Iron Man
Cover of Iron Man Vol. 4, Issue #6. Art by Adi Granov.
Publication information
Publisher	Marvel Comics
First appearance	Tales of Suspense #39 (March 1963)
Created by	Stan Lee Larry Lieber Don Heck Jack Kirby
In story information
Alter ego	Anthony Edward "Tony" Stark
Team affiliations	Stark Industries Avengers Mighty Avengers New Avengers West Coast Avengers Illuminati S.H.I.E.L.D. Department of Defense
Notable aliases	Iron Knight, The Golden Avenger, Shellhead
Abilities	Genius-level intellect Extensive monetary resources Cyberpathic link with powerful armored suit Iron Man may refer to: // Iron Man, a popular comic book character created by Stan Lee, Larry Lieber, Don Heck and Jack Kirby for Marvel Comics. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (600x900, 156 KB) Cover art for Iron Man vol. ... Comic book artist Adi Granov Adi Granov is a Bosnian (not Israeli as believed by some)-born comic book artist and conceptual designer. ... This article is about the comic book company. ... In comic books, first appearance refers to first comic book to feature a character. ... - ==References== - *Tales of Suspense #1-99 (Marvel Comics, January 1959 - March 1968) - *Marvel Select: Tales of Suspense #1 (1996) - - - - - - - - - Categories: | | ... For the fictional character of this name, see Stan Lee (Judge Dredd character). ... Larry Lieber (born October 26, 1931) is a comic book artist and writer and is the younger brother of Marvel Comics writer/editor Stan Lee. ... Don Heck (January 2, 1929-1995) was a comic book artist best known for co-creating the character Iron Man, and for his long run penciling The Avengers in the 1960s. ... Jack Kirby (born Jacob Kurtzberg, August 28, 1917 – February 6, 1994) was one of the most influential, recognizable, and prolific artists in American comic books, and the co-creator of such enduring characters and popular culture icons as the Fantastic Four, the X-Men, the Hulk, Captain America, and hundreds... Stark Industries- the home base for Tony Starks operations. ... The Avengers is a superhero team that appear in the fictional Marvel Universe. ... Mighty Avengers is a monthly comic book currently published by Marvel Comics, starring the superhero team The Avengers. ... For the unrelated TV show, see The New Avengers. ... The West Coast Avengers was a spin-off superhero team of the Avengers, as well as the title of their comic book series. ... The Illuminati are a fictional group of superheroes who joined forces and secretly work behind the scenes in the Marvel Universe. ... S.H.I.E.L.D. is a fictional, comic-book counterterrorism and intelligence agency in the Marvel Comics universe. ... The United States Department of Defense (DOD or DoD) is the federal department charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government relating directly to national security and the military. ... A genius is a person of great intelligence. ... Comic book fiction traditionally features characters with superhuman, supernatural, or paranormal abilities, often referred to as superpowers (also spelled super-powers). ... U.S. Army conceptual mock-up of an exoskeleton-equipped soldier. ... When using armored suit: Super-strength Energy blasts and regenerative life support Missile attacks, durability and flight at mach 2

Iron Man is a fictional character that appears in comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character first appeared in Tales of Suspense #39 (March 1963), and was created by writer-editor Stan Lee, scripter Larry Lieber, and artists Don Heck and Jack Kirby. Anthony "Tony" Edward Stark, after suffering a severe heart injury and being kidnapped, was forced to build a devastating weapon. He instead created a suit of power armor to save his life and help protect the world as the superhero Iron Man. He is a wealthy industrialist and genius inventor (MIT alum) who created military weapons and whose metal suit is laden with technological devices that enable him to fight crime. For other uses of life support, see Life support (disambiguation) Life support, in the medical field, refers to a set of therapies for preserving a patients life when essential body systems are not functioning sufficiently to sustain life unaided. ... Durability is the quality of something to resist the negative effects of opposing forces. ... A fictional character is any person, persona, identity, or entity that is created from ones imagination or from an adaption of an existing entity. ... A comic book is a magazine or book containing the art form of comics. ... This article is about the comic book company. ... In comic books, first appearance refers to first comic book to feature a character. ... - ==References== - *Tales of Suspense #1-99 (Marvel Comics, January 1959 - March 1968) - *Marvel Select: Tales of Suspense #1 (1996) - - - - - - - - - Categories: | | ... For the fictional character of this name, see Stan Lee (Judge Dredd character). ... Larry Lieber (born October 26, 1931) is a comic book artist and writer and is the younger brother of Marvel Comics writer/editor Stan Lee. ... Don Heck (January 2, 1929-1995) was a comic book artist best known for co-creating the character Iron Man, and for his long run penciling The Avengers in the 1960s. ... Jack Kirby (born Jacob Kurtzberg, August 28, 1917 – February 6, 1994) was one of the most influential, recognizable, and prolific artists in American comic books, and the co-creator of such enduring characters and popular culture icons as the Fantastic Four, the X-Men, the Hulk, Captain America, and hundreds... The heart and lungs, from an older edition of Grays Anatomy. ... Powered armor (also mechanized, battle, personal armor and suits) is a science fiction concept referring to a type of armored self-powered exoskeleton that is typically intended for use in battle, construction and survival in dangerous enviroments. ... For other uses, see Superhero (disambiguation). ... Mapúa Institute of Technology (MIT, MapúaTech or simply Mapúa) is a private, non-sectarian, Filipino tertiary institute located in Intramuros, Manila. ...

In the character's original incarnation, Iron Man was a vehicle for Stan Lee to explore Cold War themes, particularly the role of American technology and business in the fight against communism. Subsequent re-imaginings of Iron Man have gradually removed the Cold War themes, replacing them with more contemporary concerns such as corporate crime and terrorism. For other uses, see Cold War (disambiguation). ... This article is about the form of society and political movement. ...

Throughout most of his comics career, Iron Man has been a member of the superhero team the Avengers and has been featured in several incarnations of his own various comic book series. The character has been adapted for several animated TV shows, as well as for the 2008 live action film Iron Man starring Robert Downey Jr. as Tony Stark. The Avengers is a superhero team that appear in the fictional Marvel Universe. ... Iron Man is a 2008 superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name. ... Robert John Downey, Jr. ...

Premiere

Tales of Suspense #39 (March 1963): Iron Man debuts. Cover art by Jack Kirby and Don Heck.

