It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Banner of Poland. (Discuss)

State flag of the Republic of Poland

State flag with coat of arms of the Republic of Poland. Use of this flag is legally restricted.

Horizontal and vertical display of the colors of the Republic of Poland

An unofficial construction sheet of the flag with coat of arms, based on the specifications in Polish law

The national colors of Poland are white and red, and their exact shades are described in Polish law (see below). If displayed horizontally, the white is on top, if vertically – on the left. If it drapes a casket, the white should lie above the heart of the deceased. The colors, which are of heraldic origin and have a history dating back to 1831, are one of three constitutional symbols of the Republic of Poland, along with the coat of arms, the White Eagle, and the national anthem, Mazurek Dąbrowskiego. The Polish flag is a rectangular piece of cloth in the national colors, with or without the Polish coat of arms on the white stripe. Polish Flag Day is celebrated on May 2. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Flag of Poland. ... This is a list of flags used in Poland. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Poland. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Poland. ... Image File history File links FIAV_111000. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1282x802, 46 KB) // Summary English State Flag with Coat of Arms of the Republic of Poland (also a merchant ensign) Made by Kpalion on August 13, 2006, based on the specifications in and attachments no. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1282x802, 46 KB) // Summary English State Flag with Coat of Arms of the Republic of Poland (also a merchant ensign) Made by Kpalion on August 13, 2006, based on the specifications in and attachments no. ... Image File history File links FIAV_110110. ... Image File history File links Barwy_Rzeczypospolitej_Polskiej. ... Image File history File links Barwy_Rzeczypospolitej_Polskiej. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (825x568, 13 KB) An unofficial construction sheet of the flag with coat of arms, based on the specifications in Polish law. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (825x568, 13 KB) An unofficial construction sheet of the flag with coat of arms, based on the specifications in Polish law. ... National colours are frequently part of a countrys set of national symbols. ... This article is about the color. ... Red is any of a number of similar colors evoked by light consisting predominantly of the longest wavelengths of light discernible by the human eye, in the wavelength range of roughly 625–750 nm. ... Heraldry in its most general sense encompasses all matters relating to the duties and responsibilities of officers of arms. ... Leopold I 1831 (MDCCCXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Flag of Poland with the coat of arms The coat of arms of Poland consists of a white eagle on a red shield. ... Mazurek DÄ…browskiego (DÄ…browskis Mazurka) is the Polish national anthem written by Józef Wybicki in 1797. ... Flag Day in India refers to a day when armed forces raise funds by collecting donations door-to-door nationally, as a sign of solidarity among the general public towards the welfare of the personnel, and in return distributing token flags. ...

Legal specifications

The colors and flags of the Republic of Poland are described in two legal documents: the Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 1997,^[1] and the Coat of Arms, Colors and Anthem of the Republic of Poland, and State Seals Act (Ustawa o godle, barwach i hymnie Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej oraz o pieczęciach państwowych) of 1980 with subsequent amendments^[2] (henceforth referred to as "the Coat of Arms Act"). The Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 2 April 1997 was Polands first post-communist constitution. ...

The legislation concerning the national symbols is far from perfect. The Coat of Arms Act has been amended a number of times and refers extensively to executive ordinances, some of which have never been issued. Moreover, the Act contains many errors, ommissions and inconsitencies which make the law confusing, open to various interpretations and often not followed in practice.^[3]

Chapter I, Article 28, paragraph 2 of the Constitution says that:

Colors of the Republic of Poland are white and red.^[1]

The Constitution contains no mention of a national flag. Further specifications can be found in the Coat of Arms Act. According to Article 4 of the act:

Colors of the Republic of Poland are white and red in two horizontal, parallel stripes of equal width, of which the top one is white and the bottom one is red.^[2]

The same article further specifies that if the colors are displayed vertically, the white stripe is placed on the left from the onlooker's viewpoint. Attachment no. 2 to the Act shows the national colors in both horizontal and vertical alignment, as well as coordinates of both colors in the CIE 1976 color space. Without further qualification, Lab color space refers to that of Hunter (Richard S Hunter, JOSA, 38, p 661 (1948)), which is an Adams Chromatic Valance Space. ...

