NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Folkspartei

The Folkspartei (yiddish: Yidishe folkspartay; People's Democratic Party, folkist party) was founded after the 1905 pogroms in Russia by Simon Dubnow and Israel Efrojkin. The party took part to several elections in Poland and Lithuania in the 1920s and 1930s and didn't survive the Shoah. 1905 (MCMV) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Pogrom (from Russian: ; from Ð³Ñ€Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸Ñ‚ÑŒ IPA: - to wreak havoc, to demolish violently) is a form of riot directed against a particular group, whether ethnic, religious or other, and characterized by destruction of their homes, businesses and religious centers. ... Simon Dubnow (alternatively spelled Dubnov, Russian: Ð¡ÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½ ÐœÐ°Ñ€ÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ‡ Ð”ÑƒÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ð²; September 10, 1860â€“December 8, 1941) was a Jewish historian, writer and activist. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into The Holocaust. ...

According to the historian Simon Dubnow (1860-1941), Jews are a nation on the spiritual and intellectual level and should strive towards their national and cultural autonomy in the diaspora (galuth). 'How then should Jewish autonomy assert itself ? It must, of course, be in full agreement with the character of the Jewish national idea. Jewry, as a spiritual or cultural nation, cannot in the Diaspora seek territorial or political separatism, but only a social or a national-cultural autonomy'. Simon Dubnow (alternatively spelled Dubnov, Russian: Ð¡ÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½ ÐœÐ°Ñ€ÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ‡ Ð”ÑƒÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ð²; September 10, 1860â€“December 8, 1941) was a Jewish historian, writer and activist. ... One of the most influential doctrines in history is that all humans are divided into groups called nations. ... The term minority rights embodies two separate concepts: first, normal individual rights as applied to members of racial, ethnic, class, religious or sexual minorities, and second, collective rights accorded to minority groups. ... Look up Diaspora in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Close to the Bund for the emphasis on yiddish and its culture, it differed from that party by its middle class, craftsmen and intellectual base, but also because of its ideological options. According to Dubnov, assimilation was not a natural phenomenon and the Jewish political struggle should be centered on a Jewish autonomy based upon community, language and education, and not upon class struggle as advocated by Bundist theorists. It was a liberal party in economic matters, committed to political democracy and secularism. A Bundist demonstration, 1917 The General Jewish Labour Union of Lithuania, Poland and Russia, in Yiddish the Algemeyner Yidisher Arbeter Bund in Lite, Poyln un Rusland (×Ö·×œ×’×ž×²Ö·× ×¢×¨ ×²×“×™×©×¢×¨ ×Ö·×¨×‘×²×˜×¢×¨×¡×‘×•× ×“ ××™×Ÿ ×œ×™×˜×Ö·, ×¤×•×™×œ×™×Ÿ ××•×Ÿ ×¨×•×¡×œ×Ö·× ×“), generally called The Bund (×‘×•× ×“) or the Jewish Labor Bund, was a Jewish political party operating in several European countries between the 1890s and the... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Class struggle is class conflict looked at from a Marxist, libertarian socialist, or anarchist perspective. ...

1 Folkspartei in Poland
2 Folkspartei in Lithuania
3 See also
- 3.1 Sources

Folkspartei in Poland

A local organization and a newspaper, Warszawer Togblat (The Warsaw Daily), was set up in Warsaw in 1916 in order to contend for the municipal elections (under German occupation), where they gained 4 seats, including Nojech (Noah) Pryłucki, one of the founders of the party's newspaper, later renamed as 'Der Moment'. Warsaw (Polish: , , in full The Capital City of Warsaw, Polish: Miasto StoÅ‚eczne Warszawa) is the capital of Poland and its largest city. ... 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ...

The party split in 1927 between the Warsaw branch, led by Pryłucki, and the Vilnius (then a part of Poland) branch, led by Dr. Tsemach Szabad, less hostile to Zionism than the Warsaw branch but more Yiddish-centered. After the split the party seems to have declined, with an attempt to revitalize it in Warsaw in 1935. At the 1936 Jewish community elections in Warsaw, the Folkspartei only got 1 seat out of 50, while the Bund got 15.

In the 1922-27 Polish Parliament (Sejm) there was 1 Folkist MP out of 35 Jewish MPs (25 Zionists, but no Bundist). The Sejm building in Warsaw. ...

Folkspartei in Lithuania

Outdoor portrait of participants at the founding conference of the Democratic Folkist Party. 1926

Lawyer and banker Shmuel Landoi (Landau), later municipal councillor in Ponevezh (Lit. Panevėžys), was elected (or rather succeeded elected MP N. Friedman, a nonpartisan lawyer, after his death) for the Folkspartei on a common Jewish electoral list (with the Zionist parties and Agudat Israel) at the first elected Lituanian Parliament (Seimas) in 1920 when there were 6 Jewish parties deputies out of 112. Vilnius (Yiddish: Vilna), where Jews formed the majority of the population, was incorporated into Poland in 1922-1939, and also sent at least one Folkist to the Polish Parliament (Sejm), Zemach Shabad (Szabad)(1864-1935). Image File history File links Folksparteivilnius1926. ... Image File history File links Folksparteivilnius1926. ... Location Ethnographic region AukÅ¡taitija County PanevÄ—Å¾ys County Municipality PanevÄ—Å¾ys city municipality Elderate Number of elderates Coordinates General information Capital of PanevÄ—Å¾ys County PanevÄ—Å¾ys city municipality PanevÄ—Å¾ys district municipality PanevÄ—Å¾ys rural elderate Population (rank) 115,604 in 2005 (5th) First mentioned 1503 Granted city... Categories: Organization stubs | Israel-related stubs | Israeli political parties | Orthodox Judaism ... Seimas is the Lithuanian parliament. ... The Sejm building in Warsaw. ...

The next elections (1922) were rigged against the Polish and Jewish minorities, but the Seimas was dissolved and another Folkist, E.Finkelstein, was elected in 1923 on a national minorities bloc. In 1926 a coup d'état took place in Lithuania and the parliament was dissolved in 1927.

The Folkist newspaper in interwar Lithuania was the 'Folksblat', published in Kaunas. Location Ethnographic region AukÅ¡taitija County Kaunas County Municipality Kaunas city municipality Elderate Number of elderates 11 Coordinates General information Capital of Kaunas County Kaunas city municipality Kaunas district municipality Population (rank) 361,274 in 2005 (2nd) First mentioned 1361 Granted city rights 1408 Kaunas ( (helpÂ· info), approximate English transcription...

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Folkspartei in Poland

Folkspartei in Lithuania

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See also