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Historically, Flanders (Dutch: Vlaanderen) was a region overlapping parts of Belgium, France, and the Netherlands. Today, Flanders often designates the merged Flemish Region and Flemish Community, with a parliament and government for the inhabitants of the northern half of Belgium.[2] Flanders may also refer to the Flemish Region, which does not include Brussels-Capital. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
Image File history File links Flag_of_Flanders. ...
This is a list of flags used in Belgium. ...
A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that is evoking and eulogising the history, traditions and struggles of its people, recognised either by a countrys government as the official national song, or by convention through use by the people. ...
De Vlaamse Leeuw (Dutch: The Flemish Lion) is the national anthem of Flanders, the northern, Dutch-speaking, and largest region and community (in terms of population) of the federal kingdom of Belgium. ...
Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
File links The following pages link to this file: Flanders Categories: Images with unknown source ...
The Flemish region is one of the three official regions of the Kingdom of Belgium (alongside the Walloon Region and the Brussels-Capital Region). ...
Not to be confused with capitol. ...
For other places with the same name, see Brussels (disambiguation). ...
An official language is a language that is given a unique legal status in the countries, states, and other territories. ...
This is a list of Minister-Presidents (prime ministers) of Flanders, one of the three regions of Belgium. ...
Kris Peeters (May 18, 1962) is a Flemish politician and member of the Christian Democratic and Flemish party who is currently serving as Flemish Minister for Public Works, Energy, the Environment and Nature. ...
This article is about the physical quantity. ...
A square metre (US spelling: square meter) is by definition the area enclosed by a square with sides each 1 metre long. ...
A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ...
Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ...
File links The following pages link to this file: Flanders Flemish Community Categories: Images with unknown source ...
the Flemish community has jurisdiction over Flanders and over the Dutch language institutions in Brussels. ...
The Flemish region is one of the three official regions of the Kingdom of Belgium (alongside the Walloon Region and the Brussels-Capital Region). ...
the Flemish community has jurisdiction over Flanders and over the Dutch language institutions in Brussels. ...
The Flemish Parliament (Dutch: Vlaams Parlement, and formerly called Flemish Council or Vlaamse Raad) constitutes the legislative power in Flanders, for matters which fall within the competence of Flanders, both as a geographic region and a cultural and linguistic community of Belgium. ...
The Flemish region is one of the three official regions of the Kingdom of Belgium (alongside the Walloon Region and the Brussels-Capital Region). ...
The Brussels-Capital Region (French: R gion de Bruxelles-Capitale, Dutch: Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest, German: Region Br ssel-Hauptstadt) or Brussels Region (French: R gion Bruxelloise, Dutch: Brusselse Gewest) is one of the three regions of Belgium. ...
West Flanders and East Flanders are two of the five provinces of the Flemish Region, both located in its western part. French Flanders may designate the departement called Nord ("North") or the larger Nord-Pas de Calais region in which Nord is located. Zeelandic Flanders, in Dutch Zeeuws-Vlaanderen, refers to a part of the Netherlands located in Zeeland. West Flanders (Dutch: West-Vlaanderen) is the westernmost province of Flanders and of Belgium. ...
East Flanders is a province of Flanders, one of the three regions of Belgium. ...
Nord (French, the north) is a département in the north of France. ...
Extent of Flemish in the Arrondissement of Dunkirk, 1874 and 1972 Nord (French: North) is a département in the north of France. ...
(Region flag) (Region logo) Location Administration Capital Regional President Departments Nord Pas-de-Calais Arrondissements 13 Cantons 156 Communes 1,546 Statistics Land area1 12,414 km² Population (Ranked 4th) - January 1, 2006 est. ...
Zeeuws-Vlaanderen is the part of the Netherlands (no. ...
Capital Middelburg Largest city Terneuzen Queens Commissioner Karla Peijs Religion (1999) Protestant 35% Catholic 23% Area • Land • Water 1,788 km² (10th) 1,146 km² Population (2006) • Total • Density 380,186 (11th) 213/km² (10th) Anthem Zeeuws volkslied ISO NL-ZE Official website www. ...
[edit] Flanders in Belgium The term "Flanders" has several main meanings: - the social, cultural and linguistic, scientific and educational, economical and political community of the Flemings; generally called the "Flemish community" (small "c") (others refer to this as the "Flemish nation") which is, with over 6 million inhabitants, the majority of all Belgians;
- the constituent governing institution of the federal Belgian state through the institutions named the Flemish Community (capital "C"), exercising the powers on most of those domains for aforementioned community, and the officially Dutch-speaking Flemish Region which has powers mainly on economical matters. The Community absorbed the Region, leading to a single operative body as the Flemish government and a legislative one as the Flemish parliament;
- the geographical region in the north of Belgium coinciding with the federal Belgian state's constituent part of the Flemish Region that unlike the Community excludes the bilingual Capital Region; historically there had been no distinction between Brussels and the surrounding geographical area;
- the geographical area comprising the two westernmost provinces of the Flemish Region, West Flanders and East Flanders, parts of a former countship named Flanders.