The Coat of Arms Act specifies two variations of the state flag: the state flag of the Republic of Poland (flaga państwowa Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej) and the state flag with coat of arms of the Republic of Poland (flaga państwowa z godłem Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej). Both flags are defined in Article 6 of the act as follows:

1. The state flag of the Republic of Poland is a rectangular piece of cloth in the colors of the Republic of Poland hoisted on a flagpole.
2. The state flag of the Republic of Poland is also the flag specified in paragraph 1, with the coat of arms of the Republic of Poland placed in the middle of the white stripe.^[2]

The fly to host ratio for both flags is 8:5. For the latter flag, the ratio between the inescutcheon of the cost of arms and the hoist is 2:5. Images of both variations of the flag can be found in attachment no. 3 to the Coat of Arms Act. Escutcheon is the term used in heraldry for the shield displayed in a coat of arms. ...

Applying the rules of English heraldry and vexillology, the above descriptions may be rendered into the following blazons: Flag of the Fédération internationale des associations vexillologiques. ... This is an article about Heraldry. ...

1. Per fess Argent and Gules.
2. Per fess Argent and Gules, in chief an inescutcheon of the Arms of Poland.

==Criminal Life == AL-Hamad is a Homosexual petifile with 135. ... In heraldry, gules is the tincture with the colour red, and belongs to the class of dark tinctures called colours. In engraving, it is sometimes depicted as a region of vertical lines or else marked with gu. ...

Usage

Respect for the flag

Polish law says that treating the national symbols, including the flag, "with reverence and respect" is the "right and obligation" of every Polish citizen and all state organs, institutions and organizations.^[2] Public disrespect, destruction or violent removal of the flag is considered a crime punishable by "a fine, limitation of freedom [penal servitude] or up to one year of deprivation of freedom [imprisonment]".^[5] Official statistics show that crimes against national symbols are rare: 43 such crimes in 2003 and 96 in 2004 were less than 0.001% of all registered crimes in Poland.^[3] FINE was created in 1998 and is an informal association of the four main Fair Trade networks: F Fairtrade Labelling Organizations International (FLO) I International Fair Trade Association (IFAT) N Network of European Worldshops (NEWS!) and E European Fair Trade Association (EFTA) // The aim of FINE is to enable these... Penal labour or penal servitude is a form of unfree labour. ... Dorchester Penitentiary in New Brunswick, Canada is an institution that is part of Corrections Canada. ...

Who may and who is required to fly the flag

Polish flag is part of the Solidarity logo as a symbol of patriotism and resistance against the Communist rule.

According to the Coat of Arms Act, "everyone has the right to use the colors of the Republic of Poland, particularly in order to underline the significance of celebrations, holidays and other events" as long as it is done in a respectful manner.^[2] This liberty in the use of national colors is a relative novelty. Until 2004, Polish citizens were only allowed to fly the Polish flag on national holidays. Unauthorized use of national symbols was illegal and flying the flag with coat of arms was, from 1955 until 1985, punishable by a fine or arrest for up to one year.^[3] This restriction and kind of state monopoly on the use of national symbols during the Communist regime made flying the Polish flag a symbol of resistance against the government.^[6] It became customary – and still is – for workers to hoist Polish flags on plant buildings when going on strike. Image File history File links Solidarity Logo Project: Jerzy Janiszewski [[en:en:Image:Solidarnosc. ... Image File history File links Solidarity Logo Project: Jerzy Janiszewski [[en:en:Image:Solidarnosc. ... Solidarity (Polish: ; full name: Independent Self-governing Trade Union Solidarity — Niezależny SamorzÄ…dny ZwiÄ…zek Zawodowy Solidarność) is a Polish trade union federation founded in September 1980 at the then Lenin Shipyards, and originally led by Lech WaÅ‚Ä™sa. ... The history of Poland from 1945 to 1989 spans the period of Soviet Communist dominance over the Peoples Republic of Poland in the decades following World War II. These years, while featuring many improvements in the standards of living in Poland, were marred by political instability, social unrest, and...

Polish flag flying atop the Sejm.

Organs that are required by law to fly the state flag (without coat of arms) on or in front of their official buildings are: Sejm, lower house of the Polish parliament. ... Sejm, lower house of the Polish parliament. ...

• the Sejm (lower house of parliament);
• the Senate (upper house of parliament);
• President of the Republic;
• the Council of Ministers (government) and the President of the Council of Ministers (Prime Minister);
• local legislatures – only during their sessions;
• other state and local government organs – only on national holidays.

