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Map of the West Bank, with Jenin in the north. The West Bank and the Gaza Strip make up the Palestinian territories.

Jenin (Arabic: جنين (help· info), Hebrew: ג'נין), a city on the West Bank, is a major Palestinian agricultural center. Jenin also refers to the adjoining Jenin Refugee Camp and is the name of the surrounding district within the West Bank. Although designated as being under the administration of the Palestinian Authority, Israel recaptured the city after Operation Defensive Shield in 2002. Image File history File links Please see the file description page for further information. ... Categories: Hebrew Bible/Tanakh-related stubs | Hebrew Bible/Tanakh places | Palestine ... Download high resolution version (330x715, 22 KB)Replacement map of the West Bank from CIA Factbook - public domain This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... This article is about the Palestinian territories as a geopolitical phenomenon. ... Arabic ( or just ), is the largest member of the family of Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family (classification: South Central Semitic) and is closely related to Hebrew, Amharic, and Aramaic. ... Image File history File links ArJenin. ... Hebrew redirects here. ... The term Palestinian has other usages, for which see definitions of Palestinian. ... The West Bank The Palestinian National Authority (PNA or PA) is a semi-autonomous state institution nominally governing the bulk of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip (which it calls the Palestinian Territories). It was established as a part of Oslo accords between the PLO and Israel. ... Operation Defensive Shield (In Hebrew, מבצע חומת מגן) was a large-scale military operation conducted by the Israeli Defence Forces in April 2002. ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ...

Demographics

According to projections based on a 1997 census, the city of Jenin has a population of 34,000 Palestinians. The Jenin refugee camp housed approximately 13,000 refugees, according to UNRWA (United Nations Relief and Works Agency) on 373 dunams (373,000 m²). Some 42.3% of the population of the camp is under the age of fifteen. The population of the entire Jenin district is over 250,000. [1] The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) was established to provide assistance to Palestinian refugees. ... A dunam or dönüm, dunum, donum is a unit of area. ...

Geography

The city of Jenin overlooks both the Jordan Valley to the east and the Marj Ibn Amer (Jezreel Valley) to the north. Jenin is thought to be the site of the Israelite village of Ein Gannim (עין גנים), mentioned in the Bible (See also: Anem).^{[citation needed]} Categories: Hebrew Bible/Tanakh-related stubs | Hebrew Bible/Tanakh places | Palestine ...

Features

One of the city's quarters is an official United Nations refugee camp housing mostly the descendants of Arab refugees from the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. It has long been a center of Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Combatants  Israel Egypt Syria Transjordan  Lebanon Saudi Arabia Iraq Holy War Army Arab Liberation Army Commanders Yaakov Dori Yigael Yadin Glubb Pasha Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni† Hasan Salama Fawzi al-Qawuqji Strength 29,677 initially–108,300 by December 1948 Egypt: 10,000 initially rising to 20,000 Iraq... The Israeli-Palestinian conflict, a part of the greater Arab-Israeli conflict, is an ongoing dispute between the State of Israel and Palestinian people. ...

The city includes the Martyr Doctor Khalil Suleiman Hospital. Khalil Suleiman (1943/1944–14 March 2002) was a doctor in Jenin in the West Bank in Palestine. ...

History

Jenin was known in ancient times as the Biblical village of En-gannim (Biblical Hebrew עֵין־גַּנִּים ʻĒn-Gannīm, "gardens' spring"), a city of the Levites of the Tribe of Issachar. The modern Arabic name Jenin ultimately derives from this ancient name. In the 20th century C.E., the State of Israel built a nearby Israeli settlement, Ganim, also named after the ancient village. This settlement was evacuated in August 2005 as part of Israel's unilateral disengagement plan. 11th century manuscript of the Hebrew Bible with Targum This article discusses usage of the term Hebrew Bible. For the article on the Hebrew Bible itself, see Tanakh. ... Categories: Language stubs | Judaism-related stubs | Canaanite languages | Hebrew language ... In the Jewish tradition, a Levite (לוי Attached, Standard Hebrew Levi, Tiberian Hebrew Lēwî) is a member of the Hebrew tribe of Levi. ... The Tribe of Issachar (יִשָּׂשׁכָר Reward; recompense, Standard Hebrew Yissaḫar, Tiberian Hebrew Yiśśâḵār) is one of the Hebrew tribes, which the Bible claims was founded by Issachar son of Jacob. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999... CE may stand for: Capillary electrophoresis Civil Engineer (Engineers degree in civil engineering) Civil engineering Common Era (this year is 2005 CE) Communauté Européenne (French for European Community) the CE logo is a stylized CE placed on products to signify conformance with European Union regulations Computer engineering Concord... Map of Israeli settlements (magenta) in the West Bank. ... August is the eighth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Israels unilateral disengagement plan (termed in Hebrew: תוכנית ההתנתקות Tokhnit HaHitnatkut or תכנית ההינתקות Tokhnit HaHinatkut in the Disengagement Plan Implementation Law), also known as the disengagement plan, Gaza Pull-Out plan, and Hitnatkut) was a proposal by Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon, adopted by the government and enacted in August 2005, to...