Iron Man's premiere was a collaboration among editor and story-plotter Stan Lee, scripter Larry Lieber, story-artist Don Heck, and Jack Kirby. In 1963, Lee had been toying with the idea of a businessman superhero.^[1] He set out to make the new character a rich, glamorous ladies' man, but one with a secret that would plague and torment him as well.^[2] Lee based this playboy's personality on Howard Hughes,^[3] explaining, "Howard Hughes was one of the most colorful men of our time. He was an inventor, an adventurer, a multi-billionaire, a ladies' man and finally a nutcase".^[4] While Lee intended to write the story himself, he eventually handed the premier issue over to Lieber, who fleshed out the story.^[2] The art, meanwhile, was split between Kirby and Heck. "He designed the costume", Heck said of Kirby, "because he was doing the cover. The covers were always done first. But I created the look of the characters, like Tony Stark and his secretary Pepper Potts".^{[3] [5]} Download high resolution version (485x738, 147 KB)Cover to Tales of Suspense #39, featuring Iron Man. ... Download high resolution version (485x738, 147 KB)Cover to Tales of Suspense #39, featuring Iron Man. ... Jack Kirby (born Jacob Kurtzberg, August 28, 1917 – February 6, 1994) was one of the most influential, recognizable, and prolific artists in American comic books, and the co-creator of such enduring characters and popular culture icons as the Fantastic Four, the X-Men, the Hulk, Captain America, and hundreds... Don Heck (January 2, 1929-1995) was a comic book artist best known for co-creating the character Iron Man, and for his long run penciling The Avengers in the 1960s. ... For the fictional character of this name, see Stan Lee (Judge Dredd character). ... Larry Lieber (born October 26, 1931) is a comic book artist and writer and is the younger brother of Marvel Comics writer/editor Stan Lee. ... Don Heck (January 2, 1929-1995) was a comic book artist best known for co-creating the character Iron Man, and for his long run penciling The Avengers in the 1960s. ... Jack Kirby (born Jacob Kurtzberg, August 28, 1917 – February 6, 1994) was one of the most influential, recognizable, and prolific artists in American comic books, and the co-creator of such enduring characters and popular culture icons as the Fantastic Four, the X-Men, the Hulk, Captain America, and hundreds... For the Welsh murderer, see Howard Hughes (murderer). ... Virginia Pepper Potts is a fictional supporting character in the Marvel Comics universe, debuting in 1960s comic books as executive secretary to Tony Stark, a. ...

Iron Man first appeared in 13- to 18-page stories in Tales of Suspense, which featured anthology science fiction and supernatural stories. The character's original costume was a bulky grey armor, which later turned golden in his second story (issue #40, April 1963), and then redesigned again as a sleeker red-and-golden armor starting in issue #48 (Dec. 1963), drawn by Steve Ditko. In his premiere, Iron Man was an anti-communist hero, defeating various Vietnamese agents; Lee later regretted this early focus.^[1][6] Throughout the character’s comic book series, technological advancement and national defense were constant themes for Iron Man, but later issues developed Stark into a more complex and vulnerable character as they depicted his battle with alcoholism and other personal difficulties. ANThology is the first major label album by Alien Ant Farm released on March 6, 2001 in the USA and March 19, 2001 in the UK. // Their first single, Smooth Criminal, was a cover of Michael Jacksons song Smooth Criminal, which started to bring popularity to the band. ... Science fiction is a form of speculative fiction principally dealing with the impact of imagined science and technology, or both, upon society and persons as individuals. ... For other uses, see Supernatural (disambiguation). ... Stephen Ditko (born 2 November 1927) is a renowned American comic book artist and writer best known as the co-creator of Spider-Man and Doctor Strange. ... Ideologies Communist internationals Prominent communists Related subjects Anti-communism refers to opposition to communism. ... A comic book is a magazine or book containing the art form of comics. ... Security measures taken to protect the Houses of Parliament in London, England. ... Alcoholism is the consumption of, or preoccupation with, alcoholic beverages to the extent that this behavior interferes with the drinkers normal personal, family, social, or work life, and may lead to physical or mental harm. ...

From issue #59 (Nov. 1964) to its final issue #99 (March 1968), the anthological science-fiction backup stories in Tales of Suspense were replaced by a feature starring the superhero Captain America. After issue #99 (March 1968), the book's title was changed to Captain America. Iron Man stories moved to the title Iron Man and Sub-Mariner in April 1968, before the "Golden Avenger"^[7] made his solo debut with The Invincible Iron Man #1 (May 1968). For the song from The Rocky Horror Show, see Science Fiction/Double Feature. ... This article is about the original comic book character named Captain America. ... Iron Man and Sub-Mariner #1 (April 1968), cover art by Gene Colan (pencils) & Bill Everett (inks) Iron Man and Sub-Mariner is a one-shot comic book published by Marvel Comics in 1968. ...

Writers have updated the war in which Stark is injured. In the original 1963 story, it was Vietnam. Later, in the 1990s, it was updated to be the first Gulf War,^[8] and then updated again to be Afghanistan. However, his time with the Asian scientist Yin Sen is consistent through nearly all incarnations of the Iron Man origin, depicting Stark and Yin Sen building the original armor together. One exception is the direct-to-DVD animated feature film The Invincible Iron Man, in which the first armor Stark uses is not the first Iron Man suit. For other uses, see Iraq war (disambiguation). ... A film that is released direct-to-video (also straight-to-video) is one which has been released to the public on home video formats first rather than first being released in movie theaters. ... It has been suggested that Iron Maniac be merged into this article or section. ...

Thematic origins

Like other Stan Lee creations in the early years of Marvel Comics, such as The Fantastic Four and The Incredible Hulk, the Iron Man story, in its original manifestations, was an exploration of Cold War themes. Where The Fantastic Four and The Incredible Hulk focused on the American domestic and government/bureaucratic responses to Cold War pressures, respectively, Iron Man looked to industry's role in the struggle against communism. Tony Stark's real-life model Howard Hughes was an archetype of American individualism as well as a significant defense contractor who helped develop new weapons technologies.^[9] For the fictional character of this name, see Stan Lee (Judge Dredd character). ... This article is about the comic book company. ... The Fantastic Four is Marvel Comics flagship superhero team, created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby and debuting in The Fantastic Four #1 (Nov. ... The Incredible Hulk The Hulk, often called The Incredible Hulk, is a Marvel Comics superhero. ... For other uses, see Cold War (disambiguation). ...

Tony Stark/Iron Man's reliance on technology and intelligence, rather than the chance transformations of many other superheroes, reinforced the American faith in technological solutions to the military, political and ideological problems of the Cold War. Stark is an idealized portrait of the American inventor. By the 1960s, military weapons development was firmly in the realm of Big Science, with little role for the lone inventor. Issues of autonomy and government intervention in research and questions of loyalty—which real-life American physicists and engineers were also facing, if less dramatically—are prominent themes in early Iron Man storyline.^[9] This article is about the term. ...

