Land Rover
Type	Subsidiary
Founded	1948
Founder	Rover
Headquarters	Gaydon, England
Key people	David Smith,Acting CEO
Industry	Automotive
Products	Automobiles
Employees	13,000
Parent	Tata Motors
Website	www.landrover.com

Land Rover is an all-terrain vehicle and Multi Purpose Vehicle (MPV) manufacturer, based in Gaydon, England with two production plants, one at Solihull, West Midlands which builds the Defender, Discovery, Range Rover and Range Rover Sport models and the second at Halewood, Merseyside which makes the Freelander 2 and also the Jaguar X type. Originally the term Land Rover referred to one specific vehicle, a pioneering civilian all-terrain utility vehicle launched on April 30, 1948, at the Amsterdam Motor Show, but was later used as a brand for several distinct models, all four-wheel drive. Land Rover Logo, claiming fair use This work is copyrighted. ... A subsidiary, in business, is an entity that is controlled by another entity. ... Year 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... For the computer game by Peter Molyneux, see The Entrepreneur. ... // Rover was a British automobile manufacturer and later a marque based at the former Austin Longbridge plant in Birmingham. ... Gaydon is a village in Warwickshire, England, close to Leamington Spa. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... Car redirects here. ... This article is about work. ... For the band, see Big Brother and the Holding Company. ... Tata Motors Limited (Hindi: ), formerly known as TELCO (TATA Engineering and Locomotive Company), is a multinational corporation headquartered in Mumbai, India. ... A website (alternatively, web site or Web site) is a collection of Web pages, images, videos or other digital assets that is hosted on one or more web servers, usually accessible via the Internet. ... MPV is short for Multi Purpose Vehicle. ... Gaydon is a village in Warwickshire, England, close to Leamington Spa. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... , Solihull (IPA: , or ) is a large town in the West Midlands of England, with a population of 94,753. ... The County of West Midlands is a metropolitan county in western central England with a population of around 2,600,000 people. ... Halewood is a town (population c 22,000) in the Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley, Merseyside, England, situated to the south-east of Liverpool. ... Merseyside is a metropolitan county in North West England, with a population of 1,365,900. ... is the 120th day of the year (121st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the class of vehicles. ...

Starting out as part of The Rover Car Company or Rover range, Land Rovers were designed and manufactured as a range of four-wheel drive vehicles under a succession of owners, including British Leyland, British Aerospace and BMW. In 2000, the marque was sold by BMW to the Ford Motor Company, becoming part of their Premier Automotive Group. Media reports stated that Jaguar and Land Rover became owned by the Indian company Tata Motors on March 26, 2008,^[1] this contradicted press releases by the Ford Motor Company and Tata Motors issued on the same day, stating that the sale was not due to be completed until the end of the second quarter of 2008.^[2][3] // Rover was a British automobile manufacturer and later a marque based at the former Austin Longbridge plant in Birmingham. ... The British Leyland Motor Corporation (often abbreviated to simply BL), was a Britain in 1968. ... British Aerospace (BAe) was a UK aircraft and defence systems manufacturer, now part of BAE Systems. ... For other uses, see BMW (disambiguation). ... “Ford” redirects here. ... The Premier Automotive Group (PAG), is a group within the Ford Motor Company that oversaw the business operations of ip in Energy and Environmental Design]] Certification from the U.S. Green Building Council. ... Tata Motors Limited (Hindi: ), formerly known as TELCO (TATA Engineering and Locomotive Company), is a multinational corporation headquartered in Mumbai, India. ... March 26 is the 85th day of the year (86th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ...

It is understood that Ford Motor Company Ltd. will not retain any shareholding in either the Jaguar or Land-Rover companies, unlike Aston Martin where on its sale a small shareholding was retained; the total sum to be paid in cash by Tata Motors is approximately US $ 2.3 billion, Ford will then contribute up to US $600 million to the Jaguar Land Rover pension plans. Aston Martin Lagonda Limited is a British manufacturer of luxury performance cars, whose headquarters are at Gaydon, Warwickshire, England. ...

Land Rover is one of the longest lived sport utility vehicle (SUV) brands (the only brand which is older is Jeep). This article or section may be confusing or unclear for some readers, and should be edited to rectify this. ... For other uses, see Jeep (disambiguation). ...

Manufacturing & Business

80-inch Series I

Land Rovers are manufactured primarily at the Solihull plant, near Birmingham, England. Production of the "Freelander" (2) was moved to the Jaguar car factory at Halewood near Liverpool, a former Ford car plant. Defender models are assembled under license in several locations worldwide, including Spain (Santana Motors), Iran (Pazhan Morattab), Brazil (Karmann)and Turkey (Otokar).[1] The former BL/Rover Group technical centre at Gaydon in Warwickshire is home to the Land Rover corporate and R&D headquarters. Image File history File links Landrover_Serie_I_von_1952. ... Image File history File links Landrover_Serie_I_von_1952. ... , Solihull (IPA: , or ) is a large town in the West Midlands of England, with a population of 94,753. ... This article is about the British city. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... Jaguar Cars Limited is a luxury car manufacturer, originally with headquarters in Browns Lane, Coventry, England but now at Whitley, Coventry. ... Halewood is a town (population c 22,000) in the Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley, Merseyside, England, situated to the south-east of Liverpool. ... For other uses, see Liverpool (disambiguation). ... The Land Rover Defender is a British four wheel drive Off-road utility vehicle. ... Santana Motor S.A. is an Spanish car manufacturer based in Linares, in the province of Jaen, Spain. ... Morattab is an SUV manufacturer based in Tehran, Iran. ... Wilhelm Karmann GmbH in Osnabrück, Germany is the largest independent motor vehicle company in Germany. ... Logo of Otokar Otokar, a sub-division of the Koc Group, is the manufacturer of all types of wheeled vehicles and is headquartered in Sakarya, Turkey. ... Gaydon is a village in Warwickshire, England, close to Leamington Spa. ... A detailed map Stratford-upon-Avon Kenilworth Castle Warwickshire (pronounced // or //) is a landlocked non-metropolitan county in central England. ... The phrase research and development (also R and D or R&D) has a special commercial significance apart from its conventional coupling of research and technological development. ...

Sale

On 11 June 2007, Ford announced that its plan to sell Land Rover, along with Jaguar. Ford retained the services of Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley and HSBC to advise it on the details of the deal. The buyer was initially expected to be announced by September 2007, but the sale was delayed and an announcement was not made until March 2008. A UK based private equity firm, Alchemy Partners, besides Tata Motors and Mahindra and Mahindra (both from India) have expressed interest in purchasing Jaguar and Land Rover from the Ford Motor Company.^[4][5] is the 162nd day of the year (163rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. ... Morgan Stanley (NYSE: MS) is one of the largest and the most reputed investment banks headquartered in New York City. ... HSBC Holdings plc (traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ) (LSE:HSBA, SEHK: 0005, NYSE: HBC, Euronext: HSBC, BSX: 1077223879), or The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Holdings plc, is the worlds largest corporation and the worlds largest bank, as calculated by the annual Forbes list of the worlds largest firms... The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a country in western Europe, and member of the Commonwealth of Nations, the G8, the European Union, and NATO. Usually known simply as the United Kingdom, the UK, or (inaccurately) as Great Britain or Britain, the UK has four constituent... Private equity is a broad term that refers to any type of equity investment in an asset in which the equity is not freely tradable on a public stock market. ... Tata Motors Limited (Hindi: ), formerly known as TELCO (TATA Engineering and Locomotive Company), is a multinational corporation headquartered in Mumbai, India. ... Mahindra corporate logo Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd (The Mahindra Group) is an Indian 2. ...