Jenin was a center of civil unrest during the 1936-1939 Arab revolt in Palestine; in particular, it was the base of Arab militant activity, Sheikh Izz ad-Din al-Qassam (whom the Hamas military wing is named after). It was also used by Fawzi al-Qawuqji's partisans. An uprising during the British mandate by Palestinian Arabs in Palestine which lasted from 1936 to 1939. ... For other uses, see Arab (disambiguation). ... -1... Hamas (Arabic: ‎; acronym: Arabic: ‎, or Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiyya or Islamic Resistance Movement; the Arabic acronym means zeal) is a Palestinian Sunni Islamist organization that currently (since January 2006) forms the majority party of the Palestinian National Authority. ... Fawzi Al-Qawuqji (1890-1977) was an Iraqi soldier who commanded the Arab Liberation Army (or Arab Salvation Army) in the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. ...

In the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, the city was occupied by Iraqi forces, then captured briefly by forces of Israeli Karmeli Brigade during the "10 Days' fighting" following the cancellation of the first cease-fire. The offensive was actually a feint designed to draw Arab forces away from the critical Siege of Jerusalem, and gains in that sector were quickly abandoned when Arab reinforcements arrived. Combatants  Israel Egypt Syria Transjordan  Lebanon Saudi Arabia Iraq Holy War Army Arab Liberation Army Commanders Yaakov Dori Yigael Yadin Glubb Pasha Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni† Hasan Salama Fawzi al-Qawuqji Strength 29,677 initially–108,300 by December 1948 Egypt: 10,000 initially rising to 20,000 Iraq... Three sieges have the name Siege of Jerusalem: The Siege of Jerusalem in 701 BC by Sennacherib, fighting a revolt against the Assyrian Empire The Siege of Jerusalem in AD 70 by Titus, ending the Great Jewish Revolt The Siege of Jerusalem in 1099 by the crusaders, a part of...

The Jenin refugee camp was founded in 1953 to house Palestinians who fled or were expelled from their native villages and towns in the areas that became the Israeli territory during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. Combatants  Israel Egypt Syria Transjordan  Lebanon Saudi Arabia Iraq Holy War Army Arab Liberation Army Commanders Yaakov Dori Yigael Yadin Glubb Pasha Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni† Hasan Salama Fawzi al-Qawuqji Strength 29,677 initially–108,300 by December 1948 Egypt: 10,000 initially rising to 20,000 Iraq...

For 19 years, the city was under Jordanian control; it was then captured by the Peled division of the IDF on the first day of the Six-Day War of 1967. The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) (Hebrew: צבא ×”×’× ×” לישראל  , [Army] Force for the Defense of Israel), often abbreviated with the Hebrew acronym צהל Tsahal, alternative English spelling Tzahal, is the name of Israels military forces, comprising the Israeli Army, the Israeli Air Force and the Israeli Navy. ... Combatants Israel Egypt Syria Jordan Iraq Commanders Yitzhak Rabin, Moshe Dayan, Uzi Narkiss, Israel Tal, Mordechai Hod, Ariel Sharon Abdel Hakim Amer, Abdul Munim Riad, Zaid ibn Shaker, Hafez al-Assad Strength 264,000 (incl. ... 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar (the link is to a full 1967 calendar). ...

Conflict years

The city was handed over by Israel to the control of the Palestinian Authority in 1996. At the start of the al-Aqsa Intifada, Israel alleged that the city had become a central source for the dispatching of suicide bombers to the North and Center of Israel. According to Israeli sources, a quarter of all suicide bombings carried out in Israel during the current, second Intifada originated in Jenin. See Palestinian political violence for an in-depth discussion of this broader issue. The West Bank The Palestinian National Authority (PNA or PA) is a semi-autonomous state institution nominally governing the bulk of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip (which it calls the Palestinian Territories). It was established as a part of Oslo accords between the PLO and Israel. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... Combatants  Israel  Palestinian Authority: Several Palestinian militant groups Commanders Ehud Barak Ariel Sharon Ehud Olmert Yassar Arafat Casualties 1,017 Israeli dead. ... A suicide bombing is an attack using a bomb in which the individual(s) carrying the explosive materials composing the bomb intend(s) and expect(s) to die upon detonation (see suicide). ... A suicide attack is an attack in which the attacker or attackers intend to kill others and intend to die in the process (see suicide). ... Intifada (also Intefadah or Intifadah; from ‎ shaking off) is an Arabic term for uprising. It came into common usage in English as the popularized name for two recent Palestinian campaigns directed at ending the Israeli military occupation. ... It is proposed that this article be deleted, because of the following concern: NPOV: similar articles on one-sided violence committed by Israelis have been deleted for being NPOV fork. ...

