Jerome Robbins (October 11, 1918 - July 29, 1998) was an American choreographer whose work has included everything from classical ballet to contemporary musical theater. Among the numerous stage productions he worked on were On The Town, High Button Shoes, The King And I, The Pajama Game, Bells Are Ringing, West Side Story, Gypsy: A Musical Fable and Fiddler on the Roof. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (827x1024, 109 KB)Jerome Robbins photo taken by Carl Van Vechten, photographer. ... Carl Van Vechten (June 17, 1880 – December 21, 1964) was an American writer and photographer who was a patron of the Harlem Renaissance and the literary executor of Gertrude Stein. ... is the 284th day of the year (285th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... New York, New York redirects here. ... is the 210th day of the year (211th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar). ... New York, New York redirects here. ... Academy Award The Academy Awards, popularly known as the Oscars, are the most prominent and most watched film awards ceremony in the world. ... The Academy Award for Directing is one of the awards given to people working in the motion picture industry by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences; the awards are voted on by other people within the industry. ... West Side Story is a 1961 film directed by Robert Wise and Jerome Robbins. ... The Academy Honorary Award is given irregularly by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences to celebrate motion picture achievements that are not covered by existing Academy Awards. ... What is popularly called the Tony Award® but is formally the Antoinette Perry Award is an annual American award celebrating achievements in theater, including musical theater. ... The Tony award for Choreography has been awarded since 1947. ... High Button Shoes is a musical theater production, first staged at the New Century Theatre on Broadway on October 9, 1947. ... This article is about the musical. ... For the film, see Fiddler on the Roof (film) Fiddler on the Roof is a well-known Tony Award-winning musical with music by Jerry Bock, lyrics by Sheldon Harnick, and book by Joseph Stein, set in Tsarist Russia in 1905. ... The Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical has been given since 1960. ... For the film, see Fiddler on the Roof (film) Fiddler on the Roof is a well-known Tony Award-winning musical with music by Jerry Bock, lyrics by Sheldon Harnick, and book by Joseph Stein, set in Tsarist Russia in 1905. ... Jerome Robbins Broadway is a broadway production that were an anthology of songs taken from past shows that were either directed or choreographed by Jerome Robbins. ... is the 284th day of the year (285th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... is the 210th day of the year (211th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar). ... Choreography (also known as dance composition) is the art of making structures in which movement occurs, the term composition may also refer to the navigation or connection of these movement structures. ... On the Town is a musical that opened on Broadway at the Adelphi Theatre on December 28, 1944, with music by Leonard Bernstein, book and lyrics by Betty Comden and Adolph Green, direction by George Abbott, and choreography by Jerome Robbins. ... High Button Shoes is a musical theater production, first staged at the New Century Theatre on Broadway on October 9, 1947. ... The King and I is a musical by Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II, with a script based on the book Anna and the King of Siam by Margaret Landon. ... The Pajama Game is a musical based on the novel 7-1/2 Cents by Richard Bissell. ... Bells Are Ringing is a stage musical first mounted in 1956. ... This article is about the musical. ... Gypsy: A Musical Fable is a musical with music by Jule Styne, lyrics by Stephen Sondheim. ... For the film, see Fiddler on the Roof (film) Fiddler on the Roof is a well-known Tony Award-winning musical with music by Jerry Bock, lyrics by Sheldon Harnick, and book by Joseph Stein, set in Tsarist Russia in 1905. ...

Youth

Robbins was born "Jerome Wilson Rabinowitz" on October 11, 1918, exactly one month before the end of World War I, in the Jewish Maternity Hospital in the heart of Manhattan’s Lower East Side – a neighborhood populated by many immigrants. The Rabinowitz family lived in a large apartment house at 51 East 97th at the northeast corner of Madison Avenue. Known as "Jerry" to his loved ones, Robbins was given a middle name that reflected his parents' patriotic enthusiasm for the then-president. Rabinowitz, however, translates to “son of a rabbi”, a name Robbins never liked, since it marked him as the son of an immigrant. Categories: Manhattan neighborhoods | Stub ...

In the early 1920s, the Rabinowitz family moved to Weehawken, New Jersey. 10 years earlier, Fred and Adele Astaire had lived there briefly as children, only a block away from one of Robbins’ boyhood homes. His father and uncle opened the “Comfort Corset Company,” a unique venture for the family, which had many show business connections, including vaudeville performers and theater owners.

Robbins began college studying Chemistry at New York University (NYU) but dropped out after a year for financial reasons and to pursue dance. He studied at the New Dance League, learning ballet with Ella Daganova, Antony Tudor and Eugene Loring; modern dance; Spanish dancing with the famed Helen Veola; folk dance with Yeichi Nimura; and dance composition with Bessie Schoenberg. For other uses, see Chemistry (disambiguation). ... New York University (NYU) is a private, nonsectarian, coeducational research university in New York City. ... Antony Tudor in “Gala Performance”, photographed by Carl Van Vechten, 1941 Antony Tudor (April 4, 1909 - April 19, 1987), born William Cook, was an English choreographer and dancer who choreographed numerous ballets. ... Eugene Loring (August 2, 1911-August 30, 1982) was an American ballet dancer and choreographer, best remembered as the choreographer of Billy the Kid (1938). ...

Career

For much of his life, Robbins pursued a career in both ballet and Broadway theatre. He lived in a world of like-minded collaborators, most of whom were his age, Jewish, New Yorkers, leftist and -- among the men -- gay.^[1] For other uses, see Ballet (disambiguation). ... For other uses of Broadway, see Broadway. ...

