Georgios Papadopoulos in the standard poster issued by the dictatorship government. It was a ubiquitous sight in Greece during the dictatorship. The caption: "Georgios Papadopoulos President of the National Government" can be seen written in Greek.

Georgios Papadopoulos (Greek: Γεώργιος Παπαδόπουλος, May 5, 1919 – June 27, 1999) was the head of the military coup d'état that took place in Greece on April 21, 1967 and leader of the military government that ruled the country during the period 1967 - 1974. Image File history File links Gpap. ... Image File history File links Gpap. ... May 5 is the 125th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (126th in leap years). ... 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... June 27 is the 178th day of the year (179th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 187 days remaining. ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... A coup détat (pronounced ), or simply coup, is the sudden overthrow of a government through unconstitutional means by a part of the state establishment — mostly replacing just the high-level figures. ... April 21 is the 111th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (112th in leap years). ... 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar (the link is to a full 1967 calendar). ...

Early life and military career

Papadopoulos was born in Elaiohori (Ελαιοχώρι, translated as Olive Ville), a small village in the Prefecture of Achaea in Peloponnese to local school teacher Christos Papadopoulos and his wife Chrysoula. He was the eldest son and had two brothers, Konstantinos and Haralambos. Upon finishing High School in 1937, he enrolled in the Scholi Evelpidon Officer Academy (Σχολή Ευελπίδων). He completed his three-year education in 1940. Elaiochori, other forms: Elaiochorio, Elaiochorion, Elaiohori, Elaiohorion, Eleochori, Eleochorio, Eleochorion, Eleohori, Eleohorio and Eleohorion (Greek: Ελαιοχώρι meaning olive town) may refer to several villages that begin with this name in Greece: Elaiochori, a village in the Achaea prefecture Elaiochori, a village in the Aetolia-Acarnania prefecture Elaiochori, a village in the... The term prefecture (from the Latin Praefectura) indicates the office, seat, territorial circonscription of a Prefect; consequentally, like that word, is its applied in English in relation to actual Prefects, whose title is just that (or the forms it takes in other, especially Romance, languages), in the broadest sense in... Achaea (Greek: , Achaïa; see also List of traditional Greek place names) is an ancient province and a present prefecture of Greece, on the northern coast of the Peloponnese, stretching from the mountain ranges of Erymanthus and Cyllene on the south to a narrow strip of fertile land on the... The Peloponnese or Peloponnesus (Greek: Πελοπόννησος Peloponnesos; see also List of traditional Greek place names) is a large peninsula in southern Greece, forming the part of the country south of the Gulf of Corinth. ... Students in Rome, Italy. ... A teachers room in a Japanese middle school, 2005. ... High school - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ...

Papadopoulos' biographical notes, that were published as a booklet by supporters in 1980, mention that he attended a Civil engineering course at the Polytechneion but did not graduate.^[1] The Falkirk Wheel in Scotland. ... Front entrance The National Technical University of Athens (Greek: Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο, National Metsovion Polytechnic), sometimes simply known as Athens Polytechnic, is among the oldest higher education institutions...