Battle of Jenin

Main article: Battle of Jenin 2002

In April 2002, Jenin's refugee camp was the theatre of one of the most intense battles to occur during the al-Aqsa Intifada. The details of what happened during these events are hotly contested by Isrealis and pro-Isreali alliances. The events were initially referred to as the "Jenin massacre", due to an allegation raised by Palestinians that the IDF killed hundreds of civilians in the camp. This allegation was later refuted, and the death toll was lowered to 23 Israeli soldiers and 52 Palestinians, 22 of whom were unarmed civilians [2]. According to pro-Israel online sources, families of some of the 23 Israeli soldiers killed brought a lawsuit against the Israeli Defense Forces and the Government of Israel, contending that "the government's primary obligation should have been to defend its own troops, even at the cost of more Palestinian civilian casualties".[3] The Battle of Jenin took place in April 2002 in Jenins Palestinian refugee camp as part of Operation Defensive Shield, a large-scale military operation conducted by the Israel Defence Forces (IDF), the largest conducted in the West Bank since the 1967 Six-Day War. ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... Combatants  Israel  Palestinian Authority: Several Palestinian militant groups Commanders Ehud Barak Ariel Sharon Ehud Olmert Yassar Arafat Casualties 1,017 Israeli dead. ... The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) (Hebrew: צבא ההגנה לישראל Tsva Ha-Haganah Le-Yisrael ([Army] Force [for] the Defense of Israel), often abbreviated צהל Tsahal, alternative English spelling Tzahal, is the name of Israels armed forces... Israels governmental system is based on several basic laws enacted by its unicameral parliament, the Knesset. ...

Since the battle, Jenin has fallen to direct control of the Israeli military. In that time, residents of Jenin have been subject to impositions of extended curfews (over 150 days since June 2002, nearly all prior to 2004[4]). Several suspected Palestinian militants and nearby civilians have been killed by the Israel Defense Forces, which terms these actions "targeted killings". UN worker Iain Hook was also killed by an Israeli sniper on November 22, 2002. [5][6] A curfew can be one of the following: An order by the government for certain persons to return home daily before a certain time. ... Targeted killing is a controversial strategy whereby anticipated acts of terrorism are prevented by killing a person deemed to be related to those acts. ...

Politics

Municipal elections were held in Jenin on 15 December 2005. Six seats each were won by Hamas and the local coalition of Fatah and the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine. Jenin was one of several Palestinian cities where Hamas showed a dramatic growth in electoral support. [7] Hamas (Arabic: ‎; acronym: Arabic: ‎, or Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiyya or Islamic Resistance Movement; the Arabic acronym means zeal) is a Palestinian Sunni Islamist organization that currently (since January 2006) forms the majority party of the Palestinian National Authority. ... Please wikify (format) this article or section as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) (Arabic الجبهة الشعبية لتحرير فلسطين - al-jabhah al-sha`biyyah li-tahrīr filastīn) is a Marxist-Leninist, nationalist Palestinian political and military organization, founded in 1967. ...

The mayor of Jenin is Hadem Rida and the governor of the Jenin governorate is Qadoura Mousa. Hadem Rida is the mayor of Jenin in Palestine. ... Qadoura Mousa is the governor of the Jenin Governorate of the Palestinian National Authority, in the northern West Bank. ...

See also

• Battle of Jenin 2002
• Arna's Children
• Zakaria Zubeidi
• Village of Faqqua

The Battle of Jenin took place in April 2002 in Jenins Palestinian refugee camp as part of Operation Defensive Shield, a large-scale military operation conducted by the Israel Defence Forces (IDF), the largest conducted in the West Bank since the 1967 Six-Day War. ... Arnas Children is a film about a childrens theatre group in Jenin in the Palestinian territories. ... Zakaria Zubeidi is the current Jenin chief of the Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades. ... Faqqu´a,( also Faqqua, Faqqu´ah) is a village on the West Bank, known for it’s delicious cactus fruits, but also for the so-called separation barrier surrounding it. ...

References

• Jerusalem Media & Communication Centre, Who Lives In Jenin Refugee Camp?: A Brief Statistical Profile, 2002.