Julia Livilla, daughter of Germanicus

Julia Livilla or Julia Germanici filia (Lesbos, early 18 AD-Pandateria (?) late 41 or early 42 AD) was the youngest child of Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder and one of Caligula's sisters. She was mainly raised by her mother, the Emperor Tiberius, his mother Livia Drusilla (also her great grandmother), and her grandmother Antonia Minor. She was born on the Greek island of Lesbos (leading Robert Graves to refer to her as "Lesbia" in his I, Claudius and Claudius the God). In most ancient litterary sources, on inscriptions and on coins, she's simply called Julia. It is possible that she dropped the use of her cognomen after the damnatio memoriae of her aunt Livilla, after which she was named. Image File history File links Julia-Livilla. ... Image File history File links Julia-Livilla. ... The Julio-Claudian dynasty was the series of the first five Roman Emperors. ... For the honorific title, see Augustus (honorific). ... Tiberius Caesar Augustus, born Tiberius Claudius Nero (November 16, 42 BC – March 16 AD 37), was the second Roman Emperor, from the death of Augustus in AD 14 until his own death in 37 AD. Tiberius was by birth a Claudian, son of Tiberius Nero and Livia. ... Gaius Iulius Caesar Germanicus (August 31, 12 – January 24, 41), most commonly known as Caligula, was the third Roman Emperor and a member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, ruling from 37 to 41. ... For other uses, see Claudius (disambiguation). ... Nero Claudius Cæsar Augustus Germanicus (December 15, 37–June 9, 68), born Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus, also called Nero Claudius Drusus Germanicus, was the fifth and last Roman Emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty (54–68). ... Lesbos Prefecture Lesbos Island Category: ... For other uses, see number 18. ... Ventotene and the Pontine Islands. ... Events January 24 - Roman Emperor Gaius Caesar (Caligula), known for his eccentricity and cruel despotism, is assassinated by his disgruntled Praetorian Guards. ... Events Romans take control of Ceuta. ... Bust of Germanicus in the Louvre Germanicus Julius Caesar Claudianus, possibly Nero Claudius Drusus Germanicus before adoption (15 BC–AD October 10, 19) was a member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty of the early Roman Empire. ... Agrippina the Elder Julia Vipsania Agrippina (circa 14 BC– AD 33), known as Agrippina Major (Agrippina the Elder), was one of the most powerful women in the Roman Empire in the early 1st century AD. She was the daughter of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa by his third wife Julia Caesaris, was... Gaius Iulius Caesar Germanicus (August 31, 12 – January 24, 41), most commonly known as Caligula, was the third Roman Emperor and a member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, ruling from 37 to 41. ... Tiberius Caesar Augustus, born Tiberius Claudius Nero (November 16, 42 BC – March 16 AD 37), was the second Roman Emperor, from the death of Augustus in AD 14 until his own death in 37 AD. Tiberius was by birth a Claudian, son of Tiberius Nero and Livia. ... Livia Livia Drusa Augusta, Livia Drusilla, or Julia Augusta (58 BC-AD 29) was the wife of Caesar Augustus and the most powerful woman in Roman history, acting several times as regent and being Augustus faithful advisor. ... Julia Antonia Cretica Minor (the younger) (31 January 36 BC - September/October 37 AD) or Antonia the Younger or simply known as Antonia. ... Lesbos (Greek: Λέσβος - Lésvos, Turkish: Midilli; see also List of traditional Greek place names) is a Greek island located in the northeastern Aegean Sea; its inhabitants are called Lesvonians (rather than Lesbians) or Lesviotians. ... Portrait of Robert Graves (circa 1974) by Rab Shiell Robert von Ranke Graves (24 July 1895 – 7 December 1985) was an English scholar, poet, and novelist. ... I, Claudius is a novel by Robert Graves, (ISBN 067972477X) first published in 1934, dealing sympathetically with the life of the Roman Emperor Claudius and the history of the Julio-Claudian Dynasty and Roman Empire, from Julius Caesars assassination in 44 BC to Caligulas assassination in 41 AD... I, Claudius is a novel by Robert Graves, (ISBN 067972477X) first published in 1934, dealing sympathetically with the life of the Roman Emperor Claudius and the history of the Julio-Claudian Dynasty and Roman Empire, from Julius Caesars assassination in 44 BC to Caligulas assassination in 41 AD... Damnatio memoriae (Latin for damnation of memory, in the sense of removed from the remembrance) was a form of dishonor that could be passed by the Roman Senate upon traitors or others who brought discredit to the Roman Empire. ... Claudia Julia Livia, also known as Livilla or Julia Livilla the Elder (circa 13 BC–AD 31) was the only daughter of Nero Claudius Drusus and Antonia. ...

In 33, she married Marcus Vinicius. Vinicius' family came from a small town outside of Rome. He descended from a family of knights and his father and grandfather were consuls. Her husband was mild in character and was an elaborate orator. Vinicius was appointed by Tiberius as a commissioner in early 37. Events The following Christian chronology uses traditional dates set by biblical scholars; 30 and 28 are also suggested as a date for the Messianic events. ... An Equestrian (Latin eques, plural equites) was a member of one of the two upper social classes in the Roman Republic and early Roman Empire. ... Consul (abbrev. ... Orator is a Latin word for speaker (from the Latin verb oro, meaning I speak or I pray). In ancient Rome, the art of speaking in public (Ars Oratoria) was a professional competence especially cultivated by politicians and lawyers. ... Events March 18 - The Roman Senate annuls Tiberius will and proclaims Caligula Roman Emperor. ...

