polish monarchs | Dukes of Sieradz-Leczyca | Prussian history ...

A city named Elbing in Pogesania was founded in 1237 by German tradesmen near the ruins of the Prussian fortress and trading settlement of Truso, on the ancient Amber Road. The Teutonic Knights built a castle, which the burghers later destroyed. When Prussia was divided into four dioceses, Elbing and Pogesania became part of one of the four dioceses named Pomesania. Events Thomas II of Savoy becomes count of Flanders. ... Motto: none Voivodship Warmia-Masuria Municipal government Rada Miejska w Elblągu Mayor Henryk Słonina Area 83,32 km² Population - city - urban - density 130. ... The Amber Road (in Polish: Szlak Bursztynowy, Jantarowy Szlak; in German: Bernsteinstraße; in Russian: Янтарный путь) was an ancient trade route for the transfer of amber. ... In some Christian churches, the diocese is an administrative territorial unit governed by a bishop, sometimes also referred to as a bishopric or episcopal see, though more often the term episcopal see means the office held by the bishop. ... Pomesania is the former name of an area now in northern Poland, in the vicinity of the cities of Elblag (Elbing) and Malbork (Marienburg), to the east of the lower Vistula river. ...

In 1246 Elbląg received Lübeck rights marking its importance as a seaport (unlike many other cities in east-central Europe, which received Magdeburg rights). At this time it was a significant seaport, member of the Hanseatic League, having important trading contacts with England, Flanders, France and Holland. The city received numerous merchant privileges from rulers of England, Poland, Pomerania and the Teutonic Order. e.g. in the privilege of the Elbląg Old Town was upgraded in 1343, in 1393 it was granted an emporium privilege for grains, metals and forest products. A separate settlement called Elbląg New Town was founded in ca. 1337 and it received a Lübeck law charter in 1347. Events End of the reign of Emperor Go-Saga of Japan. ... Categories: Stub | Commercial item transport and distribution | Transportation ... The Magdeburg Rights (or Magdeburg law) were the laws of the Imperial Free City of Magdeburg during many centuries of the Holy Roman Empire, and possibly the most important set of Germanic medieval city laws. ... The foundations of the Hanseatic League (German: Hanse), an alliance of trading cities that for a time in the later Middle Ages and the Early Modern period maintained a trade monopoly over most of Northern Europe and the Baltic, can be seen as early as the 12th century, with the... Royal motto: Dieu et mon droit (French: God and my right) Englands location within the UK Official language English de facto Capital London de facto Largest city London Area - Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 km² Population - Total (2001) - Density Ranked 1st UK 49,138,831 377/km² Religion... Definitions Flanders (Dutch: Vlaanderen, French: Flandre or Flandres) has two main designations: a historical region (the County of Flanders), and an administrative region of Belgium (the Flemish Region and the Flemish Community). ... Holland is the common name in English referring to the Kingdom of the Netherlands (or exclusively its European part)--although this is incorrect from a Dutch perspective. ... Royal motto: Dieu et mon droit (French: God and my right) Englands location within the UK Official language English de facto Capital London de facto Largest city London Area - Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 km² Population - Total (2001) - Density Ranked 1st UK 49,138,831 377/km² Religion... Pomerania (Polish: Pomorze, German: Pommern and Pommerellen, Lithuanian Pamarė, Pomeranian (Kashubian): Pòmòrze and Pòmòrskô, Latin: Pomerania, Pomorania) is a geographical and historical region in northern Poland and Germany on the south coasts of the Baltic Sea between and on both sides of the Vistula and Oder (Odra) rivers, reaching the... Teutonic Knights, charging into battle. ... -1... Events Ottoman Turks occupy Veliko Turnovo in north-central Bulgaria. ... This page concerns 1337, the year. ... -1...

