Folwark is a Polish word for the giant farms (in Latin, "latifundia") that were operated in Poland or the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from the 14th century into the 20th, whose purpose was to produce surplus produce for export. The first folwarks were created on church- and monastery-owned grounds; later they were adopted by both nobility (szlachta) and rich peasants (singular: sołtys). The term "folwark" came into the Polish language in the 14th century from the German "Vorwerk" ("farmhouse before a manor or city"). Polish (jÄ™zyk polski, polszczyzna) is the official language of Poland. ... A typical North American grain farm with farmstead in Ontario, Canada A farm is the basic unit in agriculture. ... Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in Latium, the region immediately surrounding Rome. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... This 14th-century statue from south India depicts the gods Shiva (on the left) and Uma (on the right). ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999... St. ... Monastery of St. ... Polish szlachcic. ... Polish (jÄ™zyk polski, polszczyzna) is the official language of Poland. ... This 14th-century statue from south India depicts the gods Shiva (on the left) and Uma (on the right). ...

Creation of the folwarks was boosted by growing demand for grain and the profitability of its export, both to Western Europe and inside Poland. This in turn led to the creation of serfdom, when land owners discovered that instead of money-based rent and taxes it was more profitable to force the peasantry to work on folwarks. Folwark-based grain export was an important part of the economy of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. This article is about cereals in general. ... A common understanding of Western Europe in modern times. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Economics offers various definitions for money, though it is now commonly defined by the functions attached to any good or token that functions in trade as a medium of exchange, store of value, and unit of account. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with rental agreement. ... A tax (also known as a duty) is a financial charge or other levy imposed on an individual or a legal entity by a state or a functional equivalent of a state (e. ... Categories: 1911 Britannica | Historical stubs | Feudalism ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...

In Poland serfdom was regulated (and increased) by the Act of Piotrków and Act of Toruń. With the fall of agriculture goods prices in the end of 17th century, the folwark economy was in crisis, and szlachta attempts to increase production by increasing folwarks' area (usually by appropriating peasant lands) and labour (usually by increasing work demand for peasants) only compounded the economic crisis and further worsened the fate of the peasants, who had been, until then, no poorer than their average counterparts in Western Europe. (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ...

Until the end of the 18th century folwarks remained the basis for szlachta economic and political power. After the abolition of serfdom, folwarks used paid labor. (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ...

Folwarks were abolished by the People's Republic of Poland with the PKWN decree of 6th September 1944 about agricultural reform. After the end of Second World War folwarks were nationalised (resulting in PGRs - state-owned folwarks, Polish Państwowe Gospodarstwo Rolne) or partitioned, usually with no or little compensation to their owners. The Peoples Republic of Poland or Polish Peoples Republic (Polish: Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa, PRL) was the official name of Poland from 1952 to 1989, during its period of rule by the Communist party, officially called the Polish United Workers Party (Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza, or PZPR). ... The PKWN Manifesto, issued on July 22, 1944 The Polish Committee of National Liberation (Polish Polski Komitet Wyzwolenia Narodowego, PKWN) was a provisional Polish communist government that was created by the Soviet Union. ... September 6 is the 249th day of the year (250th in leap years). ... Year 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... Nationalization is the act of taking assets into state ownership. ...

See also

• fiefdom
• hacienda
• homestead
• ranch
• Serfdom