Before the sale was announced, Anthony Bamford, chairman of British excavators manufacturer JCB had expressed interest in purchasing Jaguar Cars in August, the year previously;^[6] only to back out later when told the sale would also involve Land Rover, which he did not intend to buy. ^[7] Tata Motors have received endorsements from the Transport And General Worker's Union (TGWU)-Amicus^[8] combine and Ford as a preferred bidder.^[9] JCB is a family business named after its founder J.C.Bamford, producing distinctive yellow-and-black engineering vehicles, diggers (Backhoes) and excavators. ... Tata Motors Limited (Hindi: ), formerly known as TELCO (TATA Engineering and Locomotive Company), is a multinational corporation headquartered in Mumbai, India. ... For other uses, see Amicus (disambiguation). ... Unite - the Union, known as Unite, is a British and Irish trade union, formed on 1 May 2007, by the merger of Amicus and the Transport & General Workers Union. ...

On March 26, 2008, Ford announced that it has agreed to sell its Jaguar and Land Rover operations to Tata Motors, and that the sale is expected to be completed by the end of the second quarter of 2008.^[10] March 26 is the 85th day of the year (86th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... Tata Motors Limited (Hindi: ), formerly known as TELCO (TATA Engineering and Locomotive Company), is a multinational corporation headquartered in Mumbai, India. ...

History

Land Rover Series I

The first Land Rover was designed in 1947 in the United Kingdom (on the island of Anglesey in Wales) by Maurice Wilks, chief designer at the British car company Rover on his farm in Newborough, Anglesey^[11]. It is said that he was inspired by an American World War II Jeep that he used one summer at his holiday home in Wales. The first Land Rover prototype 'centre steer' was built on a Jeep chassis. A distinctive feature is their bodies, constructed of a lightweight rustproof proprietary alloy of aluminium and magnesium called Birmabright. This material was used owing to post war steel shortages and a plentiful supply of post-war aircraft aluminium. This metal's resistance to corrosion was one of the factors that allowed the vehicle to build up a reputation for longevity in the toughest conditions. It is reckoned that 75% of all those ever built are still in use. In fact, Land Rover drivers^[12] sometimes refer to other makes of 4x4 as "disposables". The early choice of colour was dictated by military surplus supplies of aircraft cockpit paint, so early vehicles only came in various shades of light green; all models until recently feature sturdy box section ladder-frame chassis. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2272x1704, 816 KB) Land Rover Series I hardtop during the Norwegian Land-Rover Clubs 30th anniversary in Evje, Norway Source: Photograph by user File links The following pages link to this file: Land Rover (Series/Defender) User talk:Wimvandorst/archive... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2272x1704, 816 KB) Land Rover Series I hardtop during the Norwegian Land-Rover Clubs 30th anniversary in Evje, Norway Source: Photograph by user File links The following pages link to this file: Land Rover (Series/Defender) User talk:Wimvandorst/archive... Anglesey (historically Anglesea; Welsh: , pronounced (IPA)) is a predominantly Welsh-speaking island off the northwest coast of Wales. ... This article is about the country. ... Maurice Wilks was the chief designer at the British car company Rover at the end of World War II, responsible for the development of the Land Rover utility vehicle. ... // Rover was a British automobile manufacturer and later a marque based at the former Austin Longbridge plant in Birmingham. ... Newborough (Welsh: Niwbwrch) is a village in the south-western corner of Anglesey, Wales. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... Bantam GP is the landmark four wheel drive vehicle later to be known as the Jeep. ... This article is about the country. ... The Centre Steer is an early Land Rover prototype automobile. ... Bantam GP is the landmark four wheel drive vehicle later to be known as the Jeep. ... An alloy is a homogeneous hybrid of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal, and where the resulting material has metallic properties. ... Aluminum redirects here. ... General Name, symbol, number magnesium, Mg, 12 Chemical series alkaline earth metals Group, period, block 2, 3, s Appearance silvery white solid at room temp Standard atomic weight 24. ... Birmabright is a lightweight proprietary alloy of aluminium and magnesium used in the body of the Land Rover vehicles. ...

The early vehicles, such as the Series I, were field-tested at Long Bennington and designed to be field-serviced; advertisements for Rovers cite vehicles driven thousands of miles on banana oil. Now with more complex service requirements this is less of an option. The British Army maintains the use of the mechanically simple 2.5 litre 4 cylinder 300TDi engined versions rather than the electronically controlled 2.5 litre 5 cylinder TD5 to retain some servicing simplicity. This engine also continued in use in some export markets using units built at a Ford plant in Brazil, where Land Rovers were built under license and the engine was also used in Ford pick-up trucks built locally. Production of the TDi engine ended here in 2006, meaning that Land Rover no longer offers it as an option. International Motors of Brazil offer an engine called the 2.8 TGV Power Torque, which is essentially a 2.8-litre version of the 300TDi, with a corresponding increase in power and torque. All power is combined with an All-Terrain Traction Control which gives active terrain response; Ferrari uses a similar system in race traction. The Land Rover Series I, II, and III are off-road vehicles produced by the British manufacturer Land Rover. ... Isoamyl acetate is an organic compound that is the ester formed from isoamyl alcohol and acetic acid. ... The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. ... Ford may mean a number of things: A ford is a river crossing. ...

Since its purchase by Ford, Land Rover has been closely associated with Jaguar. In many countries they share a common sales and distribution network (including shared dealerships), and some models now share components and production facilities.

Challenge of Japanese makes

Since the 1970s, in remote areas of Africa, South America, Asia and the Australian Outback, the somewhat similar Nissan Patrol (which was the first 4x4 other than the Range Rover to adopt coil springs at the front and rear) and Mitsubishi Pajero (also known as Shogun in the UK and Montero in other markets) have overtaken the Land Rover as the utility 4x4 of choice, partly because of the better support network and reputation for reliability. In Australia at least, pricing is now actually comparable or in favour of the Land Rover, due to the shorter supply chain. Another reason seems to be the 'leadfoot' factor - the workhorse Toyota models tend to have larger engines than the comparable Land Rover models. The Nissan Patrol is a SUV manufactured by Nissan in Japan since 1950. ... The Mitsubishi Pajero (IPA: ) is a sport utility vehicle manufactured by Mitsubishi Motors. ... This page is a candidate to be moved to Wiktionary. ...

In Britain, the Land Rover fell from favour with the farming community with the arrival of less expensive Japanese alternatives, with Daihatsu Fourtracks, Isuzu Troopers and Mitsubishi Pajeros becoming a common sight on farms around the country, until rust eventually ended their working lives. However, with subtle improvements to the Defender in the early 1990s, and with the introduction of better, more reliable engines in the form of the TDi and the five-cylinder TD5, many farms once again have a Land Rover Defender in their drive. Daihatsu is a Japanese manufacturer of cars, especially compact/small cars. ... The Isuzu Trooper was a mid-size SUV produced by the Japanese automaker Isuzu between 1981 and 2002. ... The Mitsubishi Pajero (IPA: ) is a sport utility vehicle manufactured by Mitsubishi Motors. ... The Land Rover Defender is a British four wheel drive Off-road utility vehicle. ...

