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Encyclopedia > Jens Christian Skou

Jens Christian Skou [⁽ˈ⁾jɛns kʰʁæsd̥jæn ˈsg̊ʌʊ̯ˀ] (born October 8, 1918) is a Danish chemist and Nobel laureate. October 8 is the 281st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (282nd in leap years). ... Year 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... Nobel Prize medal. ...


Skou was born in Lemvig, Denmark in a wealthy family. His father Magnus Martinus Skou were timber and coal merchants. His mother Ane-Margrethe Skou took over the company after the death of his father. Lemvig is a municipality and town in the west of Denmark, in the county of Ringkøbing on the peninsula of Jutland. ...


At the age of 15 Skou entered a boarding school in Haslev, Zealand. He graduated in medicine from the University of Copenhagen in 1944 and received his doctorate in 1954. He began working at the University of Aarhus in 1947 and was appointed professor of biophysics in 1977. He retired from the University of Aarhus in 1988, but has kept his offices at the institute. Map showing location of Zealand within Denmark. ... medicines, see medication and pharmacology. ... The University of Copenhagen (Danish: Københavns Universitet) is the oldest and largest university and research institution in Copenhagen, Denmark. ... Year 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... Year 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Aarhus Universitet or the University of Aarhus is a university based in Århus, Denmark. ... Year 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1947 calendar). ... Biophysics (also biological physics) is an interdisciplinary science that applies the theories and methods of physics, to questions of biology. ... For the album by Ash, see 1977 (album). ... 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ...


In 1997 he received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (together with Paul D. Boyer and John E. Walker) for his discovery of Na+,K+-ATPase [1]. 1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This is a list of Nobel Prize laureates in Chemistry from 1901 to 2006. ... Paul Delos Boyer (born July 31, 1918) is an American biochemist. ... John Ernest Walker (born January 7, 1941) is an English chemist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1997. ... Simplified Diagram of the sodium pump Na+/K+-ATPase (also known as the Na+/K+ pump or Na+/K+ exchanger) is an enzyme (EC 3. ...


Jens Christian Skou [⁽ˈ⁾jɛns kʰʁæsd̥jæn ˈsg̊ʌʊ̯ˀ] (born October 8, 1918) is a Danish chemist and Nobel laureate.


Skou was born in Lemvig, Denmark in a wealthy family. His father Magnus Martinus Skou were timber and coal merchants. His mother Ane-Margrethe Skou took over the company after the death of his father.


At the age of 15 Skou entered a boarding school in Haslev, Zealand. He graduated in medicine from the University of Copenhagen in 1944 and received his doctorate in 1954. He began working at the University of Aarhus in 1947 and was appointed professor of biophysics in 1977. He retired from the University of Aarhus in 1988, but has kept his offices at the institute.


Skou had taken a few years away from his clinical training in the early 1950s to study the action of local anaesthetics. He had discovered that a substance’s anaesthetic action was related to its ability to dissolve in a layer of the lipid part of the plasma membrane, the anaesthetic molecules affected the opening of sodium channels which he assumed to be protein. This, he argued, would affect the movement of sodium ions and make nerve cells inexcitable, thus causing anaesthesia.


Skou thought that other types of membrane protein might also be affected by local anaesthetics dissolving in the lipid part of the membrane. He therefore had the idea of looking at an enzyme which was embedded in the membrane and finding out if its properties were affected by local anaesthetics. He looked at ATPase in crab nerves.


The enzyme was there, but unfortunately its activity was very variable and he needed a highly active enzyme for his studies. Eventually he managed to discover that ATPase was most active when exposed to the right combination of sodium, potassium and magnesium ions. Only then did he realise that this enzyme might have something to do with the active moment of sodium and potassium across the plasma membrane. This idea had been postulated many years before, however, the mechanism was quite unknown.


Skou published his findings. However, in his paper he was wary of identifying the enzyme with the active ion movement, so he left out the term “sodium-potassium pump” from the title of his paper. Indeed, he seems only gradually to have realised the importance of his discovery, and he continued his studies on local anaesthetics.


In 1958 Skou went to a conference in Vienna to describe his work on cholinesterase. These he met Robert Post, who had been studying the pumping of sodium and potassium in red blood cells. Post had recently discovered that three sodium ions were pumped out of the cell for every two potassium ions pumped in, and in his research he had made use of a substance called ouabain which had recently been shown to inhibit the pump.


Post has not read Skou’s paper but was excited when Skou told him about his work with ATPase. Post asked whether the enzyme was inhibited by ouabain. At this stage Skou was unaware that ouabain inhibited the pump, but he immediately telephoned to his lab and arranged for the experiment to be done. Ouabain did indeed inhibit the enzyme, thus establishing a link between the enzyme and the sodium-potassium pump.


