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Holland is a region in the central-western part of the Netherlands with a population of 6.1 million people. Holland was a county of the Holy Roman Empire, ruled by the Count of Holland, and later became the dominant province of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces (1581–1795). The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...
Dutch ( ) is a West Germanic language spoken by around 23 million people, mainly in the Netherlands, Belgium and Suriname, but also by smaller groups of speakers in parts of France, Germany and several former Dutch colonies. ...
Holland can refer to many different things. ...
A county is generally a sub-unit of regional self-government within a sovereign jurisdiction. ...
This article is about the medieval empire. ...
The Counts of Holland ruled over the county of Holland in the Low Countries between the 10th and the 16th century. ...
This article is about the Dutch United Provinces. ...
North and South Holland shown together within the Netherlands
Approximate landscape in the Northern Netherlands during the 1st century AD (left) and the 10th century AD (right) Image File history File links Holland_position. ...
Image File history File links Holland_position. ...
Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 Ã 391 pixelsFull resolution (1198 Ã 585 pixel, file size: 643 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ...
Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 Ã 391 pixelsFull resolution (1198 Ã 585 pixel, file size: 643 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ...
[edit] Geography The name Holland, first appearing in the sources in 866 for the region around Haarlem and used for the county from 1064, is derived from holtland ("wooded land"), a usual spelling variation until the 14th century. Popular, but incorrect, etymology holds that it is derived from hol land ("hollow land"), inspired by the low-lying geography of both the Dutch Holland and the English region (Holland, Lincolnshire). Apart from coastal dunes most of the surface consists of polder landscape, lying well below sea-level and only kept from flooding by continuous drainage, for which in earlier centuries the typical Dutch windmills were used. In recent millennia the geography of the region has been extremely dynamic with the western coastline shifting up to thirty kilometres to the east, the Frisian Isles becoming detached from the north of Holland and the main Rhine and Maas rivers changing their course repeatedly and dramatically. In the last thousand years this process has been complicated by human activities. Behind the row of coastal dunes a large and high peat plateau had grown, protecting the land against the sea. In the tenth century this area was brought under cultivation; the drainage had extreme soil shrinkage as result, lowering the surface up to fifteen metres. In Zealand and Frisia this led to catastrophic storm floods literally washing away entire regions and the sea hollowed Holland out from behind, forming the Zuiderzee. Only drastic administrative intervention saved the county from utter destruction. The Counts and large monasteries took the lead in this, building the first really heavy emergency dykes to bolster critical points. Later special administrative bodies were formed, the waterschappen ("waterscapes"), with the power to enforce on penalty of death any decision they made regarding water management. They constructed an extensive dyke system with complete coverage of all polders, protecting the land from further incursions by the sea. From the 16th century onward, the Hollanders took the offensive and began land reclamation programmes, making polders of many lakes. As a result of all this historical maps bear little resemblance to the present situation. Events Fujiwara no Yoshifusa becomes regent of Japan, starting the Fujiwara regentship. ...
Coordinates: Country Netherlands Province North Holland Area (2006) - Municipality 32. ...
Events Sunset Crater Volcano first erupts. ...
A fake etymology, is an invented explanation (etymology) for the origin of a word. ...
In physical geography, a lowland is any broad expanse of land with a general low level. ...
Parts of Holland is an area in south-east Lincolnshire, England. ...
This article is about the sand formations, for other meanings see Dune (disambiguation) Mesquite Flat Dunes in Death Valley National Park In physical geography, a dune is a hill of sand built by eolian (wind-related) processes. ...
This article is about the terrain type. ...
A Dutch tower windmill, sporting sails, surrounded by tulips A windmill is an engine powered by the wind to produce energy, often contained in a large building as in traditional post mills, smock mills and tower mills. ...
Frisian Islands (without the islands in the german district Dithmarschen and in Denmark) The Frisian Islands form an archipelago in northwestern Europe that spreads across the coasts of three countries, from west to east, The Netherlands and Germany. ...
