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Jack A. Abramoff
Jack Abramoff testifying before the Senate Indian Affairs Committee.
Born	February 28, 1958 Atlantic City, NJ, USA
Charge(s)	fraud, conspiracy, tax evasion
Penalty	5 year and 10 months imprisonment
Status	in prison
Occupation	businessman, lobbyist
Spouse	Pam Alexander

Jack Abramoff (born February 28, 1958) is an American political lobbyist, a Republican political activist and businessman who is a central figure in a series of high-profile political scandals. Image File history File links Current_event_marker. ... Highlights The so-called iTunes Law, which Apple has called state-sponsored piracy, is approved by the French Parliament (coat of arms pictured). ... Image File history File links Abramoff_SIAC_20040929_2. ... February 28 is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1958 (MCMLVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_States. ... Alternate meanings: See Atlantic City (disambiguation) Atlantic City is a city located in USA. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 40,517. ... In the law of tort, the legal elements necessary to establish a civil conspiracy are substantially the same as for establishing a criminal conspiracy, i. ... This article contrasts tax evasion, tax avoidance, tax resistance and tax mitigation. ... A prison is a place in which people are confined and deprived of a range of liberties. ... A businessman (sometimes businesswoman, female; or businessperson, gender neutral) is a generic term for a wide range of people engaged in profit-oriented enterprises, generally the management of a company. ... Lobbying is the practice of private advocacy with the goal of influencing a governing body, in order to ensure that an individuals or organizations point of view is represented in the government. ... February 28 is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1958 (MCMLVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Chief Justice Associate Justices Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures State Courts Counties, Cities, and Towns Other countries Politics Portal      Politics of the United States of America takes place in a framework of a presidential republic... Lobbying is the practice of private advocacy with the goal of influencing a governing body, in order to ensure that an individuals or organizations point of view is represented in the government. ... The Republican Party is one of two major contemporary political parties in the United States; the other being the Democratic Party. ... A businessperson with some of the typical accoutrements of her or his profession: briefcase and mobile phone. ...

Abramoff pled guilty on January 3, 2006, to three criminal felony counts in a Washington, D.C., federal court related to the defrauding of American Indian tribes and corruption of public officials.^[1] The following day, on January 4, he pled guilty to two criminal felony counts in a separate federal court, in Miami, related to his fraudulent dealings with SunCruz Casinos.^[2] January 3 is the 3rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the record label, see Felony Records The term felony is a term used in common law systems for very serious crimes, whereas misdemeanors are considered to be less serious offenses. ... Nickname: DC, The District Motto: Justitia Omnibus (Justice for All) Location of Washington, D.C., in relation to the states Maryland and Virginia Coordinates: Country United States Federal District District of Columbia Government  - Mayor Adrian M. Fenty (D)  - City Council Chairperson: Vincent C. Gray (D) Ward 1: Jim Graham (D... The United States federal courts are the system of courts organized under the Constitution and laws of the federal government of the United States. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... January 4 is the 4th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Miami redirects here. ... SunCruz Casinos is one of many cruise lines that offer cruises to nowhere, taking passengers into international waters out of reach of the federal and state gambling laws. ...

On March 29, 2006, he was sentenced to five years and 10 months in prison and ordered to pay restitution of more than $21 million. His prison sentence was the minimum permitted under a plea bargain with federal prosecutors, in part because of his purported cooperation in the federal investigation and also because over 100 influential political allies—some very recognizable names in American public policy—wrote the sentencing judge on Abramoff's behalf, urging leniency. In October 2006, over six months after his sentencing, he was ordered by a federal judge to report to federal prison by November 15, 2006. March 29 is the 88th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (89th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... A plea bargain (also plea agreement, plea deal or copping a plea) is an agreement in a criminal case in which a prosecutor and a defendant arrange to settle the case against the defendant. ... November 15 is the 319th day of the year (320th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 46 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ...

The delay in Abramoff's imprisonment allowed him to testify in a related investigation involving the Florida gang-style murder of SunCruz Casinos owner Konstantinos Boulis and to continue cooperation with a vast investigation related to federal lobbying and related activities. This article is in need of attention. ...

Given the complexity of the alleged crimes by Abramoff and his associates, and their apparent ability to alter major pieces of federal legislation through their illegal acts, the U.S. Department of Justice has appointed an entire inter-governmental task force, including the FBI, which has been aggressively investigating Abramoff and dozens of his closest political associates and Congressional allies for nearly two years. DOJ headquarters in Washington, D.C. Justice Department redirects here. ... The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is a federal criminal investigative, intelligence agency, and the primary investigative arm of the United States Department of Justice (DOJ). ...

"The corruption scheme with Mr. Abramoff is very extensive," Alice S. Fisher, head of the Justice Department's criminal division, said at a January 2006 news conference. But she refused to name all of the Abramoff associates under current investigation. "We name people in indictments," she said.^[3]

In the months leading up to the 2006 election, the White House sought to distance themselves from the well-connected lobbyist, and downplayed his access to George W. Bush. Asked to provide photographs of the two men together, spokesmen denied that such photos existed. However, on January 8, 2007, CBS News linked to a blog website that had posted a picture of Bush with Abramoff. ^[4][5] North façade of the White House, seen from Pennsylvania Avenue. ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the 43rd and current President of the United States, inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ...

Abramoff was a top lobbyist for the Preston Gates & Ellis and Greenberg Traurig firms (see Team Abramoff) and a director of the National Center for Public Policy Research, a conservative think tank, and Toward Tradition, a religious right organization, during his criminal enterprise. He was College Republican National Committee National Chairman from 1981 to 1985. He was a founding member of the International Freedom Foundation, an "anti-communist think tank" which operated from 1986 to 1993. Preston Gates & Ellis, LLP, also known as Preston Gates, is a law firm with offices in the United States, China and Taiwan. ... Greenberg Traurig LLP is an international law firm with approximately 1,400 attorneys and governmental professionals in 31 locations in the United States, Europe and Asia, including strategic alliances. ... ‹ The template below has been proposed for deletion. ... The National Center for Public Policy Research, founded in 1982, is a self-described conservative think tank in the United States. ... Conservatism is a political philosophy that usually favors traditional values and strong foreign defense. ... This article is about the institution. ... Toward Tradition is an American, politically conservative Jewish-Christian 501 C(3) non-profit organization founded by South African rabbi Daniel Lapin. ... The term Religious Right is a broad label applied by both scholars and critics to a number of political and religious movements and groups that primarily are active around conservative and right wing social issues. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with College Republicans. ... The International Freedom Foundation (IFF), founded in 1986, was described as a Washington conservative think-tank with branches in Johannesburg and London, but was actually a front organization for apartheid South Africas Directorate of Military Intelligence. ... Anti-communism is opposition to communist ideology, organization, or government, on either a theoretical or practical level. ...