He recieved a Noble prize in Chemistry for his work on the Sodium-potassium pump.


External links

  • Nobelprize.org - Autobiography of Jens Christian Skou
  • Nobelprize.org - Jen C. Skou's Nobel Lecture on "The Identification of the Sodium-Potassium Pump"
Nobel Prize in Chemistry: Laureates

1901: van 't Hoff 02: E.Fischer 03: Arrhenius 04: Ramsay 05: von Baeyer 06: Moissan 07: Buchner 08: Rutherford 09: Ostwald 10: Wallach 11: Curie 12: Grignard, Sabatier 13: Werner 14: Richards 15: Willstätter 18: Haber 20: Nernst 21: Soddy 22: Aston 23: Pregl 25: Zsigmondy 26: Svedberg 27: Wieland 28: Windaus 29: Harden, von Euler‑Chelpin 30: H.Fischer 31: Bosch, Bergius 32: Langmuir 34: Urey 35: F.Joliot‑Curie, I.Joliot‑Curie 36: Debye 37: Haworth, Karrer 38: Kuhn 39: Butenandt, Ružička 43: de Hevesy 44: Hahn 45: Virtanen 46: Sumner, Northrop, Stanley 47: Robinson 48: Tiselius 49: Giauque 50: Diels, Alder 51: McMillan, Seaborg 52: Martin, Synge 53: Staudinger 54: Pauling 55: du Vigneaud 56: Hinshelwood, Semyonov 57: Todd 58: Sanger 59: Heyrovský 60: Libby 61: Calvin 62: Perutz, Kendrew 63: Ziegler, Natta 64: Hodgkin 65: Woodward 66: Mulliken 67: Eigen, Norrish, Porter 68: Onsager 69: Barton, Hassel 70: Leloir 71: Herzberg 72: Anfinsen, Moore, Stein 73: E.O.Fischer, Wilkinson 74: Flory 75: Cornforth, Prelog 76: Lipscomb 77: Prigogine 78: Mitchell 79: Brown, Wittig 80: Berg, Gilbert, Sanger 81: Fukui, Hoffmann 82: Klug 83: Taube 84: Merrifield 85: Hauptman, Karle 86: Herschbach, Lee, Polanyi 87: Cram, Lehn, Pedersen 88: Deisenhofer, Huber, Michel 89: Altman, Cech 90: Corey 91: Ernst 92: Marcus 93: Mullis, Smith 94: Olah 95: Crutzen, Molina, Rowland 96: Curl, Kroto, Smalley 97: Boyer, Walker, Skou 98: Kohn, Pople 99: Zewail 2000: Heeger, MacDiarmid, Shirakawa 01: Knowles, Noyori, Sharpless 02: Fenn, Tanaka, Wüthrich 03: Agre, MacKinnon 04: Ciechanover, Hershko, Rose 05: Grubbs, Schrock, Chauvin 06: Kornberg This is a list of Nobel Prize laureates in Chemistry from 1901 to 2006. ... Winners of the Nobel Prize are scientists, writers and peacemakers who have been awarded in their field of endeavour, and who are known collectively as either Nobel laureates or Nobel Prize winners. ... Jacobus Henricus van t Hoff (August 30, 1852 - March 1, 1911) was a Dutch physical and organic chemist and the winner of the inaugural Nobel Prize in chemistry. ... Hermann Emil Fischer (October 9, 1852 - July 15, 1919) was a German chemist and recipient of the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1902. ... Svante August Arrhenius Svante August Arrhenius (February 19, 1859 – October 2, 1927) was a Swedish chemist and one of the founders of the science of physical chemistry. ... Sir William Ramsay (October 2, 1852 – July 23, 1916) was a Scottish chemist who discovered the noble gases and received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1904 (along with Lord Rayleigh who received the Nobel Prize in Physics that same year for the discovery of argon). ... 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Persondata
NAME Skou, Jens Christian
ALTERNATIVE NAMES
SHORT DESCRIPTION Danish chemist
DATE OF BIRTH October 8, 1918
PLACE OF BIRTH Lemvig, Denmark
DATE OF DEATH
PLACE OF DEATH

  Results from FactBites:
 
Jens Christian Skou Summary (3443 words)
Jens Christian Skou was born October 8, 1918, in Lemvig, Denmark.
Jens Christian Skou [⁽ˈ⁾jɛns kʰʁæsd̥jæn ˈsg̊ʌʊ̯ˀ] (born October 8, 1918) is a Danish chemist and Nobel laureate.
Skou was born in Lemvig, Denmark in a wealthy family.
Jens C. Skou@Everything2.com (1764 words)
Jens Skou was born on October 8, 1918 in Lemvig, a small town in Denmark.
In 1963 Skou was appointed as the chairman of the Physiology Department.
Skou learned about this ion transport while he was studying nerves and their response to anesthesia.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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