NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Iranian languages

The Iranian languages are a branch of the Indo-European language family. With the Indo-Aryan languages they form the Indo-Iranian languages group. Avestan and Old Persian are the oldest recorded Iranian languages. This article does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Map of Central Asia showing three sets of possible boundaries for the region Central Asia located as a region of the world Central Asia is a vast landlocked region of Asia. ... Current distribution of Human Language Families A language family is a group of related languages said to have descended from a common proto-language. ... The Indo-European languages comprise a family of several hundred related languages and dialects [1], including most of the major languages of Europe, as well as many spoken in the Indian subcontinent (South Asia), the Iranian plateau (Southwest Asia), and Central Asia. ... The Indo-Iranian language group constitutes the easternmost extant branch of the Indo-European family of languages. ... Numerous languages are spoken in Iran, yet all of them originate from the same linguistic roots. ... Northeastern Iranian languages Southeastern Iranian languages See also: List of Iranian languages, Western Iranian languages. ... ISO 639-2 is the second part of the ISO 639 standard, which lists codes for the representation of the names of languages. ... Image File history File links Moderniranianlanguagesmap. ... Persian (Local names: ÙØ§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ FÃ¢rsi or Ù¾Ø§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ PÃ¢rsi)* is an Indo-European language spoken in Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan as well as by minorities in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, India, Pakistan, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Southern Russia, neighboring countries, and elsewhere. ... Pashto (â€Ž, IPA: also known as Pakhto, Pushto, Pukhto â€Ž, Pashtoe, Pashtu, Pushtu or Pushtoo) is an Iranian language spoken by Pashtuns living in Afghanistan and western Pakistan. ... Balochi (also Baluchi, Baloci or Baluci) is a Northwestern Iranian language. ... The Kurdish language is a language spoken in the region called Kurdistan, including Kurdish populations in parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey. ... The Indo-European languages comprise a family of several hundred related languages and dialects [1], including most of the major languages of Europe, as well as many spoken in the Indian subcontinent (South Asia), the Iranian plateau (Southwest Asia), and Central Asia. ... The Indo-Aryan languages form a subgroup of the Indo-Iranian languages, thus belonging to the Indo-European family of languages. ... The Indo-Iranian language group constitutes the easternmost extant branch of the Indo-European family of languages. ... Avestan is an Eastern Old Iranian language that was used to compose the sacred hymns and canon of the Zoroastrian Avesta. ... See Aryan Language or Old Persian For more information visit: *[Ancient Iranian Languages & Literature The Circle of Ancient Iranian Studies (CAIS) ...

Today, there are an estimated 150-200 million native speakers of Iranian languages.^[1] The 2005 SIL enumerates 87 varieties of Iranian languages, per number of native speakers, the greatest are Persian (ca. 70 million), Kurdish and Pashto (ca. 25 million each), and Balochi (ca. 7 million); to compare these numbers against those for other languages, see list of languages by number of native speakers. SIL International is a worldwide non-profit evangelical Christian organization whose main purpose is to study, develop and document lesser-known languages in order to expand linguistic knowledge, promote literacy and aid minority language development. ... Persian (Local names: ÙØ§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ FÃ¢rsi or Ù¾Ø§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ PÃ¢rsi)* is an Indo-European language spoken in Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan as well as by minorities in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, India, Pakistan, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Southern Russia, neighboring countries, and elsewhere. ... The Kurdish language is a language spoken in the region called Kurdistan, including Kurdish populations in parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey. ... Pashto (پښتو; also known as Afghan, Pushto, Pashto, Pashtoe, Pashtu, and Pukhto) is the language spoken by the ethnic Afghan otherwise known as the Pashtun people who inhabit Afghanistan and the Western provinces of Pakistan. ... Balochi (also Baluchi, Baloci or Baluci) is a Northwestern Iranian language. ... This is a list of languages placed in order by the number of native-language speakers, with some data for second-language use. ...

Name

The 'Iranian' languages branch is so named because its principal member languages, including Persian, have been spoken in the area of the Iranian plateau since ancient times, however, as a linguistic classification, 'Iranian' implies no relation with the country of Iran, for which see Languages of Iran. Persian (Local names: ÙØ§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ FÃ¢rsi or Ù¾Ø§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ PÃ¢rsi)* is an Indo-European language spoken in Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan as well as by minorities in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, India, Pakistan, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Southern Russia, neighboring countries, and elsewhere. ... Topographic map of the Iranian plateau connecting to Anatolia in the west and Hindu Kush and Himalaya in the east Iranian plateau is both a geographical area of South or West Asia, home of ancient civilizations[1], and a geological area of Eurasia north of the great folded mountain belts... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ...

Early Iranian languages

The Indo-Iranian languages probably originated in Central Asia. The Andronovo culture is the suggested candidate for the common Indo-Iranian culture ca. 2000 BC. Image File history File links Scythia-Parthia_100_BC.png historical spread of Iranian peoples/languages: Scythia, Sarmatia, Bactria and the Parthian Empire in ca. ... Image File history File links Scythia-Parthia_100_BC.png historical spread of Iranian peoples/languages: Scythia, Sarmatia, Bactria and the Parthian Empire in ca. ... Sarmatian horseman Sarmatians, Sarmatae or Sauromatae (the second form is mostly used by the earlier Greek writers, the other by the later Greeks and the Romans) were a people whom Herodotus (4. ... Approximate extent of Scythia and Sarmatia in the 1st century BC (the orange background shows the spread of Eastern Iranian languages, among them Scytho-Sarmatian). ... Bactria, about 320 BC Bactria (Bactriana, BÄkhtar in Persian, also Bhalika in Arabic and Indian languages, and Ta-Hia in Chinese) was the ancient Greek name of the country between the range of the Hindu Kush and the Amu Darya (Oxus); its capital, Bactra or Balhika or Bokhdi (now... Parthian Empire at its greatest extent, c60 BCE. The Parthian Empire was the dominating force on the Iranian plateau beginning in the late 3rd century BCE, and intermittently controlled Mesopotamia between ca 190 BCE and 224 CE. Parthia was the arch-enemy of the Roman Empire in the east and... Map of Central Asia showing three sets of possible boundaries for the region Central Asia located as a region of the world Central Asia is a vast landlocked region of Asia. ... Map of the approximate maximal extent of the Andronovo culture. ... (Redirected from 2000 BC) (21st century BC - 20th century BC - 19th century BC - other centuries) (3rd millennium BC - 2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC) Events 2064 - 1986 BC -- Twin Dynasty wars in Egypt 2000 BC -- Farmers and herders travel south from Ethiopia and settle in Kenya. ...