According to historian Robert Genter, Stark is emasculated by his loss of autonomy as an inventor—a blow to his manhood symbolized by his chest wound—and "Iron Man centers on Stark's inability to reconcile with this wound to his masculinity."^[9] Stan Lee used the playboy side of Stark to restore the character's sense of masculinity. Stark conquers women—either romantically or physically, and with female supervillains frequently both—and, writes Genter, "follows the lead of other cultural and literary figures such as Ian Fleming, Mickey Spillane, and Norman Mailer who made unregulated sexuality a form of authenticity."^[9] This article is about the author. ... Frank Morrison Spillane (March 9, 1918 – July 17, 2006), better known as Mickey Spillane, was an American author of crime novels, many featuring his signature detective character, Mike Hammer. ... Norman Kingsley Mailer (January 31, 1923 – November 10, 2007) was an American novelist, journalist, playwright, screenwriter, and film director. ...

Fictional character biography

This article or section describes a work or element of fiction in a primarily in-universe style. Please rewrite this article or section to explain the fiction more clearly and provide non-fictional perspective.

Origins

Anthony Stark was born on Long Island, the son of Howard Stark, a wealthy industrialist and head of Stark Industries, and Maria Stark. Tony is a boy genius, entering MIT at the age of 15 to study electrical engineering, and graduating summa cum laude. After his parents' accidental deaths in a car crash, he inherits his father's company. This article is about the island in New York State. ... Stark Industries- the home base for Tony Starks operations. ... “MIT” redirects here. ... Electrical Engineers design power systems. ... Latin honors are Latin phrases used to indicate the level of academic distinction with which an academic degree was earned. ...

While observing the effects of his experimental technologies on the American war effort, Stark is injured by a booby trap and captured by the enemy, who then orders him to design weapons for them. However, Stark's injuries are dire and shrapnel in his chest threatens to pierce his heart. His fellow prisoner, Ho Yinsen, a physicist whose work Stark had greatly admired during college, constructs a magnetic chest plate to keep the shrapnel from reaching Stark's heart, keeping him alive. Stark uses the workshop to design and construct in secret a suit of powered armor. Stark uses the armor to escape, although Yinsen dies during the attempt. Stark takes revenge on his kidnappers, then heads back to rejoin the American forces. Along the way he meets a wounded American Marine Corps helicopter pilot, James "Rhodey" Rhodes. Not to be confused with physician, a person who practices medicine. ... For other senses of this word, see magnetism (disambiguation). ... U.S. Army conceptual mock-up of an exoskeleton-equipped soldier. ... The United States Marine Corps (USMC) is a branch of the United States armed forces responsible for providing force projection from the sea,[1] using the mobility of the U.S. Navy to rapidly deliver combined-arms task forces and is one of seven uniformed services. ... This article is about the superhero. ...

Back home, Stark discovers the shrapnel lodged in his chest cannot be removed without killing him, and he is forced to wear the armor's chestplate beneath his clothes to act as a regulator for his heart. He must also recharge the chestplate every day or else risk the shrapnel killing him. The cover for Iron Man is that he is Stark's bodyguard and corporate mascot. To that end, Iron Man fights threats to his company, Communist opponents such as the Black Widow, the Crimson Dynamo and the Titanium Man as well as independent villains like the Mandarin. No one suspects Stark of being Iron Man as he cultivates an image as a rich playboy and industrialist. Two notable members of Stark's supporting cast at this point are his personal chauffeur Harold "Happy" Hogan and secretary Virginia "Pepper" Potts, to both of whom he eventually reveals his dual identity. Meanwhile, Jim Rhodes would find his own niche as Stark's personal pilot of extraordinary skill and daring. The comic took an anti-Communist stance in its early years, which was softened as opposition rose to the Vietnam War^[1][6]. This change evolved in a series of stories with Stark profoundly reconsidering his political opinions and the morality of manufacturing weapons for the military. Stark, however, often shows himself to be occasionally arrogant and willing to let the ends justify the means^[10][11]. This leads to personal conflicts with the people around him, both in his civilian and superhero identities. Stark uses his personal fortune not only to outfit his own armor but to develop weapons for S.H.I.E.L.D. and other technologies such as the Quinjets used by the Avengers, and the image inducers used by the X-Men. Bodyguards of Viktor Yushchenko (far left) after leaving Gdansk city hall. ... This article is about the form of society and political movement. ... This article is about the Marvel Comics characters. ... The Crimson Dynamo is the name of several fictional characters in the Marvel Comics universe, most of whom have been supervillains. ... The Titanium Man is the name of two or more fictional characters in the Marvel Comics universe. ... The Mandarin is a fictional character, a Marvel Comics supervillain and the archenemy of Iron Man. ... Harold Harry Hogan, commonly known as Happy Hogan, is a fictional character, a supporting character of Iron Man in the Marvel Comics universe. ... Virginia Pepper Potts is a fictional supporting character in the Marvel Comics universe, debuting in 1960s comic books as executive secretary to Tony Stark, a. ... Combatants Republic of Vietnam United States Republic of Korea Thailand Australia New Zealand The Philippines National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam Democratic Republic of Vietnam People’s Republic of China Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea Strength US 1,000,000 South Korea 300,000 Australia 48,000... S.H.I.E.L.D. is a fictional, comic-book counterterrorism and intelligence agency in the Marvel Comics universe. ... This is a list of fictional vehicles featured in Marvel Universe comic books published by Marvel Comics. ... The X-Men are a group of comic book superheroes featured in Marvel Comics. ...

Eventually, Stark's heart condition is discovered by the public and cured with an artificial heart transplant. However, Stark also develops a serious dependency on alcohol. The first time it becomes a problem is when Stark discovers that the national security agency S.H.I.E.L.D. has been buying a controlling interest in his company in order to ensure Stark's continued weapons development for them. At the same time, Stark's business rival Justin Hammer hires several supervillains to attack Stark. At one point, the Iron Man armor is even taken over and used to murder a diplomat. Although Iron Man is not immediately under suspicion, Stark is forced to hand the armor over to the authorities. Eventually Stark and Rhodes, who is now his personal pilot and confidant, track down and defeat those responsible, although Hammer would return to bedevil Stark again. With the support of his then-girlfriend, Bethany Cabe, his friends and his employees, Stark pulls through these crises and overcomes his dependency on alcohol. Heart Condition is a 2006 rock song from the rock musical, The Boy Who Heard Music. ... Alcoholism is the consumption of, or preoccupation with, alcoholic beverages to the extent that this behavior interferes with the drinkers normal personal, family, social, or work life, and may lead to physical or mental harm. ... S.H.I.E.L.D. is a fictional, comic-book counterterrorism and intelligence agency in the Marvel Comics universe. ... Justin Hammer is a fictional character from the Marvel Comics universe. ... Bethany Cabe is a fictional character in the Marvel Universe. ...