Company timeline

A Land Rover dealership in San Jose

• 1948: Land Rover is designed by the Wilks Brothers and is manufactured by the Rover Car Company
• 1958: Series II launched
• 1961: Series IIA began production
• 1967: Rover becomes part of Leyland Motors Ltd, later British Leyland (BL) as Rover Triumph.
• 1970: Introduction of the Range Rover
• 1971: Series III launched.
• 1975: BL collapses and is nationalised, publication of the Ryder Report recommends that Land Rover be split from Rover and be treated as a separate company within BL and becomes part of the new commercial vehicle division called the Land Rover Leyland Group
• 1976: One millionth Land Rover leaves the production line.
• 1978: Land Rover Limited formed as a separate subsidiary of British Leyland^[13]
• 1980: Rover car production ends at Solihull with the transfer of SD1 production to Cowley, Oxford; Solihull is now exclusively for Land Rover manufacture. 5-door Range Rover introduced.
• 1983: Land Rover 90 (Ninety)/110 (One-Ten)/127 (Land Rover Defender) introduced.
• 1986: BL plc becomes Rover Group plc; Project Llama started.
• 1988: Rover Group is privatised and becomes part of British Aerospace, and is now known simply as Rover.
• 1987: Range Rover is introduced to the U.S market
• 1989: Introduction of the Discovery ("Disco I" to enthusiasts)
• 1994: Rover Group is taken over by BMW. Introduction of second-generation Range Rover. (The original Range Rover was continued under the name 'Range Rover Classic' until 1995)
• 1997: Land Rover introduces the Special Edition Discovery XD with AA Yellow paint, subdued wheels, SD type roof racks, and a few other off-road upgrades directly from the factory. Produced only for the North American market, the Special Vehicles Division of Land Rover created only 250 of these bright yellow SUV's. Also Neill Browne started the first Camel Trophy event.
• 1998: Introduction of the Freelander
• 1999: Introduction of the second generation of Discovery (Disco II)
• 2000: BMW breaks up the Rover Group and sells Land Rover to Ford for £1.8 billion ^[14]
• 2002: Introduction of third-generation Range Rover
• 2005: Land Rover 'founder' Rover, collapses under the ownership of MG Rover Group.
• 2005: Introduction of the third-generation Discovery/LR3
• 2005: Introduction of Range Rover Sport
• 2005: Adoption of the Jaguar AJ-V8 engine to replace the BMW M62 V8 in the Range Rover
• 2006: Announcement of a new 2.4 litre diesel engine, 6 speed gearbox, dash and forward facing rear seats for Defender. Introduction of second generation of Freelander (Freelander 2). Ford acquires the Rover trademark from BMW, who previously licensed its use to MG Rover Group.
• 2007: May 8 4,000,000th Land Rover rolls off the production line, a Discovery 3 (LR3), donated to The Born Free Foundation.
• 2007: June 12 Announcement from the Ford Motor Company that it plans to sell Land Rover and also Jaguar Cars. This effectively dissolves the Premier Automotive Group (PAG) which previously included Aston Martin, until it was sold into private ownership by Ford in March 2007; at this time Ford has made no announcement regarding Volvo Cars.
• 2007: August India's Tata Motors and Mahindra and Mahindra as well as financial sponsors Cerberus Capital Management, TPG Capital and Apollo Management expressed their interest in purchasing Jaguar Cars and Land Rover from the Ford Motor Company.^[15]
• 2008: March 26 Tata Motors buys Land Rover for £1.15 billion.^[16]

Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1451x851, 198 KB) Summary A Land Rover car dealership in San Jose, California. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1451x851, 198 KB) Summary A Land Rover car dealership in San Jose, California. ... For other uses, see San José. Nickname: Location of San Jose within Santa Clara County, California Location of San Jose with the state of California Coordinates: , Country State County Santa Clara Pueblo founded November 29, 1777 Incorporated March 27, 1850 Government  - Type charter city, mayor-council  - Mayor Chuck Reed  - Vice... // Rover was a British automobile manufacturer and later a marque based at the former Austin Longbridge plant in Birmingham. ... The Land Rover Series I, II, and III are off-road vehicles produced by the British manufacturer Land Rover. ... The Land Rover Series I, II, and III are off-road vehicles produced by the British manufacturer Land Rover. ... Leyland Motors Limited was a British vehicle manufacturer of lorries and buses. ... The British Leyland Motor Corporation (often abbreviated to simply BL), was a Britain in 1968. ... Range Rover Classic is the name given by the automobile manufacturer Land Rover to first generation Range Rovers built from 1994 to 1996, a time when the then new second generation was also built; however, this term is also in both popular and enthusiast usage to describe the same vehicle... The Land Rover Series I, II, and III are off-road vehicles produced by the British manufacturer Land Rover. ... Ryder Report refers to the official report produced for the Government of the United Kingdom in 1975 by Sir Don Ryder, newly appointed of the United Kingdoms National Enterprise Board who was given the task of reporting on the British Leyland Motor Corporation and listing recommendations for its future. ... The Land Rover Defender is a British four wheel drive Off-road utility vehicle. ... British Aerospace (BAe) was a UK aircraft and defence systems manufacturer, now part of BAE Systems. ... MG Rover are the largest independent manufacturer of cars in the British motor industry. ... The Discovery is a four wheel drive on-road and off-road vehicle from the British car maker Land Rover. ... For other uses, see BMW (disambiguation). ... The Land Rover Freelander is a compact crossover SUV made by the British Land Rover, a subsidiary of the Tata Motors. ... “Ford” redirects here. ... The Range Rover is a four-wheel drive high-performance luxury SUV produced by Land Rover in the United Kingdom. ... // Rover was a British automobile manufacturer and later a marque based at the former Austin Longbridge plant in Birmingham. ... The Discovery is a four wheel drive on-road and off-road vehicle from the British car maker Land Rover. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The Jaguar AJ-V8 is a compact V8 piston engine used in many Jaguar vehicles. ... The BMW M62 is a V8 piston engine. ... The Liberty V8 aircraft engine clearly shows the configuration A V8 engine is a V engine with eight cylinders. ... “(TM)” redirects here. ... is the 128th day of the year (129th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Born Free Foundation originated in 1984 as the Zoo Check Campaign in Great Britain by actors Virginia McKenna her husband Bill Travers along with their son Will Travers and four associates. ... is the 163rd day of the year (164th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... “Ford” redirects here. ... For other uses, see Jaguar (disambiguation). ... The Premier Automotive Group (PAG), is a group within the Ford Motor Company that oversaw the business operations of ip in Energy and Environmental Design]] Certification from the U.S. Green Building Council. ... Aston Martin Lagonda Limited is a British manufacturer of luxury performance cars, whose headquarters are at Gaydon, Warwickshire, England. ... Ford may mean a number of things: A ford is a river crossing. ... Ford may mean a number of things: A ford is a river crossing. ... Volvo Cars, or Volvo Personvagnar, is a well-known Swedish automobile maker founded in 1927 in the city of Gothenburg in Sweden. ... Tata Motors Limited (Hindi: ), formerly known as TELCO (TATA Engineering and Locomotive Company), is a multinational corporation headquartered in Mumbai, India. ... Mahindra corporate logo Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd (The Mahindra Group) is an Indian 2. ... Cerberus Capital Management, L.P. is one of the largest private equity investment firms in the USA. The firm is based in New York City, and run by 48-year-old financier Steve Feinberg. ... TPG Capital, L.P. (formerly Texas Pacific Group, commonly referred as TPG) is a private equity investment firm founded by David Bonderman, James Coulter and William S. Price III in 1992. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... For other uses, see Jaguar (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see March (disambiguation). ... Events Pontius Pilate is appointed as Prefect of Judaea. ...