Together with the other Indo-Iranian languages, the Iranian languages are descended from a common ancestor, Proto-Indo-Iranian. This language split up into: Proto-Indo-Iranian, the Indo-European language spoken by the Indo-Iranians in the late 3rd millennium BC was a Satem language still not removed very far from the Proto-Indo-European language, and in turn only removed by a few centuries from the Vedic Sanskrit of the Rigveda. ...

Proto-Iranian thus dates to some time after Proto-Indo-Iranian breakup, or the early second millennium BC, as the Old Iranian languages began to break off and evolve separately as the various Iranian tribes migrated and settled in vast areas of southeastern Europe, the Iranian plateau, and Central Asia. The Indo-Aryan languages form a subgroup of the Indo-Iranian languages, thus belonging to the Indo-European family of languages. ... The Sanskrit language ( , for short ) is a classical language of India, a liturgical language of Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, and Jainism, and one of the 23 official languages of India. ... The 2nd millennium BC marks the transition from the Middle to the Late Bronze Age. ... The Dardic languages form a subfamily of the Indo-Iranian languages. ... Nuristani languages form a language sub-family of the Indo-Iranian languages localized between the Iranian languages and the Indo-Aryan languages Ashkun language Kamviri language Kati language (Bashgali) Prasuni language (Wasi-Weri) Tregami language Waigali language (Kalasha-Ala) Categories: Language stubs | Indo-Iranian languages ... Avestan is an Eastern Old Iranian language that was used to compose the sacred hymns and canon of the Zoroastrian Avesta. ... (Redirected from 1000 BC) Centuries: 12th century BC - 11th century BC - 10th century BC Decades: 1050s BC 1040s BC 1030s BC 1020s BC 1010s BC - 1000s BC - 990s BC 980s BC 970s BC 960s BC 950s BC Events and Trends 1006 BC - David becomes king of the ancient Israelites (traditional... Sketch of the first column of the Behistun Inscription Old Persian is the oldest attested Persid language. ... Centuries: 7th century BC - 6th century BC - 5th century BC Decades: 550s BC - 540s BC - 530s BC - 520s BC - 510s BC - 500s BC - 490s BC - 480s BC - 470s BC - 460s BC - 450s BC Events and Trends 509 BC - Foundation of the Roman Republic 508 BC - Office of pontifex maximus created... Topographic map of the Iranian plateau connecting to Anatolia in the west and Hindu Kush and Himalaya in the east Iranian plateau is both a geographical area of South or West Asia, home of ancient civilizations[1], and a geological area of Eurasia north of the great folded mountain belts...

Linguistically, the Old Iranian languages are divided into two major families and sub classes:

The eastern group includes the Sogdian, Khwarezmian, Saka, and Avestan, (also known as Old Bactrian). The northwestern branch includes the Median language. The southwestern group includes Persian. The Sogdian language is a Middle Iranian language spoken in Sogdiana (Zarafshan River Valley) in the modern day republics of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan (chief cities: Samarkand, Panjikent, Ferghana). ... Chorasmian, also known as Khwarezmian or Khwarazmian, is the name of an extinct northeastern Iranian language closely related to Sogdian. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Avestan is an Eastern Old Iranian language that was used to compose the sacred hymns and canon of the Zoroastrian Avesta. ... The Median language was a Western Iranian language, classified as North-Western with Parthian, Baluchi, Kurdish and others. ... Persian (Local names: ÙØ§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ FÃ¢rsi or Ù¾Ø§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ PÃ¢rsi)* is an Indo-European language spoken in Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan as well as by minorities in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, India, Pakistan, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Southern Russia, neighboring countries, and elsewhere. ...

Avestan is mainly attested through the Avesta, a collection of sacred texts connected to the Zoroastrian religion. Old Persian is attested through inscriptions in the Old Persian cuneiform script. See Avesta Municipality for the Swedish town Yasna 28. ... Zoroastrianism is the religion and philosophy based on the teachings ascribed to the prophet Zoroaster (Zarathustra, Zartosht). ... Old Persian cuneiform is the primary script used in Old Persian writings. ...

The Middle Iranian languages

What is known in Iranian linguistic history as the "Middle Iranian" era is thought to begin around the 4th century BCE lasting through the 9th century. Again, geographically, one can classify these into two main families, Western and Eastern. (5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - other centuries) (2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium AD) Events Invasion of the Celts into Ireland Kingdom of Macedon conquers Persian empire Romans build first aqueduct Chinese use bellows The Scythians are beginning to be absorbed into the Sarmatian... As a means of recording the passage of time the 9th century was that century that lasted from 801 to 900. ... Numerous languages are spoken in Iran, yet all of them originate from the same linguistic roots. ... Northeastern Iranian languages Southeastern Iranian languages See also: List of Iranian languages, Western Iranian languages. ...

The former family includes the languages of Parthian (Arsacid Pahlavi) and Middle Persian, while Bactrian, Sogdian, Khwarezmian, Saka, and Old Ossetic (Scytho-Sarmatian) fall under the latter category. The two languages of the western group were linguistically very close to each other, but quite distinct from their eastern counterparts. On the other hand, the Eastern group retained more proximity to Old Iranian. They were inscribed in various Aramaic alphabets, which had evolved from the Achaemenid Imperial Aramaic. The Iranian languages are a part of the Indo-European language family with estimated 150-200 million native speakers. ... The Arsacid Dynasty ruled Persia. ... Pahlavi is a term that refers: (1) to a script used in Iran derived from the Aramaic script, and (2) more broadly, to Middle Persian, the Middle Iranian language written in this script. ... Proto-Indo-European Indo-European studies The Bactrian language is an extinct language which was spoken in the Central Asian region of Bactria, also called Tocharistan, in northern Afghanistan. ... The Sogdian language is a Middle Iranian language spoken in Sogdiana (Zarafshan River Valley) in the modern day republics of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan (chief cities: Samarkand, Panjikent, Ferghana). ... Chorasmian, also known as Khwarezmian or Khwarazmian, is the name of an extinct northeastern Iranian language closely related to Sogdian. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Scythian and Sarmatian are the names of the East Iranian dialects spoken by the Scythian/Sarmatian tribes of the nomadic cattlebreeders in Southern Russia between 8th century BC and 5th century AD. Sometimes, the Scythian and Sarmatian languages are combined into one name: Scytho-Sarmatian languages. ... Achaemenid Empire The Achaemenid Dynasty was a dynasty in the ancient Persian Empire, including Cyrus II the Great, Darius I and Xerxes I. At the height of their power, the Achaemenid rulers of Persia ruled over territories roughly emcompassing some parts of todays Iraq, Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Israel, Lebanon...