Flemings (Dutch: Vlamingen) are inhabitants of Flanders in the widest sense of the term, i. ...
A community is a social group of organisms sharing an environment, normally with shared interests. ...
the Flemish community has jurisdiction over Flanders and over the Dutch language institutions in Brussels. ...
The Flemish region is one of the three official regions of the Kingdom of Belgium (alongside the Walloon Region and the Brussels-Capital Region). ...
// Definitions Flanders (Dutch: Vlaanderen, French: Flandre or Flandres) has two main designations: a historical region (the County of Flanders), and an administrative region of Belgium (the Flemish Region and the Flemish Community). ...
The Flemish Parliament (Dutch: Vlaams Parlement, and formerly called Flemish Council or Vlaamse Raad) constitutes the legislative power in Flanders, for matters which fall within the competence of Flanders, both as a geographic region and a cultural and linguistic community of Belgium. ...
The Brussels-Capital Region (French: R gion de Bruxelles-Capitale, Dutch: Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest, German: Region Br ssel-Hauptstadt) or Brussels Region (French: R gion Bruxelloise, Dutch: Brusselse Gewest) is one of the three regions of Belgium. ...
West Flanders (Dutch: West-Vlaanderen) is the westernmost province of Flanders and of Belgium. ...
East Flanders is a province of Flanders, one of the three regions of Belgium. ...
Coat of arms of the Counts of Flanders (or a lion rampant sable, armed and langued gules). ...
[edit] Flanders in France -
Nord (French, the north) is a département in the north of France. ...
Extent of Dutch in the Arrondissement of Dunkirk, 1874 and 1972 Nord (French term for: North) is a département in the north of France. ...
[edit] Flanders in the Netherlands -
Zeeuws-Vlaanderen is the part of the Netherlands (no. ...
[edit] Evolution of the term "Flanders" Vlaanderen literally means flooded land.[citation needed] The precise geographical area denominated by "Flanders" has evolved a great deal over the centuries. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 523 KB) Summary Picture taken by myself. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 523 KB) Summary Picture taken by myself. ...
West Flanders (Dutch: West-Vlaanderen) is the westernmost province of Flanders and of Belgium. ...
In the Middle Ages, the term Flanders was applied to an area in western Europe, the County of Flanders, spread over: The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ...
For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ...
Coat of arms of the Counts of Flanders (or a lion rampant sable, armed and langued gules). ...
The significance of the County and its counts eroded through time, but the designation remained in a very broad sense. In the Early Modern, the term Flanders was associated to the southern part of the Low Countries, the Southern Netherlands. During the 19th and 20th centuries, it became increasingly commonplace to refer to the area from De Panne to Maasmechelen, including the Belgian parts of the Duchy of Brabant and Limburg, as "Flanders". East Flanders is a province of Flanders, one of the three regions of Belgium. ...
West Flanders (Dutch: West-Vlaanderen) is the westernmost province of Flanders and of Belgium. ...
The Scheldt (Dutch: Schelde, French Escaut) is a 350 km[1] long river in northern France, western Belgium and the southwestern part of the Netherlands. ...
Tournai (in Dutch: Doornik in Latin: Tornacum) is a municipality located 85 kilometres southwest of Brussels, on the river Scheldt (in French: Escaut, in Dutch: Schelde), in the Belgian province of Hainaut. ...
Hainaut (French; English traditionally Hainault, Dutch: Henegouwen, German: Hennegau, Walloon: Hinnot) is the westernmost province of Wallonia, one of the three regions of Belgium. ...
Nord (French, the north) is a département in the north of France. ...
The 100 French departments are divided into 342 arrondissements, which may be translated into English as districts. ...
The arrondissement of Lille is an arrondissement of France, located in the Nord département, of the Nord-Pas-de-Calais région. ...
Location of Douai. ...
Coat of arms of the Counts of Flanders Romance Flanders or Gallicant Flanders is the part of the county of Flanders where people speak romance languages (then called Walloon) like varieties of picard. ...
Gallic, derived from the name for the ancient Roman province of Gaul, describes the cultural traditions and national characters of the French speaking nations and regions, as Hispanic does for the Hispanophone world, Anglo-Saxon for the Anglophone, and Lusitanic for the Lusophone. ...
Coat of arms of the Counts of Flanders The Walloon Flanders (in French Flandre wallonne) is a part of the County of Flanders. ...
Walloon (Walon) is a regional Romance language spoken as a second language by some in Wallonia (Belgium). ...
Picard is a language closely related to French, and as such is one of the larger group of Romance languages. ...
For other uses, see Lille (disambiguation). ...
For the group of heart conditions referred to as TGV, see transposition of the great vessels. ...
The départements (or departments) are administrative units of France and many former French colonies, roughly analogous to English counties. ...
Extent of Flemish in the Arrondissement of Dunkirk, 1874 and 1972 Nord (French: North) is a département in the north of France. ...