Early life

Abramoff was born in Atlantic City, New Jersey. His father, Franklin Abramoff, a businessman and promoter, was chairman of a company owned by golfer Arnold Palmer. This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... The Jack Abramoff Guam investigation involves an alleged plot by lobbyist Jack Abramoff and others to control the functions of the courts in Guam. ... The Jack Abramoff CNMI scandal involves the efforts of Jack Abramoff, other lobbyists, and government officials to change and/or prevent Congressional action regarding the Commonwealth of the Northern Marianas Islands (CNMI) and businesses on the main island of Saipan. ... The Internet Gambling Prohibition Act (IGPA) was a 1999 bill in the US Senate to ban Internet gambling defeated, in large part, by the lobbying efforts of Jack Abramoff. ... The monetary influence of Jack Abramoff run deep in Washington, as Jack Abramoff spent millions of dollars to influence and entertain Republican politicians. ... SunCruz Casinos is one of many cruise lines that offer cruises to nowhere, taking passengers into international waters out of reach of the federal and state gambling laws. ... Adam Kidan is a former business associate of indicted lobbyist Jack Abramoff, who partnered with Abramoff in the purchase of SunCruz Casinos. ... Robert William Bob Ney (born July 5, 1954) is an American politician from the U.S. state of Ohio. ... Tony C. Rudy, with Ed Buckhams Alexander Strategy Group which shutdown January 9, 2006, served as Deputy Chief of Staff (and former counsel) to House Majority Leader Thomas D. DeLay (R-Texas) until 2001, when he took a job with Jack Abramoff. ... Michael Scanlon is a former communications director for Rep. ... Roger Stillwell (b. ... William Heaton is the former chief of staff for Rep. ... ‹ The template below has been proposed for deletion. ... David Hossein Safavian (suh-FAY-vee-an) was chief of staff of the United States General Services Administration (GSA), the procurement arm of the U.S. federal government and in 2004, an employee of the Office of Management and Budget. ... Edwin A. Buckham is an evangelical minister, former congressional staffer and lobbyist. ... Thomas Dale DeLay (born April 8, 1947) is a former member of the United States House of Representatives from Sugar Land, Texas. ... James Steven Griles (born December 13, 1947) is the Deputy Secretary for the U.S. Department of Interior. ... ‹ The template below has been proposed for deletion. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Grover Glenn Norquist (born October 19, 1956) is the president of the noted anti-tax lobbying group Americans for Tax Reform, and a conservative activist. ... Susan Bonzon Ralston worked as an administrative assistant for Jack Abramoff and Ralph Reed before being hired in 2001 as the most senior assistant to Karl Rove in The West Wing of the White House. ... Ralph E. Reed, Jr. ... List of Jack Abramoffs tribal clients: Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma Chitimacha Tribe of Louisiana Coushatta Tribe of Louisiana Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians Pueblo of Sandia Pueblo of Santa Clara Saginaw Chippewa Indian Tribe Tigua Indian Reservation Category: ... A listing of trips for politicians, lobbyists, and staffers funded by Jack Abramoff. ... This article belongs in one or more categories. ... Map of Atlantic City in Atlantic County Coordinates: Country United States State New Jersey County Atlantic Incorporated March 1854  - Mayor Bob Levy Area    - City 44. ... For the Bon Jovi album, see New Jersey (album) Official language(s) None, English de facto Capital Trenton Largest city Newark Area  Ranked 47th  - Total 8,729 sq mi (22,608 km²)  - Width 70 miles (110 km)  - Length 150 miles (240 km)  - % water 14. ... Nationality  United States Birth September 10, 1929 (age 77) Latrobe, Pennsylvania Height 5 ft 10 in (1. ...

In 1968, when Abramoff was 10, his family moved to Beverly Hills, California. Abramoff attended Beverly Hills High School, where he was renowned for his football and weightlifting prowess (he reportedly squatted over 500 pounds). During his high school years, he managed both the Beverly Hills and Westwood United Artists movie theater; his father had left Palmer to become president of the Diner's Club franchises. Abramoff has said that he embraced Orthodox Judaism at the age of 12 after seeing the film version of Fiddler on the Roof. 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday. ... Beverly Hills is a city in the western part of Los Angeles County, California. ... Beverly Hills High School (usually abbreviated as Beverly or as BHHS) is the only major public high school in Beverly Hills, California. ... United States simply as football, is a competitive team sport that is both fast-paced and strategic. ... A weightlifter about to jerk 180 kg[1] Weightlifting is a sport where competitors attempt to lift heavy weights mounted on steel bars called barbells, the execution of which is a combination of power, flexibility, and technique. ... High-rise buildings line Wilshire Boulevard through the Westwood area Another view of the Westwood skyline Westwood is a district in western Los Angeles, California, not to be confused with Westwood, California. ... The current United Artists logo (a variant was used during the 1980s). ... Diners Club International, originally founded as Diners Club, was formed in 1950 by Frank X. McNamara, Ralph Schneider and Casey R. Taylor. ... Orthodox Judaism is the formulation of Judaism that adheres to a relatively strict interpretation and application of the laws and ethics first canonized in the Talmudic texts (The Oral Law) and as subsequently developed and applied by the later authorities known as the Gaonim, Rishonim, and Acharonim. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

On an episode of Public Radio International's This American Life that aired in June 2006, journalist Jonathan Gold described Abramoff as a high school bully. "He was the sort of person who would walk across the street to be unpleasant to somebody," Gold says, going on to describe how Abramoff knocked him and his cello down a flight of stairs.[1] PRI logo Public Radio International, or PRI, is a not-for-profit corporation based in the United States founded in 1983 to develop non-commercial audio programming for public radio and other audio venues. ... This American Life (TAL) is a weekly hour-long radio program produced by Chicago Public Radio. ... The violoncello, almost always abbreviated to cello, or cello (the c is pronounced as the ch in cheese), is a bowed stringed instrument, the lowest-sounding member of the violin family. ...

College and law school years

As an undergraduate at Brandeis University, Abramoff organized Massachusetts campuses for Reagan's 1980 presidential campaign. He graduated in 1981 and earned his JD at the Georgetown University Law Center in 1986. Brandeis University is a private university in Waltham, Massachusetts, United States. ... Presidential electoral votes by state. ... Doctor of Law or Doctor of Jurisprudence(J.D. or JD, from the Latin Juris Doctor) is a degree in law offered by universities in a number of countries. ... The schools original sign, preserved on the north quad of the present-day campus. ...

According to Nina J. Easton's book Gang of Five, Abramoff gained much of his credibility in the conservative movement through his father, Franklin Abramoff. As president of Diners Club, Abramoff's father worked closely with Alfred S. Bloomingdale, a personal friend of Ronald Reagan, and Abramoff would use the name in fundraising. Diners Club International, originally founded as Diners Club, was formed in 1950 by Frank X. McNamara, Ralph Schneider and Alfred Bloomingdale. ... Alfred Samuel Bloomingdale (April 15, 1916–August 23, 1982) was an heir to the Bloomingdales department store fortune, and the celebrated lover of a murdered Hollywood model. ... Ronald Wilson Reagan (February 6, 1911 – June 5, 2004) was the 40th President of the United States (1981–1989) and the 33rd Governor of California (1967–1975). ...

College Republican National Chairman

After graduating from Brandeis, Abramoff ran for election as chairman of the College Republican National Committee (CRNC). After a campaign managed by Grover Norquist which cost over $10,000, Abramoff won the election after the chief competitor, Amy Moritz (who later, as Amy Ridenour, became a founding director of the National Center for Public Policy Research, and was involved in several trips funded by Jack Abramoff), was convinced to drop out. Abramoff "changed the direction of the committee and made it more activist and conservative than ever before," notes the CRNC. "It is not our job to seek peaceful coexistence with the Left," Abramoff was quoted as saying in the group's 1983 annual report, "our job is to remove them from power permanently."^[6] Grover Glenn Norquist (born October 19, 1956) is the president of the noted anti-tax lobbying group Americans for Tax Reform, and a conservative activist. ... Amy Ridenour shown testifying before a hearing of the Senate Indian Affairs Committee on July 22, 2005, in regards to her involvement in the Jack Abramoff scandal. ... A listing of trips for politicians, lobbyists, and staffers funded by Jack Abramoff. ... Activism, in a general sense, can be described as involvement in action to bring about change, be it social, political, environmental, or other change. ... Leftism redirects here. ... 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Norquist served as executive director of the committee under Abramoff. Abramoff later recruited Ralph Reed, a former president of the University of Georgia College Republicans chapter, as an unpaid intern. Reed, still a young student, was invited to sleep on Abramoff’s couch. According to Reed's book Active Faith, Reed also introduced Abramoff to his future wife, Pam Alexander. Ralph Reed may refer to: Ralph E. Reed, Jr. ... The University of Georgia (UGA) is the largest institution of higher learning and research in the State of Georgia. ...