Middle Persian (Pahlavi), was the official language of the Sassanids. It was in usage from the 3rd century until the top of the 10th century. Pahlavi was also the language of the Manichaeans, whose texts survive albeit in limited numbers. The Imperial Aramaic script used in this era experienced significant maturation. Sassanid Empire at its greatest extent The Sassanid dynasty (also Sassanian) was the name given to the kings of Persia during the era of the second Persian Empire, from 224 until 651, when the last Sassanid shah, Yazdegerd III, lost a 14-year struggle to drive out the Umayyad Caliphate... Manichaeism was one of the major ancient religions. ...

Iranian languages after the Arab conquest of Persia

Following the Islamic Conquest of Iran, there were important changes in the role of the different dialects of Persian within the Persian empire. The old prestige form of Middle Persian, also known as Pahlavi, was replaced by a new standard dialect called Dari as the official language of the court. The name Dari comes from the word darbar (دربار), which refers to the royal court, where many of the poets, protagonists, and patrons of the literature flourished (See Persian literature). The Saffarid dynasty in particular was the first in a line of many dynasties to officially adopt the new language in 875CE. Dari is believed to have been heavily influenced by regional dialects of eastern Iran, whereas the earlier Pahlavi standard was based more on western dialects. This new prestige dialect became the ancestor of modern Standard Persian. Medieval Iranian scholars such as Abdullah Ibn al-Muqaffa (8th century) and Ibn al-Nadim (10th century) associated the term "Dari" with the eastern province of Khorasan, while they used the term "Pahlavi" to describe the dialects of the northwestern areas between Isfahan and Azerbaijan (see Ancient Azari language), and "Parsi" ("Persian" proper) to describe the dialects of Fars. They also noted that the unofficial language of the royalty itself was yet another dialect, "Khuzi", associated with the western province of Khuzestan. Image File history File links Iranian_Language_Status. ... Image File history File links Iranian_Language_Status. ... The Islamic conquest of Iran (637-651 CE) destroyed the Sassanid Empire and led to the eventual decline of the Zoroastrian religion in Iran. ... Pahlavi is a term that refers: (1) to a script used in Iran derived from the Aramaic script, and (2) more broadly, to Middle Persian, the Middle Iranian language written in this script. ... The Pahlavi script was used broadly in the Sasanid Persian Empire to write down Middle Persian for secular, as well as religious purposes. ... Dari is a term used to denote one of several closely related Persian dialects spoken in what used to be Greater Khorasan: The official name for the Persian language in Afghanistan; see Dari (Afghanistan) One name used by Zoroastrians (the others being Gabri and Yazdi) to refer to the Northwestern... Persian literature (in Persian: â€Ž ) spans two and a half millennia, though much of the pre-Islamic material has been lost. ... The Saffarid dynasty of Persia ruled a short-lived empire centred on Seistan, a border district between modern-day Afghanistan and Iran, between 861-1003. ... The Pahlavi script was used broadly in the Sasanid Persian Empire to write down Middle Persian for secular, as well as religious purposes. ... Abdullah Ibn Dhadawayh, also known as Ibn al-Muqaffa (d. ... Ibn al-Nadim (Abu al-Faraj Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn Muhammad ibn Ishaq), (died September 17, 995 or 998) was an muslim scholar (of either Arab or Persian origin) and bibliographer and the author of the Kitab al-Fihrist. ... Khorasan (Persian: Ø®Ø±Ø§Ø³Ø§Ù†) (also transcribed as Khurasan and Khorassan; Horasan in Turkish) is a region located in eastern Iran. ... EsfahÄn province (Persian: Ø§Ø³ØªØ§Ù† Ø§ØµÙÙ‡Ø§Ù† (Ostan-e Esfahan); also transliterated as Isfahan, Esfahan, Espahan, Sepahan or Isphahan) is one of the 30 provinces of Iran. ... Azari, also spelled Adari, Adhari or (Ancient) Azeri, is the name used for the Iranian language which was spoken in Azerbaijan before it was replaced by the modern Azeri or Azerbaijani language, which is of Turkic language. ... Fars (Persian: ÙØ§Ø±Ø³) is one of the 30 provinces of Iran. ... Map showing Khuzestan in Iran Domes like this are quite common in Khuzestan province. ...

The Islamic conquest also brought with it the adoption of Arabic script for writing Persian. It was adapted to the writing of Persian by the addition of a few letters. This development probably occurred some time during the second half of the 8th century, when the old middle Persian script began dwindling in usage. The aforementioned script remains the in use in contemporary modern Persian. Tajik script was first Latinised in the 1920s under the then Soviet nationality policy. The script was however subsequently Cyrillicized in the 1930s under plans by USSR's government in Central Asia. Latin is not an Indo-European language originally spoken in the region around Rome called Latium. ... 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... The Cyrillic alphabet (or azbuka, from the old name of the first two letters) is an alphabet used for several East and South Slavic languages; (Belarusian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Russian, Rusyn, Serbian, and Ukrainian) and many other languages of the former Soviet Union, Asia and Eastern Europe. ... Map of Central Asia showing three sets of possible boundaries for the region Central Asia located as a region of the world Central Asia is a vast landlocked region of Asia. ...

The geographical area in which Iranian languages were spoken was pushed back in several areas by new neighbouring languages. Arabic spread into some parts of Western Iran (Khuzestan), and Turkic languages spread through much of Central Asia, displacing various Iranian languages such as Sogdian and Bactrian in parts of what is today Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. They also displaced the Persian language spoken in Azerbaijan. Map showing Khuzestan in Iran Domes like this are quite common in Khuzestan province. ... The Turkic languages constitute a language family of some thirty languages, spoken across a vast area from Eastern Europe to Siberia and Western China with an estimated 140 million native speakers and tens of millions of second-language speakers. ... The Sogdian language is a Middle Iranian language spoken in Sogdiana (Zarafshan River Valley) in the modern day republics of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan (chief cities: Samarkand, Panjikent, Ferghana). ... Proto-Indo-European Indo-European studies The Bactrian language is an extinct language which was spoken in the Central Asian region of Bactria, also called Tocharistan, in northern Afghanistan. ...