(Region flag) (Region logo) Location Administration Capital Regional President Departments Nord Pas-de-Calais Arrondissements 13 Cantons 156 Communes 1,546 Statistics Land area1 12,414 km² Population (Ranked 4th) - January 1, 2006 est. ...
Westhoek (Dutch for west corner) or Maritime Flanders (French: ) is a region in Belgium and France and includes the following areas: Location of Belgian Westhoek in West Flanders Belgian Westhoek (Dutch: Belgische Westhoek) including the West Flanders arrondissements of Diksmuide, Ypres, and Veurne including the cities of Veurne, Poperinge, Wervik...
The Kingdom of France was organised into provinces until March 4, 1790, when the establishment of the département system superseded provinces. ...
Capital Middelburg Largest city Terneuzen Queens Commissioner Karla Peijs Religion (1999) Protestant 35% Catholic 23% Area • Land • Water 1,788 km² (10th) 1,146 km² Population (2006) • Total • Density 380,186 (11th) 213/km² (10th) Anthem Zeeuws volkslied ISO NL-ZE Official website www. ...
Zeeuws-Vlaanderen is the part of the Netherlands (no. ...
The counts of Flanders ruled over the county of Flanders from the 9th century. ...
The early modern period is a term used by historians to refer to the period in Western Europe and its first colonies, between the Middle Ages and modern society. ...
The Southern Netherlands were a part of the Low Countries controlled by Spain (Spanish Netherlands, 1579-1713), Austria (Austrian Netherlands, 1713-1794) and France (1794-1815). ...
De Panne: Beach and flats De Panne is a municipality located in the Belgian province of West Flanders. ...
Geography Country Belgium Community Flemish Community Region Flemish Region Province Limburg Arrondissement Tongeren Coordinates , , Area 76. ...
Brabant is a former duchy in the Low Countries, and a former province of Belgium. ...
Limburg is the easternmost province of Flanders (which is one of the three regions of Belgium), and is located west of the Meuse river. ...
The ambiguity between this eastwardly much wider area and that of the Countship (or the Belgian parts thereof), still remains. In most present-day contexts however, the term Flanders is generally taken to refer to either the political, social, cultural and linguistic community (and the corresponding official institution, the Flemish Community), or the geographical area, one of the three institutional regions in Belgium, namely the Flemish Region. the Flemish community has jurisdiction over Flanders and over the Dutch language institutions in Brussels. ...
The Flemish region is one of the three official regions of the Kingdom of Belgium (alongside the Walloon Region and the Brussels-Capital Region). ...
In history of art, the adjectives Flemish, Dutch and Netherlandish are commonly used to designate all the artistic production in this area. For examples, Flemish Primitives is synonym for early Netherlandish painting, Franco-Flemish School for Dutch School, and it is not uncommon to see Mosan art categorized as Flemish art. This article is an overview of the history of art worldwide. ...
The Arnolfini Portrait by Jan van Eyck, National Gallery, London. ...
In music, the Dutch School refers, somewhat imprecisely, to the style of polyphonic vocal music composition in Europe in the 15th and 16th centuries. ...
Mosan art or Rheno-Mosan art is medieval art from the valleys of the Meuse and Rhine, in present-day Belgium and Rhineland, from the 11th, 12th and 13th centuries. ...
[edit] History
[edit] Early history - , in particular section Origins of the Belgae
The area roughly encompassing the later geographical meanings of Flanders, had been inhabited by Celts till a Germanic people had been immigrating by crossing the Rhine either gradually driving them south- or westwards, or rather merging with them. By the first century BCE Germanic languages had become prevalent, and the inhabitants were called Belgæ while the area was the coastal district of Gallia Belgica, the most northeastern province of the Roman Empire at its height. The boundaries were the Marne and Seine in the West, with Brittany, and the Rhine in the East, with Frisia. This changed upon the Count of Rouen's settlement with the King of France, which made a cession of western Flanders and eastern Brittany to the Normans. The Belgae were a group of nations or tribes living in north-eastern Gaul, on the west bank of the Rhine, in the 1st century BC, and later also attested in Britain. ...
The Belgae were a group of nations or tribes living in north-eastern Gaul, on the west bank of the Rhine, in the 1st century BC, and later also attested in Britain. ...
Celts, normally pronounced // (see article on pronunciation), refers primarily to the members of any of a number of peoples in Europe using the Celtic languages, a branch of Indo-European languages, or descended from those who did. ...
Thor/Donar, Germanic thunder god. ...
It has been suggested that River Rhine Pollution: November 1986 be merged into this article or section. ...
The Germanic languages are a group of related languages constituting a branch of the Indo-European (IE) language family. ...
The Belgae were a group of nations or tribes living in north-eastern Gaul, on the west bank of the Rhine, in the 1st century BC, and later also attested in Britain. ...
The Roman Province of Gallia Belgica in 58 BCE The Roman Province of Gallia Belgica around 120 CE Gallia Belgica was a Roman province located in what is now the southern part of the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, northeastern France, and western Germany. ...