Some time later, a ruthless rival, Obadiah Stane, manipulates Stark emotionally into a serious relapse. As a result, Stark loses control of Stark International, becomes a homeless alcoholic vagrant and gives up his armored identity to Rhodes, who becomes the new Iron Man for a lengthy period of time. Eventually, Stark recovers and joins a new startup, Circuits Maximus. Stark concentrates on new technological designs, including building a new set of armor as part of his recuperative therapy. Rhodes continues to act as Iron Man but steadily grows more aggressive and paranoid, due to the armor not being calibrated properly for his use. Eventually Rhodes goes on a rampage, and Stark has to don the prototype silver centurion suit to stop him. When Circuits Maximus comes under assault from Stane, Stark uses the completed next-generation silver centurian armor to confront Stane in personal combat. Stark's skill proves superior over Stane's unpracticed use of his own variant suit (known as the Iron Monger) and Stark regains his company when Stane commits suicide rather than be captured. The Iron Monger is an identity used by several fictional characters in the Marvel Comics universe, most of whom have been supervillains. ... The Iron Monger is an identity used by several fictional characters in the Marvel Comics universe, most of whom have been supervillains. ...

Late 1980s and 1990s

In an attempt to stop other people from misusing his designs, Stark goes about disabling other armored heroes and villains who are using suits based on the Iron Man technology, the designs of which were stolen by his enemy Spymaster. His quest to destroy all instances of the stolen technology severely hurts his reputation as Iron Man. After attacking and disabling a series of minor villains such as Stilt-Man, he attacks and defeats the government operative known as Stingray. The situation worsens when Stark realizes that Stingray's armor does not incorporate any of his designs. He publicly "fires" Iron Man while covertly pursuing his agenda. He uses the cover story of wanting to help disable the rogue Iron Man to infiltrate and disable the armor of the S.H.I.E.L.D. operatives known as the Mandroids, and disabling the armor of the Guardsmen, in the process allowing some of the villains that they guard to escape. This leads the United States government to declare Iron Man a danger and an outlaw. Iron Man then travels to Russia where he inadvertently causes the death of the Soviet Titanium Man during a fight. Returning to the U.S he faces an enemy commissioned by the government named Firepower. Unable to defeat him head on, Stark fakes Iron Man's demise, intending to retire the suit forever. When Firepower goes rogue, Stark creates a new suit, claiming that a new person is in the armor. Spymaster is a supervillain from Marvel Comics. ... Stilt-Man, aka Wilbur Day, is a Marvel Comics supervillain, most commonly associated with Daredevil. ... Stingray, is a Marvel Comics superhero. ... A Mandroid is a fictional suit of power armor which appears in the Marvel Comics universe. ... Guardsman was the name of a superhero in the Marvel Universe, but was later applied to a small squad of agents. ... United States Government redirects here. ... The Titanium Man is the name of two or more fictional characters in the Marvel Comics universe. ...

Stark's health continues to deteriorate, and he discovers the armor's cybernetic interface is causing irreversible damage to his nervous system. His condition is aggravated by a failed attempt on his life by a mentally unbalanced former lover which injures his spine, paralyzing him. Stark has a nerve chip implanted into his spine to regain his mobility. Still, Stark's nervous system continues its slide towards failure, and he constructs a "skin" made up of artificial nerve circuitry to assist it. Stark also begins to pilot a remote-controlled Iron Man armor, but when faced with the Masters of Silence, the telepresence suit proves inadequate. Stark then designs a more heavily armed version of the suit to wear, the "Variable Threat Response Battle Suit", which becomes known as the War Machine armor. Ultimately, the damage to his nervous system becomes too extensive. Faking his death, Stark places himself in suspended animation to heal as Rhodes takes over the running of Stark Enterprises and the mantle of Iron Man using the War Machine armor. Stark ultimately makes a full recovery by using a chip to reprogram himself and reassumes the Iron Man identity. When Rhodes learns that Stark has manipulated his friends by faking his own death, he becomes enraged and the two friends part ways, Rhodes continuing as War Machine in a solo career. For other uses, see Cybernetics (disambiguation). ... The nervous system is a highly specialized network whose principal components are nerves called neurons. ... Telepresence refers to a set of technologies which allow a person to feel as if they were present, to give the appearance that they were present, or to have an effect, at a location other than their true location. ... This article is about the superhero. ... This article is about suspended animation in a medical context. ...

The story arc "The Crossing" reveals Iron Man as a traitor among the Avengers' ranks, due to years of manipulation by the time-traveling dictator Kang the Conqueror. Stark, as a sleeper agent in Kang's thrall, kills Marilla, the nanny of Crystal and Quicksilver's daughter Luna, as well as Rita DeMara, the female Yellowjacket, then an ally of the Avengers. (The miniseries Avengers Forever later retcons these events as the work of a disguised Immortus, not Kang, and that the mental control had gone back only a few months). This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... For Quicksilver (DC Comics), see Max Mercury. ... Yellowjacket (Rita DeMara) was a fictional character, an initial reluctant supervillainess and later superheroine in the Marvel Comics Marvel Universe. ... Avengers Forever is a twelve-issue comic book limited series serialized by Marvel Comics from 1998 to 2000 starring the superhero team called the Avengers. ... Retroactive continuity – commonly contracted to the portmanteau word retcon – refers to the act of changing previously established details of a fictional setting, often without providing an explanation for the changes within the context of that setting. ... Spoiler warning: Kang the Conqueror is a supervillain in Marvel Comics. ...

Needing help to defeat both Stark and the ostensible Kang, the team travels back in time to recruit a teenaged Tony Stark from an alternate timeline to assist them. The young Stark steals an Iron Man suit in order to aid the Avengers against his older self. The sight of his younger self shocks the older Stark enough for him to regain momentary control of his actions, and he sacrifices his life to stop Kang. The young Stark later builds his own suit to become the new Iron Man, and, remaining in the present day, gains legal control of "his" company.

During the battle with the creature called Onslaught, the teenaged Stark dies, along with many other superheroes. However, Franklin Richards preserves these "dead" heroes in the "Heroes Reborn" pocket universe, in which Tony Stark is once again an adult hero; Franklin recreates the heroes in the pocket universe in the forms he is most familiar with rather than what they are at the present. The reborn adult Stark, upon returning to the normal Marvel Universe, merges with the original Stark, who had died during "The Crossing," but was resurrected by Franklin Richards. This new Tony Stark possesses the memories of both the original and teenage Tony Starks, and thus considers himself to be essentially both of them. With the aid of the law firm Nelson & Murdock, he successfully regains his fortune and, with Stark Enterprises having been sold to the Fujikawa Corporation following Stark's death, sets up a new company, Stark Solutions. He also returns from the pocket universe with a restored and healthy heart. After the Avengers reform, Stark demands a hearing be convened to look into his actions just prior to the Onslaught incident. Cleared of wrongdoing, he rejoins the Avengers. Onslaught is a fictional character, a psionic entity in the Marvel Comics universe created from the consciousness of two characters: Professor Charles Xavier, founder and leader of the X-Men, and the villainous mutant known as Magneto. ... This article is about the Marvel Comics character. ... Heroes Reborn was an event in which Marvel Comics temporarily outsourced the production of several of its most famous comic books to the studios of its popular former employees Jim Lee and Rob Liefeld. ... For other uses, see Daredevil (comics). ...