Long-standing college political alliances

At the CRNC, Abramoff developed political alliances with College Republican chapter presidents across the nation, many who would later hold roles in state and national politics and business, and some who would later interact with Abramoff as a lobbyist. Some of those relationships are at the core of the current federal investigation.

At the CRNC, Abramoff, Norquist and Reed formed what was known as the "Abramoff-Norquist-Reed triumvirate." After Abramoff's election, the trio purged "dissidents" and re-wrote the CRNC's bylaws to consolidate their control over the organization. According to Gang of Five (p. 142), Reed was the "hatchet man" and "carried out Abramoff-Norquist orders with ruthless efficiency, not bothering to hide his fingerprints."

In 1983 with Abramoff in control, the CRNC passed a resolution condemning "deliberate planted propaganda by the KGB and Soviet proxy forces" against the government of South Africa, at a time when the government of South Africa was under worldwide criticism for the Apartheid regime.^[7] A segregated beach in South Africa, 1982. ...

In 1984, Abramoff and other College Republicans formed the "USA Foundation", a non-partisan tax-exempt organization which held two days of rallies on college campuses around the United States celebrating the first anniversary of the invasion of Grenada. In a letter to campus Republican leaders, Abramoff claimed: Partisan may refer to: A member of a lightly-equipped irregular military force formed to oppose control of an area by a foreign power or by an army of occupation. ... Combatants United States Antigua and Barbuda Barbados Dominica Jamaica Saint Lucia Saint Vincent Grenada Cuba Strength 7,300 Grenada: 1,500 regulars Cuba: 600 (mostly engineers)[1] Casualties 19 killed; 116 wounded[2] Grenada: 45 military and at least 24 civilian deaths; 358 wounded. ...

"While the Student Liberation Day Coalition is nonpartisan and intended only for educational purposes, I don't need to tell you how important this project is to our efforts as [College Republicans]. I am confident that an impartial study of the contrasts between the Carter/Mondale failure in Iran and the Reagan victory in Grenada will be most enlightening to voters 12 days before the general election."^[8]

Citizens for America

In 1985, Abramoff joined Citizens for America, a pro-Reagan group that helped Oliver North build support for the Nicaraguan contras. Citizens for America staged an unprecedented meeting of anti-Communist rebel leaders known as the Democratic International in Jamba, Angola. This conference included leaders of the Mujahedeen from Afghanistan, UNITA from Angola, the Contras from Nicaragua, and opposition groups from Laos. Out of this largely ceremonial conference came the International Freedom Foundation. Abramoff helped to organize, and also attended the conference. Citizens for America is a conservative grass-roots group founded by drugstore magnate Lewis E. Lehrman. ... Lt-Col. ... The Contras (from the Spanish term La Contra, short for movement of the contrarrevolucionarios) were the armed opponents of Nicaraguas Sandinista Junta of National Reconstruction following the July 1979 overthrow of Anastasio Somoza Debayle (which ended the Somoza dynasty), and continuing throughout the following decade. ... The Democratic International, also known as the Jamba Jamboree, was a 1985 meeting of anti-communist global insurgents held at the headquarters of UNITA in the southeast Angolan city of Jamba, Angola. ... Jamba is a town in southeast Angola in the province of Huíla. ... Mujahideen (مجاهدين; also transliterated as mujāhidīn, mujahedeen, mujahedin, mujahidin, mujaheddin, etc. ... The União Nacional para a Independência Total de Angola (UNITA) is an Angolan political faction. ...

Abramoff's membership ended on a sour note when Citizens for America's sponsor Lewis Lehrman, a former New York gubernatorial candidate, concluded that Abramoff had spent his money carelessly. Lewis E. Lew Lehrman is a former executive of Rite Aid and conservative activist. ... NY redirects here. ...

Reagan appointment

In 1986, Abramoff was appointed by President Ronald Reagan as a member of the United States Holocaust Memorial Council.^[9] Exterior of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum viewed from 14th St. ...

In Hollywood

Abramoff spent ten years in Hollywood, and produced Red Scorpion, a low-budget action film with anti-communist themes, made in 1988 just after his term with the College Republicans ended. This movie was filmed in South-West Africa (now Namibia) and was funded in part by the apartheid regime in South Africa through the International Freedom Foundation, which Abramoff founded.^[10][11] ... Red Scorpion is a 1989 film starring Dolph Lundgren. ... This does not cite its references or sources. ... 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... South-West Africa is the former name (1884-1990) of Namibia under German (as German South-West Africa, Deutsch Süd-West Afrika) and (from 1915) South African administration when it was conquered from the Germans during World War I. Following the war, the Treaty of Versailles declared the territory... Petty apartheid: sign on Durban beach in English, Afrikaans and Zulu (1989) Apartheid (meaning separateness in Afrikaans cognate to English apart and -hood) was a system of racial segregation that was enforced in South Africa from 1948 to 1994. ...

April 27, 1998, Abramoff wrote a letter to the editor of The Seattle Times rebutting an article critical of Abramoff. He claimed, "The IFF was a conservative group which I headed. It was vigorously anti-Communist, but it was also actively anti-apartheid. … In 1987, it was one of the first conservative groups to call for the release of Nelson Mandela, a position for which it was roundly criticized by other conservatives at the time. While I headed the IFF, we accepted funding only from private individuals and corporations and would have absolutely rejected any offer of South African military funding, or any other kind of funding from any government—good or evil." April 27 is the 117th day of the year (118th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 248 days remaining. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean [1]. // Coated in ice, power and telephone lines sag and often break, resulting in power outages. ... The Seattle Times is the leading daily newspaper in Seattle, Washington, United States. ... 1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Mandela redirects here. ...

It was during his travels in South Africa that Abramoff first met South African-born rabbi David Lapin, who became his religious advisor, and David's brother and fellow rabbi Daniel Lapin, who allegedly introduced Abramoff to Congressman Tom DeLay (R-TX) at a Washington, DC dinner shortly after the Republican takeover of Congress in 1994.^[12] Lapin later claimed that he did not recall the introduction. David Lapin was born in South Africa to a Jewish family of Lithuanian descent. ... Daniel Lapin (born 1950?) is an American Orthodox rabbi living in Mercer Island, Washington, and the founder of Toward Tradition (a conservative Jewish-Christian organization). ... Thomas Dale DeLay (born April 8, 1947) is a former member of the United States House of Representatives from Sugar Land, Texas. ... Aerial photo (looking NW) of the Washington Monument and the White House in Washington, DC. Washington, D.C., officially the District of Columbia (also known as D.C.; Washington; the Nations Capital; the District; and, historically, the Federal City) is the capital city and administrative district of the United... The U.S. House election, 1994 was an election for the United States House of Representatives in 1994 which occurred in the middle of President Bill Clintons first term. ...

Lobbying

In December 1994, Abramoff was hired as a lobbyist at Preston Gates Ellis & Rouvelas Meeds LLP, the lobbying arm of Preston Gates & Ellis LLP, based in Seattle, WA. According to The Seattle Times in 1995, following the Republican takeover of Congress, partner Emanuel Rouvelas determined that the firm "didn't have a conservative, Christian Coalition Republican with strong ties to the new Republican leadership." For this reason the traditionally Democratic firm extended a job offer to Abramoff, who was described in a press release as having close ties to Newt Gingrich and Dick Armey. Preston Gates & Ellis, LLP, also known as Preston Gates, is a law firm, with offices in various cities across the US, as well as in Hong Kong. ... City nickname Emerald City City bird Great Blue Heron City flower Dahlia City mottos The City of Flowers The City of Goodwill City song Seattle, the Peerless City Mayor Greg Nickels County King County Area   - Total   - Land   - Water   - % water 369. ... The Republican Revolution refers to the success of Republican Party in the 1994 U.S. midterm elections, which resulted in a net gain of 54 seats in the House of Representatives, and a pickup of eight seats in the Senate. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Dick Armey on NBCs Meet the Press. ...

