Map of Norway. See also: Atlas of Norway

Norway is located in Northern Europe on the western and northern part of the Scandinavian Peninsula, bordering the North Sea in southwest and the Skagerrak inlet to the south, the North Atlantic Ocean (Norwegian Sea) in the west and the Barents Sea to the northeast. Norway has a long land border with Sweden to the east, a shorter one with Finland in the northeast and a still shorter border with Russia in the far northeast. Download high resolution version (328x713, 22 KB)CIA World Factbook map of Norway. ... Download high resolution version (328x713, 22 KB)CIA World Factbook map of Norway. ... World map showing the location of Europe. ... The Scandinavian Peninsula is in northeastern Europe, consisting principally of the mainland territories of Norway and Sweden. ... The North Sea is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, located between the coasts of Norway and Denmark in the east, the coast of the British Isles in the west, and the German, Dutch, Belgian and French coasts in the south. ... The Skagerrak strait runs between Norway and the southwest coast of Sweden and the Jutland peninsula of Denmark, connecting the North Sea and the Kattegat strait, which leads to the Baltic Sea. ... The Norwegian Sea (Norwegian: Norskehavet) is part of the North Atlantic Ocean northwest of Norway, located between the North Sea (i. ... Location of the Barents Sea. ...

Norway is the second least circular country in the world, having a very elongated shape, one of the longest and most rugged coastlines in the world, and some 50,000 islands off the much indented coastline. The mainland covers 13° latitude, from 58°N to more than 71°N, (Svalbard north to 81°N), and covers the longitude from 5°E to 31°E (Jan Mayen to 9°W, Kvitøya to 33°E). This is a list of countries by compactness. ... Map of Svalbard, showing Kvitøya in the north-east Kvitøya (English: The White Island) is an island in the Svalbard archipelago in the Arctic Ocean. ...

Norway is one of the world's most northerly countries, and one of Europe's most mountainous countries with large areas dominated by the Scandinavian Mountains; average elevation is 460 m and 32% of the mainland is located above the tree line. The Scandinavian Mountains, in Swedish Skanderna, Fjällen (the Fells) or Kölen, and in Norwegian Kjølen, with the two latter meaning the Keel, are a mountain range that runs through the Scandinavian Peninsula. ... In this view of an alpine tree-line, the distant line looks particularly sharp. ...

The country-length chain of peaks is geologically continuous with the mountains of Scotland, Ireland and, crossing the Atlantic Ocean, the Appalachian Mountains of North America. Geologists hold that all these formed a single range prior to the breakup of the ancient supercontinent Pangaea. Motto (Latin) No one provokes me with impunity Cha togar mfhearg gun dioladh (Scottish Gaelic) Wha daur meddle wi me?(Scots)1 Anthem (Multiple unofficial anthems) Scotlands location in Europe Capital Edinburgh Largest city Glasgow Official languages English (de facto) Recognised regional languages Gaelic, Scots1 Demonym Scot, Scots... Appalachians in North Carolina The Appalachian Mountains (French: les Appalaches) are a vast system of mountains in eastern North America. ... North America North America is a continent[1] in the Earths northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. ... Plates in the crust of the earth, according to the plate tectonics theory Continental drift refers to the movement of the Earths continents relative to each other. ... In geology, a supercontinent is a land mass comprising more than one continental core, or craton. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ...

Virtually the entire country was covered with a thick ice sheet during the last ice age, as well as in many earlier ice ages. The movement of the ice have carved out deep valleys, and when the ice melted, the sea filled many of these valleys, creating Norway's famous fjords.^[1] An ice sheet is a mass of glacier ice that covers surrounding terrain and is greater than 50,000 km² (19,305 mile²).[1] The only current ice sheets are in Antarctica and Greenland; during the last ice age at Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) the Laurentide ice sheet covered much... Variations in CO2, temperature and dust from the Vostok ice core over the last 400 000 years For the animated movie, see Ice Age (movie). ... Fljótsdalur in East Iceland, a rather flat valley In geology, a valley is a depression with predominant extent in one direction. ... Fjord in Sunnmøre, Norway Fjords are very long inlets from the sea with high steeply sloped walled sides. ...

The land is still rebounding from the enormous weight of the ice (isostatic rebound), "growing out of the sea" with several mm a year, especially the eastern part of the country and the inner part of the long fjords, where the ice cover were thickest. This is a slow process, thus the sea covered substantial areas of what is today dry land for thousands of years following the end of the ice age. The sea reached what is today an elevation of 221 m in Oslo (Aker), 25 m in Stavanger, 5 m near Stad, 180 m in Trondheim, 50 m in Tromsø and 75 m in Kirkenes. This old seabed is now among the best agricultural land in the country. Post-glacial rebound (sometimes called continental rebound, isostatic rebound or isostatic adjustment) is the rise of land masses that were depressed by the huge weight of ice sheets during the last ice age, through a process known as isostatic depression. ... County District Østlandet Municipality NO-0301 Administrative centre Oslo Mayor (2004) Per Ditlev-Simonsen (H) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 224 454 km² 426 km² 0. ... County District Jæren Municipality NO-1103 Administrative centre Stavanger Mayor (1995-) Leif Johan Sevland (H) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 406 71 km² 68 km² 0. ... Stad (Stadt, Statt or Stadlandet) (the d is pronounced t) is a peninsula in the Norwegian municipality of Selje. ... County District Municipality NO-1601 Administrative centre Trondheim Mayor (2003-) Rita Ottervik (AP) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 258 342 km² 322 km² 0. ... County Troms District Municipality NO-1902 Administrative centre Tromsø Mayor (2004) Herman Kristoffersen (Ap) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 18 2,566 km² 2,519 km² 0. ... Kirkenes, Norway and Petsamo, Russia Orthographic projection over Kirkenes Norway Kirkenes is the centre of the municipality of Sør-Varanger in Finnmark county, Norway. ...

The glaciers in the higher mountain areas today are not remnants of the large ice sheet of the ice age, their origins are more recent ([1]). The regional climate were up to 1-3°C warmer 9000 - 5000 years ago (relative to the 1961-1990 period), melting the original ice sheet completely. Austrias longest glacier, the Pasterze, winds its 8 km (5 mile) route at the foot of Austrias highest mountain, the Grossglockner A glacier is a large, long-lasting river of ice that is formed on land and moves in response to gravity. ...

As a result of the ice carving, Sognefjorden is the world's second deepest fjord and Hornindalsvatnet is the deepest lake in Europe. An arm of the Sognefjord Sognefjorden (or Sognefjord, the suffix -en is a form of the definite article in the Norwegian language) is the second largest fjord in the world after Scoresby Sund on Greenland, and the largest in Norway. ... Map of Hornindalsvatnet. ... Blowdown Lake in the mountains near Pemberton, British Columbia A lake (from Latin lacus) is a body of water or other liquid of considerable size contained on a body of land. ... World map showing the location of Europe. ...

Waterfalls are common along the western part of the mountain chain, here represented by Mardalsfossen.

Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x1536, 521 KB) The Mardalsfossen waterfall in Romsdal, Norway. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x1536, 521 KB) The Mardalsfossen waterfall in Romsdal, Norway. ... Mardalsfossen is one of the highest waterfalls in the world. ...

Statistics

Norway - regions and counties

Geographic coordinates: 62° N 10° E Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1920x2902, 965 KB) Summary Map: Norway – geopolitical Exhibits counties (fylker) of Norway (19); colours correspond to regions of Norway: yellow: Østlandet (Austlandet) orange: Sørlandet red: Vestlandet green: Trøndelag blue: Nord-Norge violet: Svalbard Drawn by E Pluribus Anthony, adapted... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1920x2902, 965 KB) Summary Map: Norway – geopolitical Exhibits counties (fylker) of Norway (19); colours correspond to regions of Norway: yellow: Østlandet (Austlandet) orange: Sørlandet red: Vestlandet green: Trøndelag blue: Nord-Norge violet: Svalbard Drawn by E Pluribus Anthony, adapted...

Map references: Europe World map showing the location of Europe. ...

Area:
total: 324,220 km²
land: 307,860 km²
water: 16,360 km²
With Svalbard and Jan Mayen included: 385,199 km² To help compare orders of magnitude of different geographical regions, we list here surface areas between 100,000 km² and 1,000,000 km². See also areas of other orders of magnitude. ... To help compare orders of magnitude of different geographical regions, we list here surface areas between 100,000 km² and 1,000,000 km². See also areas of other orders of magnitude. ... To help compare orders of magnitude of different geographical regions, we list here areas between 10,000 km² and 100,000 km². See also areas of other orders of magnitude. ... To help compare orders of magnitude of different geographical regions, we list here surface areas between 100,000 km² and 1,000,000 km². See also areas of other orders of magnitude. ...

Area - comparative: slightly larger than New Mexico, but slightly smaller than Vietnam.
With Svalbard and Jan Mayen included, the area is slightly larger than Japan. Capital Santa Fe Largest city Albuquerque Area  Ranked 5th  - Total 121,665 sq mi (315,194 km²)  - Width 342 miles (550 km)  - Length 370 miles (595 km)  - % water 0. ...

Land boundaries:
total: 2,515 km
border countries: Finland 729 km, Sweden 1,619 km, Russia 196 km Norway is the second least circular nation in the world. To help compare different orders of magnitude this page lists lengths between 106 and 107 m (1,000 and 10,000 km). ... To help compare orders of magnitude; this page lists lengths between 100 and 1,000 km (105 and 106 m). ... To help compare different orders of magnitude this page lists lengths between 106 and 107 m (1,000 and 10,000 km). ... This is a list of countries by compactness. ...

Coastline: 25,148 km (continental); 83,281 km (including islands) [2] To help compare different orders of magnitude, this page lists lengths starting at 107 m (10,000 km). ...

Maritime claims:
contiguous zone: 10 nm (19 km)
continental shelf: 200 nm (370 km)
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm (370 km)
territorial sea: 4 nm (7 km) A nautical mile or sea mile is a unit of length. ...

Physical geography

Satellite image of continental Norway in winter

Scandinavian mountains. The Scandinavian Mountains is the most defining feature of the country. Starting with Setesdalsheiene north of the southern Skagerrak coast, the mountains goes north, comprising large parts of the country, and intersected by the many fjords of Vestlandet. This part includes Hardangervidda, Jotunheimen (with Galdhøpiggen 2469 m), Sognefjell and Trollheimen in the north, with large glaciers, such as Jostedalsbreen, Folgefonna and Hardangerjøkulen. The mountain chain swings eastwards south of Trondheim, with ranges such as Dovrefjell and Rondane, and reaches to the border with Sweden, where they are mostly gently sloping plateaus. The mountains then follows the border in a northeasterly direction (known as Kjølen). The mountains are intersected by many fjords in Nordland and Troms, where they become more alpine and creates many islands as they meet the sea. The Scandinavian mountains forms the Lyngen Alps and reaches into northwestern Finnmark, gradually becoming lower from Altafjord towards Nordkapp (North Cape), where they finally ends at the shores of the Barents sea. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 511 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (4960 × 5820 pixel, file size: 5. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 511 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (4960 × 5820 pixel, file size: 5. ... Setesdalsheiene is the collective term for the mountains to the west and east of the valley Setesdalen. ... The Skagerrak strait runs between Norway and the southwest coast of Sweden and the Jutland peninsula of Denmark, connecting the North Sea and the Kattegat strait, which leads to the Baltic Sea. ... Vestlandet is the region along the Atlantic coast of southern Norway. ... Hardangervidda is a mountain range and national park in Norway. ... View from Knutshøi towards central Jotunheimen Jotunheimen is a mountain range in southern Norway covering an area of roughly 3,500 km². It is part of the long Scandinavian Mountains range. ... Galdhøpiggen is the highest mountain in Norway, at 2469 m above sea level. ... Speilsalen, a natural formation of the glacier in late summer Location of Trollheimen in Norway Trollheimen is a mountain range in Møre og Romsdal and Sør-Trøndelag counties in central Norway. ... Briksdalsbreen is one of the more popular parts of Jostedalsbreen Jostedalsbreen or Jostedal Glacier, is the biggest glacier in continental Europe. ... This article or section cites very few or no references or sources. ... Hardangerjøkulen is the sixth largest glacier in mainland Norway. ... Dovrefjell is a mountain range in central Norway that forms a natural barrier between the southern regions of Norway and the area around Trondheim. ... Rondane National Park (Norwegian: Rondane nasjonalpark) was the first national park in Norway, established on December 21, 1962. ... Kjølen Mountain Range (a. ... // For other uses, see Nordland (disambiguation). ... County NO-19 Region Nord-Norge Administrative centre Tromsø County mayor   Area  - Total  - Percentage Ranked 4 25,877 km² 8. ... Lyngen view. ... County NO-20 Region Nord-Norge Administrative centre Vadsø County mayor   Area  - Total  - Percentage Ranked 1 48,618 km² 15. ... County District Municipality NO-2019 Administrative centre HonningsvÃ¥g Mayor (2005) Ulf Syversen (Ap) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 119 925 km² 891 km² 0. ... North Cape is the name of several capes: North Cape is a cape in Prince Edward Island, Canada North Cape is a cape in northern New Zealand North Cape is a cape in northern Norway, also known as Nordkapp The North Cape was a barge which ran aground in Rhode... Location of the Barents Sea. ...