Resistance and Acquiescence

Graduates of the 1940 class would soon be introduced to war. On October 28, 1940, Prime Minister of Greece, Ioannis Metaxas, rejected an Italian ultimatum to allow the occupation unspecified strategic points within Greek territory by the Italian army. Italy's leader Benito Mussolini had already issued orders for an invasion in that event. Thus Greece entered World War II. Papadopoulos saw field action as a Second Lieutenant of the Artillery against both the Italians and the forces of Nazi Germany, who joined them on April 6, 1941. October 28 is the 301st day of the year (302nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 64 days remaining. ... 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1940 calendar). ... Note on Greek names: There is no firm convention for the rendering of Greek personal names into English. ... Ioannis Metaxas Ioannis Metaxas (Greek Ιωάννης Μεταξάς, April 12, 1871 – January 29, 1941) was a Greek General and the Prime Minister of Greece from 1936 until his death in 1941. ... Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (July 29, 1883 – April 28, 1945) was the Prime-Minister and dictator of Italy from 1922 until his overthrow in 1943. ... Combatants Italy Greece Commanders Sebastiano Visconti Prasca Ubaldo Soddu Ugo Cavallero Giovanni Messe Alexander Papagos Strength 529,000 men Under 300,000 men Casualties 13,755 dead, 25,067 missing, 50,874 wounded, 12,368 incapacitated by frostbites, ca. ... Combatants Major Allied powers: United Kingdom Soviet Union United States Republic of China and others Major Axis powers: Nazi Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Harry Truman Chiang Kai-Shek Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tojo Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead... Second Lieutenant is the lowest commissioned rank in many armed forces. ... Historically, artillery (from French artillerie) refers to any engine used for the discharge of projectiles during war. ... Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ... Combatants Germany, Italy, Bulgaria Greece, United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand Commanders Wilhelm List, Maximilian von Weichs Alexander Papagos, Henry Maitland Wilson, Thomas Blamey Strength Germany: 680,000 men,[1] 1200 tanks, 700 aircraft, Italy: 529,000 men Greece: 350,000 men, British Commonwealth: 58,000 men Casualties Italy: 13,755... April 6 is the 96th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (97th in leap years). ... This article is about the year. ...

The Wehrmacht captured Athens on April 27, 1941. Following their victory in the Battle of Crete (May 20 - June 1, 1941), Greece was placed under the combined occupation of Nazi Germany, Italy and Bulgaria. A resistance movement soon emerged, including several organizations varying in ideological conviction, popular support, and area of activity. Most significant among them was the left-wing Ethnikos Laikos Apeleftherotikos Stratos (ELAS), formed by the Communist Party of Greece (KKE) and the strongest group in terms of numbers. Papadopoulos, an anti-communist, did not join ELAS or any other resistance group and instead worked for the "Patras Food Supply Office" of the Greek collaborationist administration. Wehrmacht troops of the Heer (military land forces) marching at a military parade in honour of the 50th birthday of Adolf Hitler, on April 20th, 1939. ... Athens (Greek: Αθήνα, Athína IPA: ) is the capital and largest city of Greece and the birthplace of democracy. ... April 27 is the 117th day of the year (118th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 248 days remaining. ... This article is about the year. ... Combatants Greece New Zealand Australia United Kingdom Germany Italy Commanders Bernard Freyberg Kurt Student Strength 43,000 25,000 Casualties 3,500 dead 1,900 wounded 17,500 captured 6,200–16,100 dead, wounded, or captured The Battle of Crete (German Luftlandeschlacht um Kreta; Greek Μάχη της Κρήτης) began on the morning... May 20 is the 140th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (141st in leap years). ... June 1 is the 152nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (153rd in leap years), with 213 days remaining. ... This article is about the year. ... Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ... A resistance movement is a non-military group or collection of individual groups, dedicated to fighting an invader in an occupied country through either the use of physical force, or nonviolence. ... An ideology is a collection of ideas. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Party logo The Communist Party of Greece (Greek: Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας, Kommunistiko Komma Elladas), better known by its acronym ΚΚΕ (usually pronounced koo-koo-eh) , is the communist party in Greece. ...

The "Patras Food Supply Office" was run under the command of Colonel Kourkoulakos, and was responsible for tax collecting in the villages on behalf of the Nazi occupation forces. Colonel Kourkoulakos was responsible for the formation of the "Evzones Battalions" at Patras, which were military units comprised of anti-communist Greeks, collaborating with the Nazi occupation forces, primarily against the ELAS. Papadopoulos worked under the commands of Kourkoulakos against ELAS. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

At the beginning of 1944, Papadopoulos left Greece with the help of British intelligence agents and went to the Middle East, where the Greek government-in-exile was based, where he received the rank of Lieutenant. Along with other right-wing military officers, he participated in the creation of the right-wing paramilitary IDEA organization, in the fall of 1944, shortly after the country's liberation. A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ... Lieutenant is a military, paramilitary, fire service or police officer rank. ... In politics, right-wing, the political right, or simply The Right, are terms that refer to the segment of the political spectrum often associated with any of several strains of conservatism, the religious right, and areas of classical liberalism, or simply the opposite of left-wing politics. ...