1930's and 40's

By 1939, Robbins was dancing in the chorus of such Broadway shows as Great Lady, The Straw Hat Revue and Keep off the Grass, which George Balanchine choreographed. Robbins was also dancing and choreographing at Camp Tamiment in the Poconos of Pennsylvania. Here he choreographed many dramatic pieces with controversial ideas about race, lynching, and war. But in 1940, he turned his back (albeit temporarily) on the theater and joined the Ballet Theatre (later known as the American Ballet Theatre). From 1941 through 1944, Robbins was a soloist with the company, gaining notice for his Hermes in Helen of Troy, the Moor in Petrouchka and Benvolio in Romeo and Juliet. For other uses of Broadway, see Broadway. ... George Balanchine (January 9 (O.S.) = January 22 (N.S.), 1904–April 30, 1983) was one of the 20th centurys foremost choreographers, and one of the founders of American ballet. ... The Poconos, or the Pocono Mountains region, is a mountainous region of about 2,400 square miles (6,200 km²) located in northeastern Pennsylvania. ... Angel Corella as Aminta in the 2006 production of Ashtons ballet Sylvia. ... For other uses, see Hermes (disambiguation). ... Helen was the wife of Menelaus and reputed to be the most beautiful woman in the world, and her abduction by Paris brought about the Trojan War. ... Pétrouchka (English: Petrushka; Russian: петрушка) is a ballet with music by the Russian composer Igor Stravinsky. ... Benvolio is a character in William Shakespeares fiction Romeo and Juliet, one of the legendary Montagues. ... Romeo and Juliet in the famous balcony scene by Ford Madox Brown For other uses, see Romeo and Juliet (disambiguation). ...

At this time, Broadway dance was changing. Agnes de Mille had brought not just ballet to Oklahoma! but had also made dance an integral part of the drama of the musical. Challenged, Robbins choreographed and performed in Fancy Free, a ballet about sailors at liberty, at the Metropolitan Opera as part of the Ballet Theatre season in 1944. The inspiration for Fancy Free came from Paul Cadmus' 1934 painting called The Fleet's In![1] which is part of the Sailor Trilogy. Robbins was recommended for a ballet based on the art work by his friend Mary Hunter Wolf. Distancing himself from the controversial homosexual content, Robbins said in an interview with The Christian Science Monitor, Agnes George de Mille (September 18, 1905 – October 7, 1993) was an American dancer and choreographer. ... Oklahoma! was the first musical play written by composer Richard Rodgers and lyricist/librettist Oscar Hammerstein II (see Rodgers and Hammerstein). ... The art of singing and dancing in a prepared fictional play has been a time-honored tradition ranging to the early days of civilization. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, the lead section of this article may need to be expanded. ... Paul Cadmus photo taken by Carl Van Vechten, 1937 Paul Cadmus (December 17, 1904 - December 12, 1999) was an artist born in New York City. ... Mary Hunter Wolf (1905?–November 3, 2000), born Mary Hunter, was an American theater director and producer. ... The Christian Science Monitor (CSM) is an international newspaper published daily, Monday through Friday. ...

"After seeing...Fleet's In, which I inwardly rejected though it gave me the idea of doing the ballet, I watched sailors, and girls, too, all over town."

He went on to say

"I wanted to show that the boys in the service are healthy, vital boys: there is nothing sordid or morbid about them".

Oliver Smith, set designer and collaborator on Fancy Free, knew Leonard Bernstein and eventually Robbins and Bernstein met to work on the music. This would be the first of several collaborative efforts. Fancy Free was a great success. Oliver Smith (February 13, 1918 - January 23, 1994) was one of the most distinguished and prolific Tony Award-winning scenic designers in American theatre history. ... Leonard Bernstein in 1971 Leonard Bernstein (IPA pronunciation: )[1] (August 25, 1918 – October 14, 1990) was an American conductor, composer, and pianist. ...

Later that year, Robbins conceived and choreographed On the Town (1944), a musical partly inspired by Fancy Free, which effectively launched his Broadway career. Once again Bernstein wrote the music and Smith designed the sets. The book and lyrics were by a team that Robbins would work with again, Betty Comden and Adolph Green. His next musical was Billion Dollar Baby (1945). Two years later, he received plaudits for his hilarious Keystone Kops ballet in High Button Shoes. On the Town is a musical that opened on Broadway at the Adelphi Theatre on December 28, 1944, with music by Leonard Bernstein, book and lyrics by Betty Comden and Adolph Green, direction by George Abbott, and choreography by Jerome Robbins. ... Comden and Green was the writing duo of Betty Comden and Adolph Green. ... Adolph Green (December 2, 1914 – October 23, 2002) was an American lyricist and playwright who, with long-time collaborator Betty Comden, penned the screenplays and songs for some of the most beloved movie musicals, particularly as part of Arthur Freeds production unit at MGM, during the genres heyday. ... Billion Dollar Baby was a Broadway musical set on Staten Island and in Atlantic City during the late 1920s. ... The Keystone Kops in a typical pose. ... High Button Shoes is a musical theater production, first staged at the New Century Theatre on Broadway on October 9, 1947. ...