Classification of the Iranian languages

Iranian languages are divided into Eastern and Western subfamilies, totalling about 84 languages (SIL estimate). Of the most widely-spoken Iranian languages, Kurdish, Persian, and Balochi are all Western Iranian languages, while Pashto is an Eastern Iranian language. The Iranian languages include some 84 (SIL estimate) languages and dialects spoken by about many people in Asia; this language family is a part of the Indo-Iranian language family. ... The Eastern Iranian languages are a subgroup of the Iranian languages emerging in Middle Iranian times (from ca. ... task manager disable ---- please help ... The Kurdish language is a language spoken in the region called Kurdistan, including Kurdish populations in parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey. ... Persian (Local names: ÙØ§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ FÃ¢rsi or Ù¾Ø§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ PÃ¢rsi)* is an Indo-European language spoken in Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan as well as by minorities in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, India, Pakistan, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Southern Russia, neighboring countries, and elsewhere. ... Balochi (also Baluchi, Baloci or Baluci) is a Northwestern Iranian language. ... Pashto (پښتو; also known as Afghan, Pushto, Pashto, Pashtoe, Pashtu, and Pukhto) is the language spoken by the ethnic Afghan otherwise known as the Pashtun people who inhabit Afghanistan and the Western provinces of Pakistan. ...

Comparison table of the Iranian languages

The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Zazaki (Zazaish) is a language spoken by Zazas in eastern Anatolia (Turkey). ... The Kurdish language is a language spoken in the region called Kurdistan, including Kurdish populations in parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey. ... Pashto (â€Ž, IPA: also known as Pakhto, Pushto, Pukhto â€Ž, Pashtoe, Pashtu, Pushtu or Pushtoo) is an Iranian language spoken by Pashtuns living in Afghanistan and western Pakistan. ... Balochi (also Baluchi, Baloci or Baluci) is a Northwestern Iranian language. ... Mazandarani or Tabari (Also known as: Mazeniki, Taperki) is an Iranian language of the northwestern branch. ... Persian (Local names: ÙØ§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ FÃ¢rsi or Ù¾Ø§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ PÃ¢rsi)* is an Indo-European language spoken in Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan as well as by minorities in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, India, Pakistan, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Southern Russia, neighboring countries, and elsewhere. ... Middle Persian or Pahlavi is the Iranian language spoken during Sassanian times. ... The Iranian languages are a part of the Indo-European language family with estimated 150-200 million native speakers. ... Sketch of the first column of the Behistun Inscription Old Persian is the oldest attested Persid language. ... Avestan is an Eastern Old Iranian language that was used to compose the sacred hymns and canon of the Zoroastrian Avesta. ...

See also

The Iranian languages include some 84 (SIL estimate) languages and dialects spoken by about many people in Asia; this language family is a part of the Indo-Iranian language family. ... This article is about the group of peoples who speak Iranian languages. ... Iran is one of the worlds oldest continuous major civilizations. ... The Indo-Iranian language group constitutes the easternmost extant branch of the Indo-European family of languages. ...

