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Encyclopedia > House of Commons
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The House of Commons is the elected lower house of the bicameral parliament in the United Kingdom and Canada. There have also been Houses of Commons in Ireland and North Carolina (United States). Politics is a process by which decisions are made within groups. ... Information on politics by country is available for every country, including both de jure and de facto independent states, inhabited dependent territories, as well as areas of special sovereignty. ... Political science is an academic and research discipline that deals with the theory and practice of politics and the description and analysis of political systems and political behavior. ... Political history is what most people refer to simply as history. ... This is a list of notable political scientists. ... Comparative government or more correctly comparative politics is the field in political science that focuses on comparing the varying forms of government in the world, and the states they govern, though it may also compare governments across different periods of history. ... International relations (IR), a branch of political science, is the study of foreign affairs of and relations among states within the international system, including the roles of states, inter-governmental organizations (IGOs), non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and multinational corporations (MNCs). ... Political economy was the original term for the study of production, the acts of buying and selling, and their relationships to laws, customs and government. ... Political philosophy is the study of fundamental questions about the state, government, politics, liberty, property, rights, law and the enforcement of a legal code by authority: what they are, why they are needed, what makes a government legitimate, what rights and freedoms it should protect and why, what form it... Political psychology is an interdisciplinary academic field dedicated to the study of the psychology behind political behavior by voters, lawmakers, local and national governments and administrations, international organizations, political parties and associations. ... A form of government is a colloquial term that refers to the set of political institutions by which a state is organized in order to exert its powers over a political community [1] Note that this definition holds valid even if the government is illegitimate or if it is unsuccessful... Sovereignty is the exclusive right to exercise supreme political (e. ... It has been suggested that public management be merged into this article or section. ... Bureaucracy is a concept in sociology and political science referring to the way that the administrative execution and enforcement of legal rules is socially organized. ... Street-level bureaucracy is a term used to refer to a public agency employee who actually performs the actions that implement laws. ... In some theories of government, all people are considered equal: in their right to govern themselves, and in their contributions to the rules of their society. ... The psychodynamics of decision-making form a basis to understand institutional functioning. ... Politics is a process by which decisions are made within groups. ... A form of government (also referred to as a system of government or a political system) is a system composed of various people, institutions and their relations in regard to the governance of a state. ... Anarchy (Greek: αναρχία) is the anarchist society, the stateless society of free people. ... -1... An Autocracy is a form of government in which unlimited power is held by a single individual. ... Despotism is a form of government by a single authority, either a single person (ie. ... A dictatorship is a autocratic form of government in which the government is ruled by a dictator. ... Places where monarchies maintain rule appear in blue. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Oligarchy is a form of government where most or all political power effectively rests with a small segment of society (typically the most powerful, whether by wealth, family, military strength, ruthlessness, or political influence). ... States in which a single party is constitutionally linked to power (or the provisions of its constitution are currently suspended while a single party rules) are coloured in brown. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... A legislature is a type of representative deliberative assembly with the power to adopt laws. ... An election is a decision making process where people vote for preferred political candidates or parties to act as representatives in government. ... It has been suggested that ballot be merged into this article or section. ... An ideology is an organized collection of ideas. ... A political party is an organization that seeks to attain political power within a government, usually by participating in electoral campaigns. ... Download high resolution version (569x721, 56 KB)From [1]. The House of Commons Information Office has made available a small number of copyright-free images on the Parliament website. ... Download high resolution version (569x721, 56 KB)From [1]. The House of Commons Information Office has made available a small number of copyright-free images on the Parliament website. ... The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. ... The interior of the Canadian House of Commons, Parliament Hill, Ottawa. ... The interior of the Canadian House of Commons, Parliament Hill, Ottawa. ... The House of Commons (French: Chambre des communes) is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the Sovereign (represented by the Governor General) and the Senate. ... A lower house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the upper house. ... In government, bicameralism is the practice of having two legislative or parliamentary chambers. ... States currently utilizing parliamentary systems are denoted in orange and red—the former being constitutional monarchies where authority is vested in a parliament, and the latter being parliamentary republics whose parliaments are effectively supreme over a separate head of state. ... This article is the current U.S. Collaboration of the Week. ...


In the UK and Canada, the Commons generally holds much more legislative power than the upper house (the House of Lords or the Canadian Senate). The leader of the majority party in the House of Commons usually becomes the prime minister. Since 2005, the British House of Commons has had 646 elected members. The Canadian House of Commons has 308 members. "The Commons" primary functions are to pass and debate (but not suggest) laws, authorize taxes, and provide scrutiny and debate about public policy. It does have the power to give a Prime Minister a vote of no confidence, although this has not happened in the British House of Commons since 1924. An upper house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the lower house. ... This article is about the British House of Lords. ... The Senate of Canada (French: Le Sénat du Canada) is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the Sovereign (represented by the Governor General) and the House of Commons. ... A prime minister is the most senior minister of a cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. ... The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. ... The House of Commons (French: Chambre des communes) is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the Sovereign (represented by the Governor General) and the Senate. ... A Motion of No Confidence, also called Motion of Non Confidence is a parliamentary motion traditionally put before a parliament by the opposition in the hope of defeating or embarrassing a government. ...