It has been suggested that River Rhine Pollution: November 1986 be merged into this article or section. ...
The Meuse (Maas) at Maastricht Meuse near Grave The Meuse (Dutch & German Maas) is a major European river, rising in France and flowing through Belgium and the Netherlands before draining into the North Sea. ...
Peat in Lewis, Scotland Peat is an accumulation of partially decayed vegetation matter. ...
Capital Middelburg Largest city Terneuzen Queens Commissioner Karla Peijs Religion (1999) Protestant 35% Catholic 23% Area ⢠Land ⢠Water 1,788 km² (10th) 1,146 km² Population (2006) ⢠Total ⢠Density 380,186 (11th) 213/km² (10th) Anthem Zeeuws volkslied ISO NL-ZE Official website www. ...
Satellite view of the German Bight (the Frisian Coast). ...
838 December 26: A large part of the northwest of the Netherlands was flooded by a storm. ...
Landsat photo The Zuider Zee (Dutch: Zuiderzee, pronounced ZIGH-der-zee) was a former shallow inlet of the North Sea in the northwest of the Netherlands, extending about 100 km inland and at most 50 km wide, with an overall depth of about 4 to 5 meters and a coastline...
Afsluitdijk, a 32 km dike in the Netherlands. ...
A water board (Dutch: waterschap or hoogheemraadschap, Flanders and Northern France: watringue, France: agence de leau, German: Wasserverband) is a regional organisation charged with the supply of water and care of water levels in its area. ...
LLGHHHHHHHHHK BNMNKBV JKVGKJJH JHVG KJVH KJV KJV JKV JV JV KJFYG KHV KJV gfnnnnnnnnnnhngjkv jh b ...
Land reclamation is either of two distinct practices. ...
The area is today divided between two provinces of the Netherlands: North Holland (Noord-Holland) and South Holland (Zuid-Holland) that were created in 1840, and make up roughly 13% of the area of the Netherlands. A few regions that were historically Hollandic became part of other provinces as a result of reforms during the French occupation (1795-1813). Willemstad and surroundings, the Biesbosch and the Land van Altena became eventually part of North Brabant in 1818. In 1942, after the Battle of the Netherlands the Germans ordered the islands of Vlieland and Terschelling to go to Friesland. This was not changed back after World War II. In 1950, the island of Urk went to Overijssel (in 1986 to Flevoland). More recent territorial changes are the transfer of Oudewater, Woerden and Vianen from South Holland to the province of Utrecht, in 1970, 1989 and 2002 respectively. The modern day Netherlands are divided into twelve provinces (provincies in Dutch), listed below with their capital city: Map of the Netherlands, with provinces and capital cities See also the ranked list of Dutch provinces // Structure A Dutch province represents the administrative layer in between the national government and the...
Capital Haarlem Queens Commissioner Mr. ...
South Holland (Dutch Zuid-Holland) is a province of the Netherlands, located in the west of the country on the North Sea coast. ...
Moerdijk is a municipality and a town in the southern Netherlands, in the province of North Brabant. ...
Satellite image of the Rhine-Meuse delta, showing the Biesbosch (8) The Biesbosch (Reed Woods) is one of the largest natural parks of the Netherlands. ...
Land van Altena (3) The Land van Heusden en Altena is an island in the estuary of the rivers Rhine and Meuse. ...
North Brabant (Dutch: Noord-Brabant) is a province of the Netherlands, located in the south of the country, bordered by Belgium in the south, the Meuse River (Maas) in the north, Limburg in the east and Zeeland in the west. ...
Combatants Kingdom of the Netherlands Germany Commanders Henry G. Winkelman, Jan Joseph Godfried baron van Voorst tot Voorst Fedor von Bock (Army Group B) Strength 9 divisions, 676 guns, 1 tank (inoperational), 124 aircraft Total: 350,000 men 22 divisions, 1,378 guns, 759 tanks, 1150 aircraft Total: 750,000...