Caligulan coin of Julia Livilla, from the city of Mytilene, capital of Lesbos

Little is known of Julia Livilla. During the first years of Caligula's reign, she, along with her elder sisters Agrippina and Drusilla, received considerable honours and striking privileges, such as the rights of the Vestal Virgins (like the freedom to view public games from the upper seats in the stadium), the inclusion of her name in the oath of loyalty to the emperor and her depiction on coins. She seemed to have enjoyed a rather wild life at the court of Caligula and according to Suetonius (Suet. Caligula, 24), she, along with Agrippina, allowed herself to be prostituted by her brother to his catamites. Ancient writers even report gossip of incestuous relations between Caligula and his sisters, including Julia Livilla. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (841x833, 531 KB)Coin of Julia Livilla, daughter of Germanicus, from the city of Mytilene, capital of Lesbos. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (841x833, 531 KB)Coin of Julia Livilla, daughter of Germanicus, from the city of Mytilene, capital of Lesbos. ... This city is not ot be confused with a village in the island of Samos named Mytilinii Mytilene (Μυτιλήνη in Greek) is the capital city of Lesbos, a Greek island in the Aegean Sea. ... Julia Vipsania Agrippina Minor or Agrippina Minor (Latin for the younger) (November 7, AD 15 – March 59), often called Agrippinilla to distinguish her from her mother, was the daughter of Germanicus and Agrippina Major. ... Julia Drusilla (September 16, 7 - June 10, 38) was a daughter to Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder. ... Julia Vipsania Agrippina Minor or Agrippina Minor (Latin for the younger) (November 7, AD 15 – March 59), often called Agrippinilla to distinguish her from her mother, was the daughter of Germanicus and Agrippina Major. ...

In 39, she was involved in an unsuccessful conspiracy (led perhaps by the ambitious Agrippina) to overthrow Caligula and to replace him by his brother-in-law Marcus Aemilius Lepidus (Drusilla's widower, but also lover of Agrippina and Julia Livilla). She and her sister Agrippina were banished to the Pontian Islands (they were perhaps separated in their exile and each one sent to a different island). After Caligula's murder, she returned from exile. Later in 41, she fell out of favour with Messalina and was charged by her uncle Claudius with adultery with the philosopher Seneca. Both were exiled. She was probably sent to Pandateria. Political considerations may have played a role in Julia Livilla's fate, more than just moral or domestic preoccupations as inferred in the ancient sources. In late 41 or early 42, her uncle ordered her execution, apparently by starvation, without a defence and on unsupported charges. Her remains may have been brought to Rome when her sister Agrippina became empress; they were laid to rest in the mausoleum of Augustus. For alternate uses, see Number 39. ... Julia Vipsania Agrippina Minor or Agrippina Minor (Latin for the younger) (November 7, AD 15 – March 59), often called Agrippinilla to distinguish her from her mother, was the daughter of Germanicus and Agrippina Major. ... Gaius Iulius Caesar Germanicus (August 31, 12 – January 24, 41), most commonly known as Caligula, was the third Roman Emperor and a member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, ruling from 37 to 41. ... Marcus Aemilius Lepidus was a common name for several successive generations of a family in ancient Rome: Marcus Aemilius Lepidus (187 BC) Marcus Aemilius Lepidus (120-77 BC) Marcus Aemilius Lepidus (triumvir) (49 BC) Lepidus the Younger Marcus Aemilius Lepidus (consul AD 6) This is a disambiguation page — a navigational... Julia Vipsania Agrippina Minor or Agrippina Minor (Latin for the younger) (November 7, AD 15 – March 59), often called Agrippinilla to distinguish her from her mother, was the daughter of Germanicus and Agrippina Major. ... Events January 24 - Roman Emperor Gaius Caesar (Caligula), known for his eccentricity and cruel despotism, is assassinated by his disgruntled Praetorian Guards. ... Valeria Messalina (17/18 –48 AD) was the third wife of the Roman emperor Claudius. ... For other uses, see Claudius (disambiguation). ... Portrait bust formerly identified as Seneca the Younger Lucius Annaeus Seneca (often known simply as Seneca, or Seneca the Younger) (ca. ... Ventotene and the Pontine Islands. ... Events January 24 - Roman Emperor Gaius Caesar (Caligula), known for his eccentricity and cruel despotism, is assassinated by his disgruntled Praetorian Guards. ... Events Romans take control of Ceuta. ... Julia Vipsania Agrippina Minor or Agrippina Minor (Latin for the younger) (November 7, AD 15 – March 59), often called Agrippinilla to distinguish her from her mother, was the daughter of Germanicus and Agrippina Major. ...

A series of portrait heads, usually known as the Leptis-Malta type, has been identified with Julia Livilla.

See also

• Julio-Claudian Family Tree

The Julio-Claudian dynasty of the early Roman Empire has a family tree complicated by multiple marriages between the members of the gens Julia and the gens Claudia. ...

References

Biography

• Levick, Barbara, Claudius. Yale University Press, New Haven, 1990.
• Anthony A. Barrett, Agrippina: Sex, Power and Politics in the Early Roman Empire. Yale University Press, New Haven, 1996.

Portraiture

• Rose, Charles Brian, Dynastic Commemoration and Imperial Portraiture in the Julio-Claudian Period. Cambridge, 1997.
• Wood, Susan, Diva Drusilla Panthea and the Sisters of Caligula, American Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 99, No. 3. (Jul., 1995), pp. 457-482.

Ancient

• Tacitus
• Suetonius
• Dio Cassius