The oldest copy of the Polish common law, called the Book of Elbląg (Księga Elbląska) was written in the second half of 13th century. A vocabulary of the Baltic Old Prussian language, named the Elbing-Preussisches Wörterbuch (Elbląg Prussian Vocabulary), was written around 1350 by the leading administrators. This article concerns the common-law legal system, as contrasted with the civil law legal system; for other meanings of the term, within the field of law, see common law (disambiguation). ... Proto-Indo-European Indo-European studies The Baltic languages are a group of genetically-related languages spoken in the Northern Europe and belonging to the Indo-European language family. ... Old Prussian is an extinct Baltic language spoken by the inhabitants of the area that later became East Prussia (now in north-eastern Poland, Lithuania and the Kaliningrad oblast of Russia) prior to Polish and German colonization of the area beginning in the 13th century. ... Events Hayam Wuruk becomes ruler of the Majapahit Empire The Black Death ravages Europe (1347-1351) Births Manuel II Palaeologus, future Byzantine Emperor John Montacute, 3rd Earl of Salisbury (approximate date). ...

Member of the Hanseatic league

The trading cities of Elbląg (Elbing), Gdańsk (Danzig), and Toruń (Thorn), under the leadership of Imperial Cologne, formed the Hanseatic League. Panorama of Elbląg, from the Polish wiki File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Panorama of Elbląg, from the Polish wiki File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... For alternative meanings of Gdańsk, see Gdansk (disambiguation) The title given to this article lacks diacritics because of certain technical limitations. ... Torun - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes. ... Map of Germany showing Cologne Cologne skyline at night. ... The foundations of the Hanseatic League (German: Hanse), an alliance of trading cities that for a time in the later Middle Ages and the Early Modern period maintained a trade monopoly over most of Northern Europe and the Baltic, can be seen as early as the 12th century, with the...

In 1440 the eastern Prussian cities formed the Prussian Confederation (Preussische Bund), which led the successful rising (1454) of Prussia against the rule of the Teutonic Order. The Prussian Confederation asked King of Poland Casimir IV of Poland for help in their struggle against the Teutonic Knights. On the request of the confederation Casimir IV annexed Prussia and this led to the Thirteen Years War. As a result of it the city of Elbląg became a part of the province of Royal Prussia under the sovereignty of the Polish crown. Since the 1569, Elbląg became the part of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth that respected local languages and law. The administration switched from Low German Language to use High German language, as was the case in all Hanseatic cities. For alternative meanings, see number 1440. ... In March 1440 a Prussian Confederation (German Preussischer Bund, Polish: Związek Pruski) was organisation of cities, gentry and clergy of Prussia formed under the leadership of the Hanseatic cities Gdansk (Danzig), Elblag (Elbing), and Torun (Thorn). ... Teutonic Knights, charging into battle. ... In March 1440 a Prussian Confederation (German Preussischer Bund, Polish: Związek Pruski) was organisation of cities, gentry and clergy of Prussia formed under the leadership of the Hanseatic cities Gdansk (Danzig), Elblag (Elbing), and Torun (Thorn). ... Reign From 1446 until June 7, 1492 Coronation On June 25, 1447 in the Wawel Cathedral, Kraków, Poland Royal House Jagiellon Parents Władyslaw II Jagiełło Zofia Holszańska Consorts Elżbieta Rakuszanka Children with Elżbieta Rakuszanka Władysław II Jagiellończyk Jadwiga Jagiellonka Kazimierz Swięty Jan I Olbracht Aleksander Jagiellończyk Zofia Elżbieta Zygmunt I... The Thirteen Years War (also called the War of the Cities) started out as an uprising by Prussian cities and the local nobility with the goal of gaining independence from the Teutonic Knights. ... Royal Prussia (Polish: Prusy Królewskie, German: Königliches Preussen) was a Polish province formed from the western part of the Lands of the Teutonic Order following the Thirteen Years War or War of the Cities. During the war, the Prussian Confederation, led by the cities of Gdansk (Danzig), Elblag (Elbing) and... Events January 11 - First recorded lottery in England. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...