Divorce by Decree

The Phoenix and the silhouette of the soldier bearing a bayonetted rifle was the emblem of the Junta.

Papadopoulos married his first wife Niki Vasileiadi in 1941 and they had two children, a son and a daughter.^[2] Their marriage, however, later fell in difficult times and they eventually separated. Their separation, although lengthy, initially could not lead to divorce because, under Greece's restrictive divorce laws of that era, spousal consent was required. To remedy this, in 1970, as Prime Minister of the dictatorship he decreed a custom made divorce law to be passed of very limited duration (built-in sunset clause), that enabled him to get the divorce. The law subsequently, having served its purpose, automatically expired. After his divorce, Papadopoulos married his long-time paramour Despina Gaspari in 1970 with whom he had a daughter.^[2] Image File history File links 21April1967emblem. ... Image File history File links 21April1967emblem. ... The phoenix from the Aberdeen Bestiary. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Rule by decree is a style of governance allowing quick, unchallenged creation of law by a single person or group, and is used primarily by dictators and absolute monarchs. ... A sunset clause is commonly a provision of a law passed by a legislature which causes that law to, in effect, repeal itself automatically as of a given date in the future, unless it is extended by another act of legislature. ... An intimate relationship is a interpersonal relationship where there is a great deal of physical or emotional intimacy. ...

Post-World War II career

In 1946, he received the rank of Captain and, in 1949, during the Greek Civil War, he rose to the rank of Major. (See also: Greek military ranks). He served at the KYP Intelligence Service from 1959 to 1964, after receiving training from the CIA in 1953. This article concerns the rank and title of Captain. ... Combatants Hellenic Army, Royalist forces, Republicans, British troops Communist guerillas (ELAS, DSE) Commanders Alexander Papagos Markos Vafiadis Strength 100,000 men 20,000 men and women Casualties 12,777 killed 37,732 wounded 4,527 missing 38,000 killed 40,000 captured or surrendered The Greek Civil War (Greek: ) was... Major is a military rank denoting an officer of mid-level command status. ... Modern Greek military ranks are based on Ancient Greek & Byzantine terminology, even though the ranks correspond to those of other Western armies. ... The Hellenic National Intelligence Service (NIS or EYP) (Greek: Ethniki Ypiresia Pliroforion, Εθνικη Υπηρεσια Πληροφοριων, ΕΥΠ) is the national intelligence service of Greece. ... The CIA Seal The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is an American intelligence agency, responsible for obtaining and analyzing information about foreign governments, corporations, and individuals, and reporting such information to the various branches of the U.S. Government. ...

Trials and tribulations: The Beloyannis affair

Papadopoulos was also a member of the court-martial in the first trial of the well-known Greek communist leader Nikos Beloyannis in 1951. At that trial, Beloyannis was sentenced to death for the crime of being a member of the Communist Party, which was banned at that time in Greece following the Greek Civil War. The death sentence pronounced after this trial was not carried out, but Beloyannis was put to trial again in early 1952, this time for alleged espionage, following the discovery of radio transmitters used by undercover Greek communists to communicate with the exiled leadership of the Party in the Soviet Union. At the end of this trial, he was sentenced to death and immediately shot. Papadopoulos was not involved in this second trial. The Beloyannis trials are highly controversial in Greece and many Greeks consider that, like many Greek communists at the time, Beloyannis was shot for his political beliefs, rather than any real crimes. The trial was by court-martial under Greek anti-insurgency legislation dating from the time of the Greek Civil War that remained in force even though the war had ended. A court-martial (plural courts-martial) is a military court that determines punishments for members of the military subject to military law. ... Nikos Beloyannis during the trial, holding a carnation. ... Combatants Hellenic Army, Royalist forces, Republicans, British troops Communist guerillas (ELAS, DSE) Commanders Alexander Papagos Markos Vafiadis Strength 100,000 men 20,000 men and women Casualties 12,777 killed 37,732 wounded 4,527 missing 38,000 killed 40,000 captured or surrendered The Greek Civil War (Greek: ) was... Combatants Hellenic Army, Royalist forces, Republicans, British troops Communist guerillas (ELAS, DSE) Commanders Alexander Papagos Markos Vafiadis Strength 100,000 men 20,000 men and women Casualties 12,777 killed 37,732 wounded 4,527 missing 38,000 killed 40,000 captured or surrendered The Greek Civil War (Greek: ) was...