Bibliography

v • d • e

Iranian-speaking nations and autonomous entities

Afghanistan • China (Taxkorgan)¹ • Georgia ( South Ossetia²) • Iran • Iraq ( Kurdistan) • Russia ( North Ossetia-Alania) • Pakistan (North-West Frontier Province and Balochistan)• Tajikistan • Uzbekistan (1.3 million^[2] to 11 million^[3] Tajiks) The Median language was a Western Iranian language, classified as North-Western with Parthian, Baluchi, Kurdish and others. ... See Aryan Language or Old Persian For more information visit: *[Ancient Iranian Languages & Literature The Circle of Ancient Iranian Studies (CAIS) ... Avestan is an Eastern Old Iranian language that was used to compose the sacred hymns and canon of the Zoroastrian Avesta. ... This does not cite its references or sources. ... The Scythian languages are the Northeastern Iranian dialects spoken by the Scythian (Sarmatian, Saka) tribes of the nomadic pastoralists in Scythia (Central Asia, Pontic-Caspian steppe) between the 8th century BC and the 5th century AD. Very little is known about them; they likely formed a dialect continuum, the western... The Sogdian language is a Middle Iranian language spoken in Sogdiana (Zarafshan River Valley) in the modern day republics of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan (chief cities: Samarkand, Panjikent, Ferghana). ... The Iranian languages are a part of the Indo-European language family with estimated 150-200 million native speakers. ... This does not cite its references or sources. ... Pahlavi is a term that refers: (1) to a script used in Iran derived from the Aramaic script, and (2) more broadly, to Middle Persian, the Middle Iranian language written in this script. ... Proto-Indo-European Indo-European studies The Bactrian language is an extinct language which was spoken in the Central Asian region of Bactria, also called Tocharistan, in northern Afghanistan. ... This does not cite its references or sources. ... Chorasmian, also known as Khwarezmian or Khwarazmian, is the name of an extinct northeastern Iranian language closely related to Sogdian. ... This does not cite its references or sources. ... The Entholinguistic patchwork of the modern Caucasus - CIA map Ossetic or Ossetian (Ossetic: or , Persian: Ø§ÙˆØ³ÙØªÛŒ) is an Iranian language spoken in Ossetia, a region on the slopes of the Caucasus mountains on the borders of Russia and Georgia. ... The Sacian language is usually considered an Eastern Iranian language, although this is still contested by some. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The Scythian languages are the Northeastern Iranian dialects spoken by the Scythian (Sarmatian, Saka) tribes of the nomadic pastoralists in Scythia (Central Asia, Pontic-Caspian steppe) between the 8th century BC and the 5th century AD. Very little is known about them; they likely formed a dialect continuum, the western... The Sogdian language is a Middle Iranian language spoken in Sogdiana (Zarafshan River Valley) in the modern day republics of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan (chief cities: Samarkand, Panjikent, Ferghana). ... The Ashtiani langauge is an Western Iranian language spoken in the Tafres area of Iran. ... Azari, also spelled Adari, Adhari or (Ancient) Azeri, is the name used for the Iranian language which was spoken in Azerbaijan before it was replaced by the modern Azeri or Azerbaijani language, which is of Turkic language. ... This does not cite its references or sources. ... Balochi, a north-western Iranian language, is the principal language of Balochistan. ... Bashkardi or Bashagerdi is a southwestern Iranian language spoken in the southeast of Iran in the provinces of Kerman, Sistan and Baluchestan, and Hormozgan. ... Dialects of Central Iran is a Northwestern Iranian language spoken in Central Iran. ... Dari (Persian: ) is the official name for the Persian language in Afghanistan, popularly and locally known as Farsi. ... The main Zoroastrian fire temple in Yazd, Iran. ... ... Gorani (also Gurani) is a dialect spoken by several hundreds of thousands of Kurds in the province of Kurdistan and province of Kermanshah in Iran, and in the Halabja region in Iraqi Kurdistan and the Hewraman mountains between Iran and Iraq. ... Harzani (correct form: harzandi) is a modern Northwestern Iranian language spoken in the north of the Iranian province of East Azarbaijan, around the village of Harzand. ... The JudÃ¦o-Persian languages include a number of related languages spoken throughout the formerly extensive realm of the Persian Empire, sometimes including all the Jewish Indo-Iranian languages: Dzhidi (JudÃ¦o-Persian) Bukhori (JudÃ¦o-Bukharic) JudÃ¦o-Golpaygani JudÃ¦o-Yazdi JudÃ¦o-Kermani JudÃ¦o-Shirazi Jud... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Laki is an Iranian language/dialect (of GurÃ¢ni) of the north-western branch spoken in the central Zagros region of Iran (Luristan province) by the Lak people. ... Luri is a dialect of Persian language. ... Luri is a southwestern Iranian language and is mainly spoken by the Lurs and Bakhtiari people in the Iranian provinces of Lorestan, Ilam, Chahar Mahaal and Bakhtiari, Kohkiluyeh and Buyer Ahmad and parts of Khuzestan and Hamadan. ... Mazandarani or Tabari (Also known as: Mazeniki, Taperki) is an Iranian language of the northwestern branch. ... Sengiseri is a language spoken in the Semnan province of Iran mainly in the Sangesar town (Persian: Mehdi Shehr), Its different from persian [] However it has similarity to Mazanderani (Taberi) language. ... Persian (Local names: ÙØ§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ FÃ¢rsi or Ù¾Ø§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ PÃ¢rsi)* is an Indo-European language spoken in Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan as well as by minorities in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, India, Pakistan, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Southern Russia, neighboring countries, and elsewhere. ... SoranÃ® (Ø³Û†Ø±Ø§Ù†ÛŒ) is a group of Central Kurdish dialects and as such is part of the Iranian languages. ... Tajik or Tadjik (Ñ‚Ð¾Ò·Ð¸ÐºÓ£, ØªØ§Ø¬ÛŒÚ©ÛŒ, tojikÃ) is a descendant of the Persian language spoken in Central Asia. ... Talysh (also Talishi, Taleshi or Talyshi) are an Iranian people who speak one of the Northwestern Iranian languages. ... The Tat language or Tati is a Western Iranian language spoken by the Tat ethnic group in The Republic of Azerbaijan and Russia. ... Tat language or Tati (Persian: â€Ž ) is a group of northwestern Iranian dialects which are closely related to Talysh language. ... Vafsi is an Iranian language spoken in the Vafs village and surrounding area in the Markazi province of Iran. ... Zazaki (Zazakî, Zazaish) or Dimli is a language closely related to the Persian and , spoken by the Zaza in eastern Anatolia Zazaland Zazaistan, (Turkey), an ethnic minority related to the Iranians. ... The Pamir languages are a subgroup of the Iranian languages, spoken in the Pamir Mountains, primarily along the Panj River and its tributaries in the southern Gorno-Badakhshan region of Tajikistan around the administrative center Khorog (), and the neighboring Badakhshan province and is in Pamir Area Afghanistan. ... The Munji language, also Munjani language, is a Pamir language spoken in Badakshan in Afghanistan. ... The Entholinguistic patchwork of the modern Caucasus - CIA map Ossetic or Ossetian (Ossetic: or , Persian: Ø§ÙˆØ³ÙØªÛŒ) is an Iranian language spoken in Ossetia, a region on the slopes of the Caucasus mountains on the borders of Russia and Georgia. ... Pashto (â€Ž, IPA: also known as Pakhto, Pushto, Pukhto â€Ž, Pashtoe, Pashtu, Pushtu or Pushtoo) is an Iranian language spoken by Pashtuns living in Afghanistan and western Pakistan. ... The Sarikoli language (also Sarikul, Sariqul, SarikÃ¶li) is a member of the Pamir subgroup of the Southeastern Iranian languages spoken by Tajik people in China. ... Shughni is one of the Pamir languages of the Southeastern Iranian language group. ... The Wakhi Tajiki language is an Iranian language in the subbranch of Southeastern