History and naming

Originally, "the commons" were an Estate of the realm prior to the Enlightenment in European politics, which typically divided the governance of an area between estates of society. The commons represented commoners, such as members of craft guilds, burghers, and tenants. Other estates included the prelates, nobles, merchants and knights. The British House of Commons was created to serve as the political outlet for this "commons" class, while the elite estates were represented in the House of Lords. The House of Commons was thus elected while members of the upper house were appointed on the basis of various forms of merit, such as hereditary titles, family lineage, or a service to the realm that warranted special recognition. However, the term "commons" in House of Commons, is derived from the Anglo-Norman word communes, which referred to the respective geographic and collective "communities" of their representatives and not the third estate, the commonality. In several different regions of medieval Europe, and continuing in some countries down to the present day, the Estates of the realm were broad divisions of society, usually distinguishing nobility, clergy, and commoners; this last group was, in some regions, further divided into burghers (also known as bourgeoisie) and peasants. ... The Age of Enlightenment refers to either the eighteenth century in European philosophy, or the longer period including the seventeenth century and the Age of Reason. ... A commoner, in British law, is someone who is neither the Sovereign nor a noble. ... A guild is an association of people of the same trade or pursuits (with a similar skill or craft), formed to protect mutual interests and maintain standards of workmanship and ethical conduct. ... Burgher can refer to: A title. ... A tenant (from the Latin tenere, to hold), in legal contexts, holds real property by some form of title from a landlord. ... A prelate is a member of the clergy having a special canonical jurisdiction over a territory or a group of people; usually, a prelate is a bishop. ... The Lords and Barons prove their Nobility by hanging their Banners and exposing their Coats-of-arms at the Windows of the Lodge of the Heralds. ... Merchants function as professional traders, dealing in commodities that they do not produce themselves. ... A statue of an armoured knight of the Middle Ages For the chess piece, see knight (chess). ... This article is about the British House of Lords. ...


Specific bodies

Although it is common to associate the title of "House of Commons" with the Westminster system in general, in practice, only two states actually use the title. They are: The Westminster system is a democratic system of government modelled after that of the United Kingdom system, as used in the Palace of Westminster, the location of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. ...

Three historical bodies have used this name in Ireland as well, they are: The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. ... The Palace of Westminster, also known as the Houses of Parliament or Westminster Palace, in London, England is where the two Houses of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (the House of Lords and the House of Commons) meet to conduct their business. ... London (pronounced ) is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom. ... The House of Commons (French: Chambre des communes) is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the Sovereign (represented by the Governor General) and the Senate. ... The Parliament of Canada (French: Parlement du Canada) is Canadas legislative branch, seated at Parliament Hill in Ottawa, Ontario. ... Motto: Advance Ottawa/Ottawa en avant Coordinates: Country Canada Province Ontario County Established 1850 as Bytown City Mayor Bob Chiarelli Governing body Ottawa City Council MPs / MPPs Members of Parliament (MPs) Mauril Bélanger (LPC), Paul Dewar (NDP), John Baird (CPC), Royal Galipeau (CPC), David McGuinty (LPC),Pierre Lemieux (CPC...

The lower house of the General Assembly of North Carolina was also known as the House of Commons between 1760 and 1868. The Irish House of Commons by Francis Wheatley (1780) The Irish House of Commons was the lower house of the Parliament of Ireland, that existed from mediæval times until 1800. ... House of Commons of Southern Ireland was the lower house of the Irish parliament created by the Government of Ireland Act, passed in 1920, during the Irish War of Independence. ... The Parliament of Northern Ireland was the home rule legislature created under the Government of Ireland Act 1920, which existed from June 7, 1921 to March 30, 1972, when it was suspended. ... A lower house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the upper house. ... The North Carolina General Assembly is the state legislature of the U.S. state of North Carolina. ... This article is the current U.S. Collaboration of the Week. ...


See also

The Irish House of CommonsThe first purpose-built House of Commons chamber in the world. Painted c.1780.
The Irish House of Commons
The first purpose-built House of Commons chamber in the world. Painted c.1780.

  Results from FactBites:
 
British House of Commons - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (6934 words)
The House of Commons is a democratically elected body, consisting of 646 members, who are known as "Members of Parliament" or "MPs." Members are elected by the first past the post system of election for limited terms, holding office until Parliament is dissolved (a maximum of five years).
The rule that precludes certain Crown officers from serving in the House of Commons is used to circumvent a resolution adopted by the House of Commons in 1623, under which Members are not permitted to resign their seats.
The supremacy of the Commons in legislative matters is assured by the Parliament Acts, under which certain types of bills may be presented for the Royal Assent without the consent of the House of Lords.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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