Satellite image Vlieland (Frisian: Flylân) is a municipality in the northern Netherlands. ...
Terschelling (Frisian: Skylge) is a municipality and an island in the northern Netherlands, one of the West Frisian Islands. ...
Capital Leeuwarden Queens Commissioner drs. ...
Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki TÅjÅ Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000...
Urk is a municipality and a town in the Flevoland province in the central Netherlands. ...
Flag of Overijssel Overijssel is a province of the Netherlands, located in the central eastern part of the country. ...
Flevoland is a province of the Netherlands. ...
Oudewater is a municipality and a town in the central Netherlands. ...
Woerden is a municipality and a city in the central Netherlands. ...
Vianen is a municipality and a city in the central Netherlands, in the province of Utrecht. ...
Utrecht is the smallest province of the Netherlands, and is located in the center of the country. ...
[edit] History
Historical map of the Netherlands (1658) showing the consequences of storm tides between the twelfth and sixteenth century Image File history File links Download high resolution version (3426x2550, 1247 KB) Map of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands Drawn by Joannes (or Johannes) Janssonius Part of his collection Belgii Foederati Nova Descriptio Published in Amsterdam in 1658 Map predates international copyright law, plus author has sadly deceased...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (3426x2550, 1247 KB) Map of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands Drawn by Joannes (or Johannes) Janssonius Part of his collection Belgii Foederati Nova Descriptio Published in Amsterdam in 1658 Map predates international copyright law, plus author has sadly deceased...
[edit] County of Holland Holland arose as a county of the Holy Roman Empire in the 9th century. The Counts of Holland were also counts of Hainaut, Flanders and Zealand for several periods in the 13th-15th century. In this time a part of Frisia, West Friesland, was conquered and as a result most provincial institutions would for centuries bear the epithet "of Holland and West Frisia", such as the States of Holland and West Frisia. Partly because of the cultural antithesis between the regions, Holland was divided along the IJ between a Southern Quarter (Zuiderkwartier) and a Northern Quarter (Noorderkwartier). In 1432 Holland became part of the Burgundian Netherlands and since 1477 of the Habsburg Seventeen Provinces. In the 16th century the region became densely urbanised, with the majority of the population living in cities. Within the Burgundian Netherlands, it was the dominant province in the north; the political influence of Holland largely determined the extent of Burgundian dominion in that area. This article is about the medieval empire. ...
The Counts of Holland ruled over the county of Holland in the Low Countries between the 10th and the 16th century. ...
The virtually independent county of Hainaut emerged from chaotic conditions at the end of the 9th century as a semi-independent state, at first a vassal of the crown of Lotharingia. ...
For other uses, see Flanders (disambiguation). ...
Capital Middelburg Largest city Terneuzen Queens Commissioner Karla Peijs Religion (1999) Protestant 35% Catholic 23% Area ⢠Land ⢠Water 1,788 km² (10th) 1,146 km² Population (2006) ⢠Total ⢠Density 380,186 (11th) 213/km² (10th) Anthem Zeeuws volkslied ISO NL-ZE Official website www. ...
Satellite view of the German Bight (the Frisian Coast). ...
The historical region of West Friesland West Friesland (also West Frisia; Dutch: West-Friesland; West Frisian language: West-Fryslân) is a historical region in the northern part of The Netherlands, in the province Noord-Holland. ...
The States of Holland and West Friesland were the representation of the three Estates (standen): Nobility, Clergy and Commons to the court of the Count of Holland. ...
Satellite image of Amsterdam and surroundings showing whats left of the IJ, its polders, and the North Sea Canal. ...
In the history of the Low Countries, the Burgundian Netherlands refers to the period when the dukes of Burgundy ruled the area, as well as Luxembourg and northern France from 1384 to 1477. ...
Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy; also used as the flag of the Austrian Empire until the Ausgleich of 1867. ...
Flag of the Seventeen Provinces The Seventeen Provinces were a personal union of states in the Low Countries in the 15th century and 16th century, roughly covering the current Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, a good part of the North of France (Artois, Nord) and a small part of the West of...