1950's

During this period, Robbins continued to create dances for the Ballet Theatre, alternating between musicals and ballet for the better part of the next two decades. Barely a year went by without a new Robbins ballet and a new Robbins musical. With George Balanchine he choreographed Jones Beach at the City Center Theater in 1950, and directed and choreographed Irving Berlin's Call Me Madam, starring Ethel Merman. George Balanchine (January 9 (O.S.) = January 22 (N.S.), 1904–April 30, 1983) was one of the 20th centurys foremost choreographers, and one of the founders of American ballet. ... New York City Center Logo New York City Center is a 2,750-seat performing arts venue located on West 55th Street between 6th and 7th Avenues in Manhattan, New York City. ... Irving Berlin (May 11, 1888 – September 22, 1989) was an American composer and lyricist, one of the most prodigious and famous American songwriters in history. ... Call Me Madam is one of Irving Berlins last musical comedies. ... Ethel Merman (January 16, 1908 – February 15, 1984) was a Tony Award winning star of stage and film musicals, well known for her powerful voice and vocal range. ...

In 1951, Robbins created the now-celebrated dance sequences in Rodgers and Hammerstein's The King & I (including the March of the Siamese Children, the ballet The Small House of Uncle Thomas and the "Shall We Dance?" polka between the two leads). That same year, he created The Cage for the New York City Ballet, with which he was now associated. He also performed, uncredited, show doctoring on the musicals A Tree Grows In Brooklyn (1951); Wish You Were Here (1952); and Wonderful Town (1953). Rodgers (left) and Hammerstein (right), with Irving Berlin (middle) and Helen Tamiris, watching auditions at the St. ... The King and I is a musical by Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II, with a script based on Anna and the King of Siam by Margaret Landon. ... The Cage is the original pilot episode of the Star Trek science fiction franchise. ... Logo of the New York City Ballet The New York City Ballet is a ballet company founded in 1948 by choreographer George Balanchine and Lincoln Kirstein originally known as the American Ballet. ... This article is about the novel. ... Wish You Were Here is a musical with a book by Arthur Kober and Joshua Logan and music and lyrics by Harold Rome. ... Logo for the 2003 Broadway revival of Wonderful Town Wonderful Town is a musical with lyrics by Betty Comden and Adolph Green and music by Leonard Bernstein. ...

Robbins collaborated with George Abbott on The Pajama Game (1954), which launched the career of Shirley MacLaine, worked on the 1955 Mary Martin vehicle, Peter Pan (recreated for the small screen in 1955, 1956 and 1960) and directed and co-choreographed (with Bob Fosse) Bells Are Ringing (1956), starring Judy Holliday. In 1957, he conceived, choreographed and directed a show that some feel is his crowning achievement: West Side Story. George Abbott (June 25, 1887 - January 31, 1995) was a theatre producer and director, playwright, screenwriter, and film director and producer whose career spanned more than seven decades. ... The Pajama Game is a musical based on the novel 7-1/2 Cents by Richard Bissell. ... Shirley MacLaine (born April 24, 1934) is an Academy Award-winning American film and theatre actress, well-known not only for her acting, but for her devotion to her belief in reincarnation. ... Mary Virginia Martin (b. ... This article is about the play by J.M. Barrie. ... Bob Fosse, early promotional image Bob Fosse (June 23, 1927 – September 23, 1987) was a musical theater choreographer and director. ... Bells Are Ringing was a romantic comedy film was released in 1960 and was directed by Vincente Minnelli. ... Judy Holliday (June 21, 1921–June 7, 1965) was an Academy Award and Tony Award-winning American actress. ... This article is about the musical. ...

West Side Story is a modern-day (for 1957) version of Romeo and Juliet, set in Hell's Kitchen. The musical marked the first collaboration between Robbins and Stephen Sondheim, who wrote the lyrics. The two, along with book writer Arthur Laurents and composer Leonard Bernstein, worked well together, only disagreeing on minor issues such as whether the lead character Maria should die. To help the young cast grow into their roles, Robbins did not allow those playing members of opposite gangs (Jets and Sharks) to mix during the rehearsal process. The original Broadway production featured Carol Lawrence as Maria, Larry Kert as Tony and Chita Rivera as Anita. Although it opened to good reviews, it was overshadowed by Meredith Willson's The Music Man at that year's Tony Awards. West Side Story did, however, earn Robbins his second Tony Award for choreography, and is now hailed as a groundbreaking classic. Romeo and Juliet in the famous balcony scene by Ford Madox Brown For other uses, see Romeo and Juliet (disambiguation). ... View from between 47th and 48th street on Ninth Avenue looking north toward Time Warner Center and Hearst Tower Hells Kitchen, also known as Clinton and Midtown West, is a neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City that includes roughly the area between 34th Street and 57th Street, from... Stephen Joshua Sondheim (b. ... Arthur Laurents (born July 14, 1918) is an American playwright, novelist, screenwriter, librettist and stage director. ... Carol Lawrence is a musical theater actress, who has also made numerous appearances in film and television. ... Larry Kert performing at Ed Sullivan show (1958) Larry Kert (December 5, 1930 - June 5, 1991) was an American actor, singer, and dancer. ... The Dancers Life poster Chita Rivera (born Dolores Conchita Figueroa del Rivero on January 23, 1933 in Washington, D.C.) is a Tony Award-winning Broadway musical actress dancer, and singer best known for her musical theater roles. ... Robert Meredith Willson (18 May 1902 – 15 June 1984) was an American composer and playwright, best known as the writer of The Music Man. ... This article is about the stage musical. ... What is popularly called the Tony Award (formally, the Antoinette Perry Award for Excellence in Theatre) is an annual award celebrating achievements in live American theater, including musical theater, primarily honoring productions on Broadway in New York. ...