Rise to colonel in the 1960s

In 1956, Papadopoulos took part in a failed coup attempt against Paul of Greece. In 1958, he helped create the Office of Military Studies, a surveillance authority, under General Gogousis. It was from this same office that the subsequently successful coup of April 21, 1967 emerged. Paul, King of the Hellenes (December 14, 1901 - March 6, 1964), was King of Greece from 1947 to 1964. ... Surveillance is the monitoring of behavior. ... April 21 is the 111th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (112th in leap years). ... 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar (the link is to a full 1967 calendar). ...

In 1967, Papadopoulos was promoted to Colonel. Colonel (IPA: or ) is a military rank of a commissioned officer, with the corresponding ranks existing in nearly every country in the world. ...

21 April 1967: A coup d'état by any other name

The same year, on April 21, (one month before the general elections) Papadopoulos, along with fellow middle-ranking Army officers, led a successful coup, taking advantage of the volatile political situation that had arisen from a conflict between King Constantine II and the aging former prime minister, Georgios Papandreou. Papadopoulos attempted to re-engineer the Greek political landscape by coup. Ironically, in his biographical notes published as a booklet by supporters in 1980 it is mentioned that he attended Polytechneion, the prime Engineering School in the country, but did not graduate. Many observers characterize his subsequent rule, as heavy-handed. Henry Tasca, American Ambassador to Greece, called the military government "the most anti-communist group you'll find anywhere." In Greece even today the words "21η Απριλίου 1967", translated as 21st April 1967, are still synonymous with the word "πραξικόπημα" that translates as coup d'état. Constantine of Greece, formerly Constantine II, King of the Hellenes (born June 2, 1940) was King of Greece from 1964 until the abolition of the monarchy in 1974. ... George Papandandreou George Papandreou (in Greek Georgios Papandreou or Γεώργιος Παπανδρέου) (18 February 1888 - 1 November 1968) was a Greek politician. ... Political engineering is a concept in political science that deals with the designing of political institutions in a society. ...

Regime of the Colonels

See main article: Greek military junta of 1967-1974 This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

King Konstantinos II surrounded by the junta government at the swearing-in ceremony of the dictators. Papadopoulos can be seen in the lower left-hand corner.

From the early stages Papadopoulos emerged as the strong man of the new regime. He was appointed Minister of National Defence and Minister of the Presidency in the first government, and his position was further enhanced when, after the King's abortive counter-coup on December 13, he became Prime Minister. Furthermore, on March 21, 1972, he nominated himself as Regent of Greece, succeeding Georgios Zoitakis. Image File history File linksMetadata Junta. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Junta. ... Constantine of Greece, formerly Constantine II, King of the Hellenes (born June 2, 1940) was King of Greece from 1964 until the abolition of the monarchy in 1974. ... March 21 is the 80th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (81st in leap years). ... 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... Georgios Zoitakis (1910 - 1996) was a Greek General. ...

Papadopoulos' regime imposed martial law, censorship, mass arrests, beatings and torture. Thousands of the regime's political opponents, or even people with coincidentally the same names as them, were thrown into prison or internal exile on islands like Makronisos. (Amnesty International issued a report detailing numerous instances of torture under the regime; details of which are given in the main article on the junta). Papadopoulos excused these actions by stating that they were being done to save the nation from a "communist takeover". Because of the regime's staunchly anti-communist stance, it was strongly supported by the United States, while otherwise Greece sunk in international isolation. Many Greeks felt confirmed in their belief of USA backing and even complicity in the coup by Bill Clinton's public apology for that support on behalf of the USA, during his November 1999 visit in Greece. Censorship is basically the editing, removing, or otherwise changing speech and other forms of human expression. ... Torture is any act by which severe pain, whether physical or psychological, is intentionally inflicted on a person as a means of intimidation, deterrence, revenge, punishment, sadism, or information gathering. ... Makronisos (Μακρόνησος, in Greek, lit. ... Amnesty International (commonly known as Amnesty or AI) is an non-governmental membership organization with the stated purpose of campaigning for internationally recognized human rights. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... William Jefferson Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001. ...