Urbanization is the degree of or increase in urban character or nature. ...
In the Dutch Rebellion against the Habsburgs during the Eighty Years' War, the naval forces of the rebels, the Watergeuzen, established their first permanent base in 1572 in the Hollandic city of Brill. This way Holland, now a souvereign state as part of a larger Dutch confederation, became the center of the rebellion and as a result the cultural, political and economic center of the United Provinces, in the 17th century, the Dutch Golden Age, the wealthiest nation in the world. The largest cities of the Dutch Republic were located within the province of Holland such as Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Leiden, Alkmaar, The Hague, Delft and Haarlem. From the great ports of Holland, Hollandic merchants sailed to and from destinations all over Europe, and merchants from all over Europe gathered to trade in the warehouses of Amsterdam and other trading cities of Holland. Many Europeans heard of the United Provinces first as "Holland" rather than "Republic of the Seven United Provinces of the Netherlands". This usage continues to this day. Externally a strong image of Holland was created, which image was then projected on the Republic as a whole; internally a slow process of Hollandic cultural expansion took place, leading to a more uniform culture for the whole of the Republic, that adopted the urban dialects of Holland as its standard language. Combatants Dutch rebels Spanish Empire The Eighty Years War, or Dutch Revolt (1568[1]â1648), was the revolt of the Seventeen Provinces in the Netherlands against the Spanish (Habsburg) Empire. ...
The Watergeuzen (or simply Geuzen) were a fleet of privateers during the Eighty Years War, the Low Countries (or Netherlands) rebellion against the Spanish occupation, which began during the reign of Philip II of Spain (in the 1550s). ...
Brielle, also called Den Briel, (population: 15,948 in 2004) is a town in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. ...
Rembrandt The Nightwatch (1642) The Golden Age (1584-1702) was a period in Dutch history, roughly spanning the 17th century, in which Dutch trade, science, and art were among the most acclaimed in the world. ...
Map of Dutch Republic by Joannes Janssonius United Netherlands redirects here. ...
For other uses, see Amsterdam (disambiguation). ...
Nickname: Motto: Sterker door strijd (Stronger through Struggle) Location of Rotterdam Coordinates: , Country Netherlands Province South Holland Government - Mayor Ivo Opstelten - Aldermen Jeannette Baljeu Hamit Karakus Orhan Kaya Lucas Bolsius Jantine Kriens Dominic Schrijer Roelf de Boer Leonard Geluk Area [1] - City 319 km² (123. ...
Leyden redirects here. ...
Accijnstoren Cheese market Canal and bridge Weighing house Alkmaar (West Frisian: Alkmare) is a municipality and a city in the Netherlands, in the province of Noord Holland. ...
Coordinates: , Country Netherlands Province South Holland Area (2006) - Municipality 98. ...
Coordinates: Country Netherlands Province South Holland Area (2006) - Municipality 24. ...
Coordinates: Country Netherlands Province North Holland Area (2006) - Municipality 32. ...
Merchants function as professional traders, dealing in commodities that they do not produce themselves. ...
For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ...
A standard language (also standard dialect or standardized dialect) is a particular variety of a language that has been given either legal or quasi-legal status. ...
In this period the province became predominantly Calvinist but with a large Catholic minority. In an unadorned church, the 17th century congregation stands to hear the sermon. ...
[edit] After 1795
North Holland and South Holland lie along the western coast of the Netherlands. The formation of the Batavian Republic, inspired by the French revolution, led to a more centralised government; Holland from a sovereign state became a province of a unitary state. The independence of Holland was further reduced by an administrative reform in 1798, in which its territory was divided over several departments: Amstel, Delf, Texel, and (part of) Schelde en Maas. Download high resolution version (800x948, 116 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Netherlands Provinces of the Netherlands List of subnational entities List of islands of the Netherlands Ranked list of Dutch provinces Category:Maps of the Netherlands Categories: GFDL images ...