The streak of hits continued with Gypsy (1959), starring Ethel Merman. Robbins re-teamed with Sondheim and Laurents, and the music was by Jule Styne. The musical is based--loosely--on the life of stripper Gypsy Rose Lee. Gypsy: A Musical Fable is a musical with music by Jule Styne, lyrics by Stephen Sondheim. ... Ethel Merman (January 16, 1908 – February 15, 1984) was a Tony Award winning star of stage and film musicals, well known for her powerful voice and vocal range. ... Jule Styne (December 31, 1905 – September 20, 1994) was a British-born American songwriter, especially famous for a series of Broadway Musicals, which included several very well known and frequently revived shows. ... Gypsy Rose Lee (also known as Rose Louise Hovick and Louise Hovick) (February 9, 1911 or 1914 – April 26, 1970) was an American actress and burlesque entertainer, whose 1957 memoir, which included a scathing portrait of her domineering mother, was made into the stage musical and film Gypsy. ...

House Un-American Activities Committee

While Robbins' career seemed to be a charmed one, it was not without a period of difficulty. In the early 1950s, he was called to testify before the House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC), suspected of Communist sympathies. Robbins named names along with Sterling Hayden, Burl Ives, Elia Kazan and Lela Rogers (mother of Ginger Rogers). Because he cooperated with HUAC, Robbins' career did not suffer and he was not blacklisted. Robbins named more names than any other HUAC witness. HUAC hearings House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC or HCUA) (1938–1975) was an investigative committee of the United States House of Representatives. ... Sterling Hayden (March 26, 1916 - May 23, 1986) was an American actor. ... Burl Icle Ivanhoe Ives (14 June 1909 –14 April 1995) was an Academy Award winning American actor and acclaimed folk music singer and author. ... Elia Kazan, (Greek: Ηλίας Καζάν, IPA: ), (September 7, 1909 – September 28, 2003) was a Greek-American film and theatre director, film and theatrical producer, screenwriter, novelist and cofounder of the influential Actors Studio in New York in 1947. ... Ginger Rogers (July 16, 1911 – April 25, 1995) was an Academy Award-winning American film and stage actress and singer. ... Blacklisted redirects here. ...

1960's

In 1962, Robbins tried his hand at a straight play, directing Arthur Kopit's unconventional Oh Dad, Poor Dad, Mama's Hung You in the Closet and I'm Feelin' So Sad. The production ran over a year off-Broadway and was transferred to Broadway for a short run in 1963, Arthur Lee Kopit (born 1937) was an US playwright. ... Oh Dad, Poor Dad, Mamas Hung You in the Closet and Im Feelin So Sad: A Pseudoclassical Tragifarce in a Bastard French Tradition was the first play written by Arthur L. Kopit. ... Off-Broadway plays or musicals are performed in New York City in smaller theatres than Broadway, but larger than Off-Off-Broadway, productions. ...

Robbins was still highly sought after as a show doctor. He took over the direction of two troubled productions during this period and helped turn them into smashes. In 1962, he saved A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum (1962), a musical farce starring Zero Mostel, Jack Gilford, David Burns and John Carradine. The production, with book by Burt Shevelove and Larry Gelbart, and songs by Stephen Sondheim, was not working. Robbins staged an entirely new opening number which explained to the audience what was to follow, and the show played beautifully from then on. In 1964 he took on a floundering Funny Girl and devised a show that ran 1348 performances. The musical helped turn lead Barbra Streisand into a superstar. Hi! Youre car can speak <a href=http://immobilizer. ... Mostel in Sirocco (1951) Zero Mostel (February 28, 1915 – September 8, 1977) was a Brooklyn-born stage and film actor best known for his portrayal of comic characters such as Tevye in Fiddler on the Roof , Pseudolus in A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum, and Max... Jack Gilford Jack Gilford (July 25, 1908 – June 2, 1990) was an American actor with a long and successful career on the Broadway stage, films and television. ... David D. Burns, M.D., is the author of Feeling Good - The New Mood Therapy, The Feeling Good Handbook, Ten Days to Self-Esteem and other popular works on cognitive therapy. ... John Carradine (February 5, 1906 – November 27, 1988) was a Daytime Emmy Award-winning American actor, perhaps best known for his roles in horror films and Westerns. ... Burt Shevelove (1915 - 8 April 1981) was an American musical theater writer, lyricist, librettist, and director. ... Larry Gelbart (b. ... Original cast album Funny Girl is a semi-biographical musical based on the life and career of Broadway and film star and comedienne Fanny Brice and her stormy relationship with entrepreneur and gambler Nicky Arnstein. ... Barbra Joan Streisand (born April 24, 1942) is an American singer, theatre and film actress, composer, liberal political activist, film producer and director. ...