Models

The Land Rover Freelander/LR2

The 1997 Defender 90 Station Wagon

Land Rover Series IIB Forward Control

Land Rover 109

• Series I, II and III - the original 4X4
• Defender - Updated Series line, with a move from extreme utilitarianism.
• Freelander 2 - compact crossover 4x4, the second generation of which is known as the LR2 in North America.
• Discovery 3 - full-size 4X4
• Range Rover - full-size luxury 4X4
• Range Rover Classic - the original Range Rover, produced from 1970 to 1996
• Range Rover Sport - full-size luxury 4x4

There have also been models developed for the UK Ministry of Defence (MoD) Image File history File links Land_Rover_Freelander_(LR2). ... Image File history File links Land_Rover_Freelander_(LR2). ... The Land Rover Freelander is a compact crossover SUV made by the British Land Rover, a subsidiary of the Tata Motors. ... The Land Rover Series I, II, and III are off-road vehicles produced by the British manufacturer Land Rover. ... The Land Rover Defender is a British four wheel drive Off-road utility vehicle. ... The Land Rover Freelander is a compact crossover SUV made by the British Land Rover, a subsidiary of the Tata Motors. ... The Rambler American introduced in the late 1950s was an early compact car. ... The Land Rover Freelander is a compact crossover SUV made by the British Land Rover, a subsidiary of the Tata Motors. ... The Discovery is a four wheel drive on-road and off-road vehicle from the British car maker Land Rover. ... 2001 BMW 750iL The Ford Falcon, a popular Australian full-size car A full-size car is a marketing term used in North America for an automobile larger than a mid-size car. ... The Range Rover is a four-wheel drive high-performance luxury SUV produced by Land Rover in the United Kingdom. ... 2001 BMW 750iL The Ford Falcon, a popular Australian full-size car A full-size car is a marketing term used in North America for an automobile larger than a mid-size car. ... A luxury car is a relatively expensive car. ... Range Rover Classic is the name given by the automobile manufacturer Land Rover to first generation Range Rovers built from 1994 to 1996, a time when the then new second generation was also built; however, this term is also in both popular and enthusiast usage to describe the same vehicle... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... 2001 BMW 750iL The Ford Falcon, a popular Australian full-size car A full-size car is a marketing term used in North America for an automobile larger than a mid-size car. ... A luxury car is a relatively expensive car. ... The Ministry of Defence (MOD) is the United Kingdom government department responsible for implementation of government defence policy and is the headquarters of the British Armed Forces. ...

• 101 Forward Control - also known as the "Land Rover One Tonne"
• 1/2 ton Lightweight - airportable military short wheelbase from the Series 2a
• Land Rover Wolf - an uprated Military Defender
• SNATCH landrover - Land Rover with composite armoured body in UK Armed Forces Service
• 109 Series IIa and III ambulance (body by Marshalls of Cambridge)
• Range Rover '6x6' Fire Appliance (conversion by Carmichael and Sons of Worcester) for RAF airfield use
• 130 Defender ambulance
• 'Llama' prototypes for 101 replacement.

A Land Rover 101 Forward Control with the radio-vehicle body The Land Rover 101 Forward Control was a vehicle produced by Land Rover for the British Army. ... The Lightweight 1/2 ton was a British military vehicle supplied by Land Rover. ... The Land Rover Wolf is a military utility vehicle in service with UK Armed Forces and the Dutch Marine Corps. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Land Rover Wolf. ... The Marshall companies have been internationally associated with aerospace engineering for over ninety years. ...

Current models

At the 2004 North American International Auto Show, Land Rover introduced its first concept, the Range Stormer (Gritzinger, 2004). A "green" concept known as Land e was also recently shown. The Land Rover Defender is a British four wheel drive Off-road utility vehicle. ... The Land Rover Freelander is a compact crossover SUV made by the British Land Rover, a subsidiary of the Tata Motors. ... The Discovery is a four wheel drive on-road and off-road vehicle from the British car maker Land Rover. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The Range Rover is a four-wheel drive high-performance luxury SUV produced by Land Rover in the United Kingdom. ... The Land Rover Freelander is a compact crossover SUV made by the British Land Rover, a subsidiary of the Tata Motors. ... The Discovery is a four wheel drive on-road and off-road vehicle from the British car maker Land Rover. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The Range Rover is a four-wheel drive high-performance luxury SUV produced by Land Rover in the United Kingdom. ... NAIAS 2005, near the Audi exhibit. ... 1938 Buick Y-Job, the first Concept car A concept car or show car is a car prototype made to showcase a concept, new styling, technology and more. ... The Range Stormer is a concept car designed by Richard Woolley under the Land Rover brand. ...

Military use

British Land Rover near Pyongyang, November 1950, during the Korean war

A mired Land Rover of the 1st Armoured Division being extracted during the Gulf War.

Defenders of the Bermuda Regiment, 1994.

Land Rovers on parade with the Italian Army, Navy and Air Force, June 2007.

Since the very beginning all Series and Defender models have been used in a military capacity, in fact they are the back bone of the British Armed Forces. Often this has entailed just slightly modifying civilian models (primarily adding military "blackout" lights), but some dedicated military models have also been developed such as the forward control and the lightweight. The Discovery has also been used in small numbers, mostly as liaison vehicles. Two models that have been designed for military use from the ground up are the 101 Forward Control from the early 1970s and the Lightweight or Airportable from the late 1960s. The latter was intended to be transported by helicopter. The famous Royal Air Force Mountain Rescue Service (United Kingdom) teams were early users in the late 1950s and early 1960s, and their convoys of landrovers and larger military trucks are a sight often seen in the mountain areas of the United Kingdom. Originally RAFMRS Land Rovers had blue bodies and bright yellow tops, to be better seen from above. In 1981, the colour scheme was changed to green with yellow stripes. More recently, vehicles have been painted white, and are issued with fittings similar to civilian UK Mountain Rescue teams. The teams have recently been threatened with replacement of their beloved Land Rovers by Toyota 4 x 4 SUV-style vehicles. Image File history File links Commandeered_British_Land_Rover_Pyongyang. ... Image File history File links Commandeered_British_Land_Rover_Pyongyang. ... Not to be confused with PyeongChang. ... Belligerents United Nations: Republic of Korea Australia Belgium Canada Colombia Ethiopia France Greece Luxembourg Netherlands New Zealand Philippines South Africa Thailand Turkey United Kingdom United States Naval Support and Military Servicing/Repairs: Japan Medical staff: Denmark Italy Norway India Sweden DPR Korea PR China Soviet Union Commanders Syngman Rhee Chung... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (830x545, 73 KB) Summary British soldiers of the 1st Armoured Division and media extract a stuck Land Rover during a live fire exercise in the first Gulf War, January 6 1991. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (830x545, 73 KB) Summary British soldiers of the 1st Armoured Division and media extract a stuck Land Rover during a live fire exercise in the first Gulf War, January 6 1991. ... The 1st Armoured Division is the title of an armoured division of the British Army. ... For other uses, see Iraq war (disambiguation). ... Image File history File links Bermuda_Regiment_IS_Training. ... Image File history File links Bermuda_Regiment_IS_Training. ... The Bermuda Regiment Band A Command Centre during IS training. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2592 × 1944 pixel, file size: 2. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2592 × 1944 pixel, file size: 2. ... Coat of Arms of the Italian Army Dardo IFV on exercise in Capo Teulada Soldiers of the 33rd Field Artillery Regiment Acqui on parade The Italian Army (Esercito Italiano) is the ground defense force of the Italian Republic. ... Marina Militare naval jack Marina Militare (the Italian Navy) is one of the four branches of the military forces of Italy. ... The Aeronautica Militare is the air force of Italy. ... A Land Rover 101 Forward Control with the radio-vehicle body The Land Rover 101 Forward Control was a vehicle produced by Land Rover for the British Army. ... The Lightweight 1/2 ton was a British military vehicle supplied by Land Rover. ... // The Royal Air Force Mountain Rescue Service (RAFMRS) provides land rescue over the mountain areas of the United Kingdom. ... Mountain rescue refers to search and rescue activities that occur in a mountainous environment, although the term is sometimes also used to apply to search and rescue in other wilderness environments. ...