For other uses, see Roman Empire (disambiguation). ...
Marne is a department in north-eastern France named after the Marne River which flows through the department. ...
The Seine (pronounced in French) is a major river of north-western France, and one of its commercial waterways. ...
Historical province of Brittany, showing the main areas with their name in Breton language The traditional flag of Brittany (the Gwenn-ha-du), formerly a Breton nationalist symbol but today used as a general civic flag in the region. ...
It has been suggested that River Rhine Pollution: November 1986 be merged into this article or section. ...
Satellite view of the German Bight (the Frisian Coast). ...
Rollo on the Six Dukes statue in the Falaise town square. ...
Norman conquests in red. ...
[edit] Historical Flanders: County of Flanders -
Created in the year 862, the County of Flanders was divided when its western districts fell under French rule in the late 12th century. The remaining parts of Flanders came under the rule of the counts of neighbouring Hainaut in 1191. The entire area passed in 1384 to the dukes of Burgundy, in 1477 to the Habsburg dynasty, and in 1556 to the kings of Spain. The western districts of Flanders came finally under French rule under successive treaties of 1659 (Artois), 1668, and 1678. Coat of arms of the Counts of Flanders (or a lion rampant sable, armed and langued gules). ...
Events Rurik gained control of Novgorod. ...
The virtually independent county of Hainaut emerged from chaotic conditions at the end of the 9th century as a semi-independent state, at first a vassal of the crown of Lotharingia. ...
// Events May 12 - Richard I of England marries Berengaria of Navarre. ...
Year 1384 was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. ...
Coat of arms of the second Duchy of Burgundy and later of the French province of Burgundy Burgundy (French: ; German: ) is a historic region of France, inhabited in turn by Celts (Gauls), Romans (Gallo-Romans), and various Germanic peoples, most importantly the Burgundians and the Franks; the former gave their...
Events January 5 - Battle of Nancy - Charles the Bold of Burgundy is again defeated, and this time is killed. ...
Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy; also used as the flag of the Austrian Empire until the Ausgleich of 1867. ...
Events January 16 - Abdication of Emperor Charles V. His son, Philip II becomes King of Spain, while his brother Ferdinand becomes Holy Roman Emperor January 23 - The Shaanxi earthquake, the deadliest earthquake in history, occurs with its epicenter in Shaanxi province, China. ...
// Events May 25 - Richard Cromwell resigns as Lord Protector of England following the restoration of the Long Parliament, beginning a second brief period of the republican government called the Commonwealth. ...
1668 (MDCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ...
Events August 10 - Treaty of Nijmegen ends the Dutch War. ...
During the late Middle Ages Flanders' trading towns (notably Ghent, Bruges and Ypres) made it one of the most urbanised parts of Europe, weaving the wool of neighbouring lands into cloth for both domestic use and export. The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ...
Geography Country Belgium Community Flemish Community Region Flemish Region Province East Flanders Arrondissement Ghent Coordinates , , Area 156. ...
Geography Country Belgium Community Flemish Community Region Flemish Region Province West Flanders Arrondissement Bruges Coordinates , , Area 138. ...
Geography Country Belgium Community Flemish Community Region Flemish Region Province West Flanders Arrondissement Ypres Coordinates , , Area 130. ...
Long and short hair wool at the South Central Family Farm Research Center in Boonesville, Arizona Wool is the fiber derived from the fur of animals and people of the Caprinae family, principally sheep, but the hair of certain species of other mammals such as goats and rabbits and oxes...
Increasingly powerful from the 12th century, the territory's autonomous urban communes were instrumental in defeating a French attempt at annexation (1300–1302), finally defeating the French in the Battle of the Golden Spurs (July 11, 1302), near Kortrijk. Two years later, the uprising was defeated and Flanders remained part of the French Crown. Flemish prosperity waned in the following century, however, owing to widespread European population decline following the Black Death of 1348, the disruption of trade during the Anglo-French Hundred Years' War (1338–1453), and increased English cloth production. Flemish weavers had gone over to Worstead and North Walsham in Norfolk in the 12th century and established the woollen industry. (11th century - 12th century - 13th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 12th century was that century which lasted from 1101 to 1200. ...
Defensive towers at San Gimignano, Tuscany, bear witness to the factional strife within communes. ...
Events February 22 - Jubilee of Pope Boniface VIII. March 10 - Wardrobe accounts of King Edward I of Englanddo (aka Edward Longshanks) include a reference to a game called creag being played at the town of Newenden in Kent. ...
Events July 11 - Battle of the Golden Spurs (Guldensporenslag in Dutch), major victory of Flanders over the French occupier. ...
Combatants Flanders France Commanders Willem van Gullik Pieter de Coninc Guy of Namur Robert II of Artois Strength 9,000 8,000 Casualties 100 est. ...
is the 192nd day of the year (193rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Events July 11 - Battle of the Golden Spurs (Guldensporenslag in Dutch), major victory of Flanders over the French occupier. ...