Iranian languages (see Pamir languages). ... The Vanji language, also spelt Vanchi and VanÅ¾i, is one of the Pamir languages of the Southeastern Iranian language group. ... This does not cite its references or sources. ... The Waziri language is an east-iranian language spoken on the Waziristan Province of Pakistan and some of the neighboring provinces in Pakistan and Afghanstan. ... The Yaghnobi language [1] is a living Northeastern Iranian language (the only other living member being the Ossetic), and is spoken in high valley of the Yaghnob River in the Zarafshan area of Tajikistan by Yaghnobi people. ... The Yidgha language is a Pamir language spoken in the Upper Lutkuh Valley of Chitral, west of Garam Chishma in Pakistan. ... The Yazgulyam language (also Yazgulyami, Iazgulem, Yazgulam, natively yuzdami zevÃ©g, Tajik yazgulomi) is a member of the Pamir subgroup of the Iranian languages, spoken by ca. ... This does not cite its references or sources. ... The Indo-Iranian language group constitutes the easternmost extant branch of the Indo-European family of languages. ... The Indo-Aryan languages form a subgroup of the Indo-Iranian languages, thus belonging to the Indo-European family of languages. ... The Sanskrit language ( , for short ) is a classical language of India, a liturgical language of Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, and Jainism, and one of the 23 official languages of India. ... Vedic Sanskrit is the language of the Vedas, which are the earliest sacred texts of India,. The Vedas were first passed down orally and therefore have no known date. ... The Sanskrit language ( , for short ) is a classical language of India, a liturgical language of Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, and Jainism, and one of the 23 official languages of India. ... Prakrit (also spelt Pracrit) (Sanskrit: , original, natural, artless, normal, ordinary, usual, i. ... Pali may refer to: PÄli, a Middle Indo-Aryan language Pali, Rajasthan, a town and district in Rajasthan, western India Pali, a Hawaiian word, meaning cliffs Nuuanu Pali, a region on the Hawaiian island of Oahu Ballaleshwar Pali, the Ganapati temple of pali and place in Maharastra This is... Maharashtri is a language of medieval India, descended from Sanskrit, and spoken in what is now Maharashtra and other parts of India. ... The Magadhi language (also known as à¤®à¤—à¤¹à¥€ Magahi) is a language spoken by 11,362,000 people in India. ... Kingdom of Mitanni Mitanni (cuneiform KUR URUMi-it-ta-ni, also Mittani Mi-ta-an-ni, in Assyrian sources Hanigalbat, Khanigalbat cuneiform á¸ªa-ni-gal-bat ) was a Hurrian kingdom in northern Mesopotamia from ca. ... Bengali or Bangla (à¦¬à¦¾à¦‚à¦²à¦¾, IPA: ) is an Indo-Aryan language of the eastern Indian subcontinent, evolved from Prakrit, PÄli and Sanskrit. ... The dialects of the Bengali language are part of the Eastern Indo-Aryan language group of the Indo-European language family. ... Chittagonian is an Indo-European language spoken by the people of Chittagong in Bangladesh and the much of the southeast of the country. ... Sylheti (native name à¦¸à¦¿à¦²à¦Ÿà§€ SilÃ´Å£i; Bengali name à¦¸à¦¿à¦²à§‡à¦Ÿà§€ SileÅ£i) is the language of Sylhet proper, the north-eastern region of Bangladesh and southern districts of Assam around Silchar. ... HindustÄnÄ« (/ /; à¤¹à¤¿à¤¨à¥à¤¦à¥à¤¸à¥à¤¤à¤¾à¤¨à¥€, ÛÙ†Ø¯ÙˆØ³ØªØ§Ù†ÛŒ), also known as HindÄ«-UrdÅ«, is a term used by linguists to describe several closely related idioms in the northern, central and northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent and the vernacular blend between its two standardized registers in the form of the official languages of HindÄ« and Urd... In linguistics, a register is a subset of a language used for a particular purpose or in a particular social setting. ... Hindi ( , Devanagari: or , IAST: , IPA: ), an Indo-European language spoken mainly in northern and central India, is the official language of the Union alongwith English. ... (, historically spelled Ordu), is an Middle Eastern-Aryan language. ... Angika is a language of the Ang or Anga region of India, a 58,000 kmÂ² area of Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal states. ... Assamese ( ) (IPA: ) is a language spoken in the state of Assam in northeast India. ... Bhojpuri is a popular regional language spoken in northeastern India in the western part of state of Bihar, the northwestern part of Jharkhand, and the Purvanchal region of Uttar Pradesh, as well as an adjoining area of southern plains of Nepal. ... The Bishnupriya Manipuri language (BPM) (à¦‡à¦®à¦¾à¦° à¦ à¦¾à¦°/à¦¬à¦¿à¦·à§à¦£à§à¦ªà§à¦°à¦¿à¦¯à¦¼à¦¾ à¦®à¦£à¦¿à¦ªà§à¦°à§€) is an Indo-Aryan language. ... Dhivehi is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by about 300,000 people in the Republic of Maldives where it is the official language of the country and in the island of Minicoy (Maliku) in neighbouring India where it is known as Mahl. ... Areas in India and Pakistan where Dogri and related dialects are spoken Dogri (à¤¡à¥‹à¤—à¤°à¥€ or ÚˆÙˆÚ¯Ø±Ù‰) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by about two million people in India and Pakistan, chiefly in the Jammu region of Jammu and Kashmir, but also in northern Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, other parts of Kashmir, and... is an Indo-Aryan language, part of the greater Indo-European language family. ... Konkani language test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator Konkani (DevanÄgarÄ«: à¤•à¥‹à¤‚à¤•à¤£à¥€, Kannada: à²•à³Šà²‚à²•à²£à²¿, Malayalam: à´•àµŠà´‚à´•à´£àµ€, Roman: Konknni, IAST: ) is a language of India, and belongs to the Indo-European family of languages. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Maithili (à¤®à¥ˆà¤¥à¤¿à¤²à¥€ MaithilÄ«) is a language of the family of Indo-Aryan languages, which are part of the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European languages. ... Marathi (à¤®à¤°à¤¾à¤ à¥€ ) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Marathi people of western India (Maharashtrians). ... Nepali (Khaskura) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in Nepal, Bhutan, and some parts of India and Myanmar (Burma). ... This article is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... â€œPunjabiâ€ redirects here. ... Romani (or Romany) is the language of the Roma and Sinti, peoples often referred to in English as Gypsies. The Indo-Aryan Romani language should not be confused with either Romanian (spoken by Romanians), or Romansh (spoken in parts of southeastern Switzerland), both of which are Romance languages. ... SindhÄ« (Ø³Ù†ÚŒÙŠ, à¤¸à¤¿à¤¨à¥à¤§à¥€) is the language of the Sindh region of South Asia, which is now a province of Pakistan. ... Sinhalese or Sinhala (à·ƒà·’à¶‚à·„à¶½, ISO 15919: , IPA: [], earlier referred to as Singhalese) is the mother tongue of the Sinhalese, the largest ethnic group of Sri Lanka. ... Avestan is an Eastern Old Iranian language that was used to compose the sacred hymns and canon of the Zoroastrian Avesta. ... Proto-Indo-European Indo-European studies The Bactrian language is an extinct language which was spoken in the Central Asian region of Bactria, also called Tocharistan, in northern Afghanistan. ... The Pamir languages are a subgroup of the Iranian languages, spoken in the Pamir Mountains, primarily along the Panj River and its tributaries in the southern Gorno-Badakhshan region of Tajikistan around the administrative center Khorog ( ), and the neighboring Badakhshan province and is in Pamir Area Afghanistan. ... Shughni is one of the Pamir languages of the Southeastern Iranian language group. ... The Sarikoli language (also Sarikul, Sariqul, SarikÃ¶li) is a member of the Pamir subgroup of the Southeastern Iranian languages spoken by Tajik people in China. ... The Wakhi Tajiki language is an Iranian language in the subbranch of Southeastern Iranian languages (see Pamir languages). ... Pashto (â€Ž, IPA: also known as Pakhto, Pushto, Pukhto â€Ž, Pashtoe, Pashtu, Pushtu or Pushtoo) is an Iranian language spoken by Pashtuns living in Afghanistan and western