Military modifications include heavy duty suspension, uprated brakes, 24 Volt electrics, convoy lights, electronic suppression of the ignition system, blackout curtains and mounts for special equipment and small arms.Although they also lack the 'creature comforts' that would be associated with a civilian vehicle, such as sound deadening, carpets, air con, and other 'comfort' additions.

Military uses include light utility vehicle, communications platform, weapon platform for recoilless rifles, TOWs or machine guns, ambulances and workshops. M67 recoilless rifle. ... A tow is an untwisted bundle of continuous filaments. ... A machine gun is a fully-automatic firearm that is capable of firing bullets in rapid succession. ... An ambulance in San Jose del Cabo, Mexico A Helicopter used as an Ambulance. ...

One famous adaptation of Land Rovers to military purposes is the "Pink Panther" models. Approximately 100 Series IIAs were adapted to reconnaissance use by the British special operations forces the SAS. For desert use they were often painted pink, hence the name. The vehicles were fitted with among other gear a sun compass, machine guns, larger fuel tanks and smoke dischargers. Similar adaptations were later made to Series IIIs and 90/110/Defenders. ^[17] Mixed reconnaissance patrol of the Polish Home Army and the Soviet Red Army during Operation Tempest, 1944 Reconnaissance is the military term for the active gathering of information about an enemy, or other conditions, by physical observation. ... SAS in their armed jeeps, during the North African campaign The Special Air Service Regiment (SAS) is a special forces unit of the British Army. ...

The 75th Ranger Regiment of the United States Army also adapted twelve versions of the Land Rover that were officially designated the RSOV (Ranger Special Operations Vehicle.) Official force name 75th Ranger Regiment Rangers Other names Airborne Rangers Army Rangers Task Force Ranger U.S. Army Rangers Branch U.S. Army Chain of Command USASOC Description Special Operations Force, rapidly deployable light infantry force. ... The United States Army is the largest, and by some standards oldest, established branch of the armed forces of the United States and is one of seven uniformed services. ... The Ranger Special Operations Vehicle or RSOV is a military vehicle designed for The U.S. Armys 75th Ranger Regiment. ...

Series and Defenders have also been uparmoured. The most widespread of these is the Shorts Shorland, built by Shorts Brothers of Belfast. The first of these were delivered in 1965 to the Royal Ulster Constabulary, the Northern Ireland police force. They were originally 109" models with an armoured body and a turret from the Ferret armoured car. In 1990 there had been more than 1,000 produced. ^[18] In the 1970s a more conventional armoured Land Rover was built for the Royal Ulster Constabulary in Wales called the Hotspur. The Land Rover Tangi was built by the Royal Ulster Constabulary's own vehicle engineering team during the 1990s. The British Army has used various armoured Land Rovers, first in Northern Ireland but also in more recent campaigns. They first added protective panels to Series General Service vehicles (the Vehicle Protection Kit (VPK)). Later they procured the Glover Webb APV and finally the Courtaulds (later NP Aerospace) Composite Armoured Vehicle, commonly known as Snatch. These were originally based on heavy duty V8 110 chassis but some have recently been re-mounted on new chassis from Otokar of Turkey and fitted with diesel engines and air-conditioning for Iraq. Although these now have more in common with the 'Wolf' (Defender XD) Land Rovers that many mistakenly confuse them with, the Snatch and the Wolf are different vehicles. The Shorland is an armoured car that was developed for the Royal Ulster Constabulary for internal security duties in Northern Ireland. ... This article is about the city in Northern Ireland. ... Year 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. ... The Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) was name of the police force in Northern Ireland from 1922 to 2001. ... Land Rover Tangi, in new PSNI livery The Land Rover Tangi is an armoured car used in Northern Ireland. ... Snatch Land Rovers are used as protected transport vehicles by the British Army. ... Logo of Otokar Otokar, a sub-division of the Koc Group, is the manufacturer of all types of wheeled vehicles and is headquartered in Sakarya, Turkey. ... The Land Rover Wolf is a military utility vehicle in service with UK Armed Forces and the Dutch Marine Corps. ...

The most radical conversion of a Land Rover for military purposes was the Centaur halftrack. It was based on a Series III with a V8 engine and a shortened belt drive from the Alvis Scorpion light tank. A small number was manufactured, and they were used by Ghana, among others. M3 half-track A half-track is a civilian or military vehicle with regular wheels on the front for steering, and caterpillar tracks on the back to propel the vehicle and carry most of the load. ... The FV101 Scorpion is a modern British light tank. ...

The Land Rover is used by military forces throughout the world. However, it is increasingly being supplemented, and even replaced, by larger vehicles. For instance the Pinzgauer, now built in the UK, is increasingly common in roles previously the preserve of the Land Rover Defender, such as ambulances, artillery tractors and weapons platforms. This is mainly due to the demands of modern warfare- combat vehicles today are generally required to carry much more equipment in the form of weaponry, communications equipment and armour. A 'soft' light 4x4 like the traditional Land Rover simply doesn't have the load capacity or strength of a larger medium-duty vehicle like the Pinzgauer. Even the current generation of Land Rover used by the British Army, the Wolf, have upgraded and strengthened chassis and suspension compared to civilian-spec vehicles.Land Rovers were very popular to the military. Pinzgauer is a high mobility all-terrain 4x4 and 6x6 military utility vehicle manufactured in Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom, by Automotive Technik (ATL). ...

Abilities

The use of Land Rovers by the British and Commonwealth military, as well as on long term civilian projects and expeditions, is mainly due to the superior off-road performance of the marque. For example, the short wheelbase version of the Land Rover Defender is capable of tackling a gradient of 45 degrees, an approach angle of up to 50 degrees, a departure angle of 53 degrees and a ramp break-over of up to 155 degrees - greatly superior not just to urban 4x4s but to military vehicles such as the HMMWV and Pinzgauer High Mobility All-Terrain Vehicle. A distinctive feature of all Land Rover products has been their exceptional axle articulation (the degree to which the wheels have vertical travel, with high amounts allowing them to maintain contact (and traction) with the ground over uneven surfaces), which is currently 7 inches (178mm) at the front axle and 8.25 inches (210mm) at the rear on basic Defender models. Landrover Defender 90 Offroading Off Roading is a recreational pursuit popular among a sub-section of the owners of four wheel drive or all-terrain vehicles. ... Four wheel drive or 4x4, is a type of four wheeled vehicle drivetrain configuration that enables all four wheels to receive power from the engine simultaneously in order to provide maximum traction. ... This article refers to the Military HMMWV, not the civilian Hummer sold by General Motors General Characteristics (Humvee) Manufacturer: AM General Length: 4. ... Pinzgauer is a high mobility all-terrain 4x4 and 6x6 military utility vehicle manufactured in Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom, by Automotive Technik (ATL). ...

Right from the start in 1948, PTOs (Power take-offs) were integral to the Land Rover concept, enabling farm machinery and many other items to be run with the vehicle stationary. Maurice Wilks was very clear about this, and his original instruction was "...to have power take-offs everywhere!" The 1949 report by the British National Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Scottish Machinery Testing Station described it thus: A tractor PTO A power take-off (PTO) is a splined driveshaft, usually on a tractor or truck that can be used to provide power to an attachment or separate machine. ...