With the reformation the burghers became protestants and in 1535 the first Protestant Gymnasium was established in Elbląg. Field altar of the Grand Masters of the Teutonic Order picture from the 1888 Meyers Konversations-Lexikon This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Field altar of the Grand Masters of the Teutonic Order picture from the 1888 Meyers Konversations-Lexikon This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... A gymnasium is a type of school of secondary education in parts of Europe. ...

From 1579 Elbląg had close trade relations with England, to which the city accorded free trade. English and Scots merchants settled in Elbląg and formed the Scots Reformed Church of Elbing. The Scottish newcomers remained and aided Protestant Sweden in the Thirty Years War. The rivalry of nearby Gdańsk several times interrupted trading links. By 1618 Elbląg left the Hanseatic League owing to its close business dealings with England. Royal motto: Dieu et mon droit (French: God and my right) Englands location within the UK Official language English de facto Capital London de facto Largest city London Area - Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 km² Population - Total (2001) - Density Ranked 1st UK 49,138,831 377/km² Religion... Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: Alba) is a country in northwest Europe, occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain. ... The Scottish Reformed Church in Elbląg, Royal Prussia, Poland, was founded by Scottish immigrants to Elbląg. ... The victory of Gustavus Adolphus at the Battle of Breitenfeld (1631) The Thirty Years War was a conflict fought between the years 1618 and 1648, principally in the central European territory of the Holy Roman Empire, but also involving most of the major continental powers. ... Events March 8 - Johannes Kepler discovers the third law of planetary motion (he soon rejects the idea after some initial calculations were made but on May 15 confirms the discovery). ... The foundations of the Hanseatic League (German: Hanse), an alliance of trading cities that for a time in the later Middle Ages and the Early Modern period maintained a trade monopoly over most of Northern Europe and the Baltic, can be seen as early as the 12th century, with the...

Famous inhabitants of the city at that time included native sons Hans von Bodeck, Samuel Hartlib or Hartlieb and for six years the Moravian Brethren refugee Johann Amos Comenius. In 1646 the Elbląg city recorder Daniel Barholz noted, that the Elbląg city council employes Bernsteindreher, also known as Paternostermacher, licensed and guilded amber craftsmen. The family became mayors, councillors etc. The poet Christian Wernicke was born in 1661 in Elbing. Gottfried Achenwall (1719 Elbing + 1772 Goettingen) became famous for his teachings in natural law and human rights law. Hans von Bodeck, born in the Polish Hansa city of Elbląg in 1582, belonged to an old and prominent Elbląg family. ... Samuel Hartlieb (Elbląg, Poland c. ... Comenius on a Czechoslovak 20 koruna banknote Jan Amos Komenský (Latinized Comenius) (March 28, 1592, in Nivnice, Moravia (now Czech Republic) - November 15, 1670, Amsterdam, the Netherlands) was a Czech teacher, educator and writer, known as teacher of nations. ... Events Ongoing events English Civil War (1642-1649) Births April 15 - King Christian V of Denmark (d. ... Christian Wernicke was born in Elblag, Poland in 1661. ... Gottfried Achenwall (20 October 1719, Elbląg in Poland - 1 May 1772) was a German statistician. ...

Imperial Cartographer Johann Friedrich Endersch of Elbląg completed a map of Warmia in 1755 and also made a copper etching of the galiot, named Die Stadt Elbing (The City of Elblag). Johann Friedrich Endersch was a Polish mapmaker and mathematician from Elbląg, Royal Prussia who in 1755 completed a map of Warmia titled: Tabula Geographica Episcopatu Warmiensis In Prussia Exhibiens, which detailed all the surrounding towns. ... Warmia (Polish: Warmia or Warmija, Latin Warmia or Varmia, German Ermland or Ermeland) is a region between Pomerania and Masuria in north-eastern Poland. ... Motto: none Voivodship Warmia-Masuria Municipal government Rada Miejska w Elblągu Mayor Henryk Słonina Area 83,32 km² Population - city - urban - density 130. ...