Download high resolution version (800x948, 116 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Netherlands Provinces of the Netherlands List of subnational entities List of islands of the Netherlands Ranked list of Dutch provinces Category:Maps of the Netherlands Categories: GFDL images ...
From 1795 to 1806, the Batavian Republic (Bataafse Republiek in Dutch) designated the Netherlands as a republic modeled after the French Republic, to which it was a vassal state. ...
The French Revolution (1789â1815) was a period of political and social upheaval in the political history of France and Europe as a whole, during which the French governmental structure, previously an absolute monarchy with feudal privileges for the aristocracy and Catholic clergy, underwent radical change to forms based on...
A map showing the unitary states. ...
From 1806-1810 Napoleon styled his vassal state, governed by his brother Louis Napoleon, which included much of the modern Netherlands, as the Kingdom of Holland. The name reflects how natural at the time it had become to equal Holland with the Northern Netherlands as a whole[1]. Napoléon I, Emperor of the French (born Napoleone di Buonaparte, changed his name to Napoléon Bonaparte)[1] (15 August 1769; Ajaccio, Corsica â 5 May 1821; Saint Helena) was a general during the French Revolution, the ruler of France as First Consul (Premier Consul) of the French Republic from...
Louis I Napoleon Bonaparte, King of Holland, Grand Duke of Berg and Cleves, Count of Saint-Leu (Lodewijk Napoleon in Dutch) (September 2, 1778 â July 25, 1846) was the fifth surviving child and fourth surviving son of Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino. ...
The Kingdom of Holland 1806 - 1810 (Koninkrijk Holland in Dutch, Royaume dHollande in French) was set up by Napoleon Bonaparte as a puppet kingdom for his third brother, Louis Bonaparte, in order to better control the Netherlands. ...
After annexation by the French Empire (1810-1813), Holland was divided over the départements Zuyderzée and Bouches-de-la-Meuse. After 1813, Holland was restored as a province of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. It was divided into the present provinces North Holland and South Holland in 1840, after the Belgian Revolution of 1830. The term French Empire can refer to: The First French Empire of Napoleon Bonaparte (1804 - 1814 or 1815) The Second French Empire of Napoleon III (1852 - 1870) The Second French Colonial Empire (1830 - 1960) This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise...
The départements (or departments) are administrative units of France and many former French colonies, roughly analogous to English counties. ...
Zuyderzée is the name of a département of the First French Empire in the present Netherlands. ...
Bouches-de-la-Meuse(Dutch: Monden van de Maas) is the name of a département of the First French Empire in the present Netherlands. ...
The Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg and Limburg in 1839 1, 2 and 3 United Kingdom of the Netherlands (until 1830) 1 and 2 Kingdom of the Netherlands (after 1830) 2 Duchy of Limburg (In the German Confederacy after 1839 as compensation for Waals-Luxemburg) 3 and 4 Kingdom of Belgium (after...
Capital Haarlem Queens Commissioner Mr. ...
South Holland (Dutch Zuid-Holland) is a province of the Netherlands, located in the west of the country on the North Sea coast. ...
This article is about the historical Belgian Revolution of the 1830s. ...
From 1850 a strong process of nation formation took place, the Netherlands being culturally unified and economically integrated by a modernisation process with the Hollandic cities as its centre[2]. This has led to a reaction by the peripheral regions, who saw their identity threatened: regionalism trying to maintain the local culture against Hollandic expansion. The other provinces thus have a strong, and often negative[3], image of the Hollander, to whom certain qualities are ascribed within a mental geography[4]; the Hollanders themselves however have a weak self-image[5] as they take Hollandic cultural dominance for granted: to them the concepts of Holland and the Netherlands coincide and consequently they see themselves as simply Dutch[6], a phenomenon known as hollandocentrism[7]. The image of Holland — an artificial amalgam of tulips, windmills, clogs, Edam cheese and the traditional costume of Volendam fishermen — is actively exploited for Holland Promotion abroad. Nation-building refers to the process of constructing or structuring a nation using the power of the state, especially a foreign one. ...