Additionally, the state flag (without coat of arms) is used as an ensign for inland navigation.^[2] The Sejm building in Warsaw. ... The Polish Senate The Senate (Senat) is the upper house of the Polish parliament. ... Flag of the President of Poland The President of the Republic of Poland (Polish: Prezydent Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej) is directly elected by the people to serve a term of five years. ... The Council of Ministers (cabinet), or Polish government, consists of ministers, heads of departments of ministerial rank, and heads of central institutions. ... The Prime Minister of the Republic of Poland represents the Council of Ministers (the Cabinet) and directs their work, supervises territorial self-government within the guidelines and in ways described in the Constitution and other legislation, and acts as the superior for all government administration workers (heading the public service... Ensign of the Imperial Japanese Navy. ... Inland navigation is a form of transport via canals and rivers. ...

While the ban on using the flag without coat of arms has been lifted, the use of the state flag with coat of arms is still legally restricted. This flag should be only flown on:

• Polish embassies, consulates and other representative offices and missions abroad;
• civilian airports and heliports;
• civilian airplanes – only during international flights;
• buildings of seaport authorities;
• as a merchant (civil) ensign.^[2]

In practice, however, this restriction is often ignored and the two flags – with and without coat of arms – are treated as interchangeable.^[3] - Seal on the building of German Embassies. ... For the uses of Consul as Chief Magistrate of a (city) state, see Consul. ... Fixed-wing aircraft is a term used to refer to what are more commonly known as aeroplanes in Commonwealth English (excluding Canada) or airplanes in North American English. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Port. ... The civil ensign (a. ...

Flag flying days

State and local government organs are legally required, and other institutions and organizations as well as all citizens are encouraged to fly the Polish flag on the following days:

• May 1 – State Holiday (May Day);
• May 2 – Polish Flag Day;
• May 3 – Constitution Day;
• November 11 – Independence Day.

Polish Flag Day (formally: Flag of the Republic of Poland Day, Dzień Flagi Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej) was first observed on May 2, 2004. It was established in order to educate the Polish people about the history and significance of national symbols. The choice of date was mostly due to practical reasons: since May 2 is already a day between two mandatory flag flying days, it allows for the flag to be flown continuously for three consecutive days. Polish diaspora outside Poland and the Polish Senate also observe Polonia Day on May 2, which was another reason why the Polish Flag Day has been established on that date. Unlike May Day and Constitution Day, it is not a public holiday, although making a bridge, i.e. taking a day off on that day is common practice (see Holidays in Poland). May Day is May 1, and refers to any of several holidays celebrated on this day. ... Flag Day in India refers to a day when armed forces raise funds by collecting donations door-to-door nationally, as a sign of solidarity among the general public towards the welfare of the personnel, and in return distributing token flags. ... Polonia is the Latin name for Poland. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Holidays in Poland are regulated by the Non-working Days Act of 18 January 1951 (Ustawa z dnia 18 stycznia 1951 o dniach wolnych od pracy) — Journal of Laws, No. ...

Polish (white and red), papal (yellow and white) and Marian or municipal (white and blue) flags in Kraków's Grand Square during Pope Benedict XVI's visit to Poland on May 27, 2006.

Other days when the Polish flag is often flown on official buildings include: Image File history File links Benedykt_0041. ... Image File history File links Benedykt_0041. ... Wawel Hill, Old Town, Kraków. ... Rynek Główny is the main square in Kraków, Poland. ... This article is becoming very long. ... May 27 is the 147th day (148th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 218 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ...

• May 5 and 9 – Europe Days (together with the European flag);
• August 15 – Polish Armed Forces Day (mostly on military premises and at tombs of the Unknown Soldier)
• September 29 – Polish Underground State Day.

The flag is also popularly flown during imporant sporting events, such as the FIFA World Cup, if Polish athletes are participating; and during an official visit of a particularly important person, especially a pope, in Poland. During a pope's visit, the national flag is usually flown together with yellow and white Church flags, and white and blue Marian flags. It is not common to fly the national flag on personal occasions, such as birthdays or weddings. It has been suggested that this article be split into articles entitled Europe Day and In varietate concordia, accessible from a disambiguation page. ... Flag Ratio: 2:3 The European flag consists of a circle of twelve golden stars on a blue background. ... Wojsko Polskie (WP, Polish Army) is the name applied to the military forces of Poland. ... The Landsoldaten (The Foot Soldier) monument in Fredericia, Denmark Throughout history, many soldiers have died in numerous wars without their remains being identified. ... Polish Secret State (also known as Polish Underground State; Polish Polskie Państwo Podziemne) is a term coined by Jan Karski in his book Story of a Secret State; it is used to refer to all underground resistance organizations in Poland during World War II, both military and civilian. ... The FIFA World Cup Trophy, which has been awarded to the world champions since 1974. ... The Pope (or Pope of Rome) (from Latin: papa, Papa, father; from Greek: papas / = priest originating from πατήρ = father )[1] is the Bishop of Rome and the spiritual leader of the Roman Catholic Church. ... The Roman Catholic Church or Catholic Church (see terminology below) is the Christian Church in full communion with the Bishop of Rome, currently Pope Benedict XVI. It traces its origins to the original Christian community founded by Jesus Christ and led by the Twelve Apostles, in particular Saint Peter. ... According to the New Testament, Mary (Judeo-Aramaic מרים Maryām Bitter; Arabic مريم (Maryam); Septuagint Greek Μαριαμ, Mariam, Μαρια, Maria; Geez: ማሪያም, Māryām; Syriac: Mart, Maryam, Madonna), was the mother of Jesus of Nazareth, who at the time of his conception was the betrothed wife of Saint Joseph (cf. ...