2000s

At one point, Stark's armor itself becomes sentient, despite fail-safes to prevent its increasingly sophisticated computer systems from doing so. Initially, Stark welcomes this "living" armor, as it has improved tactical abilities, but soon the armor's behavior begins to grow more aggressive, and it even kills. Eventually, the armor reaches the point where it wants to join with Stark and eventually replace him. Stark finds he cannot defeat the armor, but in the final confrontation on a desert island, Stark suffers another heart attack. To save its creator's life, the armor gives up part of its components to give Stark a new, artificial heart, sacrificing its own existence. The new heart solves Stark's health problems, but it does not have an internal power supply, so Stark becomes once again dependent on periodic recharging. The sentient armor incident so disturbs Stark that he goes back to using an early model version of his armor for a while, lacking the sophistication of the sentient version and thus unlikely to result in a repeat of the same problem. He also dabbles with using liquid metal circuitry known as S.K.I.N. that will form itself into a protective shell around his body, but eventually returns to more conventional hard metal armors.

During this time, Stark engages in a romance with Rumiko Fujikawa, (first appearance in Iron Man vol. 3, #4), a wealthy heiress and daughter of the man who had taken over his company during the "Heroes Reborn" period. An intelligent and resourceful woman, she nonetheless begins the relationship in part to rebel against her stern father, who disapproves of Stark. Her relationship with Stark endures many highs and lows, including an infidelity with Stark's rival, Tiberius Stone, in part because the fun-loving Rumiko believes that Stark is too serious and dull. Their relationship ends with Rumiko's death at the hands of an Iron Man impostor in vol. 3, #87. Rumiko Fujikawa is a fictional character in the Marvel Comics universe, created by writer Kurt Busiek and artist Sean Chen. ...

In Iron Man vol. 3, #55 (July 2002), Stark publicly reveals his dual identity as Iron Man, not realizing that by doing so, he has invalidated the agreements protecting his armor from government duplication (since those contracts state that the Iron Man armor would be used by an employee of Tony Stark, not by Stark himself). When he discovers that the United States military is again using his technology, Stark, rather than confront them as before, accepts a Presidential appointment as Secretary of Defense. In this way, he hopes to monitor and direct how his designs are used. He is forced to resign after launching into a tirade against the Latverian ambassador at the United Nations, being manipulated by the mentally imbalanced Scarlet Witch. Following this, the Scarlet Witch causes the destruction of the Avengers mansion and the death of several Avengers; Stark claims publicly that he will stand down as Iron Man. The "new" Iron Man remains Stark; however, the catastrophic events that preceded this, combined with Stark's assertion, convinces the public that Iron Man and Stark are now different people. Stark leaves the wreckage of Avengers Mansion as it is, and unveils Stark Tower, a state-of-the-art office building that becomes headquarters for the New Avengers team, of which he is a member. The United States Armed Forces are the overall unified military forces of the United States. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Circuit Courts of Appeal District Courts Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Atlas  US Government Portal      For other uses, see President of the United States (disambiguation). ... The United States Secretary of Defense (SECDEF) is the head of the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), concerned with the armed services and military matters. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... UN redirects here. ... The Scarlet Witch (Wanda Maximoff) is a fictional character in the Marvel Comics universe, a mutant who was introduced as a super-villainess before reforming and becoming a superheroine early in her history. ... Stark Tower is a fictional high-rise building, named after its owner Tony Stark (AKA Iron Man). ... For the unrelated TV show, see The New Avengers. ...

The miniseries Iron Man: The Inevitable reintroduces the Ghost, the Living Laser and Spymaster. Presenting the change in status quo — the focus of Iron Man stories shifting from superhero-ism to political and industrial tales — as Iron Man having elevated himself to a new place in his life where he is "beyond" apprehending supervillains, the miniseries sees a resentful Spymaster conspire to drag Iron Man back to that plebeian level. For other uses, see Ghost (comics). ... The Living Laser (Arthur Parks) is a fictional character, a supervillain appearing in the Marvel Comics universe, and an enemy of the Avengers. ... Spymaster is a supervillain from Marvel Comics. ... In Ancient Rome, the plebs was the general body of Roman citizens, distinct from the privileged class of the patricians. ...

New Avengers: Illuminati #1 (June 2006) reveals that years before, in the wake of the Kree-Skrull War, Stark initiates a meeting at the palace of the Black Panther in Wakanda with Professor X, Mister Fantastic, Black Bolt, Doctor Strange, and Namor to form a clandestine, unnamed group (dubbed the "Illuminati" by Marvel) to devise strategy and policy regarding overarching menaces (Black Panther rejects membership and derides the other heroes for joining). Stark's original goal is to create a governing body for all superheroes in the world to answer to. However, the different beliefs and philosophies, besides the fact that many heroes choose to conceal their real identities, makes Stark's plan impractical. Despite this, the group agrees to share vital information. The Illuminati are a fictional group of superheroes who joined forces and secretly work behind the scenes in the Marvel Universe. ... The Kree-Skrull War, in the fictional Marvel Universe, was a series of conflicts between the Kree Empire of the Greater Magellanic Cloud and the Skrulls of the Andromeda Galaxy that lasted for several million years. ... The Black Panther (TChalla) is a fictional character in the Marvel Comics universe who is the first modern Black superhero. ... Wakanda is a fictional nation in the Marvel Universe. ... Charles Francis Xavier, also known as Professor X, is a fictional Marvel Comics superhero, known as the leader and founder of the X-Men. ... Mr. ... Black Bolt (Blackagar Boltagon) is a fictional character that appears in the Marvel Universe and king of the offshoot of humanity known as the Inhumans. ... This article is about the Marvel comics superhero. ... Namor the Sub-Mariner is a fictional comic-book character in the Marvel Comics Universe, and one of the first superheroes, debuting in Spring 1939. ...