According to The Seattle Times, Abramoff used "Preston Gates as the launching pad for schemes of fraud and influence peddling that would play out on a larger scale" now becoming "one of the biggest lobbying scandals in a generation."^[13]

In 1995, Abramoff began representing Indian tribes with gambling interests. He became involved with the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians. One of Abramoff's first acts as a tribal gaming lobbyist was to defeat a Congressional bill to tax Indian casinos, sponsored by Reps. Bill Archer (R-TX) and Ernest Istook (R-OK). According to Washington Business Forward, a lobbying trade magazine, "Tom DeLay was a major factor in those victories, and the fight helped cement the alliance between the two men.^[14] DeLay has called Abramoff "one of his closest and dearest friends" 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... There are a number of people named Bill Archer: Bill Archer, a politician in the United States Bill Archer, a politician in Manitoba, Canada This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Ernest James Istook Jr. ...

Saipan and Northern Mariana Islands

Main article: Jack Abramoff CNMI scandal

Abramoff and his law firm were paid at least $6.7 million by the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) from 1995 to 2001, which may manufacture goods with the "Made in the USA" label but is not subject to U.S. labor and minimum wage laws. After Abramoff paid for Tom Delay and his staffers to go on trips to the CNMI, they crafted policy that extended exemptions from federal immigration and labor laws to the islands' industries. Abramoff also negotiated for a $1.2 million no-bid contract from the Marianas for 'promoting ethics in government' to be awarded to David Lapin, brother of Daniel Lapin. Abramoff also secretly funded a trip for James E. Clyburn (D-SC) and Bennie Thompson (D-MS). The Jack Abramoff CNMI scandal involves the efforts of Jack Abramoff, other lobbyists, and government officials to change and/or prevent Congressional action regarding the Commonwealth of the Northern Marianas Islands (CNMI) and businesses on the main island of Saipan. ... The Made in USA mark is a country of origin label indicating the product is all or virtually all made in the U.S. The label is regulated by the Federal Trade Commission. ... This article is in need of attention. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... James Enos Jim Clyburn (born July 21, 1940) is an American politician and a member of the United States House of Representatives for the 6th District of South Carolina. ... Rep. ...

Documentation also indicates that Abramoff's lobbying team helped prepare Rep. Ralph Hall's (R-TX) statements on the house floor in which he attacked the credibility of escaped teenaged sex worker "Katrina," in an attempt to discredit her testimony regarding the state of the sex slave industry on the island.^[15]

Later lobbying efforts involved mailings from a Ralph Reed marketing company to Christian conservative voters and bribery of Roger Stillwell, a Department of the Interior official who in 2006 pleaded guilty to accepting gifts from Abramoff. Roger Stillwell (b. ...

Naftasib

Executives of Naftasib, a Russian energy company, funneled almost $3.4 million to Abramoff and DeLay advisor Ed Buckham between 1997 and 2005. About $60,000 was spent on a trip to Russia in 1997 for Tom DeLay, Buckham, and Abramoff. In 1998, $1 million was sent to Buckham via his organization U.S. Family Network to "influence DeLay's vote in 1998 on legislation that helped make it possible for the IMF to bail out the faltering Russian economy." DeLay voted for the legislation. The money was funneled through the Dutch company Voor Huisen, the Bahamas company Chelsea Enterprises, and the London law firm James & Sarch Co.^[16][17] Edwin A. Buckham is an evangelical minister, former congressional staffer and lobbyist. ... A listing of trips for politicians, lobbyists, and staffers funded by Jack Abramoff. ... U.S. Family Network, Inc. ...

The executives involved, who met DeLay during the 1997 trip, were Marina Nevskaya and Alexander Koulakovsky. Nevskaya was also involved in Abramoff's support of an Israeli sniper school, as indicated by an email sent to Abramoff by an assistant to Marina Nevskaya detailing prices of thermal vision devices.^[18]

eLottery, Inc.

Main article: Internet Gambling Prohibition Act

In 1999, eLottery hired Abramoff to block the Internet Gambling Prohibition Act, which he did by enlisting the help of Ralph Reed, Jr., Grover Norquist, and Tom DeLay's former chief of staff, Tony Rudy.^[19] The Internet Gambling Prohibition Act (IGPA) was a 1999 bill in the US Senate to ban Internet gambling defeated, in large part, by the lobbying efforts of Jack Abramoff. ... The Internet Gambling Prohibition Act (IGPA) was a 1999 bill in the US Senate to ban Internet gambling defeated, in large part, by the lobbying efforts of Jack Abramoff. ... The Internet Gambling Prohibition Act (IGPA) was a 1999 bill in the US Senate to ban Internet gambling defeated, in large part, by the lobbying efforts of Jack Abramoff. ... Tony C. Rudy, with Ed Buckhams Alexander Strategy Group which shutdown January 9, 2006, served as Deputy Chief of Staff (and former counsel) to House Majority Leader Thomas D. DeLay (R-Texas) until 2001, when he took a job with Jack Abramoff. ...

Emails from 2000 show that Susan Ralston helped Jack Abramoff pass checks from eLottery to Lou Sheldon's Traditional Values Coalition (TVC) and also to Grover Norquist's Americans for Tax Reform (ATR), in route to Reed's company, Century Strategies.^[20][21] Susan Bonzon Ralston worked as an administrative assistant for Jack Abramoff and Ralph Reed before being hired in 2001 as the most senior assistant to Karl Rove in The West Wing of the White House. ... Rev. ... The Traditional Values Coalition is a Christian Right organization that claims to represent 43,000 conservative Christian churches throughout the United States of America. ... Americans for Tax Reform is an interest group seeking to reduce the overall level of taxation in the United States, at the federal, state and local level. ... Image:Ralph Reed. ...

Abramoff joins Greenberg Traurig

Main article: Team Abramoff

On January 8, 2001, Abramoff left Preston Gates to join the Government Relations division of the law firm of Greenberg Traurig, which once described him as "directly involved in the Republican party and conservative movement leadership structures" and "one of the leading fund raisers for the party and its congressional candidates." With the move to Greenberg Traurig, Abramoff took as much as $6 million dollars worth of client "work" from his old firm, including the Marianas Islands account. When asked in an interview why he moved to Greenberg Traurig, Abramoff replied "they have a dominant presence … This move is an excellent opportunity for me and my clients with the new Administration."^{[citation needed]} At Greenberg Traurig, Abramoff recruited a team of lobbyists known familiarly as "Team Abramoff". The team included many of his former employees from Preston Gates and former senior staffers of members of Congress. ‹ The template below has been proposed for deletion. ... January 8 is the 8th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Tribal lobbying

Main article: Jack Abramoff Indian lobbying scandal

Around the time he joined Greenberg Traurig, Abramoff's choice of lobbying clients changed to focus much more on Native American tribes. While Abramoff was a registered lobbyist for 51 clients while working at Preston Gates, with only 4 being tribes, Abramoff would eventually represent 24 clients for whom he was registered lobbyist at Greenberg Traurig, of which 7 were tribes. Native Americans are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States, including parts of Alaska. ...

Tyco Inc.

Former White House Deputy Counsel Timothy Flanigan left his job in December 2002 to work as General Counsel for Corporate and International Law at Tyco International. He immediately hired Abramoff to lobby Congress and the White House on matters relating to Tyco's Bermuda tax-exempt status.^[22] Flanigan stated to the Senate Judiciary Committee that Abramoff bragged that he could help Tyco avoid tax liability aimed at offshore companies because he "had good relationships with members of Congress."^[23] Timothy Elliott Flanigan (b. ... Tyco International Ltd. ... A tax exemption is an exemption to the tax law of a state or nation in which part of the taxes that would normally be collected from an individual or an organization are instead forgone. ... An offshore company is a company which does not conduct substantial business in its country of incorporation. ...

