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Encyclopedia > Leonid Kantorovich
Leonid V. Kantorovich.
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Leonid V. Kantorovich.

Leonid Vitaliyevich Kantorovich (January 19, 1912 in Petersburg – April 7, 1986 in Moscow) was a Soviet/Russian mathematician and economist. He is famous for his theory and development of techniques for the optimal allocation of resources. He was the winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1975. Image File history File links Kantorovich. ... Image File history File links Kantorovich. ... January 19 is the 19th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Saint Petersburg  listen (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of... April 7 is the 97th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (98th in leap years). ... 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Government Russia District Subdivision Russia Central Federal District Federal City Mayor Yuri Luzhkov Geographical characteristics Area  - City 1,081 km² Population  - City (2005)    - Density 10,415,400   8537. ... State motto (Russian): Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь! (Transliterated: Proletarii vsekh stran, soedinyaytes!) (Translated: Workers of the world, unite!) Capital Moscow Official language None; Russian (de facto) Government Federation of Soviet republics Area  - Total  - % water 1st before collapse 22,402,200 km² Approx. ... Leonhard Euler is considered by many people to be one of the greatest mathematicians of all time A mathematician is a person whose primary area of study and research is mathematics. ... An economist is an individual who studies, develops, and applies theories and concepts from economics, and writes about economic policy. ... The Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel (in Swedish Sveriges Riksbanks pris i ekonomisk vetenskap till Alfred Nobels minne), is a prize awarded each year for outstanding intellectual contributions in the field of economics. ... 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar). ...


Kantorovich worked for the Soviet government. He was given the task of optimizing production in a plywood industry. He came up with the mathematical technique now known as linear programming, some years before it was reinvented and much advanced by George Dantzig. He authored several books including The Mathematical Method of Production Planning and Organization and The Best Uses of Economic Resources. State motto (Russian): Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь! (Transliterated: Proletarii vsekh stran, soedinyaytes!) (Translated: Workers of the world, unite!) Capital Moscow Official language None; Russian (de facto) Government Federation of Soviet republics Area  - Total  - % water 1st before collapse 22,402,200 km² Approx. ... In mathematics, the term optimization refers to the study of problems that have the form Given: a function f : A R from some set A to the real numbers Sought: an element x0 in A such that f(x0) ≤ f(x) for all x in A (minimization) or such that... Model constructed from plywood. ... In mathematics, linear programming (LP) problems are optimization problems in which the objective function and the constraints are all linear. ... George Bernard Dantzig (8 November 1914 – 13 May 2005) was a mathematician who introduced the simplex algorithm and is considered the Father of linear programming. He was the recipient of many honors, including the National Medal of Science in 1975, the John von Neumann Theory Prize in 1974. ...


The Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences, which he shared with Tjalling Koopmans, was given "for their contributions to the theory of optimal allocation of resources." Tjalling Charles Koopmans (August 28, 1910 – February 26, 1985) was the joint winner, with Leonid Kantorovich, of the 1975 Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. ...


See also

This is an alphabetical list of well-known economists. ... It has been suggested that List of policy institutes be merged into this article or section. ...

External links

Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics: Laureates (1969-1975)

1969: Frisch, Tinbergen | 1970: Samuelson | 1971: Kuznets | 1972: Hicks, Arrow | 1973: Leontief | 1974: Myrdal, Hayek | 1975: Kantorovich, Koopmans The MacTutor history of mathematics archive is a website hosted by University of St Andrews in Scotland. ... The Mathematics Genealogy Project is a web-based database that gives an academic genealogy based on dissertation supervision relations. ... The Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel (in Swedish Sveriges Riksbanks pris i ekonomisk vetenskap till Alfred Nobels minne), is a prize awarded each year for outstanding intellectual contributions in the field of economics. ... Winners of the Nobel Prize are scientists, writers and peacemakers who have been awarded in their field of endeavour, and who are known collectively as either Nobel laureates or Nobel Prize winners. ... Ragnar Frisch. ... Jan Tinbergen Jan Tinbergen (The Hague, April 12, 1903 – June 9, 1994 The Hague), Dutch economist, was awarded the first Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel in 1969, which he shared with Ragnar Frisch for having developed and applied dynamic models for the analysis... Paul Anthony Samuelson Paul A. Samuelson (born May 15, 1915, in Gary, Indiana) is an American economist known for his work in many fields of economics. ... Simon Kuznets Simon Smith Kuznets (April 30, 1901 – July 8/9, 1985) was an economist who won the 1971 Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel for his empirically founded interpretation of economic growth which has led to new and deepened insight into the economic... Sir John Richard Hicks (April 8, 1904 – May 20, 1989) was one of the most important and influential economists of the twentieth century. ... Kenneth Arrow Kenneth Joseph Arrow (born August 23, 1921) is an American economist, winner of the Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in 1972. ... Wassily Leontief (August 5, 1906 – February 5, 1999), born at St. ... Gunnar Myrdal (December 6, 1898 – May 17, 1987) was a Swedish economist and politician. ... Friedrich Hayek Friedrich August von Hayek (May 8, 1899 in Vienna – March 23, 1992 in Freiburg) was an Austrian economist and political philosopher, noted for his defense of liberal democracy and free-market capitalism against socialist and collectivist thought in the mid-20th century. ... Tjalling Charles Koopmans (August 28, 1910 – February 26, 1985) was the joint winner, with Leonid Kantorovich, of the 1975 Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. ...

Complete List | Laureates (1976-2000) | Laureates (2001- )

  Results from FactBites:
 
Kantorovich biography (731 words)
Kantorovich's background was entirely in mathematics but he showed a considerable feel for the underlying economics to which he applied the mathematical techniques.
Kantorovich introduced many new concepts into the study of mathematical programming such as giving necessary and sufficient optimality conditions on the base of supporting hyperplanes at the solution point in the production space, the concept of primal-dual methods, the interpretation in economics of multipliers, and the column-generation method used in linear programming.
Kantorovich was a joint winner of the 1975 Nobel Prize for economics for his work on the optimal allocation of scarce resources.
The St. Petersburg Times - Top Stories - Kantorovich: Mathematics Applied to Economics (1813 words)
Leonid Kantorovich, the St. Petersburg scientist who was awarded a Nobel Prize in 1975, bridged the theoretical world of mathematics and the practical world of economics, research that sometimes put him at odds with the Soviet state.
Kantorovich was already a professor at the age of 20, a member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences at the age of 52 and a Nobel Prize winner at 63.
Kantorovich became a corresponding member of the U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences, was invited to head one of the departments in the Siberian branch of the academy in Novosibirsk and finally in 1959 published his "The Best Use of Economic Resources." The paper caused controversy among Soviet economists and was noticed by western scientists.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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