Geography Country Belgium Community Flemish Community Region Flemish Region Province West Flanders Arrondissement Kortrijk Coordinates , , Area 80. ...
This article concerns the mid fourteenth century pandemic. ...
April 7 - Charles University is founded in Prague. ...
Combatants France Castile Scotland Genoa Majorca Bohemia Crown of Aragon Brittany England Burgundy Brittany Portugal Navarre Flanders Hainaut Aquitaine Luxembourg Holy Roman Empire The Hundred Years War was a conflict between France and England, lasting 116 years from 1337 to 1453. ...
Events Ashikaga Takauji granted title of Shogun by the emperor of Japan. ...
April 2 - Mehmed II begins his siege of Constantinople (Ä°stanbul). ...
For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ...
Worstead is a village and civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. ...
North Walsham is a market town and civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. ...
Norfolk (IPA: //) is a low-lying county in East Anglia in the east of southern England. ...
[edit] Flanders in the Low Countries -
It has been suggested that Regents: Low Countries be merged into this article or section. ...
[edit] The Reformation Martin Luther's 95 Theses, published in 1517, had a profound effect on the Low Countries. Among the wealthy traders of Antwerp, the Lutheran beliefs of the German Hanseatic traders found appeal, perhaps partly for economic reasons in Dutch. The spread of Protestantism in this city was aided by the presence of an Augustinian cloister (founded 1514) in the St. Andries quarter. Luther, an Augustinian himself, had taught some of the monks, and his works were in print by 1518. Charles V ordered the closing of this cloister around 1525. The first Lutheran martyrs came from Antwerp. The reformation resulted in consecutive but overlapping waves of reform: a Lutheran, followed by a militant Anabaptist, then a Mennonite, and finally a Calvinistic movement. These movements existed independently of each other. Martin Luther (November 10, 1483 – February 18, 1546) was a German monk,[1] priest, professor, theologian, and church reformer. ...
The 95 Theses. ...
Year 1517 was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. ...
For other uses, see Antwerp (disambiguation). ...
Lutheranism is a major branch of Protestant Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther. ...
The foundations of the Hanseatic League (German: Hanse), an alliance of trading cities that for a time in the later Middle Ages and the Early Modern period maintained a trade monopoly over most of Northern Europe and the Baltic, can be seen as early as the 12th century, with the...
The Augustinians, named after Saint Augustine of Hippo (died AD 430), are several Roman Catholic monastic orders and congregations of both men and women living according to a guide to religious life known as the Rule of Saint Augustine. ...
1514 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Events A plague of tropical fire ants devastates crops on Hispaniola. ...
For the Carlist claimant King Carlos V, see Infante Carlos, Count of Molina. ...
Events January 21 - The Swiss Anabaptist Movement was born when Conrad Grebel, Felix Manz, George Blaurock, and about a dozen others baptized each other in the home of Manzs mother on Neustadt-Gasse, Zürich, breaking a thousand-year tradition of church-state union. ...
The Protestant Reformation was a movement which began in the 16th century as a series of attempts to reform the Roman Catholic Church, but ended in division and the establishment of new institutions, most importantly Lutheranism, Reformed churches, and Anabaptists. ...
Anabaptists (Greek ανα (again) +βαπτιζω (baptize), thus, re-baptizers[1], German: Wiedertäufer) are Christians of the Radical Reformation. ...
Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box: The Mennonites are a group of...
Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Wycliffe Tyndale · Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box: Calvinism is a theological...
The Pragmatic Sanction of 1549, issued by Charles V, established the Low Countries as the Seventeen Provinces (or Spanish Netherlands in its broad sense) as an entity separate from the Holy Roman Empire and from France. A pragmatic sanction is a sovereigns solemn decree on a matter of primary importance and has the force of fundamental law. ...
Events July - Ketts Rebellion Francis Xavier arrives in Japan. ...
Flag of the Seventeen Provinces The Seventeen Provinces were a personal union of states in the Low Countries in the 15th century and 16th century, roughly covering the current Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, a good part of the North of France (Artois, Nord) and a small part of the West of...
This article or section should be merged with Seventeen Provinces The Spanish Netherlands was a portion of the Low Countries controlled by Spain from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century. ...
This article is about the medieval empire. ...
The schism between the southern Roman Catholics and northern Calvinists resulted in the Union of Atrecht and the Union of Utrecht, respectively. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1228x1637, 767 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Flanders Iconoclasm Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1228x1637, 767 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Flanders Iconoclasm Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner...
, drawing by Pieter Jansz Saenredam The Cathedral of Saint Martin or Dom Church was the Cathedral of the Province of Utrecht during the Middle Ages. ...
“Catholic Church†redirects here. ...
Map of the Spanish Netherlands, the Union of Utrecht and the Union of Arras (1579) The Union of Atrecht (French: Arras) was an accord signed on January 6, 1579 in Atrecht (Arras), under which the southern states of the Spanish Netherlands, today in Wallonia and the Nord-Pas-de-Calais...