Pakistan. ... The Scythian languages are the Northeastern Iranian dialects spoken by the Scythian (Sarmatian, Saka) tribes of the nomadic pastoralists in Scythia (Central Asia, Pontic-Caspian steppe) between the 8th century BC and the 5th century AD. Very little is known about them; they likely formed a dialect continuum, the western... The Entholinguistic patchwork of the modern Caucasus - CIA map Ossetic or Ossetian (Ossetic: or , Persian: Ø§ÙˆØ³ÙØªÛŒ) is an Iranian language spoken in Ossetia, a region on the slopes of the Caucasus mountains on the borders of Russia and Georgia. ... The Sogdian language is a Middle Iranian language spoken in Sogdiana (Zarafshan River Valley) in the modern day republics of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan (chief cities: Samarkand, Panjikent, Ferghana). ... The Yaghnobi language [1] is a living Northeastern Iranian language (the only other living member being the Ossetic), and is spoken in high valley of the Yaghnob River in the Zarafshan area of Tajikistan by Yaghnobi people. ... The relevance of particular information in (or previously in) this article or section is disputed. ... Sketch of the first column of the Behistun Inscription Old Persian is the oldest attested Persid language. ... Pahlavi is a term that refers: (1) to a script used in Iran derived from the Aramaic script, and (2) more broadly, to Middle Persian, the Middle Iranian language written in this script. ... Persian (Local names: ÙØ§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ FÃ¢rsi or Ù¾Ø§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ PÃ¢rsi)* is an Indo-European language spoken in Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan as well as by minorities in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, India, Pakistan, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Southern Russia, neighboring countries, and elsewhere. ... Persian (Local names: ÙØ§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ FÃ¢rsi or Ù¾Ø§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ PÃ¢rsi)* is an Indo-European language spoken in Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan as well as by minorities in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, India, Pakistan, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Southern Russia, neighboring countries, and elsewhere. ... Dari (Persian: ) is the official name for the Persian language in Afghanistan, popularly and locally known as Farsi. ... Tajik or Tadjik (Ñ‚Ð¾Ò·Ð¸ÐºÓ£, ØªØ§Ø¬ÛŒÚ©ÛŒ, tojikÃ) is a descendant of the Persian language spoken in Central Asia. ... Bukhori, also known as Bukharic or Bukharan, is an Indo-Iranian language. ... Balochi (also Baluchi, Baloci or Baluci) is a Northwestern Iranian language. ... The main Zoroastrian fire temple in Yazd, Iran. ... Gileki or Giliki (Gilaki in Persian) is a northwestern Iranian language and is spoken in Irans Gilan province. ... The Kurdish language is a language spoken in the region called Kurdistan, including Kurdish populations in parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey. ... Luri is a dialect of Persian language. ... Mazandarani or Tabari (Also known as: Mazeniki, Taperki) is an Iranian language of the northwestern branch. ... Talysh (also Talishi, Taleshi or Talyshi) are an Iranian people who speak one of the Northwestern Iranian languages. ... The Tat language or Tati is a Western Iranian language spoken by the Tat ethnic group in The Republic of Azerbaijan and Russia. ... Tat language or Tati (Persian: ) is a group of northwestern Iranian dialects which are closely related to Talysh language. ... Zazaki (Zazakî, Zazaish) or Dimli is a language closely related to the Persian and , spoken by the Zaza in eastern Anatolia Zazaland Zazaistan, (Turkey), an ethnic minority related to the Iranians. ... The Dardic languages form a subfamily of the Indo-Iranian languages. ... Dameli is a language spoken by less than 5,000 people in the remote valley of Damil-Nisar, in the Chitral District of the Northwest Frontier Province of Pakistan. ... Domaaki - also known as Dumaki or Doma - is a language spoken in parts of northern Pakistan. ... Gawar-Bati is known in Chitral as Aranduyiwar, because it is spoken in Village Arandu, which is the last village in the bottom of Chitral and is across the Kunar River from Berkot in Afghanistan. ... The Kalasha language is classified as a Dardic language in the Chitral Group. ... Kashmiri (à¤•à¥‰à¤¶à¥à¤°, Ú©Ù²Ø´ÙØ±) is a northern Indo-Aryan language spoken primarily in the valley of Kashmir, a region situated mostly in the Indian Jammu and Kashmir state. ... Khowar is classified as a Dardic Language. ... Kohistani is a Dardic language spoken in Kohistan District (Pakistan). ... Nangalami is a Dardic language and is a branch of the Indo-Iranian language group, which in turn is branch of the Indo-European language. ... Pashayi - also known as Pashai - is a language (or a group of languages) spoken in parts of southwestern Afghanistan. ... Palula, also known as Phalura and as Ashretiwar, is spoken by 7,000 to 15,000 people in Ashret and Biori Valleys, in the Chitral District of the Northwest Frontier Province of Pakistan. ... Tshina is a Dardic Language and is spoken by majority of people in Northern Areas of Pakistan. ... Shumashti - also known as Shumasht - is a language spoken in parts of western Afghanistan. ... Nuristani languages form a language sub-family of the Indo-Iranian languages localized between the Iranian languages and the Indo-Aryan languages Ashkun language Kamviri language Kati language (Bashgali) Prasuni language (Wasi-Weri) Tregami language Waigali language (Kalasha-Ala) Categories: Language stubs | Indo-Iranian languages ... Askunu is a language of Afghanistan spoken by the Askunu people in the region of Pech Valley around Wama, northwest of Asadabad in Kunar province. ... Kamkata-viri contains the two main dialects Kata-vari and Kamviri. ... Tregami or Trigami is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in the villages of Gambir and Katar in the Nurestan Province of Afghanistan. ... Vasi-vari is a language spoken by the Vasi in a few villages in the Prasun Valley in Afghanistan. ... Waigali or Waigeli is a language spoken in a few villages in the central part of the Kunar Province of Afghanistan. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Overview of the Karakoram Highway Tashkurgan is the name of a town and the surrounding district in western Xinjiang, China // Tashkurgan is a Uighur name that means Stone Fortress or Stone Tower. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_South_Ossetia. ... Anthem unknown Capital Tskhinvali Official languages Ossetian1 Government - President Eduard Kokoity - Prime Minister Yury Morozov De facto independence from Georgia - Declared November 28, 1991 - Recognition none Currency Russian ruble (RUB) Russian in widespread use by government and other institutions. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iran. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Kurdistan. ... The Kurdistan Region (Kurdish: ØÙƒÙˆÙ…Ù‡ ØªÙ‰ Ù‡Ù‡ Ø±ÙŠÙ…Ù‰ ÙƒÙˆØ±Ø¯Ø³ØªØ§Ù†, HikÃ»metÃ® HerÃªmÃ® Kurdistan, Arabic: Ø§Ù‚Ù„ÛŒÙ… Ú©Ø±Ø¯Ø³ØªØ§Ù†) is an autonomous, federally recognized political entity located in northern Iraq. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_North_Ossetia. ... Capital Vladikavkaz Area - total - % water Ranked 84th - 8,000 kmÂ² - negligible Population - Total - Density Ranked 68th - est. ... The North-West Frontier Province (NWFP) (Urdu: Ø´Ù…Ø§Ù„ Ù…ØºØ±Ø¨ÛŒ Ø³Ø±ØØ¯ÛŒ ØµÙˆØ¨Û) is the smallest in size of the four provinces of Pakistan and is home to the Pashtuns (Pakhtoons). ... Balochistan or Baluchistan may refer to: Balochistan (region) is the name of a large region covering southwest Pakistan and southeast Iran Balochistan (Iran) is part of the Iranian Sistan and Baluchistan Province Balochistan (Pakistan) is the name of a province of Pakistan. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Tajikistan. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Uzbekistan. ...