Modernization is the process of changing the conditions of a society, an organisation or another group of people in ways that change the privileges of that group according to modern technology or modern knowledge. ...
Regionalism could be Regionalism (politics) Regionalism (literature) Regionalism (art) Regionalism (linguistics) Category: ...
The word clog, as applied to footwear, has these meanings:- A type of shoe or sandal made predominantly out of wood. ...
Country of origin The Netherlands Region, town Edam-Volendam, Edam Source of milk Cows Pasteurised Yes Texture Semi-hard Aging time up to 10 months Certification No Edam cheese (Edammer in Dutch) is a Dutch cheese that is traditionally sold as spheres with pale yellow interior and a coat of...
Volendam (on the coast) and Edam (at the back) Volendam is a town in North Holland in the Netherlands, in the municipality of Edam-Volendam. ...
Today, together with Utrecht, the main Hollandic cities: Amsterdam (the capital of the Netherlands), Rotterdam (Europe's largest harbour) and The Hague (the seat of government) form what is called Randstad Holland, one of the most densely populated regions of Europe. Effective state intervention in urban development has however limited the growth into an enormous urban sprawl: most of the province is still surprisingly rural, though featuring highly intensive agriculture, such as the famous tulip fields and many greenhouse areas. This implies that the population density in the cities themselves is even higher. A small minority of the people Hollandic population still speaks the original Hollandic dialects. Utrecht ( (help· info)) is a municipality and the capital city of the Dutch province of Utrecht. ...
For other uses, see Amsterdam (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Netherlands (disambiguation). ...
Nickname: Motto: Sterker door strijd (Stronger through Struggle) Location of Rotterdam Coordinates: , Country Netherlands Province South Holland Government - Mayor Ivo Opstelten - Aldermen Jeannette Baljeu Hamit Karakus Orhan Kaya Lucas Bolsius Jantine Kriens Dominic Schrijer Roelf de Boer Leonard Geluk Area [1] - City 319 km² (123. ...
port of Rotterdam lay-out and evolution The Waalhaven by night Europe Container Terminals The port of Rotterdam is the largest port in Europe, located in the city of Rotterdam, South Holland, the Netherlands. ...
Coordinates: , Country Netherlands Province South Holland Area (2006) - Municipality 98. ...
The seat of government is the location of the government for a political entity. ...
Schematic map of the Randstad. ...
Urban sprawl (also: suburban sprawl) is the spreading out of a city and its suburbs over rural land at the fringe of an urban area. ...
Intensive agriculture is an agricultural production system characterized by the significant use of inputs, and seeking to maximize the production. ...
Species See text Tulip (Tulipa) is a genus of about 100 species of flowering plants in the family Liliaceae. ...
The Royal Greenhouses of Laeken. ...
Hollandic (Dutch: Hollands) is, together with Brabantic, the most frequently used dialect of the Dutch language. ...
[edit] References - ^ Thimo de Nijs and Eelco Beukers (red.), 2002, Geschiedenis van Holland, Volume 2, p. 468
- ^ Thimo de Nijs and Eelco Beukers (red.), 2003, Geschiedenis van Holland, Volume 3, p. 548
- ^ Thimo de Nijs and Eelco Beukers (red.), 2003, Geschiedenis van Holland, Volume 3, p. 688
- ^ Thimo de Nijs and Eelco Beukers (red.), 2003, Geschiedenis van Holland, Volume 3, p. 556
- ^ Thimo de Nijs and Eelco Beukers (red.), 2003, Geschiedenis van Holland, Volume 3, p. 556
- ^ Thimo de Nijs and Eelco Beukers (red.), 2003, Geschiedenis van Holland, Volume 3, p. 700
- ^ Thimo de Nijs and Eelco Beukers (red.), 2003, Geschiedenis van Holland, Volume 3, p. 647
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