At the time of the First Partition of Poland in 1772, the city lost its privileges as city-state and was annexed to the Kingdom of Prussia, which in 1871 became a part of the German Empire. 1772 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The Kingdom of Prussia existed from 1701 until 1918, and from 1871 was the leading kingdom of the German Empire, comprising in its last form almost two-thirds of the area of the Empire. ... 1871 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... The Federal Republic of Germany (German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland) is one of the worlds leading industrialised countries, located in the heart of Europe. ...

Industrialization

In 1828 the first steamship was built by Ignatz Grunau. In 1837 Ferdinand Schichau started the Schichau-Werke in Elbing and later a large shipyard in nearby Danzig as well. Schichau constructed the Borussia, the first screw-vessel in Germany. Elbings Schichau-Werke built hydraulic machinery, ships, steam engines and torpedoes. After the inauguration of the railroad to Königsberg in 1853, Elbing's industry began to grow. Schichau worked together with his son-in-law Carl H. Zise, who continued the industrial complex after Schichau's death. Schichau erected large complexes for his many thousands of workers. 1828 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Ferdinand Schichau (1814-1896) was born and died in Elbing, West Prussia. ... Locator map on an international level map of Kaliningrad Oblast Kaliningrad (Russian: Калининград), seaport city, capital and main city of the Kaliningrad Oblast, a small Russian exclave between Poland and Lithuania with access to the Baltic Sea. ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...

Another Prussian engineer Baurat Georg Steenke from Königsberg, had connected Elbing near the Baltic Sea with the southern part of Prussia, by building the Oberland Kanal. Georg Jakob Steenke (1801, Königsberg, Prussia - 1884, Elbing, Prussia) was a Prussian Royal Baurat (construction councillor). ...

As Elbing became an industrialized city, the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) got the majority of votes, in 1912 Reichstag elections even 51 %. The Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD – Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands) is the second oldest political party of Germany still in existence and also one of the oldest and largest in the world, celebrating its 140th anniversary in 2003. ... 1912 is a leap year starting on Monday. ... The Reichstag is both an institutional assembly and a specific building. ...

The LDS Mormons started filming church records of people affected. The Elbing church records (Kirchenbuch) vital statistics are available since 1577.

A large number of the German inhabitants of Elbing fled when the Soviet army approached the city. Almost all who had returned or remained, were expelled during and after the end of World War II, when the city came under Polish administration by order of the Soviet Union.

During the siege of February 1945 the Old Town was burnt down by the approaching Soviet Army. The city was destroyed in 65%, including most of the historical city centre. After the war some of it was demolished and the bricks were used to rebuild Warsaw and Gdańsk. Most of the ruins were demolished in the course of the sixties and seventies. 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Warsaw (Polish: Warszawa, see also other names, in full The Capital City of Warsaw, Polish: Miasto Stołeczne Warszawa) is the capital of Poland and its largest city. ... For alternative meanings of Gdańsk, see Gdansk (disambiguation) The title given to this article lacks diacritics because of certain technical limitations. ...

Elbing Concentration Camps

Elbing in Nazi times was a location for the 3 German concentration camps Elbing, Elbing (Org. Todt), and Elbing (Schinau) that were subcamps of the concentration camp Stutthof. The Nazi party used a right-facing swastika as their symbol and the red and black colors were said to represent Blut und Boden (blood and soil). ... Stutthof, commonly refers to the Stutthof concentration camp complex built near the town of Sztutowo, by Nazi Germany during World War II. Rarely, it may refer to the Polish town of Sztutowo (called by the Germans Stutthof) itself. ...

