HBX is a family of binary explosives that are composed of RDX, TNT, powdered aluminum, and D-2 wax with calcium chloride. It is used in missile warheads and underwater ordnance. This article is concerned solely with chemical explosives. ... [edit] Headline text ANEWNGONEWGEQWMedia:Example. ... R-phrases S-phrases Related Compounds Related compounds picric acid hexanitrobenzene Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is a chemical compound with the formula C6H2(NO2)3CH3. ... Aluminum is a soft and lightweight metal with a dull silvery appearance, due to a thin layer of oxidation that forms quickly when it is exposed to air. ... Calcium chloride is a chemical compound of calcium and chlorine. ...
Hepatitis B virus HBx protein activates transcription factor NF-kappaB by acting on multiple cytoplasmic inhibitors of rel-related proteins.The HBx protein is a small polypeptide encoded by mammalian hepadnaviruses that is essential for viral infectivity and is thought to play a role in development of hepatocellular carcinoma during chronic hepatitis B virus infection.
In addition, HBx mediates a striking reduction in cytoplasmic p105 NF-kappaB1 inhibitor and p50 protein levels and release of RelA protein that was sequestered by the p105 inhibitor, concomitant with nuclear accumulation of NF-kappaB complexes.
HBx mediated only a slight reduction in the cytoplasmic levels of NF-kappaB2 p100 protein, an additional precursor inhibitor of NF-kappaB, which is thought to be less efficiently processed or less responsive to release of NF-kappaB.
The fourth reading frame has been called the X gene and produces HBx protein that is essential for viral replication in liver cells and acts broadly to activate a variety of transcription factors.
HBx does not appear to interact directly with Ras or protein kinases but does appear to activate the calcium activate protein kinase Pyk2.
A dominant negative form of Pyk2 blocks HBx activity and the involvement of calcium in HBx activation of Pyk2 is indicated by the action of several molecular probes that alter cytosolic calcium signaling.
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