"The power take-off is driven through a Hardy-Spicer propeller shaft from the main gearbox output and two interchangeable pinions giving two ratios. The PTO gearbox casing is bolted to the rear chassis cross-member and an 8 in x 8 in belt pulley driven from the PTO shaft through two bevel gears can be bolted to the PTO gearbox casing."

PTOs remained regular options on Series I, II and III Land Rovers up to the demise of the Series Land Rover in 1985. It is still possible to order an agricultural PTO on a Defender as a special order.

One of the other capabilities of the utility Land Rover (the Series/Defender models) is that they are available in a huge variety of body styles, ranging from a simple canvas-topped pick-up truck to a 12-seat fully trimmed Station Wagon. Both Land Rover and out-of-house contractors have offered a huge range of conversions and adaptations to the basic vehicle, such as fire engines, excavators, 'cherry picker' hydraulic platforms, ambulances, snowploughs, and 6-wheel drive versions, as well as one-off special builds including amphibious Land Rovers and vehicles fitted with tracks instead of wheels. The Land Rover Defender is a British four wheel drive Off-road utility vehicle. ... Estate car body style (Saab 95) A station wagon (United States usage), wagon (Australian usage, though station wagon is widely used) or estate car (United Kingdom usage) is a car body style similar to a sedan car but with an extended rear cargo area. ... Fire Engine in South Bend, Indiana. ... An ambulance in San Jose del Cabo, Mexico A Helicopter used as an Ambulance. ... A small sidewalk clearing plow in Ottawa, Canada A snowplow (or snow plow; US Engish; in UK English, snowplough or snow plough) is a vehicle, or a device intended for mounting on a vehicle, for removing snow and sometimes ice from outdoor surfaces, typically those serving transportation purposes. ...

Land Rover Experience

Land Rover Experience is the company's busy driver training wing. Established in 1998, Land Rover Experience consists of a network of centres throughout the world, setup to help customers get the most out of their vehicle's on and off-road capability. The flagship centre is based in Eastnor, Herefordshire in the UK, which has long been used as an engineering test and development facility. Courses offered include off-road driving, winching, and trailer handling, along with a variety of corporate and individual 'Adventure Days'. Land Rover Experience

Safety

Road accident statistics on a model-by-model basis from the UK Department of Transport show that the Land Rover Defender and Land Rover Discovery are the safest cars on British roads (measured in terms of chance of death in two car injury accidents) - between three times safer than the safest Volvo models, twice as safe (half the death-rate per two vehicles injury accident) compared with the Jeep Cherokee and Toyota Land Cruiser and only matched by the Mercedes-Benz S-Class and Jaguar XJ.In some Land Rovers they fitted with safety devices equipmemt. Although various theoretical crash testing scenarios are popular in assessing car safety in UK the Department of Transport publish the actual level of road deaths in each type of car. ... The Land Rover Defender is a British four wheel drive Off-road utility vehicle. ... The Discovery is a four wheel drive on-road and off-road vehicle from the British car maker Land Rover. ... Volvo Cars is the luxury car maker using the Volvo Trademark. ... The Jeep Cherokee is a name for three different SUV models produced from 1974 to the present: 1974–1983 Jeep Cherokee (SJ) full-size SUV 1984–2001 Jeep Cherokee (XJ) compact SUV 1993–present Jeep Grand Cherokee mid-size SUV 2002–present european version of Jeep Liberty mid-size SUV... The Toyota Land Cruiser is a popular series of four-wheel drive vehicles produced by the Japanese carmaker Toyota Motor Corporation. ... The Mercedes-Benz S-Class is a series of large luxury flagship sedans produced by Mercedes-Benz, now a division of Daimler AG. The S-Class, a product of nine lines of Mercedes-Benz models dating since the mid-1950s, is the worlds best-selling luxury flagship sedan. ... The Jaguar XJ is a luxury saloon sold under the British Jaguar luxury marque. ...

Quality Improvements

Recently Land Rover has markedly improved its quality and reliability.

However in the past it has shown reliability and build quality problems, and this is reflected in its showing in various industry and consumer quality and dependability related surveys, as detailed below:

• Land Rover marque ranked last on the US J.D. Power and Associates Vehicle Dependability Survey for 2005 (published 8 July 2005) (Kia second last). This is the fourth year that it has been in the last or second to last place in the survey. This study was based on responses from more than 55,000 US based original owners of 2000 model year cars and light trucks at three years of ownership. [2] In 2004, it narrowly dethroned Kia, as the least reliable nameplate, but swapped places in 2005. (Kia last, Land Rover 2nd last).
• Tied for last (with Hummer and Porsche) in the 2006 Consumer Reports (US) car reliability survey. It was only one of 6 makes that did not have a model whose reliability was "Good" or above (joined by Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen and Jaguar); its highest-rating car was the LR3, which got a rating of "Poor". In addition, 56 percent of people who owned a 2003 Range Rover reported problems, as did 61 percent of 2002 Freelander owners--both the highest among all cars for that model year.
• Ranked second-to-last in the 2007 Consumer Reports (US) car reliability survey. (Mercedes-Benz took the bottom place.) In the same survey, the LR3/Discovery with a V8 engine was ranked the second least reliable SUV in the midsized category. (The 2006 model year M-class of Mercedes-Benz took the last place in that category.)
  • It also was ranked as one of the 3 least reliable over the last 10 years in 2007.^[19]
• Land Rover Discovery 6th-from-the-bottom of 100 models for reliability in an Auto Express 2002 survey in the UK.
• Joint 16th-from-the-bottom in 144 car 2002 J.D. Power's What Car? (UK) magazine customer satisfaction survey.
• Land Rover had joint highest average cost in warranty claims for cars up to 10 years old in 2002 UK Warranty Direct index – (based on full-maintenance leasing claims).
• Land Rover Discovery was joint second-to-last in 2002 Which? (UK) magazine reliability survey of cars up to 2 years old – however, only 35 Land Rovers were in the sample.
• Land Rover was 3rd least-reliable of 31 makes of car in 2002 Which? (UK) magazine reliability survey of 2000-2002 model-year cars.
• Least-reliable of 32 makes built 1997-1999. Spate of engine power, gearbox and exploding clutch problems (which Land Rover reportedly has refused to repair under warranty).
• 89% of Land Rovers were reported breakdown-free in 2003 Which? (UK) magazine's J.D. Power survey.

Beginning with the Discovery Series III (LR3 in the US) model, one of the replacement power plants for the new model will be a 4.4L V8 engine developed by Jaguar and a 4.0L v6 developed by Ford (Jaguar is also part of the Ford Group). J.D. Power and Associates is a global marketing information services firm founded in 1968 which provides consumer ratings on goods from cars to restaurants. ... Kia redirects here. ... Hummer is a brand of off-road vehicles sold by General Motors, also known as GM. The H1 version is based on the military High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle (HMMWV, or Humvee). ... This article is about the auto company. ... Consumer Reports is an American magazine published monthly by Consumers Union. ... This page is about the Mercedes-Benz brand of automobiles and trucks from the DaimlerChrysler automobile manufacturer. ... VW redirects here. ... Jaguar Cars Limited is a luxury car manufacturer, originally with headquarters in Browns Lane, Coventry, England but now at Whitley, Coventry. ... Consumer Reports is an American magazine published monthly by Consumers Union. ... This page is about the Mercedes-Benz brand of automobiles and trucks from the DaimlerChrysler automobile manufacturer. ... This page is about the Mercedes-Benz brand of automobiles and trucks from the DaimlerChrysler automobile manufacturer. ... Auto Express is Britains best selling weekly motoring magazine, edited by David Johns. ... Which? is a product-testing and campaigning charity with a magazine and website run by Which? Ltd (formerly known as the Consumers Association, which is still the official name of the charity). ... A gearbox is an assembly of gears allowing the rotational speed of an input shaft to be changed to a different speed. ... For other uses, see Clutch (disambiguation). ... Jaguar Cars Limited is a luxury car manufacturer, originally with headquarters in Browns Lane, Coventry, England but now at Whitley, Coventry. ...