That same year, Robbins won matching Tony Awards for his direction and choreography in Fiddler on the Roof (1964). The show starred Zero Mostel as Tevye and ran for 3242 performances, setting the record (since surpassed) for longest-running Broadway musical. The plot, about Jews living in Russia near the beginning of the 20th century, is based on the stories of Sholom Aleichem. The subject matter allowed Robbins to return to his religious roots. What is popularly called the Tony Award (formally, the Antoinette Perry Award for Excellence in Theatre) is an annual award celebrating achievements in live American theater, including musical theater, primarily honoring productions on Broadway in New York. ... For the film, see Fiddler on the Roof (film) Fiddler on the Roof is a well-known Tony Award-winning musical with music by Jerry Bock, lyrics by Sheldon Harnick, and book by Joseph Stein, set in Tsarist Russia in 1905. ... Tevye is the protagonist of several of Sholom Aleichems stories, originally written in Yiddish and first published in 1894, most famously the fictional memoir Tevye and his Daughters, about a pious Jewish milkman in Tzarist Russia, and the troubles he has with his daughters (Tevye has six daughters — in... For other uses of Broadway, see Broadway. ... Musical theater (or theatre) is a form of theatre combining music, songs, dance, and spoken dialogue. ... Sholem Aleichem ‎, Russian: ; March 2 [O.S. February 18] 1859 – May 13, 1916) was a popular humorist and Russian (geographically, Ukrainian) Jewish author of Yiddish literature, including novels, short stories, and plays. ...

1970's and 80's

Never deserting the ballet, he continued to choreograph and stage productions for both the Joffrey Ballet and the New York City Ballet into the 1970s. For other uses, see Ballet (disambiguation). ... In 1956, Ballet teacher Robert Joffrey and choreographer Gerald Arpino formed a six-dancer ensemble that toured the country performing original ballets during a time when most touring companies performed mere reduced versions of ballet classics. ... Logo of the New York City Ballet The New York City Ballet is a ballet company founded in 1948 by choreographer George Balanchine and Lincoln Kirstein originally known as the American Ballet. ...

Robbins became ballet master of the New York City Ballet in 1972 and worked almost exclusively in classical dance throughout the next decade, pausing only to stage revivals of West Side Story (1980) and Fiddler on the Roof (198). In 1981, his Chamber Dance Company toured the People's Republic of China. Logo of the New York City Ballet The New York City Ballet is a ballet company founded in 1948 by choreographer George Balanchine and Lincoln Kirstein originally known as the American Ballet. ... This article is about the musical. ... For the film, see Fiddler on the Roof (film) Fiddler on the Roof is a well-known Tony Award-winning musical with music by Jerry Bock, lyrics by Sheldon Harnick, and book by Joseph Stein, set in Tsarist Russia in 1905. ...

The 1980s saw an increased presence on TV as NBC aired Live From Studio 8H: An Evening of Jerome Robbins' Ballets with Members of the New York City Ballet, and a retrospective of Robbins' choreography aired on PBS in a 1986 installment of Dance in America. The latter led to his creating the anthology show Jerome Robbins' Broadway in 1989 which recreated the most successful production numbers from his 50-plus year career. Starring Jason Alexander as the narrator, the show included stagings of cut numbers like Irving Berlin's Mr. Monotony and well-known ones like the "Tradition" number from Fiddler on the Roof. For his efforts, he earned a fifth Tony Award. This article is about the television network. ... Not to be confused with Public Broadcasting Services in Malta. ... Jerome Robbins Broadway is a broadway production that were an anthology of songs taken from past shows that were either directed or choreographed by Jerome Robbins. ... Jason Alexander (born Jason Scott Greenspan on September 23, 1959) is a Jewish American television, cinema and musical theatre actor, best known for his role as George Costanza on the hit television series Seinfeld. ... Irving Berlin (May 11, 1888 – September 22, 1989) was an American composer and lyricist, one of the most prodigious and famous American songwriters in history. ... For the film, see Fiddler on the Roof (film) Fiddler on the Roof is a well-known Tony Award-winning musical with music by Jerry Bock, lyrics by Sheldon Harnick, and book by Joseph Stein, set in Tsarist Russia in 1905. ... What is popularly called the Tony Award (formally, the Antoinette Perry Award for Excellence in Theatre) is an annual award celebrating achievements in live American theater, including musical theater, primarily honoring productions on Broadway in New York. ...

Work on Broadway

• Stars In Your Eyes (1939) - musical - performer in the role of "Gentleman of the Ballet"
• The Straw Hat Revue (1939) - revue - performer
• Giselle (1941) - ballet - dancer in the role of a "Peasant"
• Three Virgins and a Devil (1941) - ballet to the music of Respighi, dancer in the role of the "Youth" (see above photograph)
• Gala Performance (1941) - ballet to the music of Prokofiev - dancer in the role of an "Attendant Cavalier"
• On the Town (1944) - musical - choreographer the originator of the idea for the show
• Common Ground (1945) - play - co-director
• Interplay (1945) - ballet to the music of Morton Gould - choreographer and dancer
• Billion Dollar Baby (1945) - musical - choreographer
• Fancy Free (1946) - ballet (revival - original played at the Metropolitan Opera House in 1944) - choreographer
• High Button Shoes (1947) - musical - choreographer - Tony Award for Best Choreography
• Look, Ma, I'm Dancin'! (1948) - musical - choreographer, co-director, and the originator of the idea for the show
• Miss Liberty (1949) - musical - choreographer
• Call Me Madam (1950) - musical - choreographer
• The King and I (1951) - musical - choreographer
• Two's Company (1952) - revue - choreographer
• The Pajama Game (1954) - musical - co-director
• Peter Pan (1954) - musical - director and choreographer
• Bells Are Ringing (1956) - musical - director and co-choreographer with Bob Fosse - Tony co-Nominee for Best Choreography
• West Side Story (1957) - musical - choreographer, director, and the originator of the idea for the show - Tony Award for Best Choreography
• The Concert or The Perils of Everybody (1958) - ballet to the music of Frédéric Chopin - choreographer
• Afternoon of a Faun (1958) - ballet to the music of Claude Debussy - choreographer
• 3 x 3 (1958) - ballet to the music of Georges Auric - choreographer
• New York Export: Opus Jazz (1958) - ballet to the music of Robert Prince, choreographer
• Gypsy (1959) - musical - choreographer and director - Tony Nomination for Best Direction of a Musical
• Moves (1961) - silent ballet - choreographer
• A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum (1962) - musical - uncredit directing and choreography assistant
• Mother Courage and Her Children (1963) - play - co-producer and director - Tony Nominations for Best Play and Best Producer of a Play
• Oh Dad, Poor Dad, Mama's Hung You in the Closet and I'm Feeling so Sad (1963) - play - director
• Funny Girl (1964) - musical - production supervisor
• Fiddler on the Roof (1964) - musical - director and choreographer - Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical, Tony Award for Best Choreography
• The Office (1966 - never officially opened) - director
• Jerome Robbins' Broadway (1989) - revue - director and choreographer - Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical

Musical theater (or theatre) is a form of theatre combining music, songs, dance, and spoken dialogue. ... A revue is a type of theatrical entertainment that combines music, dance and sketches that satirize contemporary figures, news, or literature. ... Anna Pavlova as Giselle in Act I (ca. ... For other uses, see Ballet (disambiguation). ... A contemporary dancer rehearsing in a dance studio Dance generally refers to human movement either used as a form of expression or presented in a social, spiritual or performance setting. ... For other uses, see Ballet (disambiguation). ... Elsa and Ottorino Respighi in the 1920s Ottorino Respighi (Bologna, July 9, 1879 - Rome, April 18, 1936) was an Italian composer, musicologist, pianist, violist and violinist. ... A contemporary dancer rehearsing in a dance studio Dance generally refers to human movement either used as a form of expression or presented in a social, spiritual or performance setting. ... For other uses, see Ballet (disambiguation). ... Sergei Sergeyevich Prokofiev (&#1057;&#1077;&#1088;&#1075;&#1077;&#769;&#1081; &#1057;&#1077;&#1088;&#1075;&#1077;&#769;&#1077;&#1074;&#1080;&#1095; &#1055;&#1088;&#1086;&#1082;&#1086;&#769;&#1092;&#1100;&#1077;&#1074;) (April 271, 1891 &#8211; March 5, 1953) was one of the Soviet Unions greatest composers. ... A contemporary dancer rehearsing in a dance studio Dance generally refers to human movement either used as a form of expression or presented in a social, spiritual or performance setting. ... On the Town is a musical that opened on Broadway at the Adelphi Theatre on December 28, 1944, with music by Leonard Bernstein, book and lyrics by Betty Comden and Adolph Green, direction by George Abbott, and choreography by Jerome Robbins. ... Musical theater (or theatre) is a form of theatre combining music, songs, dance, and spoken dialogue. ... Choreography (also known as dance composition) is the art of making structures in which movement occurs, the term composition may also refer to the navigation or connection of these movement structures. ... For other uses, see Play (disambiguation). ... A theatre director is a principal in the theatre field who oversees and orchestrates the mounting of a play by unifying various endeavors and aspects of production. ... For other uses, see Ballet (disambiguation). ... Morton Gould (December 10, 1913 – February 21, 1996) was an American pianist, composer, conductor, and arranger. ... Choreography (also known as dance composition) is the art of making structures in which movement occurs, the term composition may also refer to the navigation or connection of these movement structures. ... A contemporary dancer rehearsing in a dance studio Dance generally refers to human movement either used as a form of expression or presented in a social, spiritual or performance setting. ... Musical theater (or theatre) is a form of theatre combining music, songs, dance, and spoken dialogue. ... Choreography (also known as dance composition) is the art of making structures in which movement occurs, the term composition may also refer to the navigation or connection of these movement structures. ... For other uses, see Ballet (disambiguation). ... A revival is a restaging of a former hit play at a later date. ... The Metropolitan Opera is located at Lincoln Center in New York, New York. ... Choreography (also known as dance composition) is the art of making structures in which movement occurs, the term composition may also refer to the navigation or connection of these movement structures. ... High Button Shoes is a musical theater production, first staged at the New Century Theatre on Broadway on October 9, 1947. ... Musical theater (or theatre) is a form of theatre combining music, songs, dance, and spoken dialogue. ... Choreography (also known as dance composition) is the art of making structures in which movement occurs, the term composition may also refer to the navigation or connection of these movement structures. ... What is popularly called the Tony Award (formally, the Antoinette Perry Award for Excellence in Theatre) is an annual award celebrating achievements in live American theater, including musical theater, primarily honoring productions on Broadway in New York. ... Musical theater (or theatre) is a form of theatre combining music, songs, dance, and spoken dialogue. ... Choreography (also known as dance composition) is the art of making structures in which movement occurs, the term composition may also refer to the navigation or connection of these movement structures. ... A theatre director is a principal in the theatre field who oversees and orchestrates the mounting of a play by unifying various endeavors and aspects of production. ... Musical theater (or theatre) is a form of theatre combining music, songs, dance, and spoken dialogue. ... Choreography (also known as dance composition) is the art of making structures in which movement occurs, the term composition may also refer to the navigation or connection of these movement structures. ... Call Me Madam is one of Irving Berlins last musical comedies. ... Musical theater (or theatre) is a form of theatre combining music, songs, dance, and spoken dialogue. ... Choreography (also known as dance composition) is the art of making structures in which movement occurs, the term composition may also refer to the navigation or connection of these movement structures. ... The King and I is a musical by Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II, with a script based on the book Anna and the King of Siam by Margaret Landon. ... Musical theater (or theatre) is a form of theatre combining music, songs, dance, and spoken dialogue. ... Choreography (also known as dance composition) is the art of making structures in which movement occurs, the term composition may also refer to the navigation or connection of these movement structures. ... Twos Company was a musical revue with principal sketches by Charles Sherman and Peter DeVries, principal lyrics by Ogden Nash and Sammy Cahn, and principal music by Vernon Duke. ... A revue is a type of theatrical entertainment that combines music, dance and sketches that satirize contemporary figures, news, or literature. ... Choreography (also known as dance composition) is the art of making structures in which movement occurs, the term composition may also refer to the navigation or connection of these movement structures. ... The Pajama Game is a musical based on the novel 7-1/2 Cents by Richard Bissell. ... Musical theater (or theatre) is a form of theatre combining music, songs, dance, and spoken dialogue. ... A theatre director is a principal in the theatre field who oversees and orchestrates the mounting of a play by unifying various endeavors and aspects of production. ... This article is about the play by J.M. Barrie. ... Musical theater (or theatre) is a form of theatre combining music, songs, dance, and spoken dialogue. ... A theatre director is a principal in the theatre field who oversees and orchestrates the mounting of a play by unifying various endeavors and aspects of production. ... Choreography (also known as dance composition) is the art of making structures in which movement occurs, the term composition may also refer to the navigation or connection of these movement structures. ... Bells Are Ringing