Hideki Yukawa

Hideki Yukawa FRSE (湯川 秀樹, January 23, 1907 - September 8, 1981) was a Japanese theoretical physicist and the first Japanese to win the Nobel prize. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1600x1200, 1142 KB) [edit] ファイルの概要 湯川秀樹の胸像。京都市左京区の京都大学基礎物理学研究所（湯川記念館）前で撮影。 The statue of Hideki Yukawa, a Japanese physicist, in Kyoto University, Japan. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1600x1200, 1142 KB) [edit] ファイルの概要 湯川秀樹の胸像。京都市左京区の京都大学基礎物理学研究所（湯川記念館）前で撮影。 The statue of Hideki Yukawa, a Japanese physicist, in Kyoto University, Japan. ... The Royal Society of Edinburghs Building on the corner of George St. ... January 23 is the 23rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1907 (MCMVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... September 8 is the 251st day of the year (252nd in leap years). ... 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Theoretical physics attempts to understand the world by making a model of reality, used for rationalizing, explaining, predicting physical phenomena through a physical theory. There are three types of theories in physics; mainstream theories, proposed theories and fringe theories. ... Nobel Prize medal. ...

He was born in Tokyo, on January 23, 1907. In 1929, after receiving his degree from Kyoto Imperial University he stayed on as a lecturer for four years. After graduation, he was interested in theoretical physics, particularly in the theory of elementary particles. In 1932, he married Sumiko and had two sons, Harumi and Takaaki. In 1933 he became a professor and an assistant professor at Osaka University, at age 26. Tokyo , literally Eastern capital)   is the capital and one of the forty-seven prefectures of Japan. ... January 23 is the 23rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1907 (MCMVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... 1929 (MCMXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Kyoto University in Kyoto, Japan (京都大学 Kyōto daigaku, abbreviated to 京大 Kyōdai) is the second oldest university of Japan and one of leading national universities having a total of roughly 22,000 students. ... Theoretical physics employs mathematical models and abstractions, as opposed to experimental processes, in an attempt to understand Nature. ... In particle physics, an elementary particle or fundamental particle is a particle not known to have substructure; that is, it is not made up of smaller particles. ... 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link will take you to a full 1932 calendar). ... 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Osaka University (大阪大学 ÅŒsaka Daigaku; abbreviated to 阪大 Handai) is a public coeducational research university in Suita, Osaka, Japan. ...

In 1935 he published his theory of mesons, which explained the interaction between protons and neutrons, and was a major influence on research into elementary particles. In 1940 he became a professor in Kyoto University. In 1940 he won the Imperial Prize of the Japan Academy, in 1943 the Decoration of Cultural Merit from the Japanese government. In 1949 he became a professor at Columbia University. In 1949 he won the Nobel prize for physics, after the discovery by Cecil Powell of Yukawa's predicted pion in 1947. Yukawa also predicted K-capture, in which a low energy hydrogen electron could be absorbed by the nucleus. 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... In particle physics, a meson is a strongly interacting boson, that is, it is a hadron with integral spin. ... Properties [1][2] In physics, the proton (Greek proton = first) is a subatomic particle with an electric charge of one positive fundamental unit (1. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1940 calendar). ... The Clocktower Kyoto University (Japanese: 京都大学, Kyōto Daigaku; abbreviated to 京大, Kyōdai) in Kyoto, Japan, is the second oldest university and one of the leading research universities in the country. ... 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1940 calendar). ... This prize is awarded by the Japan Academy to non-members in recognition of their academic theses, books, and achievements. ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1943 calendar). ... There is still dispute as to whether Japan is a constitutional monarchy or a republic. ... 1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1949 calendar). ... Columbia University is a private university whose main campus lies in the Morningside Heights neighborhood of the Borough of Manhattan in New York City. ... 1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1949 calendar). ... Nobel Prize medal. ... Cecil Frank Powell (December 5, 1903 _ August 9, 1969) was a British physicist, awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1950 for his development of the photographic method of studying nuclear processes and for the resulting discovery of the pion (pi-meson), a heavy subatomic particle. ... In particle physics, pion (short for pi meson) is the collective name for three subatomic particles: π0, π+ and π−. Pions are the lightest mesons and play an important role in explaining low-energy properties of the strong nuclear force. ... 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1947 calendar). ... Electron capture is a decay mode for chemical elements that will occur when there are too many protons in the nucleus of an atom, and there isnt enough energy to emit a positron; however, it continues to be a viable decay mode for radioactive elements that can decay by...

In 1953 he became the first chairman at Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics [1] An honorary doctorate of the University of Paris and honorary memberships of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, the Indian Academy of Sciences, the International Academy of Philosophy and Sciences, and the Pontificia Academia Scientiarum are granted to him for acknowledgement in science. 1953 (MCMLIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link is to a full 1953 calendar). ... The Sorbonne, Paris, in a 17th century engraving The historic University of Paris (French: Université de Paris) first appeared in the second half of the 12th century, but was in 1970 reorganized as 13 autonomous universities (University of Paris I–XIII). ... The Royal Society of Edinburghs Building on the corner of George St. ... The Indian Academy of Sciences was founded by Sir C. V. Raman, and was registered as a Society on 24 April 1934. ... Science in the broadest sense refers to any system of knowledge attained by verifiable means. ...

He had been an editor at Progress of Theoretical Physics since 1946. He had published many scientific papers and lecture notes, including Introduction to Quantum Mechanics (1946) and Introduction to the Theory of Elementary Particles (1948), both in Japanese. 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1948 calendar). ...

In 1955, he joined 10 other leading scientists and intellectuals in signing the Russell-Einstein Manifesto, calling for nuclear disarmament. 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Russell-Einstein Manifesto was issued in London on July 9, 1955 by Bertrand Russell in the midst of the Cold War. ... Nuclear disarmament is the proposed undeployment and dismantling of nuclear weapons particularly those the United States and the Soviet Union (later Russia) targeted on each other. ...

See also

Yukawa potential, an approximation for the binding force in an atomic nucleus A Yukawa potential (also called a screened Coulomb potential) is a potential of the form Hideki Yukawa showed in the 1930s that such a potential arises from the exchange of a massive scalar field such as the field of the pion whose mass is . ...

List of books available in English

• Profiles of Japanese science and scientists, 1970 / Supervisory editor: Hideki Yukawa (1970)
• Creativity and intuition : a physicist looks at East and West / by Hideki Yukawa ; translated by John Bester (1973)
• Scientific works(1979)
• Tabibito = The traveler / Hideki Yukawa ; translated by L. Brown & R. Yoshida(1982)

External links

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Hideki Yukawa

• Hideki Yukawa - Biography
• About Hideki Yukawa
• his prediction of the existence of mesons on the basis of theoretical work on nuclear forces.