Some of the service problems in US specification Land Rover Defender and Discovery models are related to the Rover V8 petrol engine, as Land Rover increased the displacement and otherwise modernized the engine, which was originally designed in the late 1950s by General Motors for Buick. The same engine has powered a variety of other British cars, including the Rover 3500 and Triumph TR8. Rover V8 in a Sunbeam Tiger The Rover V8 engine is a compact V8 internal combustion engine with aluminum cylinder heads and cylinder block, originally designed by General Motors and later re-designed and produced by Rover in the United Kingdom. ... General Motors Corporation (NYSE: GM), also known as GM, is an American automobile maker with worldwide operations and brands including Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, Holden, Hummer, Opel, Pontiac, Saturn, Saab and Vauxhall. ... Buick is a brand of automobile built in the United States, Canada, China and in Spain by General Motors Corporation. ... Two different automobiles from Rover have been called the 3500: 1968-1976 Rover P6 1976-1986 Rover SD1 This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... The Triumph TR8 was an eight-cylinder version of the wedge-shaped Triumph TR7 sports car, manufactured by BL Ltd. ...

Most European, South African and Australian specification Defenders and Discovery models are now equipped with the TD5 diesel engine and reliability has still proven a problem as detailed in the surveys above. Part of the problem is also caused by the manufacturing methods used. The Defender is still largely hand-built, with aluminium body panels mounted on a steel chassis. This makes it very hard for the vehicle to have the same rigidity and inter-panel sealing as is found on modern vehicle. The 1980s saw numerous cut-backs to the utility Land Rover line (at that time, the Ninety/One Ten range), which included the replacement of the galvanised metal body cappings (as used since 1948) with simple painted items. This led to rapid corrosion of these parts. Similar economy measures were put in place. Recently increased investment under Ford has seen the return of the galvanised cappings, and design changes to reduce corrosion (such as the introduction of a one-piece rear door on Station Wagon and Hard Top models, which previously had doors made from panels over a steel frame). For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... This article is about the fuel. ...

Land Rover still makes heavy use of the British Leyland "parts bin" on its older models (the Defender and Freelander in particular), and this as well as its parts-sharing scheme is often cited as the cause of many malfunctions. It now appears that Ford is attempting to address the Land Rover quality issues. It was reported in the Birmingham Post on 27 May 2004 that Ford's senior management have given the Land Rover plant 8 weeks to come up with a "road map" to address the quality issues at Land Rover and bring its competitiveness up to global standards in 5 years. Ford has threatened Solihull with closure unless significant improvements are realised, and with no replacement for the Jaguar X-type on the cards, it seems likely that there will be sufficient extra capacity at Halewood in the coming years to accommodate the entire Land Rover range. The Birmingham Post was originally started under the name Daily Post in Birmingham, England in 1857 by John Frederick Feeney. ... Senior management is generally a team of individuals at the highest level of organizational management who have the day-to-day responsibilities of managing a corporation. ... The Jaguar X-TYPE is an entry-level luxury car / compact executive car produced by the Ford owned British luxury marque Jaguar Cars since 2001. ...

Despite the recent drops in quality, it is rumoured that 75% of all Land Rovers produced since 1955 are still on the road. This figure may be misleading, due to the wider range of vehicles and much higher production of recent years. The simplicity of build and cross compatibility of parts with many earlier models, together with the enthusiasm of many owners, has ensured many vehicles have stayed on the road. The longevity of individual vehicles may also tend to hide any improvements in production quality as assembly faults, once fixed, may stay fixed, and so may only matter to the first buyer. Enthusiasts of the marque and commercial users often point out that the mechanical components of the vehicles are very tough and reliable- it is the 'non-essential' areas such as interior fit/finish, weather sealing and ancillary electrics that fail. Another point often made is that other manufacturers not only produce models with assembly faults which are recalled, but do not tend to remain as reliable as Land Rover products in the long run. It is also true that a much larger proportion of early Land Rover Discovery, the first vehicle to be produced in very high numbers, remain in everyday use than can be said of rival manufacturers.^{[citation needed]} All Land Rovers are crash tested.

In popular culture and public media

Land Rovers, particularly the commercial and military models, became ubiquitous throughout rural areas and in the developing World. "The Antichrist," the Land Rover featured in the South African film The Gods Must Be Crazy, illustrates the love-hate relationship many owners feel with the earlier Series 1, 2 and 3 vehicles. The 1960s TV series Daktari featured a Land Rover which was the subject of Corgi models that still frequent eBay listings. Many other films feature prominent roles for Land Rovers, including Lara Croft: Tomb Raider, Ace Ventura, Hotel Rwanda and the Bond film The Living Daylights. Mission: Impossible III features a Land Rover Discovery 3 (LR3). One of the not-so-subtle drug lords in the British crime movie Layer Cake (film) is noted for driving a yellow Range Rover. An anachronism occurs in Ice-Cold in Alex, which features a Land Rover though the film is set during World War II. Fox's television show The O.C. featured an affluent family driving a Range Rover. The 2006 film The Queen depicts Queen Elizabeth II manoeuvring a forest green Land Rover through the Scottish countryside and when the vehicle breaks down crossing a river the scene is used as a vehicle to demonstrate the Queen's practical ability "I was a mechanic during the war". A Land Rover is amongst the vehicles used in the film The Italian Job in which it drives through winding backstreets and courtyards of Turin. It's interesting to note that it is the most modern looking vehicle in the film due to its unchanging looks. The Gods Must Be Crazy is a film released in 1980, written and directed by Jamie Uys. ... Daktari was a 1960s TV series about a veterinarian named Dr. Marsh Tracy, his daughter Paula and his staff in a wildlife preservation place named Wameru in the wilderness of East Africa (most likely Kenya). ... This article is about the online auction center. ... Categories: Movie stubs | Action films | Adventure films | 2001 films | Films based on video games ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Hotel Rwanda is an historical drama film that shows the quiet heroism of one man, Paul Rusesabagina (Don Cheadle), during the Rwandan Genocide. ... This article is about the spy series. ... For other uses, see The Living Daylights (disambiguation). ... For the food, see layer cake. ... The Range Rover is a four-wheel drive high-performance luxury SUV produced by Land Rover in the United Kingdom. ... Look up Anachronism in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Ice-Cold in Alex (1958) is a British film based upon the book of the same name by British author Christopher Landon, who also wrote the screenplay. ... The O.C. was an American teen drama television series that originally aired on FOX in the United States , and in Canada On CTV Television Network from August 5, 2003, to February 22, 2007, running a total of four seasons. ... The Range Rover is a four-wheel drive high-performance luxury SUV produced by Land Rover in the United Kingdom. ... The Queen is a 2006 British drama film directed by Stephen Frears, written by Peter Morgan and stars Oscar-winner Dame Helen Mirren in the title role, Queen Elizabeth II. Released almost a decade after the event, the film depicts a semi-fictionalized account of the immediate events following the... Elizabeth II in an official portrait as Queen of Canada (on the occasion of her Golden Jubilee in 2002, wearing the Sovereigns badges of the Order of Canada and the Order of Military Merit) Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary) (born 21 April 1926), styled HM The... The Italian Job is a British caper film, written by Troy Kennedy Martin, produced by Michael Deeley and directed by Peter Collinson. ... Torino redirects here. ...