is a stage musical first mounted in 1956. ... Musical theater (or theatre) is a form of theatre combining music, songs, dance, and spoken dialogue. ... A theatre director is a principal in the theatre field who oversees and orchestrates the mounting of a play by unifying various endeavors and aspects of production. ... Choreography (also known as dance composition) is the art of making structures in which movement occurs, the term composition may also refer to the navigation or connection of these movement structures. ... Bob Fosse, early promotional image Bob Fosse (June 23, 1927 – September 23, 1987) was a musical theater choreographer and director. ... What is popularly called the Tony Award (formally, the Antoinette Perry Award for Excellence in Theatre) is an annual award celebrating achievements in live American theater, including musical theater, primarily honoring productions on Broadway in New York. ... This article is about the musical. ... Musical theater (or theatre) is a form of theatre combining music, songs, dance, and spoken dialogue. ... Choreography (also known as dance composition) is the art of making structures in which movement occurs, the term composition may also refer to the navigation or connection of these movement structures. ... A theatre director is a principal in the theatre field who oversees and orchestrates the mounting of a play by unifying various endeavors and aspects of production. ... What is popularly called the Tony Award (formally, the Antoinette Perry Award for Excellence in Theatre) is an annual award celebrating achievements in live American theater, including musical theater, primarily honoring productions on Broadway in New York. ... For other uses, see Ballet (disambiguation). ... Chopin redirects here. ... Choreography (also known as dance composition) is the art of making structures in which movement occurs, the term composition may also refer to the navigation or connection of these movement structures. ... The Prélude à laprès-midi dun faune (or Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun) is a musical composition for orchestra by Claude Debussy that was first performed in 1894. ... For other uses, see Ballet (disambiguation). ... Claude Debussy, photo by Félix Nadar, 1908. ... Choreography (also known as dance composition) is the art of making structures in which movement occurs, the term composition may also refer to the navigation or connection of these movement structures. ... For other uses, see Ballet (disambiguation). ... Georges Auric (February 15, 1899 &#8211; July 23, 1983) was a French composer, born in Lodève, Hérault, Languedoc-Roussillon, France. ... Choreography (also known as dance composition) is the art of making structures in which movement occurs, the term composition may also refer to the navigation or connection of these movement structures. ... For other uses, see Ballet (disambiguation). ... 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What is popularly called the Tony Award (formally, the Antoinette Perry Award for Excellence in Theatre) is an annual award celebrating achievements in live American theater, including musical theater, primarily honoring productions on Broadway in New York. ... For other uses, see Ballet (disambiguation). ... Choreography (also known as dance composition) is the art of making structures in which movement occurs, the term composition may also refer to the navigation or connection of these movement structures. ... Hi! Youre car can speak <a href=http://immobilizer. ... Musical theater (or theatre) is a form of theatre combining music, songs, dance, and spoken dialogue. ... Mother Courage and Her Children (German: Mutter Courage und ihre Kinder) was a play written in 1939 by the German dramatist and poet Bertolt Brecht (1898 - 1956) with significant contributions from his mistress at the time, Margarete Steffin. ... For other uses, see Play (disambiguation). ... A theatrical producer is the person ultimately responsible for overseeing all aspects of mounting a theatrical production. ... A theatre director is a principal in the theatre field who oversees and orchestrates the mounting of a play by unifying various endeavors and aspects of production. ... What is popularly called the Tony Award (formally, the Antoinette Perry Award for Excellence in Theatre) is an annual award celebrating achievements in live American theater, including musical theater, primarily honoring productions on Broadway in New York. ... A Tony Award for Best Play has been awarded since 1947. ... For other uses, see Play (disambiguation). ... A theatre director is a principal in the theatre field who oversees and orchestrates the mounting of a play by unifying various endeavors and aspects of production. ... Original cast album Funny Girl is a semi-biographical musical based on the life and career of Broadway and film star and comedienne Fanny Brice and her stormy relationship with entrepreneur and gambler Nicky Arnstein. ... Musical theater (or theatre) is a form of theatre combining music, songs, dance, and spoken dialogue. ... This article is about the Atlas Supervisor computer program. ... For the film, see Fiddler on the Roof (film) Fiddler on the Roof is a well-known Tony Award-winning musical with music by Jerry Bock, lyrics by Sheldon Harnick, and book by Joseph Stein, set in Tsarist Russia in 1905. ... Musical theater (or theatre) is a form of theatre combining music, songs, dance, and spoken dialogue. ... A theatre director is a principal in the theatre field who oversees and orchestrates the mounting of a play by unifying various endeavors and aspects of production. ... Choreography (also known as dance composition) is the art of making structures in which movement occurs, the term composition may also refer to the navigation or connection of these movement structures. ... What is popularly called the Tony Award (formally, the Antoinette Perry Award for Excellence in Theatre) is an annual award celebrating achievements in live American theater, including musical theater, primarily honoring productions on Broadway in New York. ... What is popularly called the Tony Award (formally, the Antoinette Perry Award for Excellence in Theatre) is an annual award celebrating achievements in live American theater, including musical theater, primarily honoring productions on Broadway in New York. ... A theatre director is a principal in the theatre field who oversees and orchestrates the mounting of a play by unifying various endeavors and aspects of production. ... A revue is a type of theatrical entertainment that combines music, dance and sketches that satirize contemporary figures, news, or literature. ... A theatre director is a principal in the theatre field who oversees and orchestrates the mounting of a play by unifying various endeavors and aspects of production. ... Choreography (also known as dance composition) is the art of making structures in which movement occurs, the term composition may also refer to the navigation or connection of these movement structures. ... What is popularly called the Tony Award (formally, the Antoinette Perry Award for Excellence in Theatre) is an annual award celebrating achievements in live American theater, including musical theater, primarily honoring productions on Broadway in New York. ...

