Part of a series of articles on Bulgarians Culture of Bulgaria Literature · Music · Art Cinema · Names · Cuisine Dances · Costume · Sport Bulgarian culture is a mix mostly of Thracian, Slavic and Bulgar cultures, but there are Byzantine, Turkish, Greek and other influences. ... Bulgarian literature is literature written by Bulgarians or residents of Bulgaria, or written in the Bulgarian language; usually the latter is the defining feature. ... Bulgarian music is part of the Balkan tradition, which stretches across Southeastern Europe, and has its own distinctive sound. ... Compared to other systems, the Bulgarian name system can be said to be rather simple. ... Bulgarian cuisine (Bulgarian: българска кухня) is representative of the cuisine of the Balkans, showing Turkish, Greek and Middle Eastern influences and to a lesser extent Italian, Mediterranean and Hungarian ones. ... Bulgarian folk dances are intimately related to the music of Bulgaria. ... By region or country (including the diaspora) Republic of Macedonia Serbia · Banat (Serbia/Romania) Bessarabia (Ukraine/Moldova) United States · Hungary · Bulgarians in Turkey (Pomaks, Eastern Thrace, Anatolia) Greece, Bulgarians in Albania. Bulgarians are an ethnic minority in the Republic of Macedonia. ... A map of the Western Outlands The Western Outlands (Bulgarian: Zapadni pokraynini) or the Western Bulgarian Outlands is a term used by Bulgarians to describe several territorially separate regions in southeastern Serbia and in the southeast of the Republic of Macedonia. ... Banat Bulgarians in Romania (in brown) The Banat Bulgarians (Bulgarian: , banatski balgari, endonym palćene and banátsći balgare) are a Bulgarian minority group living mostly in the Romanian part of the historical region of the Banat. ... The Bessarabian Bulgarians (Bulgarian: бесарабски българи, besarabski bâlgari) are a Bulgarian minority group of the historical region of Bessarabia, inhabiting parts of present-day Ukraine (Odessa Oblast) and Moldova. ... The Pomaks (помаци pomaci) or Muslim Bulgarians (българи мюсюлмани bălgari mjusjulmani), also known locally as Ahryani, are an Islamized Slavic speaking people of the Rhodope region. ... The Destruction of Thracian Bulgarians in 1913 (in Bulgarian Разорението на тракийските българи през 1913 година) is a book, published by Bulgarian academician Lyubomir Miletich in 1918, which describes the mass extermination and ethnic cleansing, caused to the Bulgarian population in Eastern Thrace and Eastern Rodopi. ... The Anatolian Bulgarians or Bulgarians of Asia Minor (Bulgarian: , maloaziyski balgari) were Eastern Orthodox Bulgarians who settled in Ottoman-ruled northwestern Anatolia (today in Turkey), possibly in the 18th century, and remained there until 1914. ... Religion Bulgarian Orthodox · Muslim Roman Catholic · Protestant The Bulgarian Orthodox Church (Bulgarian: , Bylgarska pravoslavna cyrkva) is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Church with some 6. ... A mosque in Madan in the Rhodopes, a region largely populated by Muslim Bulgarians The Bulgarian Muslims or Bulgarian-Mohammedans (Bulgarian: българи-мохамедани; locally called pomak, ahryan, poganets, marvak, poturnak) are Bulgarians of the Islamic faith. ... Roman Catholicism in Bulgaria: Roman Catholicism is the third largest religious congregation in Bulgaria after Eastern Orthodoxy and Islam. ... Protestantism in Bulgaria: Protestantism is the fourth largest religious congregation in Bulgaria after Eastern Orthodoxy, Islam and Roman Catholicism. ... Languages and dialects spoken by Bulgarians Bulgarian · Banat Bulgarian · Shopi Banat Bulgarians in Romania (in brown) The Banat Bulgarians (Bulgarian: банатски българи, banatski balgari, endonym palćene and banátsći balgare) are a Bulgarian minority group living mostly in the Romanian part of the historical region of the Banat. ... The Shopi (шопи, scientific transliteration Å¡opi; singular шоп, Å¡op, with various regional names also existing) are are an ethnic subgroup of the Bulgarian people that inhabits the region of the Shopluk (Шоплук, Å opluk) in central western Bulgaria, around the towns of Botevgrad, Svoge, Elin Pelin, Kostinbrod, Slivnitsa, Dragoman, Samokov, Ihtiman, Dupnitsa, Kyustendil, Tran... History · Rulers The History of Bulgaria as a separate country began in the 7th century with the arrival of the Bulgars and the foundation of the First Bulgarian Empire together with the local seven Slavic tribes, a union recognized by Byzantium in 681. ... v • d • e