The Land Rover brand is mentioned almost daily in the UK on BBC Radio 2 in the on-air banter between morning travel reporter Lynn Bowles and co-hosts Sarah Kennedy, Terry Wogan and Ken Bruce. Lynn learnt to drive in a Land Rover and is fast becoming a mascot for the marque after competing in the 2004 run of the Macmillan 4x4 UK Challenge^[20] and co-presenting the Heritage Motor Centre ^[21] Land Rover show every year since 2005. Lynn Bowles (born in Cardiff, Wales) is a BBC Radio 2 traffic reporter. ... Sarah Mary Kennedy MBE is a British broadcaster, born July 8, 1950. ... Sir Michael Terence Wogan, KBE DL (born August 3rd 1938, in Limerick, County Limerick, Republic of Ireland), more commonly known as Terry Wogan, is a radio and television broadcaster who has worked for the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) in the United Kingdom (UK) for most of his career. ... Kenneth Robertson Bruce (born 2 February 1951 in Glasgow, Scotland) is a veteran British broadcaster best-known for his mid-morning programme on BBC Radio 2, which is broadcast on weekdays from 9:30 am until 12 pm. ... The Macmillan 4x4 UK Challenge is an annual navigational challenge event. ... The British Heritage Motor Centre centre at Gaydon, Warwickshire, England holds the vehicle collection and archive of the British Motor Industry Heritage Trust. ...

When a new paint colour called 'Stornoway Grey', a replacement of Bonatti Grey, was introduced to Land Rover vehicles, Western Isles councillor Angus Nicolson demanded the name to be changed to Silvery Stornoway because he claimed the colour will damage the town's image among tourists and leave people with the impression that Stornoway was drab and dull. Land Rover representative responded that the use of Stornoway Grey will help keep it on the map, as grey is an extremely popular colour for the vehicle.^[22] The Western Isles are an archipelago in Scotland. ... This article is about the town in Scotland: for other uses, see Stornoway (disambiguation) , Stornoway (Steòrnabhagh in Scottish Gaelic) is a burgh on Lewis (Leòdhas), in the Outer Hebrides (Gaelic: Na h-Eilean Siar) of Scotland. ...

Land Rovers have competed in the Paris Dakar Rally and won the Macmillan 4x4 UK Challenge almost every year, as well as having been the vehicle used for the Camel Trophy as part of a sponsorship deal. Now, Land Rover has its own G4 challenge. A Renault truck during the 2004 Dakar The Paris Dakar Rally (or simply The Dakar) is an annual professional off-road race, currently sponsored by Total S.A. and organized by the Amaury Sport Organisation. ... The Macmillan 4x4 UK Challenge is an annual navigational challenge event. ... Image:Ctdisco. ...

Land Rover Clubs

The brand has been elevated to a cult status amongst Land Rover enthusiasts. Nowhere is this more evident than the Land Rover club environment.

Hundreds of Land Rover clubs have formed throughout the UK and internationally. Land Rover clubs break down into a number of groups of varying interests.

Single Marque Clubs - As the title suggests these clubs bring together owners of a specific model or series of vehicle such as the Series One Club, or the Discovery Owners Club. Clubs based around ownership of earlier series vehicles tend to attract the purists amongst Land Rover owners whose interests often relate to restoration of their vehicles to their original condition.

Special Vehicle Clubs - At various times Land Rover have produced vehicles for specific events or on a specific theme, most notable are the Camel Trophy and G4 Challenge vehicles which have been sold on to the general public, and a range of Defenders that were loosely based on the custom vehicles produced for the Tomb Raider motion picture.

Regional Clubs - These break down into two groups, competitive and non-competitive clubs.

Non-competitive clubs activities generally relate to social events, off road driving or Green Laning on un-surfaced public highways or 'pay and play' days at off road centres. Green laning is the driving of the many unsurfaced tracks and roads throughout the countryside in the UK that have vehicular rights. ...

Competitive clubs are a phenomenon almost exclusively found within the UK, who as well as the non-competitive activities detailed above run competitive events such as Tyro, Road Taxed Vehicle (RTV) and Cross Country Vehicle (CCV) trials, winch and recovery challenges or speed events such as Competitive Safari's. All UK competitive events are run within the framework of rules created by the Motor Sports Association (MSA) with further vehicle specific rules applied by the host club or association.

A number of clubs are affiliated to the Association of Land Rover Clubs (ALRC) formerly known as the Association of Rover Clubs (ARC) the association applies its own vehicle regulations to all of its member clubs who have the opportunity to compete together at regional events and an annual national event with vehicles approved to the same standard.

Club Licensing - In 2005 under Ford ownership the Land Rover company became more interested in the club environment. An internal club was formed, The Land Rover Club a club exclusive to employees of the Ford Premier Automotive Group. Also, an agreement was generated to allow other clubs to use the Land Rover green oval logo under licence. In 2006 the Beds, Herts and Cambs club were the pilot licensees for the new agreement, who now benefit from a reciprocal arrangement where their own logo is trade marked and owned by Land Rover and they can refer to themselves as a 'Land Rover Approved Club'. The Premier Automotive Group (PAG), is a group within the Ford Motor Company that oversaw the business operations of ip in Energy and Environmental Design]] Certification from the U.S. Green Building Council. ...

Bicycle range

In June 2004 Land Rover released a comprehensive 25 model range of bicycles to complement the automotive range. The three main ranges are the 'Defender' the 'Discovery' and the 'Freelander'. Each range has its different attributes. The 'Discovery' is an all-rounder bicycle and is suited to a mixture of different terrains. The 'Defender' range is most suited to rugged terrain and off road pursuits, whereas the 'Freelander' Is designed for an urban lifestyle. All bikes are made from lightweight Aluminium and cost from £200-£900. Aluminum redirects here. ...

Criticism

See also: Criticism of sport utility vehicles

Criticism of sport utility vehicles is the expression of disapproval of sports utility vehicles (SUVs) made by various groups, organisations, and individuals. ...

See also

• Land Rover VIN codes on Wikibooks

Wikibooks logo Wikibooks, previously called Wikimedia Free Textbook Project and Wikimedia-Textbooks, is a wiki for the creation of books. ...

References

2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 86th day of the year (87th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... March 26 is the 85th day of the year (86th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For information on Wikipedia press releases, see Wikipedia:Press releases. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 86th day of the year (87th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... March 26 is the 85th day of the year (86th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For information on Wikipedia press releases, see Wikipedia:Press releases. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 86th day of the year (87th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 354th day of the year (355th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 354th day of the year (355th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... December 17 is the 351st day of the year (352nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 352nd day of the year (353rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... March 26 is the 85th day of the year (86th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article deals with The Daily Telegraph in Britain, see The Daily Telegraph (Australia) for the Australian publication The Daily Telegraph is a British broadsheet newspaper founded in 1855. ... For information on Wikipedia press releases, see Wikipedia:Press releases. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 96th day of the year (97th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Consumer Reports is an American magazine published monthly by Consumers Union. ...

External links

• Official Land Rover Website
• Official Land Rover Experience Website
• Land Rover World and the Land Rover World Show
• London to Brighton Land Rover Run
• Land Rover Owner International - Land Rover technical help, blogs, forums, news
• The Land Rover FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions about Land Rovers
• First Overland - First Overland - London to Singapore by Land Rover web site
• Land Rover Clubs at the Open Directory Project
• Official Land Rover UK Website at the Open Directory Project