The Union of Utrecht (Dutch: Unie van Utrecht) is a treaty signed on January 23, 1579 in Utrecht, the Netherlands, unifying the northern provinces of the Netherlands, until then under control of Spain. ...
It was the iconoclasm of 1566 (the Beeldenstorm) – the demolition of statues and paintings depicting saints – that led to religious war between Catholics and Protestants. The Beeldenstorm started in what is now the arrondissement of Dunkirk in French Flanders, with open-air sermons (hagepreken) in Dutch. The first took place on the Cloostervelt near Hondschoote. The first large sermon was held near Boeschepe on July 12, 1562. These open-air sermons, mostly of Anabaptist or Mennonite signature, spread through the country. On August 10, 1566 at the end of the pilgrimage from Hondschoote to Steenvoorde, the chapel of the Sint-Laurensklooster (Cloister of Saint Lawrence) was defaced by Protestants. The iconoclasm resulted not only in the destruction of Catholic art, but also cost the lives of many priests. It next spread to Antwerp, and on August 22, to Ghent. One cathedral, eight churches, twenty-five cloisters, ten hospitals and seven chapels were attacked. From there, it further spread east and north, but in total lasted not even a month. Statues in the Cathedral of Saint Martin, Utrecht, attacked in Reformation iconoclasm in the 16th century. ...
Events January 7 - Pius V becomes Pope Selim II succeeds Suleiman I as Sultan of the Ottoman Empire Religious rioting in the Netherlands signifies the beginning of the Eighty Years War in the Netherlands. ...
The arrondissement of Dunkirk (French Dunkerque) is an arrondissement of France, located in the Nord département, in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais région. ...
Nord (French, the north) is a département in the north of France. ...
Hondschoote is a commune of the Nord département, in northern France. ...
is the 193rd day of the year (194th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1562 was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. ...
Events January 7 - Pius V becomes Pope Selim II succeeds Suleiman I as Sultan of the Ottoman Empire Religious rioting in the Netherlands signifies the beginning of the Eighty Years War in the Netherlands. ...
This article is about the religious or spiritual journey. ...
Saint Lawrence (225 – 258) (Latin Laurentius, laurelled) was one of the seven deacons of Rome who were martyred under the persecution of Roman Emperor Valerian in 258. ...
Charles' son, King Philip II of Spain, a devout Catholic and self-proclaimed protector of the Counter-Reformation who was also the duke or earl of each of the Seventeen Provinces, started to crack down on the rising Calvinists in Flanders, Brabant and Holland. What is now approximately Belgian Limburg was part of the Bishopric of Liège and was Catholic de facto. Part of what is now Dutch Limburg supported the Union of Atrecht, but did not sign it. Philip II (Spanish: Felipe II de Habsburgo; Portuguese: Filipe I) (May 21, 1527 – September 13, 1598) was the first official King of Spain from 1556 until 1598, King of Naples and Sicily from 1554 until 1598, king consort of England (as husband of Mary I) from 1554 to 1558, Lord...
The Counter-Reformation or the Catholic Reformation was a strong reaffirmation of the doctrine and structure of the Catholic Church, climaxing at the Council of Trent, partly in reaction to the growth of Protestantism. ...
Brabant is a former duchy in the Low Countries, and a former province of Belgium. ...
This article is about a region in the Netherlands. ...
Limburg is the easternmost province of Flanders, one of the three regions of Belgium, and is located west of the Meuse river. ...
The Bishopric of Liège in 1477. ...
Limburg is the southern-most of the twelve provinces of the Netherlands, located in the south-east of the country. ...
[edit] The Eighty Years' War and its consequences In 1568 the Seventeen Provinces that signed the Union of Utrecht started a (counter)rebellion against Philip II: the Eighty Years' War. Before the Low Countries could be completely reconquered, war between England and Spain broke out, forcing the Spanish troops under Philip II to halt their advance. Meanwhile, Philip's Spanish troops had conquered the important trading cities of Bruges and Ghent. Antwerp, which was then arguably the most important port in the world, had to be conquered. On August 17, 1585, Antwerp fell. This ended the Eighty Years' War for the (from now on) Southern Netherlands. The United Provinces (the Netherlands proper) fought on until 1648 – the Peace of Westphalia. The definite loss of the southern Low Countries caused the rich Calvinist merchants of these cities to flee to the north. Many migrated to Amsterdam, which was at the time a tiny port, but was quickly transformed into one of the most important ports in the world in the 17th century. The exodus can be described as 'creating a new Antwerp'. Events March 23 - Peace of Longjumeau ends the Second War of Religion in France. ...
Combatants Dutch rebels Spanish Empire The Eighty Years War, or Dutch Revolt (1568[1]–1648), was the revolt of the Seventeen Provinces in the Netherlands against the Spanish (Habsburg) Empire. ...
For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ...
