 John Horton Conway (born December 26, 1937, Liverpool, England) is a prolific mathematician active in the theory of finite groups, knot theory, number theory, combinatorial game theory and coding theory. Image File history File links JohnHortonConway. ...
December 26 is the 360th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, 361st in leap years. ...
1937 was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ...
Liverpool is a city and metropolitan borough in Northwest England, on the north side of the Mersey estuary. ...
Royal motto (French): Dieu et mon droit (Translated: God and my right) Englands location within the UK Official language English de facto Capital London de facto Largest city London Area - Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 km² Population - Total (mid-2004) - Density Ranked 1st UK 50. ...
A mathematician is a person whose area of study and research is mathematics. ...
In mathematics, a group is a set, together with a binary operation, such as multiplication or addition, satisfying certain axioms, detailed below. ...
Trefoil knot, the simplest non-trivial knot. ...
Traditionally, number theory is that branch of pure mathematics concerned with the properties of integers. ...
Combinatorial game theory (CGT) is a mathematical theory that studies a certain kind of game. ...
Coding theory deals with the properties of codes, and thus with their fitness for a specific application. ...
Among amateur mathematicians, he is perhaps most widely known for his combinatorial game theory and for the invention of the game of life. He is also one of the inventors of sprouts, as well as philosopher's football, and he developed detailed analyses of many other games and puzzles, such as the Soma cube. He came up with the still unsolved Angel problem. Combinatorial game theory (CGT) is a mathematical theory that studies a certain kind of game. ...
Gosper Glider Gun creating gliders. The Game of Life is a cellular automaton devised by the British mathematician John Horton Conway in 1970. ...
Sprouts is a pencil-and-paper game with interesting mathematical properties. ...
Phutball (short for philosophers football) is a two-player board game described in Elwyn Berlekamp, John Conway, and Richard Guys Winning Ways for your Mathematical Plays. ...
The pieces of a Soma cube (with extra coloring) The same puzzle, assembled into a cube The Soma cube is a solid dissection puzzle created by Piet Hein during a lecture on quantum mechanics by Werner Heisenberg. ...
The blue dotted region shows where an angel of power 3 could reach The Angel problem is a question in game theory proposed by John Conway. ...
He invented a new system of numbers, the surreal numbers, which are closely related to certain games and have been the subject of a mathematical novel by Donald Knuth. He also invented a nomenclature for exceedingly large numbers, the Conway chained arrow notation. In mathematics, the surreal numbers are a field containing the real numbers as well as infinite and infinitesimal numbers, respectively larger or smaller in absolute value than any positive real number, and therefore the surreals are algebraically similiar to superreal numbers and hyperreal numbers. ...
Donald Knuth Donald Ervin Knuth (born January 10, 1938) is a renowned computer scientist and professor emeritus at Stanford University. ...
For information on how large numbers are named in English, see names of large numbers. ...
Conway chained arrow notation, created by mathematician John Conway, is a means of expressing certain extremely large numbers. ...
With Michael Guy, he established that there are 64 convex nonprismatic uniform polychora in the mid-1960s. In geometry, a four-dimensional polytope is sometimes called a polychoron (plural: polychora) (from Greek poly meaning many and choros meaning room or space), 4-polytope, or polyhedroid. ...
In geometry, a four-dimensional polytope is sometimes called a polychoron (plural: polychora) (from Greek poly meaning many and choros meaning room or space), 4-polytope, or polyhedroid. ...
He worked on the classification of finite simple groups and discovered the Conway groups. The classification of the finite simple groups is a vast body of work in mathematics, mostly published between around 1955 and 1983, which is thought to classify all of the finite simple groups. ...
In mathematics, the Conway groups Co1, Co2, and Co3 are three sporadic groups discovered by John Horton Conway. ...
For calculating the day of the week, he invented the Doomsday algorithm. This article details a mathematical algorithm to calculate the day of the week for any particular date in the past or future. ...
The Doomsday algorithm is a way of calculating the day of the week of a given date. ...
In 2004, Conway and Simon Kochen, another Princeton mathematician, proved the Free Will Theorem, a startling version of the No Hidden Variables principle of Quantum Mechanics. It states that given certain conditions (that almost every physicist agrees are true), if an experimenter can freely decide what quantities to measure in a particular experiment, then elementary particles must be free to choose their spins in order to make the measurements consistent with physical law. Or, in Conway's provocative wording, if experimenters have free will, then so do elementary particles. In physics, a hidden variable theory is urged by a minority of physicists who argue that the statistical nature of quantum mechanics implies that quantum mechanics is incomplete; it is really applicable only to ensembles of particles; new physical phenomena beyond quantum mechanics are needed to explain an individual event. ...
Fig. ...
Conway is currently professor of mathematics at Princeton University. He studied at Cambridge University. In 1981 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society. For other Princetons, see Princeton. ...
The University of Cambridge is the second-oldest university in the English-speaking world, with one of the most selective sets of entry requirements in the United Kingdom. ...
1981 (MCMLXXXI) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge, known simply as the Royal Society, is claimed to be the oldest learned society still in existence. ...
He has (co-)written several books including the Atlas of Finite Groups, Sphere Packings, Lattices and Groups, The Sensual (Quadratic) Form, On Numbers and Games, Winning Ways for your Mathematical Plays The Book of Numbers, and On Quaternions and Octonions. On Numbers and Games is a mathematics book by John Conway, published by Academic Press Inc in 1976, ISBN 0121863506, and re-released by AK Peters in 2000 (ISBN 1568811276). ...
Winning Ways for your Mathematical Plays (ISBN 1568811306) by Elwyn R. Berlekamp, John H. Conway, and Richard K. Guy is a compendium of information on mathematical games. ...
See also
Conways LUX method for magic squares is an algorithm for creating magic squares of order 4n+2, where n is a natural number. ...
Conways orbifold notation, introduced by John Conway, applies, among other things, to three classes of symmetry types: wallpaper groups, frieze groups and point groups in three dimensions. ...
Conway chained arrow notation, created by mathematician John Conway, is a means of expressing certain extremely large numbers. ...
External links and references - Biography at the MacTutor archive by O'Connor and Robertson
- Mark Alpert, "Not Just Fun and Games", Scientific American April 1999. online version
- Jasvir Nagra, "Conway's Proof Of The Free Will Theorem" [1]
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