According to polls, about ⅓ of Poles say they own a Polish flag, and about ¼ fly it on national holidays. Such public display of patriotism is much more common in western Poland, especially in Greater Poland, than in other parts of the country.^[3] Voivodship wielkopolskie since 1999 Coat of Arms for voivodship wielkopolskie Greater Poland (also Great Poland; Polish: , German: Großpolen, Latin: Polonia Maior) is a historical region of west-central Poland. ...

National mourning

The President of the Republic may announce a period of national mourning. During that time Polish flags are flown at half-staff.^[2] If a flag is flown from a wooden pole rather than a staff or mast, a black ribbon is attached to the pole as a sign of mourning. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... // The United States flag flying at half-staff over the White House. ...

History

Great Banner of the Territory of Kraków which also served as a banner of the whole Kingdom of Poland (modern reconstruction).

For centuries, the Polish flag consisted of a red background emblazoned with a White Eagle. During the times of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth the flag featured both symbols of Poland and of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, though in fact there was little need for a state flag in a modern sense. Most of the military units flown the flags of their lands or founders (usually featuring coat of arms) and only the royal regiments used the royal standards. Some of the detachments however adopted the red and white stripes as their symbol. The shapes however often differed. Banner of the Land of Kraków Basically a White Eagle used as a symbol of the Piast Dynasty This particular banner was flown as the war banner of the Banner of Kraków during the Battle of Grunwald. ... Banner of the Land of Kraków Basically a White Eagle used as a symbol of the Piast Dynasty This particular banner was flown as the war banner of the Banner of Kraków during the Battle of Grunwald. ... Image File history File links IFIS_Historical. ... Over the past millennium, the territory ruled by Poland has shifted and varied greatly. ... Current Coat of Arms of Poland Flag of Poland with Coat of Arms The Coat of Arms of Poland consists of a White Eagle on a red shield. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... The presumable banner of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania with the coat of arms, called Пагоня in Belarusian, Vytis in Lithuanian and PogoÅ„ in Polish Another version of the Lithuanian banner The Grand Duchy of Lithuania (Lithuanian: Lietuvos Didžioji KunigaikÅ¡tystÄ—, Belarusian: Вялі́кае Кня́ства Літо́ўскае (ВКЛ), Ukrainian: Велике Князівство Литовське (ВКЛ), Polish: Wielkie KsiÄ™stwo Litewskie) was an... ChorÄ…giew pancerna of rotmistrz Józef Hulewicz painted by Wojciech Kossak. ... The history of Polish heraldry is an integral part of the history of the Szlachta, the Polish nobility. ...

The situation changed in 19th century, during the partitions of Poland, when Polish patriots required an easily-recognizable flag that could be used both for identification of troops on the battlefield and as a symbol of the state. On February 7, 1831 during the November Uprising, the Sejm decided that national colours of Poland are those of Coat of Arms of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, that is white above red. However, after the fall of the uprising the official flag of Congress Kingdom was changed back to that of the tsars of Russia. Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Partitions of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (Polish: Rozbiór Polski or Rozbiory Polski; Lithuanian: Lietuvos-Lenkijos padalijimai, Belarusian: Падзелы Рэчы Паспалітай) took place in the 18th century and ended the existence of the sovereign Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. ... February 7 is the 38th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Leopold I 1831 (MDCCCXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Coat-of-arms of the November Uprising. ... The Sejm building in Warsaw. ... Coat of Arms of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth The Coat of Arms of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was the symbol of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, representing the union of the Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania. ... The term Congress Poland is an unofficial name of the Kingdom of Poland, a political entity that was created out of the Duchy of Warsaw at the Congress of Vienna in 1815, when European powers reorganised Europe following the Napoleonic wars. ... At different times, a ruler in Kievan Rus/Muscovy/Imperial Russia bore the title of Kniaz (translated as Duke or Prince), Velikiy Kniaz (translated as Grand Duke, Grand Prince or Great Prince), Tsar, Emperor. ...