The Scandinavian Mountains have naturally divided the country in physical regions; valleys radiate from the mountains in all directions. The following physical regions will only partially correspond to traditional regions and counties in Norway. Fljótsdalur in East Iceland, a rather flat valley In geology, a valley is a depression with predominant extent in one direction. ...

Southern coast. The southern Skagerrak and North Sea coast is the lowland south of the mountain range, from Stavanger in the west to the western reaches of the outer part of the Oslofjord in the east. In this part of the country, valleys tend to follow a north - south direction. This area is mostly a hilly area, but with some very flat areas such as Jæren and Lista. The Oslofjord (Oslofjorden) is a bay in the south-east of Norway, stretching from Færder in the south to Oslo at the head. ... Sculpture in stone of Arne Garborg, located at his home in Knudaheio Jæren is a coastal landscape stretching some 65 kilometers in the south-western part of Norway. ... Lista is a former municipality in Vest-Agder county, Norway. ...

Southeast. The land east of the mountains (corresponding to Østlandet, most of Telemark and Røros) is dominated by valleys going in a north - south direction in the eastern part, and a more northwest - southeast direction further west, and the valleys congregate on the Oslofjord. The longest valleys in the country are Østerdal and Gudbrandsdal. This part also contains larger areas of lowland surrounding the Oslofjord, as well as the Glomma river and lake Mjøsa. Østlandet Østlandet or Austlandet is the geographical region of the south-eastern part of Norway. ... Telemark is a county in Norway, bordering Vestfold, Buskerud, Hordaland, Rogaland and Aust-Agder. ... County Sør-Trøndelag District Municipality NO-1640 Administrative centre Røros Mayor (2003) John Helge Andersen (Ap) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 32 1,956 km² 1,758 km² 0. ... The upper river valleys of Norwegian rivers have distinctive names which are vestiges of earlier cultural distinctions such as building styles, traditional clothing or bunad and domestic crafts. ... Gudbrandsdalen is a valley and traditional district in the Norwegian fylke (county) of Oppland. ... Glomma, pronounced and written Glåma in northern regions of the river, is the longest river in Norway, 598 kilometers long. ... Mjøsa is Norways largest lake. ...

Lysefjorden seen from Prekestolen

Western fjords. The land west of the mountains (corresponding to Vestlandet north of Stavanger) is more dominated by the mountain chain, as the mountains goes all the way to the coast, albeit gradually becoming lower towards the coast. This part is dominated by large fjords, the largest are Sognefjord and Hardangerfjord. Geirangerfjord is often regarded as the ultimate fjord scenery. The coast is protected by a chain of skerries (the Skjærgård) arranged to parallel the coast and provide the beginning of a protected passage almost the entire 1,600 km route from Stavanger to Nordkapp. The fjords and most valleys generally goes in a west - east direction, and further north a more northwest - southeast direction. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1125 × 1500 pixel, file size: 2. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1125 × 1500 pixel, file size: 2. ... The Lysefjord from Kjerag The Lysefjord from Lysebotn Lysefjord (or Lysefjorden, the suffix -en is a form of the definite article in the Norwegian language) is a fjord located in Ryfylke in south-western Norway. ... Prekestolen Prekestolen Preikestolen (nynorsk) or Prekestolen (bokmÃ¥l/riksmÃ¥l) (aka Preachers Pulpit or Pulpit Rock) is a massive cliff 604 metres above Lysefjorden in Forsand, Norway. ... Vestlandet is the region along the Atlantic coast of southern Norway. ... Hardangerfjord With a length of 179 km (111 miles) the Hardangerfjord in the county of Hordaland, is the third largest fjord in the world. ... The Geirangerfjord (Geirangerfjorden) is a fjord in the region Sunnmøre which is located southernmost in the county Møre og Romsdal in Norway. ... SkjærgÃ¥rd is a Norwegian term for a group of islands and skerries which provide a protected coastal waterway. ...

Trondheim region. The land north of Dovre (corresponding to Trøndelag except Røros) comprises a more gentle landscape with more rounded shapes and mountains, and with valleys congregating on the Trondheimsfjord, where they open up and forms a larger lowland area. Further north is the valley of Namdalen, opening up in the Namsos area. However, the Fosen peninsula, and the most northern coast (Leka) is more dominated by mountains and more narrow valleys. Trøndelag is the name of a geographical region in the middle of Norway, consisting of the two counties Nord-Trøndelag and Sør-Trøndelag. ... Map of the Trondheimsfjord. ... Namdalen is a landscape in the centre part of Norway, consisting of the municipalities Namsos, Grong, Overhalla, Røyrvik, Fosnes, Nærøy, Høylandet, Bindal, Namdalseid, Lierne, Flatanger, Verran, Leka, Namsskogan and Vikna. ... County Nord-Trøndelag Landscape Namdalen Municipality NO-1703 Administrative centre Namsos Mayor (2004) KÃ¥re Aalberg (SV) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 141 775 km² 751 km² 0. ... Fosen is a peninsula and a traditional district in Sør-Trøndelag in central Norway. ... Leka is also the name of the son, Leka Zogu, and grandson, Leka Anwar Zog Reza Baudouin Msiziwe, of Ahmet Zogu. ...

Northern fjords. The land further north (corresponding to Nordland, Troms and northwestern Finnmark) is again more dominated by pointed mountains going all the way to the coast, and numerous fjords. The fjords and valleys generally lie in a west - east direction in the southern part of this area, and a more northwest - southeast direction further north. The Saltfjellet mountain range is an exception, as the valleys goes in a more north - south direction from these mountains. This long area comprises many large islands, including Lofoten, Vesterålen and Senja. Cabins on Saltfjellet at BjellÃ¥vasstua Saltfjellet (lit. ... Reine, Lofoten, seen from top of Reinebringen (June, 2003). ... Location of VesterÃ¥len VesterÃ¥len is a district in the county Nordland in Norway, just north of Lofoten. ... Husøy, Northern Senja Senja is the second largest island in Norway (except the Svalbard Islands) and is located near the middle of the Troms county coastline. ...

Far northeast. The interior and the land east of Nordkapp (corresponding to Finnmarksvidda and eastern Finnmark) is less dominated by mountains, and is mostly below 400 m. The interior is dominated by the large Finnmarksvidda plateau. There are large, wide fjords going in a north - south direction. This coast lacks the small islands forming the skerries so typical of the Norwegian coast. Furthest to the east, the Varangerfjord goes in an east - west direction, and is the only large fjord in the country opening up towards the east. Finnmarksvidda (the Finnmark plateau) is Norways largest mountain plateau, with an area greater than 22,000 km². It lies at 300-500 meters above sea level. ... Skerries may refer to a number of geographical locations: In Ireland: The Gaelic translation of Skerries is Na Sceire which means sea rocks. Skerries, Dublin, a seaside town in north Dublin Skerries is a seaside town in Fingal, north county Dublin. ... The Varangerfjord, in the county of Finnmark, is the easternmost fjord in Norway. ...

Typical norwegian landscape with village

Svalbard. Further north, in the Arctic ocean, lies the Svalbard archipelago, which is also dominated by mountains, but these mountains are mostly covered by large glaciers, especially the eastern part of the archipelago, where glaciers cover more than 90%; Austfonna is the largest glacier in Europe. Unlike the mainland, these glaciers calves directly in the open ocean. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1200 × 900 pixel, file size: 128 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1200 × 900 pixel, file size: 128 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Austfonna is the second biggest ice cap in Europe. ...

Jan Mayen. To the far northwest, halfway towards Greenland, is the island Jan Mayen, where Beerenberg is found, the only active volcano in Norway. Beerenberg is the worlds northernmost active volcano located at Jan Mayen. ... For other uses, see Volcano (disambiguation). ...

Bouvet Island. Located in the South Atlantic Ocean at 54°S and mostly covered by glaciers, this island is one of the most remote islands in the world, only inhabited by seals and birds. For other uses, see Atlantic (disambiguation) The Atlantic Ocean is Earths second-largest ocean, covering approximately one-fifth of its surface. ... Families Odobenidae Otariidae Phocidae Pinnipeds (fin-feet, lit. ...

Peter I Island. This island in the South Pacific Ocean at 69°S; 90°W is dominated by glaciers and a volcano. As with Bouvet Island, this island is regarded as an external dependency, and not part of the Kingdom. However, the claim to Peter I Island is suspended by the Antarctic Treaty due to the location south of 60°S. Fabian von Bellingshausen discovered Peter I Island (in Norwegian ) off West Antarctica on January 21, 1821. ... Dependent areas are territories that for some reason do not enjoy full independence or sovereignty as states. ... For the Antarctic Treaty from the Gundam anime, see Antarctic Treaty (Gundam) The Antarctic Treaty and related agreements, collectively called the Antarctic Treaty System or ATS, regulate the international relations with respect to Antarctica, Earths only uninhabited continent. ...

Queen Maud Land is Norway's claim in Antarctica. This large, sectorial area stretches to the South Pole and are completely dominated by the world's largest ice sheet, but with some impressive nunataks penetrating above the ice. The Troll Research Station manned by Norway is located on a snow free mountain slope, the only station in Antarctica not to be located on the ice. Queen Maud Land (Norwegian: Dronning Maud Land) is the part of Antarctica lying between the terminus of Stancomb-Wills Glacier, at 20°W, and Shinnan Glacier, at 44° 38E. It has a land area of approximately 2,500,000 km², mostly covered by the Antarctic ice sheet. ... A circular sector or circle sector also known as a pie piece is the portion of a circle enclosed by two radii and an arc. ... For other uses, see South Pole (disambiguation). ... An ice sheet is a mass of glacier ice that covers surrounding terrain and is greater than 50,000 km² (19,305 mile²).[1] The only current ice sheets are in Antarctica and Greenland; during the last ice age at Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) the Laurentide ice sheet covered much... Nunataks on Greenlands east coast This article is about the geographic feature. ... Troll research station is a Norwegian Antarctic research station in Queen Maud Land, in the eastern part of Princess Martha Coast, constructed during the Norwegian expedition 1989 - 1990. ...

Light, timezone and tide

Areas in Norway located north of the Arctic Circle will have midnight sun and corresponding winter darkness, the length of both depends on the latitude. In Longyearbyen, the upper part of the sun disc is above the horizon (provided clear view against the northern horizon) from April 19 to August 23, and the winter darkness lasts from October 27 - February 14. The corresponding dates for Nordkapp is from May 11 - July 31, and November 19 - January 22. For Tromsø, the dates are May 17 - July 25, and November 26 - January 15; and for Bodø from May 30 - July 12 and December 16 - December 27. The winter darkness is not totally dark on the mainland; there is twilight for a few hours around noon in Tromsø, but in Longyearbyen there is near total darkness in the midst of the dark period. Even the southern part of the country experiences large seasonal variations in daylight; in Oslo the sun rises at 03:54 and sets 22:54 at summer solstice, but is only above the horizon from 09:18 - 15:12 at winter solstice. World map showing the Arctic Circle in red A sign along the Dalton Highway marking the location of the Arctic Circle The Arctic Circle is one of the five major circles of latitude that mark maps of the Earth. ... Latitude,usually denoted symbolically by the Greek letter phi, , gives the location of a place on Earth north or south of the equator. ... Longyearbyen Longyearbyen is the largest settlement on Svalbard, Norway and its capital. ... April 19 is the 109th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (110th in leap years). ... is the 235th day of the year (236th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 45th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 131st day of the year (132nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 212th day of the year (213th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 323rd day of the year (324th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 22nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 137th day of the year (138th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 206th day of the year (207th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 330th day of the year (331st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 15th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... County Nordland District Salten Municipality NO-1804 Administrative centre Bodø Mayor (2005) Odd-Tore Fygle (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 62 1,392 km² 1,308 km² 0. ... is the 150th day of the year (151st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 193rd day of the year (194th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 350th day of the year (351st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... December 27 is the 361st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (362nd in leap years). ... “Summer solstice” redirects here. ...

The season with long daylight, when the sun sets after 20:00 in the evening, last from about April 1 - September 10 (GMT + 2) in the whole country except eastern Finnmark. The season with short daylight, when the sun sets before 16:00 in the afternoon, lasts from November 24 - January 7 in Stavanger, November 11 - January 19 in Oslo, November 4 - January 28 in Trondheim, from the last sunday in October - February 18 in Tromsø and from October 18 - March 2 in Vardø. Informally, the evening is the period in which the daylight is decreasing, between the late afternoon and night; it extends from the latter portion of the daylight (before sunset) until dark (after sunset). ... County Finnmark Landscape Municipality NO-2002 Administrative centre Vardø Mayor (2003) Rolf Einar Mortensen (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 183 600 km² 586 km² 0. ...

