The Independence and Democracy (IND/DEM) group, formed July 20, 2004 is a euro-sceptic political group with 36 MEPs in the European Parliament. Image File history File links IND-DEM_logo. ... July 20 is the 201st day (202nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 164 days remaining. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Euroscepticism is scepticism about, or disagreement with, the purposes of the European Union, sometimes coupled with a desire to preserve national sovereignty. ... Politics is the process and method of decision-making for groups of human beings. ... A Member of the European Parliament (English abbreviation MEP) is a member of the European Unions directly-elected legislative body, the European Parliament. ... The European Parliament is the parliamentary body of the European Union (EU), directly elected by EU citizens once every five years. ...
Forming of the group
After the elections in 2004, reports said that the MEPs of
will join the MEPs of the former Europe of Democracies and Diversities group and after having gathered 32 MEPs, the new group was registered with the Parliament. The June List (Junilistan) is a Swedish political party started to run in the European Parliament election in 2004. ... Pro-Life advocates make a silent complaint in front of the Supreme Court in Washington, D.C. Pro-life is a term used in English-speaking countries to refer to those who oppose abortion. ... League of Polish Families (Liga Polskich Rodzin, or LPR) is a conservative-nationalist opposition party within the Polish Parliament. ... Combats Souverainistes (French: Sovereignty Fight) was a French euro-sceptic political group. ... Europe of Democracies and Diversities was a euro-sceptic political group with seats in the European Parliament between 1999 and 2004. ...
Vladimir Zelezny is a successful businessman in the Czech Republic, the founder of TV NOVA and since 2004 he is also Member of the European Parliament. ... The June Movement (Danish: Juni Bevægelsen) is a Danish euro-sceptic political organisation that was founded in August 1992. ... The Movement for France (French: Mouvement pour la France), or MPF, is a small conservative nationalist and traditionalist party, founded on November 20, 1994. ... Party logo The Popular Orthodox Rally (LA.O.S. - ΛΑ.Ο.Σ) (Greek: Λαϊκός ΟÏθόδοξος ΣυναγεÏμός) is a Greek populist political party , founded and led by journalist Georgios Karatzaferis, formerly a well-known member of parliament for the New Democracy party. ... The Northern League (Italian: Lega Nord) is an Italian political party that advocates autonomy for a part of Northern Italy called Padania. It is a personality-driven party led by Umberto Bossi. ... Christian Union-Politically Reformed Party (Dutch: ChristenUnie - Dutch conservative christian parties who have seats in the European Parliament. ... League of Polish Families (Liga Polskich Rodzin, or LPR) is a conservative-nationalist opposition party within the Polish Parliament. ... Kathy Sinnott is a Irish disability rights campaigner and politician. ... The June List (Junilistan) is a Swedish political party started to run in the European Parliament election in 2004. ... The United Kingdom Independence Party (commonly known as UKIP, pronounced you-kip) is a Eurosceptic political party that aims at British withdrawal from the European Union. ...
Confederations of national political parties in Europe
European Christian Political Movement | European Democrat Union | Nordic Green Left Alliance The European Christian Political Movement (ECPM) is an European political association for reflection and working on Christian-democratic politics in Europe from an explicit Christian Social view. ... The European Democrat Union is the European wing of the International Democrat Union. ... The Nordic Green Left Alliance (NGLA) is a green and socialist political party at the European level founded in Reykjavík on February 1, 2004. ...
Independent of arguments for such rights and responsibilities, and analyses of the strengths and weaknesses of participatory democracy, one of the most well-developed efforts to promote citizen participation through advanced telecommunications is the Direct Democracy Campaign (DDC) in Great Britain.
Direct democracy was first experimented with in the ancient Athenian democracy of ancient Greece (beginning circa 508 BC (Finley, 1973)), which was governed for two centuries by a general assembly of all male citizens, by randomly selected officials, and ten annually elected representatives charged to command the army of the city (strategos).
Even in states where direct democracy components are scant or nonexistent at the state level, there often exists local options for deciding specific issues, such as whether a county should be "wet" or "dry" in terms of whether alcohol sales are allowed.
An independent judiciary requires both that individual judges are independent in the exercise of their powers, and that the judiciary as a whole is independent, its sphere of authority protected from the influence, overt or insidious, of other government actors.
Addressing first the independence of individual judges, two avenues for securing that independence reveal themselves: First, judges must be protected from the threat of reprisals, so that fear does not direct their decision-making.
Independence is the wellspring of the courage needed to serve this rule of law function.
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