Learning of the government's plans to instigate a Superhuman Registration Act that would force costumed, super-powered individuals to reveal their identities to the government and sign on as licensed agents, Iron Man at first seeks to defeat the proposal, even going to such lengths as to hire the Titanium Man to attack the hearing on the act as he testifies in order to manipulate opinion in his favor. However, at some point, Tony Stark's opinion of the Act changes, seeing it as a new means to achieve the goal that he had sought in forming the "Illuminati", and to tie the knots of friendship between ordinary humans and superheroes. He attempts to convince the other members of the clandestine group to support the new Act, stating that their input could prevent the Act from becoming too restrictive of superhuman activities, but all except Mr. Fantastic and Black Bolt reject the idea of registration. Stark becomes the figurehead of the Registration Act in the following Civil War storyline; Iron Man's forces and resistance led by Captain America clash in a climatic battle until Captain America, dismayed with the collateral damage and realizing his actions weren't bringing the end to the act any closer, stands down. Stark is then appointed the new director of S.H.I.E.L.D.^[12] He also revives the Avengers. In Marvel Comics fictional Marvel Universe, the Registration Acts - the Mutant Registration Act (or MRA) and Super-human Registration Act (SRA or sometimes SHRA) - are legislative bills which, when passed into law, enforce the mandatory registration of super-powered individuals with the government. ... The Titanium Man is the name of two or more fictional characters in the Marvel Comics universe. ... Civil War is a 2006-2007 Marvel Comics crossover event built around a seven-issue limited series of the same name written by Mark Millar, and penciled by Steve McNiven. ... Mighty Avengers is a monthly comic book currently published by Marvel Comics, starring the superhero team The Avengers. ...

Shortly after the events of Civil War, Captain America is killed on the steps of the courthouse for his trial. Despite his fervent belief in the registration act, Tony Stark looks down on the body of Captain America stating that most of what he had done in the name of the law "wasn't worth it" stating later at Captain America's funeral that "it wasn't supposed to be this way". This article is about the original comic book character named Captain America. ...

After Tony Stark survives an encounter with Ultron taking over his body, he is confronted in the hospital by Spider-Woman, holding the corpse of a Skrull posing as Elektra. Becoming keenly aware of the upcoming invasion of the Skrulls, Tony gathers the Illuminati and reveals the corpse to them, declaring they're at war. After Black Bolt reveals himself as a Skrull and is killed by Namor, a squadron of Skrulls attack, forcing Tony to evacuate the other Illuminati members and destroy the area, killing all the Skrulls. Realizing they're incapable of trusting each other, the members all separate to form individual plans for the oncoming invasion. For other uses, see Ultron (disambiguation). ... Spider-Woman (Jessica Drew) is a superheroine, a fictional character in the Marvel Comics universe. ... The Skrulls are a fictional race of extraterrestrial shapeshifters that appear in the Marvel Universe. ... Elektra Natchios, usually known only by her first name Elektra, is a fictional character in publications from Marvel Comics. ... Black Bolt (Blackagar Boltagon) is a fictional character that appears in the Marvel Universe and king of the offshoot of humanity known as the Inhumans. ... Namor the Sub-Mariner is a fictional comic-book character in the Marvel Comics Universe, and one of the first superheroes, debuting in Spring 1939. ...

Soon after, a "Venom virus" hits New York, causing New York citizens and superheroes to be covered in symbiotes. After the battle, Iron Man learns the virus came from Latveria and launches a full-scale assault on its monarch, Doctor Doom. During the battle, Doom, Iron Man, and the Sentry are transported through time via Doom's broken time platform. Doom and Stark form an alliance in an attempt to return to the proper time without being seen or causing any actions that could alter their future and try to find a way to get a hold of the time platform at the Fantastic Four's headquarters. Thanks to the Sentry's memory spell, which erased knowledge of his existence from the minds of the public, they are able to return to the present and later on capture Doom and send him to the Negative Zone prison. Soon after, all of Stark's technology was compromised by the Skrull empire as a part of their invasion causing Stark to rebuild his armor from scratch to fight back. Stark must also deal with the murderous yet genius Ezekiel Stane, son of Obadiah Stane. Venom, or the Venom Symbiote, is the name given to the first symbiote life form to appear in the fictional Marvel Universe. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Doctor Doom (Victor von Doom) is a fictional Marvel Comics supervillain created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby. ... For other comic book characters of the same name, see Sentry (comics). ... This article is about the superheroes. ... The Skrulls are a fictional race of extraterrestrial shapeshifters that appear in the Marvel Universe. ... Secret Invasion is a comic book limited series and crossover that began in April 2008, published by Marvel Comics. ...

While in the Savage Land with the Mighty Avengers, Iron Man's armor is compromised and he goes to the Mutate's base to build himself a new set of armor. While he is there, Spider-Woman shows up, praising Stark for his efforts and informing him that he is a Skrull sleeper agent named Kr'Ali. Whether this is true or not remains to be seen.^[13]

Powers and abilities

Armor

See also: Iron Man's armor

Iron Man possesses powered armor that gives him superhuman strength and durability, flight, and an array of weapons. The armor is invented and, with occasional short-term exceptions, worn by Stark. Other people who have assumed the Iron Man identity include long time partner and best friend James Rhodes, close associates Harold "Happy" Hogan, Eddie March, and (briefly) Michael O'Brien. The various armors of Iron Man. ... U.S. Army conceptual mock-up of an exoskeleton-equipped soldier. ... This article is about the superhero. ... Harold Harry Hogan, commonly known as Happy Hogan, is a fictional character, a supporting character of Iron Man in the Marvel Comics universe. ... Guardsman was the name of a superhero in the Marvel Universe, but was later applied to a small squad of agents. ...

The weapons systems of the suit have evolved over the years, but Iron Man's standard offensive weapons have always been the repulsor rays that are fired from the palms of his gauntlets. Other weapons built into various incarnations of the armor include the uni-beam projector in its chest; pulse bolts that pick up kinetic energy, but not solar energy, along the way, so that they hit harder the farther they have to travel; an electromagnetic pulse generator and an energy shield. Other capabilities include generation of ultra-freon, creating and manipulating magnetic fields, sonic blasts and a holographic generator to create decoys. The cars of a roller coaster reach their maximum kinetic energy when at the bottom of their path. ... The term electromagnetic pulse (EMP) has the following meanings: electromagnetic radiation from an explosion (especially a nuclear explosion) or an intensely fluctuating magnetic field caused by Compton-recoil electrons and photoelectrons from photons scattered in the materials of the electronic or explosive device or in a surrounding medium. ... Freon is a trade name for a group of chlorofluorocarbons used primarily as a refrigerant. ... For the indie-pop band, see The Magnetic Fields. ...