The northern part of the country is located in the aurora borealis zone; the aurora is occasionally seen in the southern part of the country. Aurora borealis Polar aurorae are optical phenomena characterized by colorful displays of light in the night sky. ...

Norway uses Central European Time, corresponding to the 15° east longitude. As the country is very elongated, this is at odds with the local daylight hours at the eastern and western parts. In Vardø the local daylight hours is 64 minutes earlier, and in Bergen it is 39 minutes later. Thus, Finnmark gains early morning daylight but loses evening daylight, and Vestlandet loses early morning light but gains more evening daylight with this timezone. Daylight saving time (GMT + 2) is observed from the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in October. Time zones of Europe: Light colours indicate countries that do not observe summer time Central European Time (CET) is one of the names of the time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. ... Vestlandet is the region along the Atlantic coast of southern Norway. ... Though DST is common in Europe and North America, most of the worlds people do not use it. ...

The difference between low tide and high tide is small on the southern coast and large in the north; ranging from on average 0.17 m in Mandal to about 0.30 m in Oslo and Stavanger, 0.90 m in Bergen, 1.80 m in Trondheim, Bodø and Hammerfest and as much as 2.17 m in Vadsø. “Ebb tide” redirects here. ... County Vest-Agder District Sørlandet Municipality NO-1002 Administrative centre Mandal Mayor (2003) Ã…se Lill Kimestad (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 319 222 km² 210 km² 0. ... County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2003 Administrative centre Vadsø Mayor (2003) Hauk Johnsen (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 77 1,258 km² 1,234 km² 0. ...

Climate

Map of Norway showing the normal temperature (annual average). Normal period 1961-1990.

The climate of Norway is surprisingly temperate for such a northerly country; this is mainly due to the North Atlantic Current with its extension the Norwegian Current warming the air temperature, and the prevailing southwesterlies bringing the mild air on shore. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 300 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (400 × 800 pixel, file size: 47 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 300 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (400 × 800 pixel, file size: 47 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The North Atlantic drift is a powerful warm ocean current that continues the Gulf Stream northeast. ... The Norwegian Current is warm water current that north-easterly along the Atlantic coast of Norway. ...

Precipitation. Some areas of Vestlandet and southern Nordland are Europe's wettest due to orographic lift, particularly where the moist westerlies first are intercepted by high mountains; this occurs slightly inland from the outer skerry guard. Brekke in Sogn og Fjordane has the highest annual precipitation with 3,575 mm; annual precipitation can exceed 5,000 mm in mountain areas near the coast. Lurøy, near the Arctic Circle, gets 2,935 mm on average, an amazing humidity for such a northerly area. Precipitation is heaviest in autumn and early winter along the coast, while April to June is the driest. The innermost parts of the long fjords are somewhat drier, annual precipitation in Lærdal is 491 mm, in Levanger 750 mm and only 300 mm in Skibotn at the head of Lyngenfjord, the latter also has the national record for clear-weather days. The regions to the east of the mountains (including Oslo) have a more continental climate with less precipitation, and enjoys more sunshine and usually warmer summers; precipitation is highest in summer and early autumn (often heavy showers not lasting long) while winter and spring tend to be driest inland. Valleys surrounded by mountains can be very dry compared to nearby areas, and a larger area in the interior of Finnmark gets less than 400 mm precipitation annually. Svalbard Airport has the lowest average annual precipitation with 190 mm, while Skjåk has the lowest average on the mainland with only 278 mm, the lowest ever recorded on the mainland is 64 mm at Hjerkinn in Dovre. Monthly averages varies from 5 mm in April in Skjåk to 454 mm in September in Brekke. Coastal areas from Lindesnes north to Vardø have more than 200 days/year with precipitation; however this is with a very low threshold value (0.1 mm precipitation). Average number of days/year with at least 3 mm precipitation is 77 in Blindern/Oslo, 96 in Kjevik/Kristiansand, 158 in Florida/Bergen, 93 in Værnes/Trondheim and 109 in Tromsø.^[2] This wave cloud pattern formed off of the ÃŽle Amsterdam in the far southern Indian Ocean, due to orographic lift of an airmass by the island, producing alternating bands of condensed and invisible humidity downwind of the island as the moist air moves in vertical waves and the moisture successively... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Dragonriders of Pern. ... County NO-14 Region Vestlandet Administrative centre Leikanger County mayor Nils R. Sandal Area  - Total  - Percentage Ranked 8 18,623 km² 5. ... County Nordland District Helgeland Municipality NO-1834 Administrative centre Lurøy Mayor (2003) Steinar Joakimsen (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 291 264 km² 257 km² 0. ... County District Sogn Municipality NO-1422 Administrative centre Lærdalsøyri Mayor (2005) Knut O. Aarethun (Ap) Official language form Nynorsk Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 66 1,342 km² 1,278 km² 0. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Skibotn is a small community (a village) on the eastern shore of the Lyngen Fjord - Storfjorden in the Norwegian language - in the Northern Norwegian province of Finnmark. ... County District Østlandet Municipality NO-0301 Administrative centre Oslo Mayor (2004) Per Ditlev-Simonsen (H) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 224 454 km² 426 km² 0. ... Svalbard Airport (IATA: LYR, ICAO: ENSB) is an airport in Svalbard. ... County Oppland Landscape Gudbrandsdalen Municipality NO-0513 Administrative centre Bismo Mayor (2005) Ola StensgÃ¥rd (Sp) Official language form Nynorsk Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 27 2,076 km² 1,969 km² 0. ... County Oppland Landscape Dovre region Municipality NO-0511 Administrative centre Dombås Mayor (2003) Erland A. Løkken (Sp) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 65 1,364 km² 1,348 km² 0. ... Missing image Image:Lindesnes kart. ... County Finnmark Landscape Municipality NO-2002 Administrative centre Vardø Mayor (2003) Rolf Einar Mortensen (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 183 600 km² 586 km² 0. ... County District Sørlandet Municipality NO-1001 Administrative centre Kristiansand Mayor (2004) Jan Oddvar Skisland (KrF) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 287 277 km² 259 km² 0. ... County Hordaland District Midhordland Municipality NO-1201 Administrative centre Bergen Mayor (2004) Herman Friele (H) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 215 465 km² 445 km² 0. ...

Temperature. The coast experiences much milder winters than other areas at the same latitudes. The islands in southern Lofoten, to the north of the Arctic Circle in North Norway, are the most northerly locations in the world where all winter months have mean temperatures above 0°C. Finnmarksvidda has the coldest winters in Norway, but inland areas further south can also see severe cold; Røros has recorded -50°C. Spring is the season when the temperature differences between the southern and northern part of the country is largest; this is also the time of year when daytime and nighttime temperatures differs the most. Inland vallys and the innermost fjord areas have less wind and sees the warmest summer days; the Oslofjord lowland is warmest with July 24-hr average of 17°C, but even Alta at 70°N has July average of 13.5°C, and commercial fruit orchards are common in the innermost areas of the western fjords. Inland areas reach their warmth peak around mid-July, and coastal areas by the first half of August. Humidity is usually low in summer. Reine, Lofoten, seen from top of Reinebringen (June, 2003). ... World map showing the Arctic Circle in red A sign along the Dalton Highway marking the location of the Arctic Circle The Arctic Circle is one of the five major circles of latitude that mark maps of the Earth. ... Nord-Norge (Norwegian for Northern Norway) is the name of the geographical region of northern Norway, consisting of the three counties Nordland, Troms and Finnmark. ... Finnmarksvidda (the Finnmark plateau) is Norways largest mountain plateau, with an area greater than 22,000 km². It lies at 300-500 meters above sea level. ... County Sør-Trøndelag District Municipality NO-1640 Administrative centre Røros Mayor (2003) John Helge Andersen (Ap) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 32 1,956 km² 1,758 km² 0. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2012 Administrative centre Alta Mayor (2003) Geir Ove Bakken (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 7 3,849 km² 3,651 km² 1. ... For other uses, see Fruit (disambiguation). ... A community apple orchard originally planted for productive use during the 1920s, in Westcliff on Sea (Essex, England) An orchard is an intentional planting of trees or shrubs maintained for food production. ...

The North Atlantic Current splits in two in the northern part of the Norwegian Sea; one branch goes east into the Barents Sea, while the other goes north along the west coast of Spitsbergen; this modifies the Arctic polar climate somewhat and results in open water throughout the year at higher latitudes than any other place in the Arctic. On the eastern coast of the Svalbard archipelago, the sea used to be frozen during most of the year, but the last years warming (graph) have seen open waters noticeably longer. Map of Svalbard, showing Spitsbergen in the West. ... Solar radiation has a lower intensity in polar regions because it travels a longer distance through the atmosphere, and is spread across a larger surface area. ... Latitude,usually denoted symbolically by the Greek letter phi, , gives the location of a place on Earth north or south of the equator. ... The red line indicates the 10°C isotherm in July, commonly used to define the Arctic region border Satellite image of the Arctic surface The Arctic is the region around the Earths North Pole, opposite the Antarctic region around the South Pole. ... The Mergui Archipelago An archipelago is a landform which consists of a chain or cluster of islands. ...

Normal monthly averages range from -17.1°C in January in Karasjok 129 m amsl. ^[3] to 17.3°C in July in Oslo - Studenterlunden 15 m amsl.^[4] The warmest year average temperature is 7.7°C in Skudeneshavn in Karmøy, and the coldest is -3.1°C in Sihcajarvi in Kautokeino (excluding higher mountains and Svalbard); this is a 10.8°C difference, about the same as the temperature difference between Skudeneshavn and Athens, Greece ([3]). The term above mean sea level (AMSL) refers to the elevation (on the ground) or altitude (in the air) of any object, relative to the average sea level. ... Skudeneshavn (also known as Skudenes, pronounced Skud-nus, the name of the parish in which it is located) is a city on the southernmost tip of the island of Karmøy in Norway. ... County Rogaland District Haugaland Municipality NO-1149 Administrative centre Kopervik Mayor (2004) Kjell Arvid Svendsen (KrF) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 313 229 km² 219 km² 0. ... County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2011 Administrative centre Kautokeino Mayor (2004) Klemet Erland Hætta (Samefolkets liste - Sámi Peoples Party) Official language form BokmÃ¥l and Sami Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 1 9,708 km² 8,964 km² 3. ... Athens is the largest and the capital city of Greece, located in the Attica periphery. ...

The warmest temperature ever recorded in Norway is 35.6°C in Nesbyen. The coldest temperature ever recorded is −51.4°C in Karasjok. The warmest month on record was July 1901 in Oslo, with a mean (24hr) of 22.7°C, and the coldest month was February 1966 in Karasjok with a mean of -27.1°C. Southwesterly winds further warmed by foehn can give warm temperatures in narrow fjords in winter; Tafjord has recorded 17.9°C in January and Sunndal 18.9°C in February. Nesbyen is a small village in Nes muncipality of Norway, with about 3500 inhabitants, centered in the middle of southern Norway and a railroadstop along the railway between Oslo and Bergen. ... County Finnmark Landscape Municipality NO-2021 Administrative centre Karasjok Mayor (2004) Kjell H. Sæther (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l and Sami Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 2 5,453 km² 5,205 km² 1. ... A foehn wind occurs when a deep layer of prevailing wind is forced over a mountain range. ... Tafjord is a branch of the Norddalsfjord in Norddal municipality in the county of Møre og Romsdal, Norway. ... Sunndal is a municipality in the county of Møre og Romsdal, Norway. ...

Average daily minimum temperature in January is -6.8°C in Oslo, -4.8°C in Kristiansand, -0.4°C in Bergen and -6.5°C in Trondheim and Tromsø. The average daily high in July is 21.5°C in Oslo, 20.1°C in Kristiansand, 17.6°C in Bergen, 18.4°C in Trondheim and 15.3°C in Tromsø ([4]).