1585 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. ...
The Southern Netherlands were a part of the Low Countries controlled by Spain (Spanish Netherlands, 1579-1713), Austria (Austrian Netherlands, 1713-1794) and France (1794-1815). ...
Map of Dutch Republic by Joannes Janssonius United Netherlands redirects here. ...
1648 (MDCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Saturday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ...
Ratification of the Treaty of Münster. ...
For other uses, see Amsterdam (disambiguation). ...
This mass immigration from Flanders and Brabant (especially Antwerp) was an important driving force behind the Dutch Golden Age. While Spain was at war with England, the rebels from the north, strengthened by refugees from the south, started a campaign to reclaim areas lost to Philips II's Spanish troops. They managed to conquer a considerable part of Brabant (the later Noord-Brabant of the Netherlands), and the south bank of the Scheldt estuary (Zeeuws-Vlaanderen), before being stopped by Spanish troops. The frontline at the end of this war stabilized and became the current border between present-day Belgium and the Netherlands. The Dutch (as they later became known) had managed to reclaim enough of Spanish king-controlled Flanders to close off the river Scheldt, effectively closing Antwerp off from a significant trade route and causing a considerable emigration of Antverpians[3] towards the port of Amsterdam. Due to these events, Flanders and Brabant went into a relative decline in the 17th century.[4] Rembrandt The Nightwatch (1642) The Golden Age (1584-1702) was a period in Dutch history, roughly spanning the 17th century, in which Dutch trade, science, and art were among the most acclaimed in the world. ...
North Brabant (Dutch: Noord-Brabant) is a province of the Netherlands, located in the south of the country, bordered by Belgium in the south, the Meuse River (Maas) in the north, Limburg in the east and Zeeland in the west. ...
Satellite image of the Scheldt delta Zeeuws-Vlaanderen is the part of the Netherlands on the left shore of the Scheldt river (here called Westerschelde), nr. ...
The Scheldt (Dutch: Schelde, French Escaut) is a 350 km[1] long river in northern France, western Belgium and the southwestern part of the Netherlands. ...
[edit] 1581–1795: The Southern Netherlands Although arts remained at a relatively impressive level for another century with Peter Paul Rubens (1577–640), Flanders experienced a loss of its former economic and intellectual power under Spanish, Austrian, and French rule, with heavy taxation and rigid imperial political control compounding the effects of industrial stagnation and Spanish-Dutch and Franco-Austrian conflict. Peter Paul Rubens (June 28, 1577 – May 30, 1640) was a prolific seventeenth-century Flemish and European painter, and a proponent of an exuberant Baroque style that emphasized movement, color, and sensuality. ...
[edit] 1795–1815: French Revolution and Napoleonic France In 1794 the French Republican Army started using Antwerp as the northernmost naval port of France,[4] which country officially annexed Flanders the following year as the départements of Lys, Escaut, Deux-Nèthes, Meuse-Inférieure and Dyle. Obligatory (French) army service for all men aged 16–25 was one of the main reasons for the people's uprise against the French in 1798, known as the Boerenkrijg (Paysants' War), with heaviest fights in the Campine area. The History of France has been divided into a series of separate historical articles navigable through the list to the right. ...
The following is a list of the 130 départements of the Napoleonic Empire, as of 1811. ...
Lys is the name of a département of the First French Empire in present Belgium. ...
Escaut is the name of a département of the First French Empire in present Belgium and Netherlands. ...
Deux-Nèthes (Dutch: Twee Nethen) is the name of a département of the First French Empire in present Belgium and The Netherlands. ...
Meuse-Inférieure (Lower Meuse; Dutch: Nedermaas) is the name of a département of the First French Empire in present Belgium, Netherlands and Germany. ...
Dyle (Dutch: Dijle) is the name of a département of the First French Empire in present Belgium. ...
Year 1798 (MDCCXCVIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ...
Campine (Dutch and Flemish Kempen) is a moor of swamp and sandy peat to the east of Antwerp, a coal-producing region with Turnhout as its main town. ...
[edit] 1815–1830: United Kingdom of the Netherlands After the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte at the 1815 Battle of Waterloo in Waterloo, Brabant, sovereignty over the Austrian Netherlands – Belgium minus the East Cantons and Luxembourg – was given by the Congress of Vienna (1815) to the United Netherlands (Dutch: Verenigde Nederlanden), the state that briefly existed under Sovereign Prince William I of Orange Nassau, the latter King William I of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, after the French Empire was driven out of the Dutch territories. The United Kingdom of the Netherlands was born. The Protestant King of the Netherlands, William I rapidly started the industrialisation of the southern parts of the Kingdom. The political system that was set up however, slowly but surely failed to forge a true union between the northern and the southern parts of the Kingdom. The southern bourgeoisie mainly was Roman Catholic, in contrast to the mainly Protestant north, large parts of the southern bourgeoisie also primarily spoke French, instead of Flemish, a dialect of the Dutch language. Napoléon I, Emperor of the French (born Napoleone di Buonaparte, changed his name to Napoléon Bonaparte)[1] (15 August 1769; Ajaccio, Corsica – 5 May 1821; Saint Helena) was a general during the French Revolution, the ruler of France as First Consul (Premier Consul) of the French Republic from...