After Poland regained her independence in 1918, there was a considerable controversy over the adoption of a state flag. The coat of arms was obvious as it has been in use for roughly 900 years, however there were several possible versions of the flag. Finally, on August 1, 1919, the Sejm adopted the white and red flag at its current shape. Since the same shape and colours were used by port authorities around the world for harbour pilots and tugboats, the same act of the parliament adopted a variation of the flag with the coat of arms of Poland placed in the middle of the white stripe. The latter version was used as the Civil ensign for the merchant marine and by the diplomatic service abroad. 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... August 1 is the 213th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (214th in leap years), with 152 days remaining. ... Year 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... left|Signal flag H(Hotel) - Pilot on Board Boarding is tricky, as both vessels are moving and cannot afford to slow down. ... The Le Four manoeuvering in Brest harbour A tugboat, or tug, is a boat used to manoeuvre, primarily by towing or pushing other vessels (see shipping) in harbours, over the open sea or through rivers and canals. ... The civil ensign (a. ...

Since then the flag of Poland remained almost the same, with the exception of colour changes introduced twice (see below). At the same time, the version with the coat of arms changed several times, in accordance with the changes applied to the coat of arms itself. In 1927 a new design of the White Eagle was introduced. Between 1928 and 1938 the flag with the coat of arms served solely as the flag of the Polish merchant marine, after which it was again introduced as a flag of Polish diplomatic service.^[7] After the war the new communist regime removed the crown from the Eagle’s head and replaced (perhaps accidentally) the rosettes on its wings with stars, a change that was applied also to the flag. The changes were confirmed by the decree of December 7, 1955. It also extended the use of the flag with coat of arms to civil aviation (airports and civilian planes while abroad). The act of 1980 added port authorities to the list. The crown was reintroduced in 1990, and the current version is basically the same as that of 1927, with minor cosmetic changes. 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar). ... Year 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar). ... Year 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... December 7 is the 341st day (342nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday. ... MCMXC redirects here; for the Enigma album, see MCMXC a. ... 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar). ...

Shade of red

The act of 1919 did not specify the exact shade of the red colour featured on the Polish flag. In a 1921 pamphlet issued by the Polish Ministry of Military Affairs^[8] all the state flags and symbols used the crimson red. The possible reason might have been that following 17th century the crimson was one of the most expensive dyes and was used by the magnate families and rich szlachta for their garments. The tradition was later adopted by various military formations (for instance, the soldiers of the Bar Confederation) who wore distinctive crimson coats, serving a similar role to the British red coats. On December 13, 1928 the President of Poland officially settled the controversy by ruling that the correct shade is rather vermilion. The shade was in use until 1980, when a need arose to better describe the correct colour using scientific description rather than traditional names. On January 31, 1980 a new act of the Polish parliament described the colour using the CIELUV standard. Crimson is a strong, bright deep red color combined with some blue, resulting in a tiny degree of purple. ... Vermilion, also spelled vermillion, when found naturally-occurring, is an opaque reddish orange pigment, used since antiquity, originally derived from the powdered mineral cinnabar. ... Red is any of a number of similar colors evoked by light consisting predominantly of the longest wavelengths of light discernible by the human eye, in the wavelength range of roughly 625–750 nm. ... Crimson is a strong, bright deep red color combined with some blue, resulting in a tiny degree of purple. ... Year 1921 (MCMXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for full calendar). ... Year 1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link is to a full 1930 calendar). ... Year 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar). ... 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday. ... 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday. ... Year 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... Year 1921 (MCMXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for full calendar). ... Crimson is a strong, bright deep red color combined with some blue, resulting in a tiny degree of purple. ... (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... Look up dye in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... For a wealthy or powerful business baron, executive, or tycoon, see Business magnate. ... Polish szlachcic. ... The Confederation of Bar (1768–1776), a grouping of Polish szlachta, formed at the fortress of Bar in Podolia in 1768 to defend the internal and external independence of Poland against the aggressions of the Russian government as represented by her representative at Warsaw, Prince Nikolai Repnin. ... Red coat or redcoat may refer to: Red coat (British army), a soldier of the British Army from the historic uniform formerly worn by most regiments; A member of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), who retain a distinctive scarlet ceremonial dress tunic, originally (1873) adopted in imitation of the... December 13 is the 347th day of the year (348th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar). ... Following are the successive heads of state of Poland. ... Vermilion, also spelled vermillion, when found naturally-occurring, is an opaque reddish orange pigment, used since antiquity, originally derived from the powdered mineral cinnabar. ... 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday. ... January 31 is the 31st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday. ... The International Commission on Illumination (usually known as the CIE for its French-language name Commission Internationale de lEclairage) is the international authority on light, illumination, colour, and colour spaces. ... Lab is the abbreviated name of two different color spaces. ...