As seen from the table, Norway's climate shows large variations: Maritime mild temperate / marine west coast climate (Köppen: Cfb) as in Bergen; hemiboreal / humid continental (Dfb) as in Oslo; cool maritime (Cfc) as in Svolvær; continental subarctic climate (Dfc) as in Kirkenes and polar tundra (ET) as in Longyearbyen (a narrow area along the northeastern coast from Nordkapp to Vardø are also polar tundra). In addition, large mountain areas have alpine tundra climates (ETH). True ice cap climate (EF) can be found at elevations higher than approximately 400 - 800 m in Svalbard and Jan Mayen, lowest on Nordaustlandet. County District Østlandet Municipality NO-0301 Administrative centre Oslo Mayor (2004) Per Ditlev-Simonsen (H) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 224 454 km² 426 km² 0. ... County Oppland District Gudbrandsdal Municipality NO-0501 Administrative centre Lillehammer Mayor (2005) Synnøve Brenden Klemetrud (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 211 477 km² 450 km² 0. ...   is a centre in the municipality of Hol in Norway, in the valley of Hallingdal, with around 2,300 inhabitants. ... County Oppland District Gudbrandsdalen Municipality NO-0514 Administrative centre Fossbergom Mayor (2004) Simen Bjørgen (Sp) Official language form Nynorsk Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 31 1,969 km² 1,889 km² 0. ... County Vestfold District Viken Municipality NO-0704 Administrative centre Tønsberg Mayor (2004) Per Arne Olsen (FrP) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 381 107 km² 106 km² 0. ... County District Sørlandet Municipality NO-1001 Administrative centre Kristiansand Mayor (2004) Jan Oddvar Skisland (KrF) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 287 277 km² 259 km² 0. ... County Rogaland District Jæren Municipality NO-1124 Administrative centre Sola Mayor (2005) HÃ¥kon Rege (H) Official language form {{{language}}} Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 408 70 km² 69 km² 0. ... County District Jæren Municipality NO-1103 Administrative centre Stavanger Mayor (1995-) Leif Johan Sevland (H) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 406 71 km² 68 km² 0. ... County Hordaland District Midhordland Municipality NO-1201 Administrative centre Bergen Mayor (2004) Herman Friele (H) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 215 465 km² 445 km² 0. ... County District Sogn Municipality NO-1422 Administrative centre Lærdalsøyri Mayor (2005) Knut O. Aarethun (Ap) Official language form Nynorsk Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 66 1,342 km² 1,278 km² 0. ... County Møre og Romsdal District Romsdal Municipality NO-1502 Administrative centre Molde Mayor (2005) Jan Petter Hammerø (H) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 254 363 km² 355 km² 0. ... Trondheim Airport, Værnes (IATA: TRD, ICAO: ENVA) (Norwegian: Trondheim lufthavn, Værnes) is located in Stjørdal, Nord-Trøndelag, approximately 35 km east of Trondheim. ... County District Municipality NO-1601 Administrative centre Trondheim Mayor (2003-) Rita Ottervik (AP) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 258 342 km² 322 km² 0. ... Rørvik is a port town on Vikna Island on the Norwegian coast. ... The municipality Rana in the county of Nordland, Norway, and has 25,350 inhabitants as of January 1, 2002. ... Cabins on Saltfjellet at BjellÃ¥vasstua, 720 m above sea level. ... Svolvær is the administrative centre of VÃ¥gan Municipality in Nordland County, Norway. ... Reine, Lofoten, seen from top of Reinebringen (June, 2003). ... Bardufoss is a small town (pop. ... Tromsø Airport, formerly known as Tromsø Airport, Langnes (IATA: TOS, ICAO: ENTC) (Norwegian: Tromsø Lufthavn) is situated in Tromsø, on the western side of the island of Tromsøya, 1. ... County Troms District Municipality NO-1902 Administrative centre Tromsø Mayor (2004) Herman Kristoffersen (Ap) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 18 2,566 km² 2,519 km² 0. ... Honningsvag is one of the upper most Citys in Norway that is a favorite Port of Call for the small Cruise Ships. ... Kirkenes, Norway and Petsamo, Russia Orthographic projection over Kirkenes Norway Kirkenes is the centre of the municipality of Sør-Varanger in Finnmark county, Norway. ... Longyearbyen Longyearbyen is the largest settlement on Svalbard, Norway and its capital. ... Look up day in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Dunderlandsdal, a valley in Rana municipality in North Norway, Nordland county, draining south-westward from the neighboring glaciers to the Ranfjord (latitude 66 20 N.). There are several sidevalleys, such as Plurdalen and Virvassdalen. ... Nordlandsbanen is a railway line in Norway between Hell and Bodø. With a length of 694 kilometers, it is the longest line in the Norwegian railway system, and the only Norwegian line to cross the Arctic circle. ... E6 is the designation for the main north-south road in Norway (and the west coast of Sweden), running from the southern tip of Sweden (Trelleborg), into Norway and through almost all of the country north to Finnmark. ... Magerøya is an island in the extreme north of Norway, in the community of Nordkapp. ... It has been suggested that The Cool Western Temperate Maritime Climate be merged into this article or section. ... The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. ... Hemiboreal means halfway between the temperate and subarctic (or boreal) zones. ... The humid continental climate is found over large areas of land masses in the temperate regions of the mid latitudes where there is a zone of conflict between polar and tropical air masses. ... Regions having a subarctic climate (also called boreal climate) are characterized by long, usually very cold winters, and brief, warm summers. ... In physical geography, tundra is an area where the tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons. ... County Finnmark Landscape Municipality NO-2002 Administrative centre Vardø Mayor (2003) Rolf Einar Mortensen (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 183 600 km² 586 km² 0. ... In physical geography, tundra is an area where tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons. ... Nordaustlandet (sometimes translated as North East Land) is the second largest island of Svalbard, with an area of 14,600 km². As its name suggests, it lies north east of Spitzbergen. ...

Recent Warming. Temperatures have tended to be higher in recent years [(6)]. Using the same data source but with the more recent 15-year period 1991-2005 as base period, this results in average January temperatures for the same stations that are 1 °C to 2.5 °C higher, while the July 24-hr average temperatures increases by approximately 0.5 to 1 °C. Global mean surface temperatures 1850 to 2006 Mean surface temperature anomalies during the period 1995 to 2004 with respect to the average temperatures from 1940 to 1980 Global warming is the observed increase in the average temperature of the Earths atmosphere and oceans in recent decades and the projected... Year 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the 1991 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Based on the 1991-2005 period, the January, July and Year 24-hr averages for Blindern/Oslo is −2.3°C, 17.3°C and 6.6°C. For Florida/Bergen the corresponding temperatures are 2.8°C, 15.1°C and 8.2°C, and for Værnes/Trondheim −0.7 °C, 14.8 °C and 5.9°C. The same 15 years give an average January temperature of -2.6°C in Langnes/Tromsø, while the July average is 12.2°C. As a consequence of warming, summers last longer and winters are getting shorter; snow cover have tended to decrease in those lowland areas where winter temperatures often hover around freezing (including most major cities), while winter precipitation in the mountains and cold inland areas still falls as snow. The strongest warming has been observed on Svalbard. In addition to warming, precipitation have increased on the mainland, especially in autumn and winter.
Sources: See references.

Terrain

A satellite image of southern Norway with snow shown as red highlights the terrain. Especially the fjords Sognefjorden and Hardangerfjorden are clearly visible.

Glaciated; mostly high plateaus and rugged mountains broken by fertile valleys; small, scattered plains; coastline deeply indented by fjords; arctic tundra only in the extreme northeast (largely found on the Varanger Peninsula). Frozen ground all-year can also be found in the higher mountain areas and in the interior of Finnmark county. Numerous glaciers are still found in Norway. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 436 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (2091 × 2873 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 436 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (2091 × 2873 pixel, file size: 1. ... There are 300 peaks in Norway with elevations of 2,000 meters or more over sea level that have a topographic prominence of 10 meters or more. ... The red line indicates the 10°C isotherm in July, commonly used to define the Arctic region border Satellite image of the Arctic surface The Arctic is the region around the Earths North Pole, opposite the Antarctic region around the South Pole. ... In physical geography, tundra is an area where the tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons. ... Varanger Peninsula - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... County NO-20 Region Nord-Norge Administrative centre Vadsø County mayor   Area  - Total  - Percentage Ranked 1 48,618 km² 15. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Norwegian Sea 0 m
highest point: Galdhøpiggen 2,469 m

The Norwegian Sea (Norwegian: Norskehavet) is part of the North Atlantic Ocean northwest of Norway, located between the North Sea (i. ... Galdhøpiggen is the highest mountain in Norway, at 2469 m above sea level. ... To help compare different orders of magnitude this page lists lengths between 1 km and 10 km (103 and 104 m). ...

Biological diversity

Due to the large latitudinal range of the country and the varied topography and climate, Norway has a larger number of different habitats than any other European country. There are approximately 60,000 species of different lifeforms in Norway and adjacent waters, many of these insects and fungi. About 40,000 of these species have been described by science. The red list of 2006 encompasses 3,886 species ([5]). 17 species are listed mainly because they are endangered on a global scale, such as the European Beaver, even if the population in Norway are not seen as endangered. There are 430 species of fungi on the red list, many of these are closely associated with the small remaining areas of old-growth forests ([6]). There are also 90 species of birds on the list and 25 species of mammals. 1,988 current species are listed as endangered or vulnerable as of 2006; of these are 939 listed as vulnerable (VU), 734 species are listed as endangered (EN), and 285 species are listed as critically endangered (CR) in Norway, among these are the gray wolf, the arctic fox (healthy population on Svalbard) and the pool frog. Habitat (which is Latin for it inhabits) is the place where a particular species live and grow. ... Orders Subclass Apterygota Archaeognatha (bristletails) Thysanura (silverfish) Monura - extinct Subclass Pterygota Infraclass Paleoptera (may be paraphyletic) Ephemeroptera (mayflies) Palaeodictyoptera - extinct Megasecoptera - extinct Archodonata - extinct Diaphanopterodea - extinct Protodonata - extinct Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) Infraclass Neoptera Superorder Exopterygota Caloneurodea - extinct Titanoptera - extinct Protorthoptera - extinct Grylloblattodea (ice-crawlers) Mantophasmatodea (gladiators) Plecoptera (stoneflies) Embioptera... Divisions Chytridiomycota Zygomycota Ascomycota Basidiomycota The Fungi (singular: fungus) are a large group of organisms ranked as a kingdom within the Domain Eukaryota. ... Binomial name Castor fiber Linnaeus, 1758 Distribution of both species of beaver. ... Subclasses & Infraclasses Subclass †Allotheria* Subclass Prototheria Subclass Theria Infraclass †Trituberculata Infraclass Metatheria Infraclass Eutheria Mammals (class Mammalia) are warm-blooded, vertebrate animals characterized by the production of milk in female mammary glands and by the presence of: hair, three middle ear bones used in hearing, and a neocortex region in... Wolf Wolf Man Mount Wolf Wolf Prizes Wolf Spider Wolf 424 Wolf 359 Wolf Point Wolf-herring Frank Wolf Friedrich Wolf Friedrich August Wolf Hugo Wolf Johannes Wolf Julius Wolf Max Franz Joseph Cornelius Wolf Maximilian Wolf Rudolf Wolf Thomas Wolf As Name Wolf Breidenbach Wolf Hirshorn Other The call... Binomial name (Linnaeus, 1758) Arctic Fox range Synonyms Vulpes lagopus Arctic Fox (Alopex lagopus), also known as the polar fox, is a mammal of the order carnivora. ... Binomial name Rana lessonae The Pool Frog Rana lessonae is a European frog. ...

Vegetation

Norway landscape near the Arctic circle.

Natural vegetation in Norway varies considerably, as can be expected in a country covering such a variation in latitude. There are generally fewer species of trees in Norway than in areas in western North America with a similar climate. This is because the migration routes after the ice age is more difficult in the north - south direction in Europe, with bodies of water (like the Baltic Sea and the North Sea) and mountains creating barriers, while in America there is a continuous continent and the mountains follow a north - south direction. Many imported plants have been able to ripen seeds and spread, and less than half of the 2,630 plant species in Norway today actually occur naturally in the country ([7]). About 210 species of plants growing in Norway are listed as endangered, and 13 species are endemic ([8]). The national parks in Norway are mostly located in mountain areas, and only about 1.5% of the productive forests in the country are protected ([9]). Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1200x900, 207 KB) Beschreibung: zwischen Narvik & Mo i Rana Norwegen Quelle: selbst aufgenommen Fotograf/Zeichner: Hesse1309 Datum der Aufnahme: 29. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1200x900, 207 KB) Beschreibung: zwischen Narvik & Mo i Rana Norwegen Quelle: selbst aufgenommen Fotograf/Zeichner: Hesse1309 Datum der Aufnahme: 29. ... World map showing the Arctic Circle in red A sign along the Dalton Highway marking the location of the Arctic Circle The Arctic Circle is one of the five major circles of latitude that mark maps of the Earth. ... The coniferous Coast Redwood, the tallest tree species on earth. ... The Baltic Sea is located in Northern Europe, from 53°N to 66°N latitude and from 20°E to 26°E longitude. ... The North Sea is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, located between the coasts of Norway and Denmark in the east, the coast of the British Isles in the west, and the German, Dutch, Belgian and French coasts in the south. ... In biology and ecology endemic means exclusively native to a place or biota, in contrast to cosmopolitan or introduced. ...