In addition to the general-purpose model he wears, Stark has developed several specialized suits for space travel, deep-sea diving, stealth and other situations. Stark has modified suits like the Hulkbuster heavy armor, composed of add-ons to his so-called modular armor, designed to enhance its strength and durability to allow it to take on the Incredible Hulk. A later model designed for use against Thor is modeled on the Destroyer and uses a mystical power source. Stark also develops an electronics pack during the Armor Wars that, when attached to armors that use Stark technology, will burn out those components and render the suit useless. This pack is ineffective on later models, however. Apollo 15 space suit A spacesuit is a complex system of garments, equipment, and environmental systems designed to keep a person alive and comfortable in the harsh environment of outer space. ... ISS in earth orbit. ... Two divers, one wearing the Tritonia AIDS and the other standard diving dress, preparing to explore the wreck of the RMS Lusitania, 1935. ... F-117 stealth attack plane Stealth technology is a sub-discipline of electronic countermeasures which covers a range of techniques used with aircraft, ships and missiles, in order to make them less visible (ideally invisible) to radar, infrared and other detection methods. ... The various armors of Iron Man. ... Incredible Hulk, The Hulk and The Incredible Hulk redirect here. ... Thor (sometimes called The Mighty Thor) is a fictional character that appears in comic books published by Marvel Comics. ... The Destroyer is a fictional character that appears in the Marvel Universe. ...

Powers

For a time, due to an artificial nervous system installed after he suffered extensive damage to his nervous system, Stark had superhumanly acute sensory perceptions as well as extraordinary awareness of the physical processes within his own body. This is no longer a part of the character's powers.

After being critically injured during a battle with the Extremis-enhanced Mallen, Stark injects his nervous system with a modified techno-organic virus (the Extremis process) that not only saves his life, it gives him the ability to store the inner layers of the Iron Man armor in the hollows of his bones as well as control it through direct brain impulses. Stark can control the layer of the armor underneath his skin and make it emerge from numerous exit points around his limbs as a gold-colored neural interface under-sheath. While in this form, Stark has technopathic control of the armor and can suit up at any time, calling the larger components to him. Furthermore, the Extremis process has increased his body's recuperative and healing abilities. He is also able to connect remotely to external communications systems such as satellites, cellular phones, and computers throughout the world. Because the armor's operating system is now directly connected to Stark's nervous system, its response time has been significantly improved.

Skills

Stark is a genius who graduated with an advanced degree in physics and engineering at 21^[14] and further developed his knowledge ranging from Artificial Intelligence to Quantum Mechanics as time progressed. This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... For a generally accessible and less technical introduction to the topic, see Introduction to quantum mechanics. ...

In addition, Stark possesses great business and political acumen. On multiple occasions he reacquired control of his companies after losing them, and leading corporate takeovers.^[15]

Stark received hand to hand combat training from Happy Hogan (a professional Boxer), James Rhodes (a Marine) and Captain America himself. Harold Harry Hogan, commonly known as Happy Hogan, is a fictional character, a supporting character of Iron Man in the Marvel Comics universe. ... For other meanings of these words, see boxing (disambiguation) or boxer. ... This article is about the superhero. ... France Marines is the name of a commune in the département of Val dOise, France. ... This article is about the original comic book character named Captain America. ...

Enemies

Main article: List of Iron Man enemies

Iron Man has a large range of villains. ...

Other versions

Main article: Alternate versions of Iron Man

In addition to his mainstream incarnation, Iron Man has been depicted in other fictional universes. In addition to his mainstream incarnation, Iron Man has had been depicted in other fictional universes. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ...

In other media

Main article: Iron Man in other media

Apart from comic books, Iron Man and War Machine both appear in Capcom's "Marvel vs." video games including Marvel Super Heroes, Marvel Super Heroes vs. Street Fighter, Marvel vs. Capcom: Clash of Super Heroes, and Marvel vs. Capcom 2: New Age of Heroes. Most of their move sets include abilities originally shown in the comic book. This lists all appearances of Iron Man. ... Marvel Super Heroes is a fighting game developed by Capcom. ... Marvel Super Heroes vs. ...

Iron Man is a playable character in the 1991 arcade game Captain America and the Avengers, Iron Man, Marvel: Ultimate Alliance, and Marvel Nemesis: Rise of the Imperfects, as well as being featured as an unlockable character in X-Men Legends II: Rise of Apocalypse and Tony Hawk's Underground. ^[16] Captain America and the Avengers is the title of a side-scrolling coin-op arcade game released by Data East in 1991 and based on the Marvel Comics series The Avengers. ... Iron Man is a 2008 video game based on the 2008 film of the same name as well as the classic iterations of the character. ... Tony Hawks Underground, also called THUG and loosely referred to as Tony Hawks Pro Skater 5, is a skateboarding video game available for the PlayStation 2, GameCube, Game Boy Advance and Xbox platforms released in 2003. ...

Iron Man appears regularly in Twisted Toyfare Theater, a photographic comic strip made using toys and Adobe Photoshop that appears monthly in the magazine ToyFare. He is depicted as constantly intoxicated and usually has a beer in hand. His drinking usually gets him in trouble. In one issue, he bet on a wrestling match between two versions of Spider-Man and lost Stark Industries to Boss Hogg. In another, he resolves to quit drinking after being given an ultimatum to sober up or be kicked out of the Avengers, until the Incredible Hulk brings over a bunch of Party of Five episodes. After Iron Man drinks until he passes out with his head in the refrigerator, the Hulk takes his suit to impersonate him at the Avengers meeting, but ends up at The Hall of Justice instead. Due to licensing issues with DC Comics, this was later changed to the X-Mansion when the comic was reprinted in a collected volume. One story involved him attempting to reinstate Prohibition after successfully going to rehab. However, in the end he reverts to his alcoholic state. Cover to the first collected volume of TTT. Twisted Toyfare Theater is the most popular feature in the monthly magazine Toyfare. ... This article is about the comic strip, the sequential art form as published in newspapers and on the Internet. ... Photoshop redirects here. ... ToyFare is a magainze published by Wizard Entertainment. ... Sorrell Booke, portraying the character that made him famous, Boss Hogg. Spoiler warning: J.D. (Jefferson Davis) Hogg (better known as Boss Hogg) is a fictional character featured in the United States television series, The Dukes of Hazzard. ... The Avengers is a superhero team that appear in the fictional Marvel Universe. ... Incredible Hulk, The Hulk and The Incredible Hulk redirect here. ... Party of Five is an American dramatic television series that premiered on FOX Network, September 12, 1994 and ended on May 3, 2000 after six seasons. ... The Hall of Justice is the earth-based headquarters of the Justice League. ... In the fictional Marvel Comics universe, the X-Mansion, the common name for the Xavier Mansion, is the base of operations and training site of the X-Men and the location of a school for mutant teenagers, the Xavier Institute for Higher Learning, formerly Xaviers School for Gifted Youngsters. ... The term Prohibition, also known as A Dry Law, refers to a law in a certain country by which the manufacture, transportation, import, export, and sale of alcoholic beverages is restricted or illegal. ...