April 5-12: Mount Tambora explodes, changing climate. ...
Combatants First French Empire Seventh Coalition: United Kingdom Kingdom of Prussia Kingdom of the United Netherlands Kingdom of Hanover Duchy of Nassau Duchy of Brunswick Commanders Napoleon Bonaparte, Michel Ney Duke of Wellington, Gebhard von Blücher Prince William of Orange Strength 73,000 67,000 Coalition 60,000 Prussian...
Waterloo The top of the knoll and the famous lion. ...
Historically, Brabant has been the name of several administrative entities in the Low Countries with quite different geographical extent: as Carolingian shire (pagus Bracbatensis), located between the rivers Scheldt and Dijle (between 9th-11th century); as landgraviat: the part of the shire between the rivers Dender and Dijle (from 1085...
Originally the term Netherlands referred to a much larger entity than the current Kingdom of the Netherlands. ...
The German-speaking Community of Belgium or Deutschsprachige Gemeinschaft Belgien in German is one of several federal communities in Belgium. ...
The Congress of Vienna was a conference between ambassadors from the major powers in Europe that was chaired by the Austrian statesman Klemens Wenzel von Metternich and held in Vienna, Austria, from late September, 1814, to June 9, 1815. ...
April 5-12: Mount Tambora explodes, changing climate. ...
Model United Nations activities around the world are coordinated by a wide variety of groups and individuals. ...
For other men at some time in history called William I of Orange-Nassau, see William of Orange. ...
The term French Empire can refer to: The First French Empire of Napoleon Bonaparte (1804 - 1814 or 1815) The Second French Empire of Napoleon III (1852 - 1870) The Second French Colonial Empire (1830 - 1960) This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise...
The Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg and Limburg in 1839 1, 2 and 3 United Kingdom of the Netherlands (until 1830) 1 and 2 Kingdom of the Netherlands (after 1830) 2 Duchy of Limburg (In the German Confederacy after 1839 as compensation for Waals-Luxemburg) 3 and 4 Kingdom of Belgium (after...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
“Catholic Church†redirects here. ...
Flemish (Vlaams in Dutch), as the general adjective relating to Flanders, can refer to the speech of the Flemings, inhabitants of Flanders, though for the Flemish Community[1], Algemeen Nederlands (Common Dutch) is the official name of the standard language hence in English referred to as standard Dutch. ...
A dialect (from the Greek word διάλεκτος, dialektos) is a variety of a language characteristic of a particular group of the languages speakers. ...
The in 1815 reinstated Dutch Senate (Dutch: Eerste Kamer der Staaten Generaal) the nobility, mainly coming from the south, became more and more estranged from their northern colleagues. Resentment grew both among the Roman Catholics from the south and the Protestants from the north and among the powerful liberal bourgeoisie from the south and their more moderate colleagues from the North. On August 25, 1830 (after the showing of the opera 'La Muette de Portici' of Daniel Auber in Brussels) the Belgian Revolution sparked off and became a fact. On October 4, 1830, the Provisional Authority (Dutch: Voorlopig Bewind) proclaimed the independence which was later confirmed by the National Congress that issued a new Liberal Constitution and declared the new state a Constitutional Monarchy, under the House of Saxe-Coburg. Flanders now became part of the Kingdom of Belgium, which was recognized by the major European Powers on January 20, 1831. The de facto dissidence was only finally recognized by the United Kingdom of the Netherlands on April 19, 1839. Liberty Leading the People by Eugène Delacroix commemorates the July Revolution 1830 (MDCCCXXX) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Daniel François Esprit Auber (January 29, 1782 - May 13, 1871), French composer, the son of a Paris print-seller, was born in Caen in Normandy. ...
For other places with the same name, see Brussels (disambiguation). ...
This article is about the historical Belgian Revolution of the 1830s. ...
National Congress is a term used by various political parties and legislatures. ...
Forms of government Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box: A constitutional monarchy is a form of government established under a constitutional system which acknowledges an elected or hereditary monarch as head of state, as opposed to an absolute monarchy, where the monarch is not bound by a...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Leopold I 1831 (MDCCCXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...
The Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg and Limburg in 1839 1, 2 and 3 United Kingdom of the Netherlands (until 1830) 1 and 2 Kingdom of the Netherlands (after 1830) 2 Duchy of Limburg (In the German Confederacy after 1839 as compensation for Waals-Luxemburg) 3 and 4 Kingdom of Belgium (after...
1839 (MDCCCXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...
[edit] Kingdom of Belgium In |
![Statues in the Cathedral of Saint Martin, Utrecht, affected by 16th century iconoclasm[1]](/encyclopedia/Image:UtrechtIconoclasm.jpg)