Some plants are classified as western due to their need for high humidity and/or low tolerance of winter frost; these will stay close to the southwestern coast, with the northern limit near Ålesund; some examples are holly and bell heather. Some western species occurs north to Helgeland (like Erica tetralix), some even to Lofoten (like Luzula Sylvatica). The mild temperatures along the coast allows for some surprises; some hardy species of Palms grow even as far north as Sunnmøre, a large Lebanon cedar grows in Stavanger and planted decidous trees such as horse chestnut and beech thrives north of the Arctic circle (as in Steigen) if the soil and microclimate is suitable. Binomial name Ilex aquifolium L. The European Holly Ilex aquifolium is a holly native to western and southern Europe, northwest Africa and southwest Asia. ... Binomial name Erica cinerea L. Erica cinerea (Bell Heather) is a species of heather, native to western and central Europe. ... Helgeland is a landscape in Northern Norway. ... Binomial name Erica tetralix L. Erica tetralix (often called cross-leaved heath) is a species of heather found in Atlantic areas of Europe, from southern Portugal to central Norway, as well as a number of boggy regions further from the coast in Central Europe. ... Sunnmøre (lit. ... Binomial name Cedrus libani A. Rich. ... Species Aesculus arguta: Texas Buckeye Aesculus californica: California Buckeye Aesculus chinensis: Chinese Horse-chestnut Aesculus flava (): Yellow Buckeye Aesculus glabra: Ohio Buckeye Aesculus hippocastanum: Common Horse-chestnut Aesculus indica: Indian Horse-chestnut Aesculus neglecta: Dwarf Buckeye Aesculus parviflora: Bottlebrush Buckeye Aesculus pavia: Red Buckeye Aesculus sylvatica: Painted Buckeye Aesculus turbinata... Binomial name Fagus sylvatica L. The European Beech or Common Beech (Fagus sylvatica) is a deciduous tree belonging to the family Fagaceae. ... World map showing the Arctic Circle in red A sign along the Dalton Highway marking the location of the Arctic Circle The Arctic Circle is one of the five major circles of latitude that mark maps of the Earth. ... The municipality Steigen in the county of Nordland, Norway, has 2,863 inhabitants as of January 1, 2004. ...

Plants classified as eastern need comparatively more summer sunshine, with less humidity, but can tolerate cold winters; these will often occur in the southeast and inland areas, examples are Daphne mezereum, fragaria viridis and spiked speedwell. Some eastern species common in Siberia grows in the river valleys of eastern Finnmark. There are also species which seems to be in-between these extremes, like the southern plants, where both winter and summer climate is important (such as Pedunculate oak, European ash and Dog's Mercury); other plants are dependent on the type of bedrock. Binomial name Daphne mezereum L. Daphne mezereum is a species of Daphne in the flowering plant family Thymelaeaceae, native to most of Europe and western Asia, north to northern England and central Scandinavia. ... Binomial name Fragaria viridis Duchesne Fragaria viridis is a species of strawberry native to Europe and central Asia. ... Species See text. ... “Siberian” redirects here. ... Binomial name Quercus robur L. The Pedunculate Oak or English Oak (Quercus robur) is native to most of Europe, and to Asia Minor to the Caucasus, and also to parts of North Africa. ... Binomial name Fraxinus excelsior L. The European Ash (Fraxinus excelsior) is a tall tree, native to most of Europe, with the exception of northern Scandinavia (the northernmost location is in the Trondheimsfjord region of Norway) and southern Mediterranean Europe. ... Binomial name Mercurialis perennis L. Dogs Mercury is a spring flower found across Europe, but almost absent from Ireland, Orkney and Shetland. ...

There are a considerable number of alpine species in the mountains in Norway; these will not tolerate summers that are comparatively long and warm; many alpine plants are common in the North Boreal zone and some in the Middle Boreal zone, but their main area of distribution is on the alpine tundra in the Scandinavian mountains and on the Arctic tundra. Examples of alpine species are glacier buttercup, draba lactea and salix herbacea. A well known anomaly is the 30 American alpine species, which in Europe only grow in two mountainous parts of Norway; the Dovre-Trollheimen and Jotunheim mountains in the south and the Saltdal to Finnmark region of the north (Gærevoll, 1992, pp 146-160; Moen, 1998, p 52). Other than in Norway, these species grow only in Canada and Greenland, such as the Braya linearis (No: Rosekarse) and Carex scirpoidea. It is unknown whether these survived the ice age on some mountain peak penetrating the ice, or they spread from further south in Europe, or why did they not spread to other mountainous regions of Europe. Some alpine species have a wider distribution and also grow in Siberia, such as the Rhododendron lapponicum (Lapland rosebay, No: Lapprose, the only native Rhododendron in Norway). Other alpine species are common in the whole Arctic, some only grows in Europe, such as Globe-flower. Alpine plants are plants whose natural habitat approaches the line of perpetual snow. ... In physical geography, tundra is an area where tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons. ... The red line indicates the 10°C isotherm in July, commonly used to define the Arctic region border Satellite image of the Arctic surface The Arctic is the region around the Earths North Pole, opposite the Antarctic region around the South Pole. ... Binomial name Ranunculus glacialis Glacier Crowfoot (Ranunculus glacialis) is a plant of the family Ranunculaceae. ... Binomial name Draba lactea Adams Draba lactea (Lapland whitlow-grass or milky whitlow-grass) is a flower partly common all over the high Arctic. ... Binomial name Salix herbacea L. The Dwarf Willow (Salix herbacea, also known as the Least Willow or Snowbed Willow) is the most common of a group of tiny creeping willows (family Salicaceae). ... County Nordland District Salten Municipality NO-1840 Administrative centre Rognan Mayor (2005) Kjell Magne Johansen Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 23 2,215 km² 2,085 km² 0. ... “Siberian” redirects here. ... Subgenera Azaleastrum Candidastrum Hymenanthes Mumeazalea Pentanthera (Azaleas) Rhododendron Therorhodion Tsutsusi (Azaleas) Vireya Source: RBG, Edinburgh Rhododendron (from the Greek: rhodos, rose, and dendron, tree) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Ericaceae. ... Binomial name Trollius europaeus L. The Globe-flower (Trollius europaeus) is a plant of the family Ranunculaceae. ...

Mandal, the most southerly town in Norway; nemoral zone.

The following vegetation zones in Norway are all based on botanical criteria (Moen, 1998; Gjærevoll 1992), although, as mentioned, some plants will have specific demands. Forests, bogs and wetlands, as well as heaths, are all included in the different vegetation zones; a South Boreal bog will differ from a North Boreal bog, although some plant species might occur on both. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2048 × 1536 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2048 × 1536 pixel, file size: 1. ... County Vest-Agder District Sørlandet Municipality NO-1002 Administrative centre Mandal Mayor (2003) Ã…se Lill Kimestad (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 319 222 km² 210 km² 0. ...

Nemoral

A small area along the southern coast, from Soknedal in southern Rogaland and east to Fevik in Aust-Agder (including Kristiansand) belongs to the Nemoral vegetation zone. This zone is located below 150 m above sea level and at most 30 km inland along the valleys. This is the vegetation zone dominating western Europe north of southern France. The hallmark of this zone in Norway is the domination of oak and the virtual complete lack of typical boreal species such as Norway spruce and grey alder, although a lowland variant of pine occurs. Nemoral covers a total of 0.5% of the land area (excluding Svalbard and Jan Mayen). Rogaland is a county in Norway, bordering Hordaland, Telemark, Aust-Agder and Vest-Agder. ... Fevik is a small community in Grimstad, Norway. ... County NO-09 Region Sørlandet Administrative centre Arendal County mayor Oddvar Skaiaa Area  - Total  - Percentage Ranked 14 9,157 km² 2. ... Species See List of Quercus species The term oak can be used as part of the common name of any of several hundred species of trees and shrubs in the genus Quercus (from Latin oak tree), and some related genera, notably Cyclobalanopsis and Lithocarpus. ... Boreal may refer to these: Northern from the eponymous Boreas, god of the North Wind in Greek mythology. ... Binomial name Alnus incana The grey alder is primarily a tree of northern Europe. ... Binomial name L. Image:Scotspine map. ...

Brunlanes, Vestfold; the hemiboreal lowland near Oslofjord has the highest diversity due to being closest to the migration route from the south.

Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2592 × 1944 pixel, file size: 642 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Geography of Norway Metadata This file... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2592 × 1944 pixel, file size: 642 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Geography of Norway Metadata This file... The Oslofjord (Oslofjorden) is a bay in the south-east of Norway, stretching from Færder in the south to Oslo at the head. ...

Hemiboreal (Boreonemoral)

The hemiboreal zone covers a total of 7% of the land area in Norway, including 80% of Østfold and Vestfold. This vegetation represents a mix of nemoral and boreal plant species, and belong to the Palearctic Sarmatic mixed forests PA0436 terrestrial ecoregion. The nemoral species tend to dominate slopes facing south - west and on good soil, while the boreal species dominate on slopes facing north and on waterlogged soil. In some areas other factors overrule this, as in areas where the bedrock gives little nutritients, where oak and the boreal pine often share domination. The boreonemoral zone follows the coast from Oslofjord north to Ålesund, becoming discountineous north of Sunnmøre. In Oslo, this zone reaches an elevation of 200 m above sea, and it also reaches into some of the lower valleys and just reaches the lowland around Mjøsa, but not as far north as Lillehammer. In the valleys of the south, this vegetation might exist up to 300 - 400 m above sea level. The zone follows the lowland of the west coast and into the largest fjords, reaching an elevation of 150 m here, even 300 meter in some sheltered fjords in Nordmøre with nutritients-rich soil. The northernmost locations in the world are several areas along the Trondheimsfjord, such as Frosta, and the northernmost single location is Byahalla in Steinkjer. Some nemoral species in this zone are english oak, sessile oak, European ash, elm, Norway maple, hazel, black alder, lime, yew, holly (southwest coast), wild cherry, ramsons, beech (a late arriver and only common in Vestfold) and primula vulgaris. Typical boreal species are Norway spruce, pine, downy birch, grey alder, aspen, rowan, wood anemone and viola riviniana. Hemiboreal means halfway between the temperate and subarctic (or boreal) zones. ... Østfold is a county in southeastern Norway, bordering Akershus and southwestern Sweden (Västra Götaland County and Värmland), while Vestfold is on the other side of the bay. ... County NO-07 Region Østlandet Administrative centre Tønsberg County mayor   Area  - Total  - Percentage Ranked 18 2,224 km² 0. ... The Palearctic or Palaearctic is one of the eight ecozones dividing the Earth surface (see map). ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Binomial name L. Image:Scotspine map. ... The Oslofjord (Oslofjorden) is a bay in the south-east of Norway, stretching from Færder in the south to Oslo at the head. ... County Møre og Romsdal District Sunnmøre Municipality NO-1504 Administrative centre Ã…lesund Mayor (2003) Arve Tonning (H) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 388 98 km² 93 km² 0. ... Sunnmøre (lit. ... Mjøsa is Norways largest lake. ... County Oppland District Gudbrandsdal Municipality NO-0501 Administrative centre Lillehammer Mayor (2005) Synnøve Brenden Klemetrud (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 211 477 km² 450 km² 0. ... Nordmøre (lit. ... Map of the Trondheimsfjord. ... County Nord-Trøndelag District Municipality NO-1717 Administrative centre Frosta Mayor (2003) Lars Myraune (H) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 399 76 km² 74 km² 0. ... County Nord-Trøndelag District Innherred Municipality NO-1702 Administrative centre Steinkjer Mayor (2005) Per Sverre Rannem (Ap) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 45 1,564 km² 1,423 km² 0. ... Binomial name Quercus robur The Pedunculate Oak or English Oak (Quercus robur L.) is native to most of Europe, and to Asia Minor to the Caucasus, and also to parts of North Africa. ... Binomial name Quercus petraea (Mattuschka) Liebl. ... Binomial name Fraxinus excelsior L. The European Ash (Fraxinus excelsior) is a tall tree, native to most of Europe, with the exception of northern Scandinavia and southern Mediterranean Europe. ... Binomial nomenclature Ulmus glabra Huds. ... Binomial name Acer platanoides L. The Norway Maple (Acer platanoides) is a maple native to eastern and central Europe and southwest Asia, from France east to Russia, north to southern Scandinavia and southeast to northern Iran. ... Binomial name Corylus avellana L. Male catkins on Common Hazel The Common Hazel (Corylus avellana) is a shrub native to Europe and Asia. ... Binomial name Alnus glutinosa L. Black Alder (Alnus glutinosa) is an alder tree native to most of Europe, including all of Britain, and locally in southwest Asia. ... Binomial name Tilia cordata The Small-leaved Lime is a tree (Tilia cordata) native to much of Europe, including southern Britain north to about Durham. ... Species Taxus baccata - European Yew Taxus brevifolia - Pacific Yew Taxus canadensis - Canadian Yew Taxus chinensis - Chinese Yew Taxus cuspidata - Japanese Yew Taxus floridana - Florida Yew Taxus globosa - Mexican Yew Taxus sumatrana - Sumatran Yew Taxus wallichiana - Himalayan Yew Yews are small coniferous trees or shrubs in the genus Taxus in the... Species Ilex ambigua—Sand Holly Ilex amelanchier—Swamp Holly Ilex aquifolium—European Holly Ilex bioritsensis Ilex buergeri Ilex canariensis—Small-leaved Holly Ilex cassine—Dahoon Holly Ilex centrochinensis Ilex ciliospinosa Ilex colchica Ilex collina Ilex corallina Ilex coriacea—Gallberry Ilex cornuta—Chinese Holly Ilex crenata—Japanese Holly Ilex cyrtura Ilex... Binomial name L. The Wild Cherry (Prunus avium) is a species of Cherry, native to western Asia and brought to Europe by the Roman consul Lucius Licinius Lucullus (118-56 BC) (also known as the Sweet Cherry). ... Binomial name Allium ursinum L. Ramsons, buckrams, wood garlic or bears garlic (Allium ursinum) is a wild relative of chives. ... Binomial name Fagus sylvatica L. The European Beech or Common Beech (Fagus sylvatica) is a deciduous tree belonging to the family Fagaceae. ... County NO-07 Region Østlandet Administrative centre Tønsberg County mayor   Area  - Total  - Percentage Ranked 18 2,224 km² 0. ... Binomial name Primula vulgaris L. Primula vulgaris is a species of Primula native to western and southern Europe, including the British Isles. ... Binomial name Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. ... Binomial name Betula pubescens Ehrh. ... Species Populus adenopoda Populus alba Populus grandidentata Populus sieboldii Populus tremula Populus tremuloides Aspens are trees of the willow family and comprise a section of the poplar genus, Populus sect. ... Species Sorbus subgenus Sorbus Sorbus aucuparia - European Rowan Sorbus americana - American mountain ash Sorbus cashmeriana - Kashmir Rowan Sorbus commixta - Japanese Rowan Sorbus decora - Showy mountain ash Sorbus glabrescens - White-fruited Rowan Sorbus hupehensis - Hubei Rowan Sorbus matsumurana Sorbus sargentiana - Sargents Rowan Sorbus scalaris - Ladder Rowan Sorbus sitchensis - Sitka mountain... Binomial name Anemone nemorosa L. Anemone nemorosa is an early-spring flowering plant in the Genus Anemone. ... Binomial name Viola riviniana Viola riviniana is a species of the genus Viola. ...