The military government dissolved political parties, clamped down on left wing organizations and labor unions, and promoted a more traditionalist culture, which saw among others an increased role for the Orthodox Church and implementation of measures such as more modest dress for women. At the same time, however, in an effort to garner popular support, extensive public works, such as road-building and electrification, were carried out in the mostly backward rural areas.

Assassination Attempt

Alexandros Panagoulis on trial by the junta Justice System.

On August 13 1968, a failed assassination attempt was made against Papadopoulos by Alexandros Panagoulis. The events took place in the morning of August 13, when Papadopoulos went from his summer residence in Lagonisi to Athens, escorted by his personal security motorcycles and cars. Panagoulis ignited a bomb at a point of the coastal road where the limousine carrying Papadopoulos would have to slow down but the bomb failed to harm Papadopoulos. Panagoulis was captured a few hours later in a nearby sea cave as the boat that would let him escape was instructed to leave at a specific time and he couldn't swim there on time due to the strong sea currents. Image File history File links Panagoulisontrial. ... Image File history File links Panagoulisontrial. ... August 13 is the 225th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (226th in leap years), with 140 days remaining. ... Alexandros Panagoulis (Greek Αλέξανδρος Παναγούλης) (2 July 1939 – 1 May 1976) was a Greek politician and poet. ... August 13 is the 225th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (226th in leap years), with 140 days remaining. ... Lagonisi (Greek: Λαγονήσι meaning rabbit island) is a settlement in the southern part of Kalyvia Thorikou by the Saronic Gulf in the Greek prefecture of Attica. ... Athens (Greek: Αθήνα, Athína IPA: ) is the capital and largest city of Greece and the birthplace of democracy. ...

Panagoulis was arrested, and transferred to the Greek Military Police (EAT-ESA) offices were he was questioned, beaten and tortured. On November 17, 1968, he was sentenced to death, and remained for five years in prison. After the restoration of Democracy, Panagoulis was elected a member of Parliament. Panagoulis was regarded as an emblematic figure for the struggle to restore Democracy. He has often been paralleled to Harmodius and Aristogeiton, two ancient Athenians, known for the tyrannicide of the Athenian tyrant Hipparchus. The Greek Military Police (Greek: Ελληνική Στρατιωτική Αστυνομία (ΕΣΑ), generally known in English by the acronym ESA (Elliniki Stratiotiki Astinomia) was the main security (secret police) and intelligence organisation during the Greek military junta of 1967-1974. ... 17 November is also the name of a Marxist group in Greece, coinciding with the anniversary of the Athens Polytechnic uprising. ... Statue of Harmodius and Aristogeiton, Naples. ... Tyrannicide, literally means the killing of a tyrant. ... Hipparchus was one of the sons of Pisistratus who became tyrant of Athens when Pisistratus died in 527 BC. Hipparchus ruled jointly with his brother Hippias. ...

Normalization and attempts at liberalization

As internal dissatisfaction grew in the early 1970s, and especially after an abortive coup by the Navy in early 1973, Papadopoulos attempted to legitimize the regime by beginning a gradual "democratization" (See also the article on Metapolitefsi). On June 1, 1973, he abolished the monarchy and declared himself President of the Republic after a controversial referendum. He furthermore sought the support of the old political establishment, but secured only the cooperation of Spiros Markezinis, who became Prime Minister. Concurrently, many restrictions were lifted, and the army's role significantly reduced. Papadopoulos intended to establish a presidential republic, with extensive powers vested in the office of President, which he held. The decision to return to political rule and the restriction of their role was resented by many of the regime's supporters in the Army, whose dissatisfaction with Papadopoulos would become evident a few months later. Metapolitefsi (Μεταπολίτευση) translated as Regime change refers to the period in Greek history after the fall of the Greek military junta of 1967-1974 and it includes the transition period between the fall of the dictatorship and the Greek legislative election, 1974 as well as the democratic period immediately after these... June 1 is the 152nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (153rd in leap years), with 213 days remaining. ... 1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday. ... Spiros Markezinis (1909 - January 4, 2000) was a Greek politician, longtime member of the Vouli (Greeces parliament), and briefly Prime Minister. ... Republics with presidential systems are shown in blue A presidential system, or a congressional system, is a system of government of a republic where the executive branch is elected separately from the legislative. ...