Cultural impact

The rapper Ghostface Killah, a member of Wu-Tang Clan, titled his 1996 debut solo album Ironman, and has since continued to use lyrics related to the Iron Man comics and samples from the animated TV shows on his records. He has also adopted the nickname Tony Starks (cq) as one of his numerous alter-egos. Rap redirects here. ... Dennis Coles (born May 9, 1970), better known by the stage name Ghostface Killah, is an American rapper revered for his lyrical dexterity and vivid imagination. ... Wu-Tang redirects here. ... Iron Man was a hip-hop album released by Ghostface Killah. ... This article is about reusing existing sound recordings in creating new works. ... CQ can stand for several different things: CQ is a code used by wireless telegraphy and voice operators to make a general call, invitating other operators listening on that channel to respond. ...

Paul McCartney's song "Magneto and Titanium Man" was inspired by the X-Men's arch-nemesis and the original version of the Iron Man villain. Another Iron Man villain, the Crimson Dynamo, is mentioned in the lyrics to this song. The British band Razorlight mentions Tony Stark in a verse of their song, "Hang By, Hang By". Sir James Paul McCartney, MBE (born 18 June 1942) is an English singer-songwriter, composer, multi-instrumentalist, poet, entrepreneur, painter, record producer, film producer, and animal-rights activist. ... The X-Men are a group of comic book superheroes featured in Marvel Comics. ... Razorlight is an Anglo-Swedish band formed in 2002 by singer-songwriter Johnny Borrell. ...

"Iron Man" is a song by the heavy metal band Black Sabbath. It was later retconned into the source of Iron Man's name, as it was a young Tony Stark's favorite song.^{[issue # needed]}An abridged version of the Sabbath song is played over the closing credits of the 2008 movie^[17], as well as several of its previews. Iron Man is a signature song of Birmingham, England heavy metal pioneers Black Sabbath. ... For other uses, see Black Sabbath (disambiguation). ... Retroactive continuity – commonly contracted to the portmanteau word retcon – refers to the act of changing previously established details of a fictional setting, often without providing an explanation for the changes within the context of that setting. ...

The character of Nathan Stark on the television show Eureka is inspired by Tony Stark.^[18] Nathan Stark is a character on the American science fiction drama Eureka. ... This article is about the US science-fiction television series For the Canadian educational science television series, see Eureka! (TV series). ...

Forbes has ranked Iron Man among the wealthiest fictional characters on their annual ranking.^[19] BusinessWeek has also ranked Iron Man as one of the top ten most intelligent fictional characters in American comics.^[20] For other uses, see Forbes (disambiguation). ... BusinessWeek is a business magazine published by McGraw-Hill. ...

Bibliography

List of Iron Man titles

• Tales of Suspense #39-99 (March 1963 - March 1968)
• Iron Man and the Sub-Mariner (April 1968)
• Iron Man Vol. 1, #1-332 (May 1968 - Sept. 1996)
• Iron Man Annual #1-15 (1970-1994)
• Iron Man Annual '98-2001
• Giant-Size Iron Man (1975)
• Iron Man: Crash (1988)
• Iron Manual (1993)
• Iron Man 2020 (Aug. 1994)
• Age of Innocence: The Rebirth of Iron Man (Feb. 1996)
• Iron Man Vol. 2, #1-13 (Nov. 1996 - Nov. 1997)
• Iron Man Vol. 3, #1-89 (Feb. 1998 - Dec. 2004)
• Iron Man: The Iron Age #1-2 (Aug.- Sept. 1998)
• Iron Man: Bad Blood #1-4 (Sept.- Dec. 2000)
• Iron Man Vol. 4, #1 -  (Jan. 2005 - Present) (this series was officially titled as The Invincible Iron Man for issues #17-28 in the comic's legal indicia; Retitled Iron Man: Director of S.H.I.E.L.D. from issue 15 onwards on covers only; the comic book would not officially be retitled until issue 29 (July 2008) in the comic's legal indicia).^[21]
• Iron Man: Director of S.H.I.E.L.D. Annual #1 (Jan. 2008)
• Invincible Iron Man #1 - (July 2008 - Present)
• Ultimate Iron Man Vol. 1: #1-5 (Mar. 2005 - Dec. 2005)
• Ultimate Iron Man Vol. 2: #1-5 (Dec. 2007 - Apr. 2008)
• Iron Man: The Inevitable #1-6 (Feb. 2006 - July 2006)
• Iron Man: Hypervelocity #1-6 (March 2007 - Aug. 2007)
• Marvel Adventures: Iron Man #1- (May 2007- Present
• Iron Man: Enter the Mandarin #1-6 (Sep. 2007 - March 2008)
• Iron Man: Viva Las Vegas #1 - (May 2008 - Present)
• Iron Man: Legacy Of Doom #1 - (April 2008 - Present)

Iron Man 2020 is a fictional character and supervillain who exists in the future year of 2020 within the Marvel Comics Universe continuum. ...

See also

• Futurism
• Iron Man (film)
• Transhumanism

Future studies reflects on how today’s changes (or the lack thereof) become tomorrow’s reality. ... Iron Man is a 2008 superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name. ... Posthuman Future, an illustration by Michael Gibbs for The Chronicle of Higher Educations look at how biotechnology will change the human experience, has become one of the secular icons representing transhumanism. ...

Footnotes

For the fictional character of this name, see Stan Lee (Judge Dredd character). ... Jean-François Millet Le Semeur (The Sower) Simon & Schuster logo, circa 1961. ... Game Informer (often abbreviated to GI) is an American-based monthly magazine featuring articles, news, strategy, and reviews of popular video games and associated consoles. ... For the fictional character of this name, see Stan Lee (Judge Dredd character). ... This article is about the comic book company. ... Les Daniels (born 1943) is an American writer of historical horror fiction. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 58th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the comic book company. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the day. ... Aaron A. David Lewis (born 1977 in Boston, MA) is an American comic book & graphic novel writer. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 65th day of the year (66th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 144th day of the year (145th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 310th day of the year (311th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 310th day of the year (311th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 115th day of the year (116th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 228th day of the year (229th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 345th day of the year (346th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see Forbes (disambiguation). ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 74th day of the year (75th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... BusinessWeek is a business magazine published by McGraw-Hill. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 329th day of the year (330th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

References

• Defalco, Tom (October 31, 2005). Avengers: The Ultimate Guide. DK CHILDREN. ISBN 0-756-61461-9.
• Marvel.com: Anthony Stark
• The Unofficial Handbook of Marvel Comics Creators
• The Grand Comic-Book Database
• Marvel Animation Age: Iron Man: The Animated Series (1994-1995)
• Toymania: Iron Man Figure Archive
• The Iron Man Armory (fan site)
• Advanced Iron (fanzine)

is the 304th day of the year (305th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• Iron Man's Comic Appearances at ComicBookDB.com
• Iron Man Movie to Comic Armor comparison
• Comic-Covers.com: Iron Man
• Iron Man Blog
• All covers from the 1st series of Iron Man comics
• Official Become Tony Stark for a Weekend Contest Page
• Fabulous Life of Tony Stark Webisode
• MADE:Tony Stark Webisode