Tyco Inc. claimed in August 2005 that Abramoff had been paid $1.7 million for 'astroturfing', or the creation of a fake 'grassroots' campaign to oppose proposals to penalize US corporations registered abroad for tax reasons. The work allegedly was never performed, and most of the fee Tyco paid Abramoff to lobby against the legislation was "diverted to entities controlled by Mr. Abramoff".^[23] In politics and advertising, the term astroturfing describes formal public relations (PR) campaigns which seek to create the impression of being a spontaneous, grassroots behavior. ... A grassroots political movement is one driven by the constituents of a community. ...

Government of Malaysia

Abramoff's team also represented the government of Malaysia, and worked toward improving Malaysian relations with the United States, particularly with trade relations. Abramoff also reportedly wanted to spread his influence deep into the Muslim world through a front group called the Lexington Group.^[24] A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Turkish: Müslüman, Persian and Urdu: مسلمان, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of Islam. ...

Government of Sudan

According to the Los Angeles Times, Abramoff also met with the government of Sudan, offering a plan to deflect criticism from American Christian groups over the regime's alleged role in the Darfur conflict. Abramoff promised to enlist Ralph E. Reed, Jr., to assist, as well as starting a grass-roots campaign to improve the image of Sudan in America.^[25] The Los Angeles Times (also known as the LA Times) is a daily newspaper published in Los Angeles, California and distributed throughout the Western United States. ... Christians believe that Jesus is the mediator of the New Covenant (see Hebrews 8:6). ... Combatants factions of the SLA Justice & Equality Movement Janjaweed  Sudan Minnawi-faction of the SLA Commanders SLA: SalaBob and Sulaiman Gamos JEM: Ibrahim Khalil Janjaweed: ? Sudan: Omar al-Bashir SLA: Minni Minnawi Casualties 300,000 civilians killed (est. ... Ralph E. Reed, Jr. ...

Channel One News

Abramoff has been a lobbyist for the school TV news service Channel One News. From 1999 to 2003, Channel One retained him to ensure Congress did not block funds to their service. Not only did Channel One face frequent campaigns by political groups to persuade Congress to limit its presence in schools, but it also derived much of its advertising revenue from U.S. government sources, including the Office of National Drug Control Policy and military recruitment. Since Abramoff and Channel One parted ways, Channel One's advertising revenues have dropped substantially, but a cause-and-effect relationship would be difficult to establish.^[26] Channel One News is an exclusive television news program that reaches thousands of participating public and private secondary schools in the United States. ... The White House Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP), a component of the Executive Office of the President of the United States, was established in 1988 by the Anti-Drug Abuse Act. ...

Telecommunications firm

On October 18, 2005, The Washington Post reported that Bob Ney, as chair of the House Administration Committee, approved a 2002 license for an Israeli telecommunications company to install antennas for the House. The company, then Foxcom Wireless, an Israeli start-up telecommunications firm, (which has since moved headquarters from Jerusalem to Vienna, Va., and been renamed MobileAccess Networks) later paid Abramoff $280,000 for lobbying. It also donated $50,000 to the Capitol Athletic Foundation charity that Abramoff sometimes used to secretly pay for some of his lobbying activities.^[27] In Abramoff's plea agreement, Abramoff pled only to misrepresentation^{[citation needed]}, in Scanlon's plea agreement, the above was described as public corruption.^[28] October 18 is the 291st day of the year (292nd in leap years). ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Washington Post is the largest newspaper in Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States. ...

Access to the Bush Administration

Jack Abramoff was a member of the Bush Administration's 2001 Transition Advisory Team assigned to the Department of the Interior.^[29] Abramoff befriended the incoming Deputy Secretary of the Interior, J. Steven Griles. James Steven Griles (born December 13, 1947) is the Deputy Secretary for the U.S. Department of Interior. ...

The draft report of the House Government Reform Committee said the documents — largely Abramoff's billing records and e-mails — listed 485 lobbying contacts with White House officials over three years, including 10 with top Bush aide Karl Rove.

The report said that of the 485 contacts listed, 345 were described as meetings or other in-person contacts; 71 were described as phone conversations and 69 were e-mail exchanges. [2]

In the first 10 months of 2001, the Abramoff lobbying team logged almost 200 contacts with the new Administration.^[29] He may have used these senior level contacts to assist in his lobbying for Indian tribes concerning tribal gaming. The Department of the Interior has Federal regulatory authority over tribal affairs such as tribal recognition and gaming. From 2000 to 2003, six Indian tribes paid Abramoff over $80 million in lobbying fees.^[30]

The Department of the Interior Office of Insular Affairs has authority over policy and grants to US Territories such as the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI).^[31] This may have assisted him in lobbying for textile interests in the islands. U.S. Senator Conrad Burns (R-MT) and U.S. Rep and former House Majority Leader Tom DeLay also heavily lobbied the CNMI for opposing the minimum wage.^[32][33] Conrad Ray Burns (born January 25, 1935) is the junior United States Senator from Montana. ...

According to an article published in the New York Times on November 10, 2005, Abramoff asked for $9 million in 2003 from the president of the African nation of Gabon, Omar Bongo to arrange a meeting with President Bush and directed his fees to an Abramoff-controlled lobbying firm, GrassRoots Interactive.^[34] Bongo did meet with President Bush in the Oval Office on May 26, 2004.^[34] There has been no evidence in the public record that Abramoff had any role in organizing the meeting or that he received any money or had a signed contract with Gabon.^[34] The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... November 10 is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 51 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... GrassRoots Interactive (GRI), now defunct, was a small Silver Springs, Maryland, lobbying firm controlled by Jack Abramoff. ... May 26 is the 146th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (147th in leap years). ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

White House and State Department officials described Mr. Bush's meeting with President Bongo, whose government is regularly accused by the United States of human rights abuses, as routine.^[34] The officials said they knew of no involvement by Mr. Abramoff in the arrangements. Officials at Gabon's embassy in Washington did not respond to written questions.^[34]

Susan Ralston, Special Assistant to the President and Assistant to the Senior Advisor Karl Rove since 2001, previously worked as an administrative assistant for both Jack Abramoff and Ralph Reed.^[30][35]

According to former Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad, Abramoff was paid $1.2 million to arrange a meeting between Mahathir and president George W. Bush, allegedly at the direction of the Heritage Foundation. Mahathir insisted that someone unknown to him had paid for the meeting.^[36] Mahathir bin Mohamad (born December 20, 1925 in Alor Star, Kedah) was the Prime Minister of Malaysia from July 16, 1981 to 2003. ... The Heritage Foundation is a public policy research institute based in Washington, D.C., in the United States. ...

On May 9, 2001, Chief Raul Garza of the Kickapoo tribe of Texas met with President Bush, with Jack Abramoff and Grover Norquist in attendance. Abramoff was identified in the background of a photo taken at the meeting.^[37] Days before the meeting, the tribe paid $25,000 to Grover Norquist's Americans for Tax Reform at Abramoff's direction. According to the organization's communications director, John Kartch, the meeting was one of several gatherings with President Bush sponsored by ATR. On the same day, the chief of the Louisiana Coushattas also attended an ATR-sponsored gathering with President Bush. The Coushattas also gave $25,000 to ATR soon before the event. For the Tenacious D song, see Kickapoo. ...