Fall of the military government

The former King Constantine of Greece shaking the hand of George Papadopoulos. In the centre a smiling Pattakos.

After the tragic events of the the student uprising of November 17 at the National Technical University of Athens (see:Athens Polytechnic uprising), his government was overthrown on November 25, 1973 by hard-line elements in the Army. The outcry over Papadopoulos's extensive reliance on the army to quell the student uprising gave Brigadier Dimitrios Ioannides a pretext to oust him and replace him as the new strong man of the regime. Papadopoulos was put under house arrest at his villa, while Greece returned to an 'orthodox' military dictatorship. Image File history File links Constantinospapadopouloshandshake. ... Image File history File links Constantinospapadopouloshandshake. ... 17 November is also the name of a Marxist group in Greece, coinciding with the anniversary of the Athens Polytechnic uprising. ... Front entrance The National Technical University of Athens (Greek: Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο, National Metsovion Polytechnic), sometimes simply known as Athens Polytechnic, is among the oldest higher education institutions... Military tank standing in front of the Athens Polytechnic. ... November 25 is the 329th (in leap years the 330th) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday. ... Dimitrios Ioannides (also Dimitris Ioannidis) (March 13, 1923) was a Greek military officer who was involved in the Greek military junta of 1967-1974. ...

After democracy was restored in 1974, during the metapolitefsi, Papadopoulos was tried along with his colleagues for treason and insurrection and received the death penalty, which was later commuted to a life sentence. Papadopoulos remained in prison, rejecting amnesty on the condition that he acknowledged his past record and expressed remorse, until his death at age 80, when he succumbed to cancer. Metapolitefsi (Μεταπολίτευση) translated as Regime change refers to the period in Greek history after the fall of the Greek military junta of 1967-1974 and it includes the transition period between the fall of the dictatorship and the Greek legislative election, 1974 as well as the democratic period immediately after these... Capital punishment, or the death penalty, is the execution of a convicted criminal by the State as punishment for crimes known as capital crimes or capital offenses. ... Amnesty (from the Greek amnestia, oblivion) is an act of justice by which the supreme power in a state restores those who may have been guilty of any offence against it to the position of innocent persons. ... Cancer is a class of diseases or disorders characterized by uncontrolled division of cells and the ability of these cells to invade other tissues, either by direct growth into adjacent tissue through invasion or by implantation into distant sites by metastasis. ...

Legacy

Today, Papadopoulos is a symbol of authoritarianism for many Greeks, some of whom characterize him as one of the most despised persons in recent Greek history. Few Greeks praise him for promoting Greek culture, imposing a strong hand and fighting Communism. After the restoration of democracy some support for the politics of Papadopoulos remained and was, for a time, represented by the National Political Union (EPEN), a fringe political party, that not unexpectedly declared him its honorary leader.^[2] EPEN eventually dissolved, with supporters scattering to various other political parties. Bold text:This article applies to political ideologies. ... Greece is often referred to as the cradle of Western civilisation and ancient Athens was considered to be its center. ... The National Political Union, better known as EPEN (Greek: Εθνική Πολιτική Ένωσις, or Ethniki Politiki Enosis , EΠΕΝ) was a minor Greek far-right political party. ...

See also

• History of Modern Greece
• Military history of Greece during World War II
• Greek Civil War
• Greek military junta of 1967-1974

This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Combatants Hellenic Army, Royalist forces, Republicans, British troops Communist guerillas (ELAS, DSE) Commanders Alexander Papagos Markos Vafiadis Strength 100,000 men 20,000 men and women Casualties 12,777 killed 37,732 wounded 4,527 missing 38,000 killed 40,000 captured or surrendered The Greek Civil War (Greek: ) was... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Cited References