Boreal

The boreal species are adapted to the long and cold winter, and most of these species can tolerate colder winter temperatures than winters in most of Norway; thus they are distinquished by their need for growing season length and summer warmth. Bogs are common in the boreal zone, with the largest areas in the North and Middle Boreal Zones, as well as in the area just above the tree line. The large boreal zone is usually divided into three subzones: Boreal may refer to these: Northern from the eponymous Boreas, god of the North Wind in Greek mythology. ... In agriculture, the growing season is the period of each year when crops can be grown. ... Lütt-Witt Moor, a bog in Henstedt-Ulzburg in northern Germany. ...

South Boreal

Lillehammer, south boreal vegetation zone.

The South Boreal zone (SB) is dominated by boreal species, especially Norway spruce. SB is the only boreal zone with a few scattered - but well-developed - broadleaf deciduous trees. A number of species in this zone needs fairly warm summers (SB has 3-4 months with a mean 24-hr temperature of at least 10°C), and thus are not to be found or are very rare in the middle boreal zone. Some of the species not to be found further north are black alder, hop, oregano and guelder rose. This zone is found above the hemiboreal zone, up to 450 meter amsl in Østlandet and 500 m in the most southern valleys. In the eastern valleys it reaches several hundred kilometers into Gudbrandsdal and Østerdal, and up to Lom and Skjåk in Ottadalen. Along the southwestern coast, the zone reaches an elevation of 400 at the head of the large fjords (as in Lærdal), and about 300 m nearer to the coast. Norway spruce is lacking in Vestlandet (Voss is an exception). North of Ålesund, SB vegetation dominates in the lowland down to sea level, including the islands like Hitra. Most of the lowland in Trøndelag below 180 m elevation is SB, up to 300 m above sea level in the inland vallys such as Gauldalen and Verdalen, and up to 100 m in Namdalen. The coastal areas and some fjord areas further north, such as Vikna, Brønnøy and the best locations along the Helgeland coast is SB north to the mouth of Ranfjord, while inland areas north of Grong are dominated by Middle Boreal zone in the lowland. There are small isolated areas with SB vegetation further north, as in Bodø and Fauske; the most northern location is a narrow strip along the northern shore of Ofotfjord. The endemic Nordland-Whitebeam only grows in Bindal (Reppen nature reserve). Agriculture in Norway, including grain cultivation, takes place mostly in the hemiboreal and SB zone. SB covers a total of 12% of the land area. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (2592 × 1944 pixel, file size: 2. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (2592 × 1944 pixel, file size: 2. ... (Hops redirects here. ... Binomial name Origanum vulgare Oregano (Origanum vulgare) is a spicy, Mediterranean, perennial herb, particularly common in Greek and Italian cuisines. ... Binomial name Viburnum opulus L. Viburnum opulus commonly known as the Guelder Rose or the snowball tree is a popular cultivated species from the family Adoxaceae. ... Østlandet Østlandet or Austlandet is the geographical region of the south-eastern part of Norway. ... County Oppland District Gudbrandsdalen Municipality NO-0514 Administrative centre Fossbergom Mayor (2004) Simen Bjørgen (Sp) Official language form Nynorsk Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 31 1,969 km² 1,889 km² 0. ... County Oppland Landscape Gudbrandsdalen Municipality NO-0513 Administrative centre Bismo Mayor (2005) Ola StensgÃ¥rd (Sp) Official language form Nynorsk Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 27 2,076 km² 1,969 km² 0. ... Ottadalen is a valley in the municipalities of SkjÃ¥k, Lom, VÃ¥gÃ¥ and Sel in the county of Oppland, Norway. ... Vestlandet is the region along the Atlantic coast of southern Norway. ... County District Municipality NO-1235 Administrative centre Vossevangen Mayor (2003) Bjørn Christensen (Ap) Official language form Nynorsk Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 38 1,806 km² 1,732 km² 0. ... County Sør-Trøndelag District Municipality NO-1617 Administrative centre Hitra Mayor (2003) Egil Hestnes (H) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 163 685 km² 646 km² 0. ... The Gauldal is a traditional district and valley in the central part of Norway, consisting of the municipalities of Midtre Gauldal and Rennebu (county of Sør-Trøndelag, Norway). ... Not to be confused with Verdal. ... Namdalen is a landscape in the centre part of Norway, consisting of the municipalities Namsos, Grong, Overhalla, Røyrvik, Fosnes, Nærøy, Høylandet, Bindal, Namdalseid, Lierne, Flatanger, Verran, Leka, Namsskogan and Vikna. ... County Nord-Trøndelag District Namdalen Municipality NO-1750 Administrative centre Rørvik Mayor (2003) Karin Søraunet (KrF) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 268 318 km² 310 km² 0. ... County Nordland Landscape Sør-Helgeland Municipality NO-8901 Administrative centre Brønnøysund Mayor (2005) Kjell H. Trælnes (Sp) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 99 1,042 km² 996 km² 0. ... Helgeland is a landscape in Northern Norway. ... The Ranfjord is a fjord in Rana municipality, Nordland county, Norway. ... County Nord-Trøndelag District Namdalen Municipality NO-1742 Administrative centre Grong Mayor (2003) Erik Seem (Sp) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 87 1,136 km² 1,098 km² 0. ... County Nordland District Salten Municipality NO-1804 Administrative centre Bodø Mayor (2005) Odd-Tore Fygle (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 62 1,392 km² 1,308 km² 0. ... County District Salten Municipality NO-1841 Administrative centre Fauske Mayor (2005) Kjell Eilertsen (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 82 1,210 km² 1,109 km² 0. ... Ofotfjorden. ... Species Sorbus subgenus Aria Sorbus aria - Common Whitebeam Sorbus arranensis - Arran Whitebeam Sorbus bristoliensis - Bristol Gorge Whitebeam Sorbus devoniensis - Devon Whitebeam Sorbus folgneri - Folgners Whitebeam Sorbus intermedia - Swedish Whitebeam Sorbus mougeotii - Vosges Whitebeam Sorbus rupicola - Rock Whitebeam Sorbus thibetica - Tibetan Whitebeam Sorbus vestita - Himalayan Whitebeam Plus many other species... County Nordland District Helgeland Municipality NO-1811 Administrative centre TerrÃ¥k Mayor (2003) Magne Paulsen (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 76 1,265 km² 1,193 km² 0. ... The word grain has several meanings, most being descriptive of a small piece or particle. ...

The vegetation near Prestvannet, 100 m amsl in Tromsø, represents the upper part of the middle boreal zone.

Image File history File links Prestvannet-parkvei. ... Image File history File links Prestvannet-parkvei. ... Prestvannet lake, Tromsøya. ... The term above mean sea level (AMSL) refers to the elevation (on the ground) or altitude (in the air) of any object, relative to the average sea level. ...

Middle Boreal

The boreal plant species dominates in the Middle Boreal (MB) zone, and this is the most typical boreal zone. Norway spruce is the dominant tree in large areas in the interior of Østlandet, Sørlandet, Trøndelag and Helgeland; this MB and SB spruce forest is the commercially most important forest in Norway. Spruce does not grow naturally north of Saltfjell in mid-Nordland (the siberian spruce variant occurs in the Pasvik valley) due to mountain ranges blocking the advance, but is often planted in MB areas further north for economic reasons, contributing to a different landscape. Birch is usually dominant in these northern areas, but pine, aspen, rowan, bird cherry and grey alder are also common. This MB birch is often a cross between silver birch and downy birch and is larger (6 - 12 m) than the birch growing near the tree line; conifers will grow taller. Some alpine plants grow in the MB zone, nemoral species are rare. The understory is usually well developed if the forest is not too dense, and many plants do not grow further north. Grey alder, silver birch, yellow bedstraw, raspberry, mugwort and myrica gale are examples of species in this zone which do not grow further north or higher up. MB is located at an altitude of 400 - 750 m in Østlandet, up to 800 m in the southern valleys, from 300 m to 600 m (800 m at the head of the long fjords) on the southwest coast, and from 180 - 450 m in Trøndelag (700 m in the interior, as in Røros and Oppdal). Further north, MB is common in the lowland, up to 100 m above sea level in Lofoten and Vesterålen, 200 m above sea level in Narvik, 100 m in Tromsø, 130 m - 200 m in inland valleys in Troms, and the lowland at the head of Altafjord is the most northerly area of any size; small pockets exist in Porsanger and Sør-Varanger. This is usually the most northerly area with some farming activity, and Barley was traditionally grown even as far north as Alta. The MB vegetation covers a total of 20% of the land area. // For other uses, see Nordland (disambiguation). ... Species See text. ... Binomial name Betula pendula Roth. ... Binomial name Betula pubescens Ehrh. ... Understory (or understorey) is the term for the area of a forest which grows in the shade of the overstory or canopy. ... Binomial name Galium verum L. Galium verum (Ladys Bedstraw or Yellow Bedstraw) is a herbaceous annual plant of the family Rubiaceae, native to Europe and Asia. ... For the sound made by humans to simulate flatulence (blowing a raspberry) see the USA term, Bronx cheer Species Rubus idaeus raspberry (red) - watercolor 1892 The Raspberry or Red Raspberry, (Rubus idaeus) is a plant that produces a tart, sweet, red composite fruit (not a true berry) in late summer... Binomial name L. Artemisia vulgaris (Mugwort or Common Wormwood) is one of several species in the genus Artemisia with names containing mugwort. ... Binomial name Myrica gale L. Myrica gale is a species of flowering plant in the genus Myrica, native to northern and western Europe and parts of northern North America. ... County Sør-Trøndelag District Dovre region Municipality NO-1634 Administrative centre Aune Mayor (2004) Ola Røtvei (Ap) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 21 2,274 km² 2,202 km² 0. ... County Nordland District Ofoten Municipality NO-1805 Administrative centre Narvik Mayor (2004) Olav Sigurd Alstad (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 29 2,023 km² 1,905 km² 0. ... Image:NO 2020 Porsanger Porsángu Porsanki. ... County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2030 Administrative centre Kirkenes Mayor (2005) Tone Hatle (H) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 6 3,968 km² 3,468 km² 1. ... Binomial name L. Barley (Hordeum vulgare) is an annual cereal grain, which serves as a major animal feed crop, with smaller amounts used for malting and in health food. ... County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2012 Administrative centre Alta Mayor (2003) Geir Ove Bakken (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 7 3,849 km² 3,651 km² 1. ...

North Boreal

North boreal forest in Øvre Dividal National Park; the autumn colored leaves of the mountain birch continues upslope as the pine reaches its limit.