History after 1945

After the German population has been expelled, the city was repopulated and the name changed back to Elblag. 98% of new inhabitants were Poles expulsed from the areas annexed by the Soviet Union as well as Polish peasants from the over-populated villages in central Poland.

The communist authorities planned that the Old Town, utterly destroyed in 1945, be rebuilt with blocks of flats. However, economical difficulties thwarted this plan. The ruins of the old town were torn down in the sixties and only two churches were left for reconstruction. 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Events and trends The 1960s was a turbulent decade of change around the world. ...

Elbląg was the scene of one of the riots in the coastal cities in 1970 together with Tricity and Szczecin, see also Coastal cities events. 1970 was a common year starting on Thursday. ... For other tricities see Tri-Cities Tricity (also called the Treble City, in Polish Trójmiasto) is the metropolitan area consisting of the three Polish cities Gdańsk (German:Danzig), Gdynia and Sopot. ... Motto: none Voivodship West Pomeranian Municipal government Rada miasta Szczecina Mayor Marian Jurczyk Area 301,3 km² Population - city - urban - density 413 600 1372/km² Founded City rights 8th century 1243 Latitude Longitude 14°34E 53°26N Area code +48 91 Car plates ZS Twin towns Berlin-Kreuzberg... The anti-Communists protests that occurred in Poland in 1970 Prequisites Wladyslaw Gomulkas temporary political success could not mask the economic crisis into which the Peoples Republic of Poland was drifting. ...

After 1989 restoration of the Old Town began. The local authorities passed the plan of rebuilding it with new houses that fit the same dimensions and size rather than historical buildings reconstructed. On some occasions the private investors have incorporated parts of preserved stonework into new architecture. So far approximately 2/3 of the Old Town has been reconstructed. 1989 is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Since the beginning of the restoration, there is an extensive archaeological programme carried out. Most of the city's heritage was destroyed in the 19th century during the construction of basements and the 1945 bombardment, however the backyards of the houses were not changed and the latrines are a source of priceless information on the city's history. Many pieces of art and utilities of everyday use can be seen in the city museum. Among them are the only 15th century binoculars preserved in Europe. Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... (14th century - 15th century - 16th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 15th century was that century which lasted from 1401 to 1500. ... Binoculars A set of binoculars (from Latin, bi-, two-, and oculus, eye) is a hand-held tool used to magnify distant objects by passing the image through two adjacent series of lenses, and erecting prisms. ... World map showing location of Europe A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is geologically and geographically a peninsula, forming the westernmost part of Eurasia. ...

Since 1990 there has been an Elbing German minority group, named Elbinger Minderheit, it counts some hundred persons.

Tourist attractions

Until WWII there were many gothic, renaissance and baroque houses on Elbląg's Old Town, some of them are reconstructed. Other preserved builings are:

(12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. ... Events Magnus VII ascends the throne of Norway and unites the country with Sweden. ... (12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. ... 1961 (As MAD Magazine pointed out on its first cover for the year) was the first upside-down year—i. ...

Education

Sports

EB Start Elbląg is a Polish womens handball team, based in Elbląg, playing in Polish Ekstraklasa Womens Handball League (Premiership League). ... Handball is a popular team sport in Poland. ... Season 2004/2005 teams Season 2003/2004 final results 1st-6th place group 1. ...

Politics

Elbląg constituency

Members of Parliament (Sejm) elected from Elbląg constituency This article is about the lower chamber of Polish parliament. ...

Famous people

Andrzej Sakson is a Polish historian and director of the Western Institute (Instytut Zachodni) in Poznań since 2004. ...