(1) Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County, officially recognised minority in the People's Republic of China.
(2) South Ossetia is a self-proclaimed republic within the internationally recognized borders of Georgia. It is presently not recognized by any country. Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County (Uyghur Yengi Yezik: Taxkuran; Chinese: , Pinyin: TÇŽshÃ¬kÃ¹Ä›rgÃ n TÇŽjÃkÃ¨ zÃ¬zhÃ¬xiÃ n; Sariquli Tajik in IPA: tqyrn tuik ftunum ja; sometimes spelled Tashkorgan, Tashkurghan etc. ...

v • d • e

Countries with Iranian-speaking populations

Greater Iran (in Persian: Ø§ÛŒØ±Ø§Ù† Ø¨Ø²Ø±Ú¯ pron: Iran-e Bozorg, also Ø§ÛŒØ±Ø§Ù†â€ŒØ²Ù…ÛŒÙ† pron: Iran-zameen) is a term for the Iranian plateau in addition to the entire region where Iranian languages are today spoken as a first language, or as a second language by a significant minority. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Armenia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Azerbaijan. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Bahrain. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_China. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Georgia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Hungary. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iran. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iraq. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Kazakhstan. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Kuwait. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Oman. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Qatar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Russia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Syria. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Tajikistan. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Turkey. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Uzbekistan. ...

Iranian languages: Balochi • Kurdish • Ossetic • Pashto • Persian • Talysh • Tat • Zazaki Balochi (also Baluchi, Baloci or Baluci) is a Northwestern Iranian language. ... The Kurdish language is a language spoken in the region called Kurdistan, including Kurdish populations in parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey. ... The Entholinguistic patchwork of the modern Caucasus - CIA map Ossetic or Ossetian (Ossetic: or , Persian: Ø§ÙˆØ³ÙØªÛŒ) is an Iranian language spoken in Ossetia, a region on the slopes of the Caucasus mountains on the borders of Russia and Georgia. ... Pashto (â€Ž, IPA: also known as Pakhto, Pushto, Pukhto â€Ž, Pashtoe, Pashtu, Pushtu or Pushtoo) is an Iranian language spoken by Pashtuns living in Afghanistan and western Pakistan. ... Persian (Local names: ÙØ§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ FÃ¢rsi or Ù¾Ø§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ PÃ¢rsi)* is an Indo-European language spoken in Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan as well as by minorities in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, India, Pakistan, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Southern Russia, neighboring countries, and elsewhere. ... Talysh (also Talishi, Taleshi or Talyshi) are an Iranian people who speak one of the Northwestern Iranian languages. ... The Tat language is an Indo-Iranian language spoken by the Tat ethnic group. ... Zazaki (Zazaish) is a language spoken by Zazas in eastern Anatolia (Turkey). ...

The geographical spread of Balochi: Afghanistan • Iran • Pakistan

The geographical spread of Kurdish: Armenia • Azerbaijan • Australia • Germany • Iran • Iraq (Iraqi Kurdistan) • Israel • Syria • Sweden • Turkmenistan • Turkey • USA Motto: None Anthem: Ey ReqÃ®b (English: Hey Guardian) Capital Arbil Largest city Erbil Official languages Kurdish, Arabic, (Assyrian (Syriac)) and (Iraqi Turkmen) [1] Government Parliamentary Democracy - President Masoud Barzani - Prime Minister Nechervan Idris Barzani - Deputy Prime Minister Omer Fattah Hussain Formation of Autonomous Region - Autonomy Accord Agreement is Signed...

The geographical spread of Ossetic: Hungary (Jassic people) • Iryston (Thagat Irystony Alaniey Respublika) (Respublika Xussar Iryston) • Turkey The main church in the center of JÃ¡szberÃ©ny JÃ¡sz-Nagykun-Szolnok county within Hungary The Jassic people or JÃ¡sz people are an ethnic group of Hungarians that mostly live in JÃ¡sz-Nagykun-Szolnok county of Hungary. ... Map of Ossetia Ossetia is a region in the northern Caucasus Mountains, inhabited by the Ossetians, an Iranian people who speak the Ossetic language, (an Iranian Language). ... Capital Vladikavkaz Area - total - % water Ranked 84th - 8,000 kmÂ² - negligible Population - Total - Density Ranked 68th - est. ... Anthem unknown Capital Tskhinvali Official languages Ossetian1 Government - President Eduard Kokoity - Prime Minister Yury Morozov De facto independence from Georgia - Declared November 28, 1991 - Recognition none Currency Russian ruble (RUB) Russian in widespread use by government and other institutions. ...

The geographical spread of Pashto: Afghanistan • Iran • Pakistan

The geographical spread of Persian: Afghanistan • Australia • Canada • Iran • New Zealand • Sweden • Tajikistan • USA

The geographical spread of Talysh: Azerbaijan • Iran

The geographical spread of Tat: Azerbaijan • Iran • Israel • Dagestan The Republic of Dagestan IPA: (Russian: ; Avar: , DaÉ£istanÅ‚ul DÅ¾umÄ§uriyat), older spelling Daghestan, is a federal subject of the Russian Federation (a republic). ...

The geographical spread of Zazaki: Georgia • Germany • Kazakhstan • Sweden • Turkey •

MORE INFORMATION: [1]

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