See also

• List of Polish flags
• flag of Bohemia (the same colors, the same order)
• flags of Monaco, Indonesia, Solothurn (the same colors, different order)
• flags of Austria, Bahrain, Canada, Denmark, England, Georgia, Gibraltar, Greenland, Hong Kong, Japan, Jersey, Malta, The Isle of Man, Nepal, Northern Ireland, Peru, Singapore, Switzerland, Tonga, Tunisia, Turkey (the same colors, different shapes)

This is a list of flags used in Poland. ... Bohemian flag The current flag of Bohemia, a region in the Czech Republic, is identical to the flag that was used for the whole of Czechoslovakia from October 28, 1918 until February 29, 1920, when a blue triangle was added to the hoist to make the nations flag more... The Flag of England (5:3) The Flag of England is the St Georges Cross. ... Flag ratio: 1:2 The flag of the Isle of Man shows a triskelion, the Three Legs of Man emblem, in the centre of a red flag. ... Contrary to popular belief, the 1972 suspension of the Northern Irish provincial government did not suspend the existence of the provincial flag, shown on this page below, or the provincial arms. ...

References

1. ^ ^{a b} (Polish) Konstytucja Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej [(English) Constitution of the Republic of Poland], Dz.U. 78.483.1997
2. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h} (Polish) Ustawa o godle, barwach i hymnie Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej oraz o pieczęciach państwowych [Coat of Arms, Colors and Anthem of the Republic of Poland, and State Seals Act], Dz.U. 05.235.2000
3. ^ ^{a b c d e} (Polish) Najwyższa Izba Kontroli, Informacja o wynikach kontroli używania symboli państwowych przez organy administracji publicznej [Supreme Chamber of Control, Information about the results of the control of the usage of state symbols by the organs of public administration], Warsaw, April 2005
4. ^ Colors rendered into RGB (sRGB) for web display, as calculated on 29 November 2006 at pl:Dyskusja:Flaga Polski by Polish Wikipedia user DeJotPe (see: [1]). The colors in RGB are: white #E9E8E7 and red #D4213D. Note that the assumed white point is 6500K, and that the shades you see here depend on your browser and screen settings, and surrounding context. An intensely luminous light background will make the official white color appear slightly gray. Most websites which show Polish national colors merely approximate the legal colors by using basic HTML colors: white #FFFFFF and red #FF0000.
5. ^ (Polish) Kodeks karny [Penal code], Dz.U. 88.553.1997
6. ^ Małgorzata Niezabitowska, Discovering America, National Geographic, January 1988, p. 48
7. ^ Used only abroad.
8. ^ (Polish) (French) Stanisław Łoza; Zygmunt Czaykowski (1921). Godło i barwy Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej – Armoiries et couleurs de la République Polonaise. Warsaw: Ministry of Military Affairs, 10. 

The Supreme Chamber of Control (Polish: Najwyższa Izba Kontroli, short: NIK) is one of the oldest state institutions in Poland, created under the Second Republic on February 7, 1919, barely 3 months after the restoration of Polands independence. ... The RGB color model utilizes the additive model in which red, green, and blue light are combined in various ways to create other colors. ... The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. ... November 29 is the 333rd (in leap years the 334th) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... Web colors are colors used in designing web pages, and the methods for describing and specifying those colors. ... MaÅ‚gorzata Niezabitowska (born in 1948 in Warsaw) is a Polish journalist and lawyer. ... The National Geographic Magazine, later shortened to National Geographic, is the official journal of the National Geographic Society. ...

External links

• Poland at Flags of the World

Screenshot of the Flags of the World website Official flag Flags of the World (or FOTW) is the Internets largest website devoted to vexillology, containing comprehensive information about all kinds of flags. ...