External links:

Historical sources:

Categories: Cities in Poland | Urban counties of Poland | Elblag Large flag of Poland Image originally derived from the public domain flags of the CIA World Factbook. ... A voivodship (in Polish województwo) has been a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland since the 14th century. ... Greater Poland Voivodship (in Polish województwo wielkopolskie) is an administrative region or voivodship of western-central Poland It was created on 1 January 1999 out of the former Poznan, Kalisz, Konin, Pila and Leszno voivodships as a result of Local Government Reorganization Act of 1998. ... Kujavian-Pomeranian voivodship since 1999 The Kujavian-Pomeranian Voivodship (in Polish województwo kujawsko-pomorskie) is an administrative region or voivodship in central-northern Poland. ... The Lesser Poland Voivodship or Little Poland Voivodship (in Polish województwo małopolskie) is an administrative region or voivodship in the south of Poland that contains core areas of the historical and geographical region of Lesser Poland (Malopolska). ... Łódź voivodship since 1999 Coat of Arms of Łódź Voivodship Łódź Voivodship (1) ( Polish województwo łódzkie) is an administrative and local government region in central Poland created on January 1, 1999 out of the former Łódź (2), Sieradz, Piotrkow Trybunalski, Skierniewice and partly Plock voivodships as a result of Local... Lower Silesian voivodship since 1999 Lower Silesia (Polish Dolny Śląsk, German Niederschlesien, Latin Silesia Inferior) is the north-western part of the historical and geographical region of Silesia in Poland, located along the middle Oder River and organized into Lower Silesian Voivodship, (Polish: województwo dolnośląskie) with capital Wrocław It was... Lublin voivodship since 1999 Lublin Voivodship (in Polish województwo lubelskie) is an administrative and local government region or voivodship in the eastern part of Poland. ... Lubusz voivodship since 1999 The Lubusz Voivodship (in Polish województwo lubuskie) is an administrative and local government region or voivodship in the western part of Poland. ... Coat of arms of Masovian Voivodship Masovian voivodship since 1999 The Masovian Voivodship (in Polish województwo mazowieckie) is the largest and most populous of the sixteen Polish administrative regions or voivodships created in 1999. ... Opole voivodship since 1999 1) Opole Voivodship (since 1999) or Opole Silesia (Polish: województwo opolskie, Śląsk Opolski) is an administrative and local government region created on 1 January 1999 out of the former Opole (2) and parts of Czestochowa voivodships as a result of the Local Government Reorganization Act of... The Podlasie Voivodship (in Polish województwo podlaskie, Lithuanian Palenkės vaivadija) is an administrative and local government region or voivodship of north-eastern Poland. ... The Pomeranian Voivodship (in Polish województwo pomorskie) is an administrative region or voivodship in northern Poland within the historic region of Eastern Pomerania. ... Swietokrzyskie voivodship since 1999 Holy Cross Voivodship or Swietokrzyskie Voivodship (Polish Województwo świętokrzyskie) is an administrative region or voivodship in central Poland. ... Silesian voivodship since 1999 Silesia or Silesian Voivodship(1) is an administrative region and local government unit in Poland, established in 1999 out of Katowice, Czętochowa and Bielsko-Biała voivodships as a result of Local Government Reorganisation Act of 1998 (effective 1 January 1999). ... Subcarpathian voivodship since 1999 The Subcarpathian Voivodship (in Polish województwo podkarpackie) is an administrative and local government region or voivodship of south-eastern Poland. ... Warmińsko-Mazurskie voivodship since 1999 Coat of Arms of Warmia-Masuria Warmia i Mazury (officially, the Warmińsko-Mazurskie Voivodship) is an administrative region or voivodship of north-eastern Poland. ... West Pomeranian voivodship