The details of the Kickapoo meeting and a letter dated May 10, 2001 from ATR thanking the Kickapoos for their contribution were revealed to the New York Times in 2006 by former council elder Isidro Garza, who with Raul Garza (no relation), is under indictment in Texas for embezzling tribal money. According to Isidro Garza, Abramoff did not say the donation was required to meet the president; the White House denied any knowledge of the transaction.^[38]

Other photos have surfaced of Jack Abramoff and President Bush meeting at the White House and Oval Office on either December 22 or 23, 2002. The photos were found on a site that published many pictures of governmental events, ReflectionsOrders.com. The owner of the site removed the photos almost immediately when the presence of Abramoff and Bush together was discovered. Some internet users located the photos and preserved copies of some of them.^[39] The owner of the site gave thousands of dollars to the Bush campaign and Republican National Committee, according to public FEC contribution records.^[40] Bush/Cheney, 2004 campaign manager Ken Mehlman is the current chairman of the RNC. The Republican National Committee (RNC) provides national leadership for the Republican Party of the United States. ...

An NPR news report from March 2006 stated that: "...Abramoff recently granted a rare press interview to Vanity Fair magazine, where he asserts President Bush and other prominent figures in Washington know him very well. He called them liars for denying contact with him" [3].

Possible foreknowledge of the Iraq War

Jack Abramoff has indicated that he knew that the US would invade Iraq before the American public did. On March 18, 2002, Jack Abramoff told a friend, known as Octagon1, that "I was sitting with Karl Rove, Bush's top advisor, at the NCAA basketball game, discussing Israel when [your] email came in. I showed it to him. It seems that the President was very sad to have to come out negatively regarding Israel but that they needed to mollify the Arabs for the upcoming war on Iraq. That did not seem to work anyway. Bush seems to love Sharon and Israel, and thinks Arabfat [sic] is nothing but a liar. I thought I'd pass that on."^[41] This was written before the Downing Street memo, the Bush-Blair memo, and Niger uranium documents forgery were written. This was also before the Office of Special Plans and the White House Iraq Group were created. This was before Congress authorized Bush the authority to invade Iraq with the Joint Resolution to Authorize the Use of United States Armed Forces Against Iraq. Karl Rove Karl Christian Rove (born December 25, 1950) is Deputy Chief of Staff to President George W. Bush. ... For other uses, see Iraq war (disambiguation). ... This article is about the Palestinian leader. ... Wikisource has original text related to this article: Downing Street memo The Downing Street memo (occasionally DSM), sometimes described by critics of the Iraq War as the smoking gun memo, contains an overview of a secret 23 July 2002 meeting among United Kingdom Labour government, defence and intelligence figures, discussing... In a leaked memo George Bush told Tony Blair in a two hour meeting, on 31 January 2003, that he was planning to paint a U-2 spyplane in UN colours and let it fly low over Iraq to provoke Saddam to shoot it down. ... Wikisource has original text related to this article: Niger documents The Niger uranium documents refers to falsified classified documents initially uncovered by Italian intelligence which depicted an attempt by Iraqs Saddam Hussein regime to purchase yellowcake uranium from the country of Niger during the Iraq disarmament crisis. ... Please wikify (format) this article as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... The White House Iraq Group (aka, White House Information Group or WHIG) was the marketing arm of the Republican Party whose purpose was to sell the 2003 invasion of Iraq to the public. ... NOONE CARES Headline text The Joint Resolution to Authorize the Use of United States Armed Forces Against Iraq (H.J.Res. ...

Signatures, skyboxes, and Scotland

Signatures restaurant, in the Penn Quarter neighborhood of Washington, D.C., once owned by Jack Abramoff, is under new ownership and will be renamed.

In addition to offering many Republican members of Congress free meals at his expensive restaurant, Signatures, Abramoff maintained four skyboxes at major sports arenas for political entertaining at a cost of over $1 million a year. Abramoff hosted many fundraisers at these skyboxes including events for politicians publicly opposed to gambling, such as John Doolittle.^[42] Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1765x1273, 922 KB) Summary Signatures restaurant, once owned by Jack Abramoff, is located on Pennsylvania Avenue, in the Penn Quarter neighborhood of Washington, D.C. Dinner at Signatures can run $50-70 per person. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1765x1273, 922 KB) Summary Signatures restaurant, once owned by Jack Abramoff, is located on Pennsylvania Avenue, in the Penn Quarter neighborhood of Washington, D.C. Dinner at Signatures can run $50-70 per person. ... Penn Quarter is a section of the Downtown area of Washington, D.C., located just north of Pennsylvania Avenue, halfway between the White House and the U.S. Capitol Building. ... Signatures restaurant, in the Penn Quarter neighborhood of Washington, D.C., once owned by Jack Abramoff, is under new ownership and will be renamed. ... This page is about the politician; for the fictional animal doctor, see Doctor Dolittle. ...

DeLay, Ney and Florida Republican Representative Tom Feeney have each gone on golf trips to Scotland that were apparently arranged or funded by Abramoff. These trips took place in 2000, 2002, and 2003. Ney and Feeney each claimed that their trips were paid for by the National Center for Public Policy Research, but the group denied this. Spokespeople for Ney and Feeney blamed others for filing errors. Ney later pleaded guilty to knowing that Abramoff had paid for the trip. Thomas Charles Feeney III, usually known as Tom Feeney (born May 21, 1958), is a Republican politician from the state of Florida. ...

A former top procurement official in the Bush administration, David H. Safavian, has been convicted of lying and obstruction of justice in connection with the Abramoff investigation. Safavian, who traveled to Scotland with Reed and Ney on a golf outing arranged by Abramoff, was accused of concealing from federal investigators that Abramoff was seeking to do business with the General Services Administration at the time of the golf trip—in particular, seeking help finding property for his private religious school Eshkol Academy and for one of his tribal clients. Safavian was then GSA chief of staff.^[43] David Hossein Safavian (suh-FAY-vee-an) was chief of staff of the United States General Services Administration (GSA), the procurement arm of the U.S. federal government and in 2004, an employee of the Office of Management and Budget. ...

Overview of criminal and political investigations

Indian tribes grand jury investigations

Main article: Jack Abramoff Indian lobbying scandal

Abramoff on the cover of the January 16, 2006 issue of TIME magazine after pleading guilty earlier that month.

Abramoff and his partner Michael Scanlon (a former Tom DeLay aide) conspired to bill Indian casino gambling interests out of an estimated $85 million in fees. The lobbyists also orchestrated lobbying against their own clients in order to force them to pay for lobbying services. These practices were the subject both of long-running criminal prosecution and hearings by the Senate Indian Affairs Committee. This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... Image File history File links Time_Cover_Abramoff. ... Image File history File links Time_Cover_Abramoff. ... January 16 is the 16th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... (Clockwise from upper left) Time magazine covers from May 7, 1945; July 25, 1969; December 31, 1999; September 14, 2001; and April 21, 2003. ... Michael Scanlon is a former communications director for Rep. ... In 1987 the U.S. Supreme Court recognized that as sovereign political entities, Native American tribes could operate gaming facilities free of state regulation. ... The United States Senate Committee on Indian Affairs is responsible for dealing with matters related to the American Indian, Native Hawaiian, and Alaska Native peoples. ...

On November 21, 2005 Scanlon pleaded guilty to conspiring to bribe a member of Congress and other public officials.

On January 3, 2006, Abramoff pled guilty to three felony counts, conspiracy, fraud, and tax evasion, involving charges stemming principally from his lobbying activities in Washington on behalf of Native American tribes. In addition, Abramoff and other defendants must make restitution of at least $25 million that was defrauded from clients, primarily the Native American tribes. Further, Abramoff owes the Internal Revenue Service $1.7 million as a result of his guilty plea to the tax evasion charge. In the agreement, Abramoff admits to bribing public officials, including Bob Ney, a Republican congressman from Ohio.^[44] Also included: the hiring of congressional staffers and conspiring with them to lobby their former employers—including members of Congress—in violation of a one-year federal ban on such lobbying.^[45] January 3 is the 3rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... Robert William Bob Ney (born July 5, 1954) is an American politician from the U.S. state of Ohio. ...