Death

Following a bicycle accident in 1990 and heart-valve surgery in 1994; in 1996 he began showing signs of a form of Parkinson’s disease and his hearing was quickly getting worse. However, he insisted on staging Les Noces for City Ballet in 1998. It was the last thing he did. He suffered a massive stroke two months later, and he died at his home in New York on July 29, 1998. On the evening of his death, the lights of Broadway were dimmed for a moment in tribute. In the more than sixty years in which he had been active in the theater, he had transformed it.

Notable awards

On screen, Robbins recreated his stage dances for The King and I (1956) and shared the Best Director Oscar with Robert Wise for the film version of West Side Story (1961). That same year, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences honored him with a special award for his choreographic achievements on film. By the end of his life in 1998, he would be awarded 5 Tony Awards, 2 Academy Awards, a Kennedy Center Honor, the National Medal of the Arts, the French Legion of Honor, three Honorary Doctorates, and an Honorary Membership in the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters. The King and I is a musical by Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II, with a script based on the book Anna and the King of Siam by Margaret Landon. ... Academy Award The Academy Awards, popularly known as the Oscars, are the most prominent and most watched film awards ceremony in the world. ... Robert Wise (September 10, 1914 – September 14, 2005) was a sound effects editor, film editor, and Academy Award-winning American film producer and director. ... West Side Story is a 1961 film directed by Robert Wise and Jerome Robbins. ... Pickford Center for Motion Picture Study in Hollywood, California Founded on May 11, 1927 in California, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) is a professional honorary organization dedicated to the advancement of the arts and sciences of motion pictures. ...

Billy Wilder (June 22, 1906 – March 27, 2002) was an Austrian-born, Jewish-American journalist, screenwriter, film director, and producer whose career spanned more than 50 years and 60 films. ... The Apartment is a 1960 romantic comedy-drama directed by Billy Wilder, and starring Jack Lemmon, Shirley MacLaine, and Fred MacMurray. ... The Academy Award for Directing is one of the awards given to people working in the motion picture industry by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences; the awards are voted on by other people within the industry. ... West Side Story is a 1961 film directed by Robert Wise and Jerome Robbins. ... Robert Wise (September 10, 1914 – September 14, 2005) was a sound effects editor, film editor, and Academy Award-winning American film producer and director. ... Sir David Lean, KBE (March 25, 1908 – April 16, 1991) was an English film director and producer, best remembered for big-screen epics such as Lawrence of Arabia, The Bridge on the River Kwai, and Doctor Zhivago . ... Lawrence of Arabia is an award-winning 1962 film based on the life of T. E. Lawrence. ...

References

Lawrence, Greg (2001). Dance with Demons: The Life of Jerome Robbins. G.P. Putnam's Sons. ISBN 0399146520. OCLC 45015298.  The Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) was founded in 1967 and originally named the Ohio College Library Center. ...

1. ^ Rockwell, John. "American Bodies", New York Times, 2006-12-31. Retrieved on 2006-12-30. 

Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 365th day of the year (366th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 364th day of the year (365th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Further reading

Jowitt, Deborah (2005-08-02). Jerome Robbins: His Life, His Theater, His Dance. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0684869865.  There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ...

Lawrence, Greg (2002). Dance with Demons: The Life of Jerome Robbins. Berkley Trade. ISBN 0425183475. 

Vaill, Amanda (2006-11-21). Somewhere: The Life of Jerome Robbins. Broadway. ISBN 978-0767904209. 

External links

• Jerome Robbins at the Internet Broadway Database