since 1999 West Pomerania (Polish: Pomorze Zachodnie, German: West Pommern; Latin Pomerania Occidentalis) or West Pomeranian Voivodship (Polish: województwo zachodniopomorskie) is an administrative region or voivodship in the northwestern part of Poland. ... This page includes a list of cities in Poland and a table of major Polish cities. ... Warsaw (Polish: Warszawa, see also other names, in full The Capital City of Warsaw, Polish: Miasto Stołeczne Warszawa) is the capital of Poland and its largest city. ... . Łódź (pronunciation: ) is the second-largest city (population 776,297 in 2004) of Poland, located in the centre of the country. ... Motto: none Voivodship Lesser Poland Municipal government Rada miasta Kraków Mayor Jacek Majchrowski Area 326,8 km² Population - city - urban - density 757,500 (2004 est. ... . Wrocław (in Polish pronounced: [:vrɔʦwaf], Czech Vratislav, German Breslau, Hungarian: Boroszló, Latin: Wratislavia; many Polish documents in English use the spelling Wroclaw) is the capital of Silesia in southwestern Poland, situated on the Oder River. ... The Poznan is also a breed of horse. ... For alternative meanings of Gdańsk, see Gdansk (disambiguation) The title given to this article lacks diacritics because of certain technical limitations. ... Motto: none Voivodship West Pomeranian Municipal government Rada miasta Szczecina Mayor Marian Jurczyk Area 301,3 km² Population - city - urban - density 413 600 1372/km² Founded City rights 8th century 1243 Latitude Longitude 14°34E 53°26N Area code +48 91 Car plates ZS Twin towns Berlin-Kreuzberg... Bydgoszcz (in Polish pronounce: [:bidgɔʃʧ], Latin: Bydgostia) is a city in northern Poland, on Brda and Vistula rivers, with a population of 369,151 (2004). ... Lublin (pronounce: [lublin]) is the biggest city in eastern Poland and the capital of Lublin Voivodship with a population of 355,954 (2004). ... Katowice (German Kattowitz) (pronounce: [katɔvʲitsɛ], former Polish name Kątowicze, 1953-1956 Stalinogród - Stalin City) is an important city of the historical region of Upper Silesia in southern Poland on the Klodnica and Rawa rivers. ... Białystok (pronounce: [bȋa:wistɔk]) ( Belarusian: Biełastok ([bȋe:lastók], Lithuanian Balstogė (literally meaning white roof)) is the largest city (pop. ... Częstochowa (pronounce: [ʧε̃stɔ:xɔva]) is a city in south Poland on the Warta River with 248,894 inhabitants (2004). ... Gdynia (pronounce: [:gdiɲia], Kashubian Gdiniô; German Gdingen) is a city in the Pomeranian Voivodship of Poland and an important seaport at Gdansk Bay on the south coast of the Baltic Sea. ... Motto: none Voivodship Lubusz Municipal government Rada Miasta Gorzowa Wielkopolskiego Mayor Tadeusz Jędrzejczak Area 86 km² Population - city - urban - density 125 780 - 1463/km² Founded City rights - - Latitude Longitude 52°44 N 15°14 E Area code +48 95 Car plates FG Twin towns - Municipal Website Gorzów Wielkopolski (abbrev. ... Torun - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes. ... Motto: none Voivodship Masovian Municipal government Rada miejska Radomia Mayor Zdzisław Marcinkowski Area 111,7 km² Population - city - urban - density 228 700 - 2047/km² Founded City rights - - Latitude Longitude 51°24 N 21°10 E Area code +48 48 Car plates WR Twin towns - Municipal Website Radom (pronounce: [radɔm]) is... Kielce (pronounce: [ˈkjεlʦε]) is a city in central Poland with 210,311 inhabitants (2004). ... Rzeszów (pronounce: [ʒεʃuv]) is a city in south-eastern Poland with a population of 159,649 ( 2003), granted a town charter in 1354, the capital of the Subcarpathian Voivodship (since 1999), previously of Rzeszow Voivodship ( 1945- 1998). ... Motto: none Voivodship Warmia i Mazury Municipal government Rada Miasta Olsztyn Mayor Czesław Jerzy Małkowski Area 87,9 km² Population - city - urban - density 173 350 - 1972/km² Founded City rights - - Latitude Longitude 53°47 N 20°30 E Area code +48 89 Car plates NO Twin towns - Municipal Website Olsztyn...