Later in 2006 Abramoff lobbyists Neil Volz (Ney's former chief of staff) and Tony Rudy pleaded guilty to conspiracy charges; in September 2006 Bob Ney himself pleaded guilty to conspiracy and making false statements. ‹ The template below has been proposed for deletion. ...

SunCruz Casinos fraud conviction

Main article: SunCruz Casinos

On August 11, 2005, Abramoff and his partner, Adam Kidan, were indicted by a federal grand jury in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, on fraud charges arising from a 2000 deal to buy SunCruz Casinos from Konstantinos "Gus" Boulis. Abramoff and Kidan are accused of using a fake wire transfer to make lenders believe that they had made a $23 million down payment, in order to qualify for a $60 million loan.^[46] Kidan received the same sentence as Abramoff, 5-years, 10-months, which he began serving at Fort Dix Federal Penetentiary, in Fort Dix, New Jersey, on October 23, 2006. SunCruz Casinos is one of many cruise lines that offer cruises to nowhere, taking passengers into international waters out of reach of the federal and state gambling laws. ... Adam Kidan is a former business associate of indicted lobbyist Jack Abramoff, who partnered with Abramoff in the purchase of SunCruz Casinos. ... This article is about the year 2000. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... A wire transfer is an electronic transfer of funds. ... Fort Dix is a census-designated place located in Burlington County, New Jersey. ...

Congressman Bob Ney also was implicated in helping to consummate the deal.

After the partners purchased SunCruz in September 2000, the business relationship with Boulis deteriorated, culminating in a fistfight between Kidan and Boulis in December 2000. In February 2001 Boulis was murdered in his car in a mob style attack.

The murder investigation, which presently includes three mobsters who had received payments from Kidan, is ongoing. Two of the suspects face the death penalty. SunCruz is now owned and operated by Oceans Casinos Cruises.

On March 29, 2006, Abramoff and co-defendant Kidan were both sentenced in the SunCruz case to the minimum amount, 70 months, and to pay US$21.7 million in restitution. According to the "memorandum in aid of sentencing", the sentencing judge, U.S. District Judge Paul C. Huck, received over 260 pleas for leniency from various people, including "rabbis, military officers and even a professional hockey referee."^[47] The defendants are still cooperating with federal investigators and will be sentenced later in the Indian lobbying case. March 29 is the 88th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (89th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... Paul C. Huck is a United States District Judge for the Southern District of Florida. ...

On November 15, 2006, Abramoff began serving his term in the minimum-security prison camp of Federal Correctional Institution, Cumberland as inmate number 27593-112. The Justice Department requested that he serve his sentence there so as to be accessible to agents in Washington for cooperation as the investigation related to his associates intensifies.^[48] November 15 is the 319th day of the year (320th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 46 days remaining. ... Federal Correctional Institution, Cumberland in Cumberland, Maryland is a federal prison that houses medium security male offenders. ...

Guam grand jury investigation

Main article: Jack Abramoff Guam investigation

In 2002, Abramoff was retained under a secret contract by the Guam Superior Court to lobby against a bill proposing to put the Superior Court under the authority of the Guam Supreme Court. On Nov. 18, 2002, a grand jury issued a subpoena demanding that the administrator of the Guam Superior Court release all records relating to the contract. On Nov. 19, 2002, U.S. Attorney Frederick A. Black, the chief prosecutor for Guam and the instigator of the indictment, was unexpectedly demoted and removed from the office he had held since 1991. The federal grand jury investigation was quickly wound down and took no further action. In 2005, Public Auditor Doris Flores Brooks initiated a new investigation of the Abramoff contract which is continuing. The Jack Abramoff Guam investigation involves an alleged plot by lobbyist Jack Abramoff and others to control the functions of the courts in Guam. ... In the United States, the state supreme court (known by various names in various states) is the highest state court in the state court system. ... It has been suggested that Executive Office for United States Attorneys be merged into this article or section. ...

Abramoff organizations

Abramoff has founded or run several non-profit organizations, including Capital Athletic Foundation and Eshkol Academy; as well as lobbying firms and political think tanks such as American International Center, GrassRoots Interactive, and the National Center for Public Policy Research. While these organizations had varying degrees of legitimate activities, it has come to light that Abramoff used these organizations to channel millions of dollars to recipients not related to the organizations. Abramoff ...

Capital Athletic Foundation and Eshkol Academy

Main articles: Capital Athletic Foundation, Eshkol Academy

Although Federal tax records show that various Indian tribes donated more than $6 million to the Capital Athletic Foundation, less than 1% of the money went to athletic programs, the stated purpose of the foundation. The majority of the funds went to the Eshkol Academy in Maryland, an Orthodox Jewish school founded by Abramoff in 2002. Hundreds of thousands of dollars from CAF were also spent on golf trips to Scotland for Abramoff, Bob Ney, Ralph Reed, and David Safavian, as well as purchases of Camping and outdoors equipment sent to a high school friend. Abramoff solicited Safavian's help in looking for property deals for Eshkol Academy and tribal clients, leading to Safavian's conviction.^[49][50] A 501c(3) charity founded in 2000 by Jack Abramoff for needy and deserving sportsmanship programs. ... Eshkol Academy was an Orthodox Jewish school in Maryland that existed from 2002 to 2004 The school was founded by Jack Abramoff. ... David Hossein Safavian (suh-FAY-vee-an) was chief of staff of the United States General Services Administration (GSA), the procurement arm of the U.S. federal government and in 2004, an employee of the Office of Management and Budget. ...

GrassRoots Interactive and Kay Gold

Main article: GrassRoots Interactive

GrassRoots Interactive, now defunct, was a small Silver Spring, Maryland, lobbying firm controlled by Jack Abramoff. Millions of dollars flowed into GrassRoots Interactive in 2003, the year it was created, and then flowed out again to unusual places. At least $2.3 million went to a California consulting firm that used the same address as the law office of Abramoff's brother, Robert. A separate check for $400,000, from GrassRoots, was made out to Kay Gold LLC, another Abramoff family company.^[51] GrassRoots Interactive (GRI), now defunct, was a small Silver Springs, Maryland, lobbying firm controlled by Jack Abramoff. ...

See also

• Category:Jack Abramoff scandals
• Jack Abramoff timeline
• List of trips funded by Jack Abramoff

This article belongs in one or more categories. ... A listing of trips for politicians, lobbyists, and staffers funded by Jack Abramoff. ...

Footnotes

Some of this article was originally derived from material at SourceWatch ([4]), available under the GNU Free Documentation License. SourceWatchs logo features a magnifying glass through which its name can be seen. ... GNU logo (similar in appearance to a gnu) The GNU Free Documentation License (GNU FDL or simply GFDL) is a copyleft license for free content, designed by the Free Software Foundation (FSF) for the GNU project. ...