The North Boreal (NB) zone is the area closest to the tree line, bordering the alpine or polar area and dominated by a harsh subarctic climate, with at least 30 days with a mean of 10°C or more (summer) and up to about 2 months. The trees grow very slow and generally do not get very large; the forest is not as dense as further south or at lower altitude, and is known as the mountain forest (No:Fjellskog). The NB zone covers a total of 28% of the land area in Norway, including almost half of Finnmark, where the mountain birch is growing down to sea level. The lower part of this zone also has conifers, but the tree line in Norway is mostly formed by downy birch (ssp. czerepanovii; not to be confused with dwarf birch). Spruce and pine make up the tree line in some mountain areas with a more continental climate. Alpine plants are common in this zone. Birch forest at 1,320 m above sea level at Sikilsdalshorn is the highest tree line in Norway. The tree line is lower closer to the coast and in areas with lower mountains due to cooler summers, more wind near mountain summits, and more snow in the winter (coastal mountains) leading to later snowmelt. The NB zone is located at 750 - 950 m altitude in the interior of Østlandet and covers large areas; at 800 - 1200 m in the central mountain areas; but at the western coast the tree line is down to about 500 m above sea level, increasing significantly into the long fjords (1,100 m at the head of Sognefjord). Further north, large areas in the interior highlands or uplands of Trøndelag and North Norway is dominated by the NB zone, with the tree line at about 800 m amsl in the interior of Trøndelag, 600 m in Rana, 500 m in Narvik, 400 m in Tromsø, 100 m in Hammerfest and 200 m in Kirkenes. The large Finnmarksvidda plateau is at an altitude placing it almost exactly at the tree line. The NB zone gives way to the tundra at sea level about 10 km south of the North Cape plateau (near Skarsvåg); areas south of this line is often tundra-like with scattered patches of mountain birch woodland (forest tundra). The trees near the tree line is often bent by snow, wind and growing season frost; height is only 2 - 4 m. Outside Norway (and adjacent areas in Sweden), the only other areas in the world with the tree line mostly made up by a small-leaved decidous tree like birch - in contrast to conifers - are Iceland and the Kamtschatka peninsula. Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Øvre Dividal National Park lies in MÃ¥lselv kommune in Troms county, Norway. ... In this view of an alpine tree-line, the distant line looks particularly sharp. ... Binomial name Betula nana Dwarf birch (Betula nana) is a plant of the family Betulaceae. ... Map of the Sognefjord and environs The Sognefjord (Sognefjorden) is the second largest fjord in the world after Scoresby Sund on Greenland, and the largest in Norway. ... The municipality Rana in the county of Nordland, Norway, and has 25,350 inhabitants as of January 1, 2002. ... County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2004 Administrative centre Hammerfest Mayor (2006) Kristine Jørstad Bock (Ap) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 129 849 km² 819 km² 0. ... Finnmarksvidda (the Finnmark plateau) is Norways largest mountain plateau, with an area greater than 22,000 km². It lies at 300-500 meters above sea level. ... North Cape is the name of several capes: North Cape is a cape in Prince Edward Island, Canada North Cape is a cape in northern New Zealand North Cape is a cape in northern Norway, also known as Nordkapp The North Cape was a barge which ran aground in Rhode... SkarsvÃ¥g is a village in Finnmark county in northern Norway, with approximately 100 inhabitants. ... Kamchatka is home to many volcanoes, including Avachinsky shown here. ...

A conifer tree line is sometimes used (No: Barskoggrense) to divide this zone into two subzones, as the conifers will (usually) not grow as high up as the mountain birch. Spruce and pine grow at nearly 1,100 m above sea level in some areas of Jotunheimen, down to 400 m in Bergen (900 m at the head of Sognefjord), 900 m in Lillehammer (mountains near Oslo too low to observe a tree line), 500 m in Trondheim (750 m in Oppdal), 350 m in Narvik, 200 m in Harstad, 250 m in Alta and the most northerly pine forest in the world is in Stabbursdalen National Park in Porsanger. There are some forestry in this part of the NB zone; some conifers can grow quite large even if growth is slow. Orders & Families Cordaitales † Pinales   Pinaceae - Pine family   Araucariaceae - Araucaria family   Podocarpaceae - Yellow-wood family   Sciadopityaceae - Umbrella-pine family   Cupressaceae - Cypress family   Cephalotaxaceae - Plum-yew family   Taxaceae - Yew family Vojnovskyales † Voltziales † The conifers, division Pinophyta, are one of 13 or 14 division level taxa within the Kingdom Plantae. ... Stabbursdalen is a National Park in Norway. ... Image:NO 2020 Porsanger Porsángu Porsanki. ...

Boreal ecoregions

The boreal zones in Norway belongs to three ecoregions: The area dominated by coniferous forests (some birch, willow, aspen) mostly belong to the Scandinavian and Russian taiga PA0608 ecoregion. The smaller Scandinavian coastal conifer forests PA0520 ecoregion in coastal areas in mid-Norway is a boreal rainforests and very rare in Europe. Coastal areas along the entire western coast are sometimes included in this ecoregion, even areas lacking conifers. The area above the conifer tree line is made up by mountain birch betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii (No: fjellbjørkeskog) and belong to the Scandinavian Montane Birch forest and grasslands PA1110 tundra ecoregion. This region is sometimes used for the entire area outside the range of spruce forests, erroneously labeling the MB and lower part of NB vegetation areas as tundra. Restricting the PA1110 ecoregion to include areas above the conifer tree line, this region still make up approximately 45% of the mainland. This forest is located from Snillfjord just south of the Trondheimsfjord in Sør-Trøndelag county and north along the coast to Vefsn in Nordland county (this area is sometimes referred to as central Norway or the middle part of Norway). ... Hardangervidda, the largest mountain plateau in northern Europe The Scandinavian Montane Birch forests and grasslands PA 1110 is one of the terrestrial ecoregions as defined by the World Wildlife Fund. ...

Low alpine tundra vegetation in Jotunheimen

Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1704 × 2272 pixel, file size: 2. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1704 × 2272 pixel, file size: 2. ...

Tundra

Alpine tundra is the most common vegetation in Norway, covering a total of 32% of the land area (excluding Svalbard and Jan Mayen) and belonging to the Scandinavian Montane Birch forest and grasslands PA1110 ecoregion. The area closest to the tree line (low alpine) has continuous plant cover, with willow species such as salix glauca, -lanata and -lapponium up to a meter tall; blueberry, common juniper and twinflower are common. The low alpine area was traditionally used as summer pastures, and partly still is. This zone reaches an elevation of 1,500 m in Jotunheimen and includes most of Hardangervidda, it reaches 1,300 m in eastern Trollheimen and about 800 m in Narvik and the Lyngen Alps. Higher up (mid-alpine tundra) the plants become smaller, mosses and lichens are more predominant; plants still cover most of the ground even if snowfields last into mid-summer and permafrost are common. At the highest elevations (high-alpine tundra) the ground is dominated by bare rock, snow and glaciers, with few plants. The highest altitude weather station in Norway, Fanaråken in Luster at 2062 m, barely have three months above freezing and a July average of 2.7°C. Still, glacier buttercup has been found only 100 m below the summit of Galdhøpiggen, and mosses and lichens have been found at the summit. In northeastern Finnmark (northern half of the Varanger Peninsula) is a small lowland tundra area which is often considered part of the Kola Peninsula tundra PA1106 ecoregion. Svalbard and Jan Mayen have tundra vegetation except for areas covered by glaciers, and some areas, like the cliffs at southern Bjørnøya, are fertilized by sea bird colonies. This tundra is often considered part of the Arctic Desert PA1101 ecoregion. The most lush areas on these Arctic islands are sheltered fjord areas at Spitsbergen; they have the highest summer temperatures and the very dry climate ensures little snow and thus comparatively early snowmelt. The short growing season and the permafrost underneath the active layer still ensures enough moisture; plants include dwarf birch, cloudberry, Svalbard poppy and harebell. Species About 350, including: Salix alba - White Willow Salix amygdaloides - Peachleaf Willow Salix arbuscula - Mountain Willow Salix aurita - Eared Willow Salix babylonica - Peking Willow Salix caprea- Goat Willow Salix caroliniana - Coastal Plain Willow Salix cinerea - Grey Sallow Salix fragilis - Crack Willow Salix herbacea - Dwarf Willow Salix lanata - Woolly Willow Salix... Species See text. ... Binomial name Juniperus communis L. Juniperus communis, the Common Juniper, is a shrub or small tree, very variable and often a low spreading shrub, but occasionally reaching 10 m tall. ... Binomial name Linnaea borealis L. Twinflower (sometimes written twin flower, scientific name Linnaea borealis) is a woodland subshrub, treated either in the family Caprifoliaceae, or sometimes in its own family Linnaeaceae. ... Hardangervidda is a mountain range and national park in Norway. ... Speilsalen, a natural formation of the glacier in late summer Location of Trollheimen in Norway Trollheimen is a mountain range in Møre og Romsdal and Sør-Trøndelag counties in central Norway. ... Lyngen view. ... County District Sogn Municipality NO-1426 Administrative centre Gaupne Mayor (2003) Torodd Urnes (KrF) Official language form Nynorsk Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 15 2,707 km² 2,603 km² 0. ... Galdhøpiggen is the highest mountain in Norway, at 2469 m above sea level. ... This is an article about the plant. ... For other things named Lichen, see: Lichen (disambiguation). ... Varanger Peninsula - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Bjørnøya is located north of mainland Norway and south of Spitsbergen. ... Seabirds are birds that spend much of their lives, outside the breeding season at least, at sea. ... Map of Svalbard, showing Spitsbergen in the West. ... Vegetation gives off heat, resulting in this circular snowmelt pattern. ... In geology, permafrost or permafrost soil is soil at or below the freezing point of water (0°C or 32°F) for two or more years. ... Binomial name Betula nana Dwarf birch (Betula nana) is a plant of the family Betulaceae. ... Binomial name Rubus chamaemorus The cloudberry is a species of slow-growing bramble, Rubus chamaemorus L.; producing tasty fruit. ... Binomial name Papaver dahlianum Nordh. ... Binomial name Campanula rotundifolia L. The Harebell (Campanula rotundifolia) is a short to medium, slender, hairless perennial. ...

Natural resources

Petroleum, copper, natural gas, pyrites, nickel, iron ore, zinc, lead, fish, timber, hydropower Pumpjack pumping an oil well near Lubbock, Texas Ignacy Łukasiewicz - inventor of the refining of kerosene from crude oil. ... General Name, Symbol, Number copper, Cu, 29 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 11, 4, d Appearance metallic pinkish red Standard atomic weight 63. ... Natural gas is a gaseous fossil fuel consisting primarily of methane but including significant quantities of ethane, butane, propane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, helium and hydrogen sulfide. ... The mineral pyrite, or iron pyrite, is iron disulfide, FeS2. ... General Name, Symbol, Number nickel, Ni, 28 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 10, 4, d Appearance lustrous, metallic and silvery with a gold tinge Standard atomic weight 58. ... General Name, symbol, number iron, Fe, 26 Chemical series transition metals Group, period, block 8, 4, d Appearance lustrous metallic with a grayish tinge Standard atomic weight 55. ... General Name, Symbol, Number zinc, Zn, 30 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 12, 4, d Appearance bluish pale gray Standard atomic weight 65. ... For Pb as an abbreviation, see PB. General Name, Symbol, Number lead, Pb, 82 Chemical series Post-transition metals or poor metals Group, Period, Block 14, 6, p Appearance bluish gray Standard atomic weight 207. ... Fish are aquatic vertebrates that are cold-blooded, covered with scales, and equipped with two sets of paired fins and several unpaired fins. ... Timber in storage for later processing at a sawmill Timber is a term used to describe wood, either standing or that has been processed for use—from the time trees are felled, to its end product as a material suitable for industrial use—as structural material for construction or wood... Undershot water wheels on the Orontes River in Hama, Syria Saint Anthony Falls Hydropower is the capture of the energy of moving water for some useful purpose. ...

Land use

Coastal heath at Utsira, partly reforested with non-native conifers

arable land: 3.3% (in use; some more marginal areas are not in use or used as pastures)
permanent crops: 0%
permanent pastures: 0%
forests and woodland: 37%, of which 23% is productive forest ([10]); increasing as many pastures in the higher elevations and some coastal, man-made heaths are no longer used or reforested, and due to warmer summers.
other: 60% (mountains and heaths 47%, bogs and wetlands 6.3%, lakes and rivers 5.3%, urban areas 1.1%) Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1024 × 768 pixel, file size: 429 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) View with forest at Utsira. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1024 × 768 pixel, file size: 429 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) View with forest at Utsira. ... County Rogaland Landscape Municipality NO-1151 Administrative centre Utsira Mayor (2005) Geir Helge Rasmussen (Bygdalista for Utsira) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 433 6 km² 6 km² 0. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Pastureland Pasture is land with lush herbaceous vegetation cover used for grazing of ungulates as part of a farm or ranch. ... Pastureland Pasture is land with lush herbaceous vegetation cover used for grazing of ungulates as part of a farm or ranch. ... Heaths are anthropogenic habitats found primarily in northern and western Europe, where they have been created by thousands of years of human clearance of natural forest vegetation by grazing and burning on mainly infertile acidic soils. ... Lütt-Witt Moor, a bog in Henstedt-Ulzburg in northern Germany. ... A subtropical wetland in Florida, USA, with an endangered American Crocodile. ...

Irrigated land: 970 km² (1993 est.)