Cited notes and references

January 3 is the 3rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... CBS News is the news division of American television and radio network CBS. Its current president is Sean McManus who is also head of CBS Sports. ... January 4 is the 4th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... May 31 is the 151st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (152nd in leap years), with 214 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... May 27 is the 147th day (148th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 218 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 7 is the 38th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 15 is the 227th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (228th in leap years), with 138 days remaining. ... A screenshot of TPMs old format Joshua Micah Marshall (born February 15, 1969 in St. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 24 is the 55th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Categories: Stub | 1969 births | Bloggers ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... May 31 is the 151st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (152nd in leap years), with 214 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... May 31 is the 151st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (152nd in leap years), with 214 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... September 24 is the 267th day of the year (268th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... September 23 is the 266th day of the year (267th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... April 6 is the 96th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (97th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... January 10 is the 10th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Commercial alert is an organisation co-founded by Ralph Nader. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... October 18 is the 291st day of the year (292nd in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Screenshot from The Smoking Gun The Smoking Gun is a website that posts legal documents, arrest records, and police mugshots on a daily basis. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... November 21 is the 325th day of the year (326th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... The Associated Press, or AP, is an American news agency, the worlds largest such organization. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... May 6 is the 126th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (127th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... December 29 is the 363rd day of the year (364th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 2 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... The World Factbook 2007 (government edtion) cover. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 8 is the 220th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (221st in leap years), with 145 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... April 6 is the 96th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (97th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... November 10 is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 51 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... This article is about the magazine. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... January 9 is the 9th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 21 is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Lowell Bergman was a television producer for the CBS news magazine 60 Minutes and is best known for investigating the tobacco industry, and specifically utilizing scientist Jeffrey Wigand of Brown & Williamson as a source. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... January 26 is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... The Rutland Herald is the second largest daily newspaper in Vermont, USA. With a weekly circulation of just over 20,000, it is the main source of news geared towards the southern part of the state, along with the Brattleboro Reformer. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... June 28 is the 179th day of the year (180th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 186 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... November 26 is the 330th day (331st on leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... The Columbus Dispatch is a daily newspaper, based in Columbus, Ohio, that serves the central portion of the state. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... January 4 is the 4th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... January 3 is the 3rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... August 19 is the 231st day of the year (232nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... A jurist is a professional who studies, develops, applies or otherwise deals with the law. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... March 29 is the 88th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (89th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 4 is the 247th day of the year (248th in leap years). ... The Hill is a non-partisan, non-ideological newspaper published in Washington, D.C.. It is written for and about the U.S. Congress. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... June 23 is the 174th day of the year (175th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 191 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Michael Isikoff is an investigative journalist for the US-based magazine Newsweek. ... The Newsweek logo Newsweek is a weekly news magazine published in New York City and distributed throughout the United States and internationally. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... May 2 is the 122nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (123rd in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ...

Uncited references

• Bolton, Alexander. Ney sets up defense fund on Abramoff, The Hill
• Roche, Walter F.. "Bush removal ended Guam investigation", The Boston Globe, August 8, 2005.
• Byrne, John. Abramoff, lobbyists linked to troubled multibillion-dollar Homeland Security contract, rawstory.com. Accessed February 3, 2006.
• How many conservative columnists did Jack Abramoff rent for his clients?, Media Matters for America. Accessed February 3, 2006.
• Kurtz, Howard and Babcock, Charles R. "Two 'Nonpolitical' Foundations Push Grenada Rallies", The Washington Post, October 4, 1984.
• Taibbi, Matt, "Meet Mr. Republican: Jack Abramoff, Rolling Stone, March 24, 2006
• A Jackpot From Indian Gaming Tribes, Washington Post, February 22, 2004.
• Jack Abramoff at the Internet Movie Database
• Abramoff's secret 20 mil
• Abramoff may strike deal with prosecutors; Plea could mean lobbyist would implicate members of Congress, MSNBC, December 21, 2005
• www.jackinthehouse.org
• "A Lobbyist in Full" New York Times, May 1, 2005.
• Transcript of PBS NOW episode with snippets of Senate Indian case testimony
• Abramoff's associations with various organizations
• Sen. Ben Nighthorse Campbell's statement on Abramoff
• Committee on Indian Affairs hearing transcript
• A Look at Jack Abramoff's Ties to the South Pacific Island of Saipan... from Democracy Now
• "Committee Asks Justice Dept. To Broaden Inquiry of Lobbyist" New York Times.
• "Democrats Also Got Tribal Donations" Washington Post
• List of Jack Abramoff’s top six associates
• "Lobbyist, rabbi talk of tricking the Cosmos"
• "Abramoff in Court on Charges of Fraud", Financial Times, August 12, 2005.
• Abramoff's Federal Campaign Contributions, NewsMeat.com
• Abramoff Tied to Dorgan Donation, Tribe Says, Yahoo News
  • Dorgan's Response
• Abramoff, Scanlon and the Influence of Money -- on Fresh Air/NPR with Terry Gross
• Op-Eds for Sale, Business Week
• Abramoff and al-Arian: Lobbyist's "Charity" a Front for Terrorism Informed Comment
• The Jack Abramoff Story collected news and analysis from the Washington Post
• Copy of January 4, 2006, plea agreement
• Copy of January 3, 2006, plea agreement
• Cleveland Plain Dealer, Jan 15 2006, "What you should know about Abramoff case" Excellent, simplified, summary. Good intro to the situation.
• "Roots of a lobbyist", The Boston Globe, January 15, 2006.
• Indian Affairs panel hears 'tale of betrayal' The Hill
• "Case Bringing New Scrutiny To a System and a Profession", Washington Post, January 4, 2006, p. A01.
• Miami judge refuses to delay sentencing for lobbyist Abramoff Sun Sentinel March 6, 2006
• 'Dear Judge': Religion-tinged Letters Praise Good Deeds of Felon Lobbyist, Forward April 7, 2006

. The Hill is a mostly Italian-American neighborhood within Saint Louis, Missouri, located on high ground south of the River des Peres and Interstate 44. ... August 8 is the 220th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (221st in leap years), with 145 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... February 3 is the 34th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 3 is the 34th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... October 4 is the 277th day of the year (278th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1984 (MCMLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A Photograph of Matt Taibbi Matt Taibbi (b. ... March 24 is the 83rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (84th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... ... February 22 is the 53rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Internet Movie Database (IMDb) is an online database of information about motion pictures, actors, movie stars, TV shows, TV stars, production crew personnel, movie pictures, cast, crew as well as video games. ... MSNBC, a combination of MSN and NBC, is a 24-hour cable news channel in the United States and Canada, and a news website. ... Democracy Now! is an independent, award-winning news and opinion radio program airing on over 300 stations across North America every weekday, as well as both satellite television networks. ... January 15 is the 15th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... January 4 is the 4th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... The Fort Lauderdale Sun-Sentinel is the main daily newspaper of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, and all of Broward County. ... March 6 is the 65th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (66th in Leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ...

External links

Wikisource has original text related to this article:

Abramoff Senate Indian Affairs Documents

Image File history File links Wikisource-logo. ... The original Wikisource logo. ...

Research/media

• "The Fast Rise and Steep Fall of Jack Abramoff: How a Well-Connected Lobbyist Became the Center of a Far-Reaching Corruption Scandal", The Washington Post, December 29, 2005, page A1.
• "Abramoff Pleads Guilty to Three Counts: Lobbyist to Testify About Lawmakers in Corruption Probe, The Washington Post, January 4, 2006, page A1.
• Capitol Crimes. Abramoff, Inc. Bill Moyers PBS documentary series Moyers on America
• A Swashbuckling Spectacle of Corruption - Bill Moyers Investigates Abramoff Lobbying Scandal streaming video, mp3, transcript
• Jack Abramoff's CV "Jack is directly involved in the Republican party and conservative movement leadership structures"
• Profile of Jack Abramoff, Notable Names DataBase.
• SourceWatch profile of Jack Abramoff
• Jack Abramoff--MSNBC Interactive connections
• SourceWatch/Center for Media & Democracy - many useful links to documents and articles
• Barry Yeoman, Fall of a True Believer, Mother Jones

Bill Moyers Bill D. Moyers (born June 5, 1934 as Billy Don Moyers) is an American journalist and public commentator. ... Not to be confused with Public Broadcasting Services in Malta. ...

Photograph

• The long-denied photo of Jack Abramoff and George W. Bush

Opinion/blogs

• Jack Abramoff's connections, Political Friendster.
• Jack in the House: How Abramoff bought the Congress
• Super Lobbyist, by Scott Adams
• Abramoff -- His Crimes and Connections to Public Figures
• Abramoff donations a “windfall” for Charities
• Washington sleazebag Connections
• Abramoff’s network of illicit finances and phony charities