Natural hazards:

• Winter storms with hurricane strength wind speed along the coast and in the mountains are not uncommon. For centuries one out of four males in coastal communities were lost at sea.
• Avalanches on steep slopes, especially in the northern part of the country and in mountain areas. 16 Norwegian soldiers on exercise were killed by an avalanche in Vassdalen in Narvik municipality on March 5 1986.
• Landslides have on occasions killed people, mostly in areas with soil rich in marine clay, as in lowland areas near Trondheimsfjord.
• Tsunamies have killed people; usually caused by parts of mountains (rockslide) falling into fjords or lakes. This happened 1905 in Loen in Stryn when parts of Ramnefjell fell into Loenvatnet lake, causing a 40 m tsunami which killed 61 people. It happened again the same place in 1936, this time with 73 victims. 40 people were killed in Tafjord in Norddal in 1934.

A typical view of a winter storm. ... A Himalayan avalanche near Mount Everest. ... County Nordland District Ofoten Municipality NO-1805 Administrative centre Narvik Mayor (2004) Olav Sigurd Alstad (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 29 2,023 km² 1,905 km² 0. ... This article is about the day. ... Landslide of soil and regolith in Pakistan A landslide is a geological phenomenon which includes a wide range of ground movement, such as rock falls, deep failure of slopes and shallow debris flows. ... Marine clay is a type of clay found in coastal regions around the world. ... The tsunami that struck Malé in the Maldives on December 26, 2004. ... This entry refers to the geological term landslide. ... Loen Loen is a village in Stryn municipality, Norway. ... County Sogn og Fjordane District Nordfjord Municipality NO-1449 Administrative centre Stryn Mayor (2003) Nils P. Støyva (Ap) Official language form Nynorsk Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 63 1,381 km² 1,326 km² 0. ... Tafjord is a branch of the Norddalsfjord in Norddal municipality in the county of Møre og Romsdal, Norway. ... Norddal is a municipality in the county of Møre og Romsdal, Norway. ...

Environment

Current issues

Environmental concerns in Norway include how to cut greenhouse gas emissions, pollution of the air and water, loss of habitat, damage to cold water coral reefs from trawlers, and salmon fish farming treathening the wild salmon by spawning in the rivers, thereby diluting the local DNA. Acid rain has damaged lakes, rivers and forest, especially in the southernmost part of the country, and all wild salmon populations in Sørlandet has died. Due to lower emissions in Europe, acid rain in Norway has decreased by 40% from 1980 to 2003 ([11]). Another concern is a possible increase in extreme weather. In the future, climate models ([12]) predict increased precipitation, especially in the areas with current high precipitation, and also predict more episodes with heavy precipitation within a short time span, which can cause landslides and local floods. Winters will probably be significant milder, and the sea ice cover in the Arctic ocean might melt altogether in summer, threatening the survival of the polar bear on Svalbard. Both terrestrial and aquatic species are expected to shift northwards, and this is already observed for some species; migratory birds arriving earlier, trees coming into leaf earlier, Mackerel becoming common in summer off the coast of North Norway. However, the total number of species in Norway are expected to rise due to new species arriving ([13]). Norwegians are statistically among the world's most worried when it comes to global warming and its effects^[5], even if Norway is among the countries expected to be least negatively affected by global warming, with some possible gains ([14]). Top: Increasing atmospheric CO2 levels as measured in the atmosphere and ice cores. ... It has been suggested that Pollutant be merged into this article or section. ... Sørlandet is the geographical region (landsdel) of the Skagerrak coast of southern Norway. ... Binomial name Phipps, 1774 Polar bear range Synonyms Ursus eogroenlandicus Ursus groenlandicus Ursus jenaensis Ursus labradorensis Ursus marinus Ursus polaris Ursus spitzbergensis Ursus ungavensis Thalarctos maritimus The polar bear (Ursus maritimus) is a bear native to the Arctic. ... Mackerel is a common name applied to a number of different species of fish, mostly, but not exclusively, from the family Scombridae. ... Nord-Norge (Norwegian for Northern Norway) is the name of the geographical region of northern Norway, consisting of the three counties Nordland, Troms and Finnmark. ...

International agreements

Except for Denmark and some urban areas, population density in the Nordic countries is low, especially in the north.

party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol Image File history File links Download high resolution version (700x1012, 122 KB) Summary Terms of use: All images are the property of Nordregio. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (700x1012, 122 KB) Summary Terms of use: All images are the property of Nordregio. ... Crowded Shibuya, Tokyo shopping district An urban area is an area with an increased density of human-created structures in comparison to the areas surrounding it. ... Political map of the Nordic countries and associated territories. ... Air pollution is a chemical, particulate matter, or biological agent that modifies the natural characteristics of the atmosphere. ... The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty, also known as the Antarctic-Environmental Protocol is part of the Antarctic Treaty System. ... For the Antarctic Treaty from the Gundam anime, see Antarctic Treaty (Gundam) The Antarctic Treaty and related agreements, collectively called the Antarctic Treaty System or ATS, regulate the international relations with respect to Antarctica, Earths only uninhabited continent. ... Rainforests are among the most biodiverse ecosystems on earth Biodiversity is the variation of taxonomic life forms within a given ecosystem, biome or for the entire Earth. ... UNFCCC logo. ... This article includes a list of works cited or a list of external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ... The Siberian Tiger is a subspecies of tiger that are critically endangered. ... note - abbreviated as Environmental Modification opened for signature - December 10, 1976 entered into force - October 5, 1978 objective - to prohibit the military or other hostile use of environmental modification techniques in order to further world peace and trust among nations parties - (66) Afghanistan, Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria... Hazardous waste is waste that poses substantial or potential threats to public health or the environment and generally exhibits one or more of these characteristics: ignitability corrosivity reactivity (explosive) toxicity Many types of businesses generate hazardous waste. ... Admiralty law (usually referred to as simply admiralty and also referred to as maritime law) is a distinct body of law which governs maritime questions and offenses. ... Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping Wastes and Other Matter (London Convention) note - abbreviated as Marine Dumping opened for signature - 29 December 1972 entered into force - 30 August 1975 objective - to control pollution of the sea by dumping and to encourage regional agreements supplementary to the Convention... The Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) bans all nuclear explosions in all environments, for military or civilian purposes and was opened for signature in New York on 24 September 1996, when it was signed by 71 States, including the five nuclear weapon states at the time (which did not... Ship Pollution is an abbreviated form of the Protocol of 1978 Relating to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships, 1973. ... note - abbreviated as Tropical Timber 83 opened for signature - November 18, 1983 entered into force - April 1, 1985; this agreement expired when the International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994, went into force. ... note - abbreviated as Tropical Timber 94 opened for signature - January 26, 1994 entered into force - January 1, 1997 objective - to ensure that by the year 2000 exports of tropical timber originate from sustainably managed sources; to establish a fund to assist tropical timber producers in obtaining the resources necessary to... A subtropical wetland in Florida, USA, with an endangered American Crocodile. ... The crew of the oceanographic research vessel Princesse Alice, of Albert Grimaldi (later Prince Albert I of Monaco) pose while flensing a catch. ... Earth as seen by Apollo 17 The Kyoto Protocol is an amendment to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), an international treaty on global warming. ...

Major cities/towns (ranked by size)

• Oslo (earlier Kristiania) - capital
• Bergen - former capital, hansa city
• Trondheim - the first capital of Norway, known by the name Nidaros (viking age)
• Stavanger
• Kristiansand
• Fredrikstad
• Tromsø
• Drammen
• Sandnes
• Skien

Geography - note: Strategic location adjacent to sea lanes and air routes in the North Atlantic Ocean. County District Østlandet Municipality NO-0301 Administrative centre Oslo Mayor (2004) Per Ditlev-Simonsen (H) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 224 454 km² 426 km² 0. ... County Hordaland District Midhordland Municipality NO-1201 Administrative centre Bergen Mayor (2004) Herman Friele (H) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 215 465 km² 445 km² 0. ... Carta marina of the Baltic Sea region (1539). ... County District Municipality NO-1601 Administrative centre Trondheim Mayor (2003-) Rita Ottervik (AP) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 258 342 km² 322 km² 0. ... Nidaros was the old name of Trondheim, Norway, in the middle ages. ... The Viking Age is the name of the age in Northern Europe, following the Germanic Iron Age. ... County District Jæren Municipality NO-1103 Administrative centre Stavanger Mayor (1995-) Leif Johan Sevland (H) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 406 71 km² 68 km² 0. ... County District Sørlandet Municipality NO-1001 Administrative centre Kristiansand Mayor (2004) Jan Oddvar Skisland (KrF) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 287 277 km² 259 km² 0. ... County Østfold District Municipality NO-0106 Administrative centre Fredrikstad Mayor (2006) Ole Haabeth (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 283 288 km² 283 km² 0. ... County Troms District Municipality NO-1902 Administrative centre Tromsø Mayor (2004) Herman Kristoffersen (Ap) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 18 2,566 km² 2,519 km² 0. ... County Buskerud District Municipality NO-0602 Administrative centre Drammen Mayor (2003) Tore Opdal Hansen (H) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 366 137 km² 135 km² 0. ... The bus station Ruten Map showing Sandnes County Rogaland District Jæren Municipality NO-1102 Administrative centre Sandnes Mayor (1994) Jostein Rovik(H) Official language form Norwegian Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 273 302. ... County Telemark District Grenland Municipality NO-0806 Administrative centre Skien Mayor (2005) Rolf Erling Andersen (Ap) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 140 779 km² 719 km² 0. ...

Norwegian geography in fiction

• In The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy, fjords were an award winning geographical feature created by Slartibartfast when he helped in the construction of Earth.

• In Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back, scenes from the ice planet Hoth were filmed at Finse, Norway.

• Edgar Allan Poe and Jules Verne in respectively "A Descent into the Maelstrom" and Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea both portray Moskstraumen a large a system of tidal eddies and whirlpools in Lofoten.

• The car chase between James Bond and the villain in the James Bond film Die Another Day was shot in Svalbard.

The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy was first and foremost a 1978 radio comedy series written by Douglas Adams. ... There are many minor characters in the 5-part fictional trilogy The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy, by Douglas Adams. ... Movie poster Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back is the sequel to the first released Star Wars movie, and the second film released in the original trilogy. ... In the fictional universe of Star Wars, Hoth is the sixth planet of a remote system of the same name. ... Finse is an area in the Ulvik municipality of Hordaland. ... Edgar Allan Poe (January 19, 1809 – October 7, 1849) was an American poet, short story writer, editor, critic and one of the leaders of the American Romantic Movement. ... Jules Gabriel Verne (February 8, 1828–March 24, 1905) was a French author who pioneered the science-fiction genre. ... A Descent into the Maelstrom is a short story by Edgar Allan Poe. ... Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea is a classic science fiction novel by French writer Jules Verne (1828–1905), published in 1870 under the title Vingt mille lieues sous les mers. ... This page meets Wikipedias criteria for speedy deletion. ... Reine, Lofoten, seen from top of Reinebringen (June, 2003). ... Die Another Day is a 2002 spy film. ...

See also

Svartisen is the second largest glacier on the Norwegian mainland; the largest glaciers are on Svalbard.

• Geography of Europe
• Extreme points of Norway
• Districts of Norway
• Global warming
• List of national parks of Norway
• Related categories:
  • Fjords of Norway
  • Glaciers of Norway
  • Islands of Norway
  • Lakes of Norway
  • Mountains of Norway
  • Rivers of Norway
  • Valleys of Norway
  • Volcanoes of Norway
  • Waterfalls of Norway

Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2240x1680, 1818 KB) Engabreen, Svartisen glacier, Meløy, Nordland, Norway. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2240x1680, 1818 KB) Engabreen, Svartisen glacier, Meløy, Nordland, Norway. ... Svartisen is a collective term for two glaciers located in northern Norway. ... Europe is traditionally reckoned as one of seven continents. ... This is a list of the extreme points of Norway, the points that are farther north, south, east or west than any other location. ... Norway may be divided into a number of traditional districts. ... Global mean surface temperatures 1850 to 2006 Mean surface temperature anomalies during the period 1995 to 2004 with respect to the average temperatures from 1940 to 1980 Global warming is the observed increase in the average temperature of the Earths atmosphere and oceans in recent decades and the projected... List of Norwegian national parks with date of establishment and area. ...

References

Klaus Töpfer, former UNEP Exec. ...

External links

• Lists of Norwegian geographical facts from Statistics Norway
• NGU - Geological survey of Norway
• Norwegian Meteorological Institute:Climate of Norway
• The Flora and Fauna of Norway
• Protection of vegetation zones in Norway
• Four vegetation zones on Svalbard
• Forskning.no:Tsunamies in Norway (Norwegian)
• The Norwegian Forests - in brief
• The permafrost on Svalbard and in Norway is thawing
• The Norwegian Atlantic current has become warmer and weaker
• Climate classification flow chart
• The Gulf Stream Myth - but Norwegian Current important along coast of North Norway