This is a list of Bulgarian monarchs from the earliest historical records to 1946, when the monarchy in the country was abolished. Early Bulgarian rulers are believed to have used the title Khan (see Bulgar society for more details), later possibly kniaz, and still later the title tsar. According to Djagfar tarikhy (a 17th century Volga Bulgar source which is widely suspected to be a hoax and is generally not used in historical research), the earliest Bulgar leaders bore the title of baltavar, i.e. the Turkic "Elteber", a viceroy, known from the Chinese annals by its Chinese equivalent "Sylifa" and documented in the 10-th century by Al-Masoudi as a title used among the Dagestani Bulgars. The title Elteber or its variations like Ilutwer, Ilutver was recorded between the North Caucasian Huns, and Yiltawar or İltäbär (ibn Fadlan) in the Volga Bulgaria. This article is about the title. ... Not to be confused with Bulgarians. ... Kniaz’ or knyaz (князь in Russian and Ukrainian; cneaz in Romanian fem. ... Tsar (Bulgarian, Serbian and Macedonian цар, Russian  , in scientific transliteration respectively car and car ), occasionally spelled Czar or Tzar and sometimes Csar or Zar in English, is a Slavonic term designating certain monarchs. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... In the hierarchy of the Gokturk and Khazar empires, an Elteber was the client-king of an autonomous but tributary tribe or polity. ... Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn al-Husayn íbn Ali al-Masudi (transl: ) (born c. ... The Balkars (Karachay-Balkar: sg. ... In the hierarchy of the Gokturk and Khazar empires, an Elteber was the client-king of an autonomous but tributary tribe or polity. ... A branch of the Huns that established a polity in Daghestan and parts of Azerbaijan in the 500s and 600s CE. The North Caucasian Huns probably incorporated numerous indigenous Caucasian tribes following their settlement in the area. ... Ahmad ibn-al-Abbas ibn Rashid ibn-Hammad ibn-Fadlan (Aḥmad ʿibn alʿAbbās ʿibn Rasẖīd ʿibn ḥammād ʿibn Fadlān أحمد ابن العباس ابن رشيد ابن حماد ابن فضلان) was a tenth-century Arab scholar who wrote an account of his travels as a member of an embassy of the Caliph... The Little Minaret in Bolghar For other uses, see Bulgaria (disambiguation). ...

The title tsar was first adopted and used in Bulgaria by Simeon I following a decisive victory over the Byzantine Empire in 913. It was also used by all of Simeon I's successors until the fall of Bulgaria under Ottoman rule in 1396 . After Bulgaria's liberation from the Ottomans in 1878, its first monarch Alexander I adopted the title kniaz, but as complete independence was officially proclaimed under his successor Ferdinand in 1908, the title was changed to tsar again. Tsar was used by Ferdinand and later by his heir Boris III until the abolition of monarchy in 1946. Simeon (also Symeon)[1] I the Great (Bulgarian: , transliterated Simeon I Veliki;[2] IPA: ) ruled over Bulgaria from 893 to 927,[3] during the First Bulgarian Empire. ... Byzantine redirects here. ... Simeon (also Symeon)[1] I the Great (Bulgarian: , transliterated Simeon I Veliki;[2] IPA: ) ruled over Bulgaria from 893 to 927,[3] during the First Bulgarian Empire. ... Motto دولت ابد مدت Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (The Eternal State) Anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Borders in 1683, see: list of territories Capital Söğüt (1299–1326) Bursa (1326–1365) Edirne (1365–1453) Ä°stanbul (1453–1922) Government Monarchy Sultans  - 1281–1326 (first) Osman I  - 1918–22 (last) Mehmed VI Grand Viziers  - 1320... Alexander Joseph of Battenberg (April 5, 1857 - November 17, 1893), the first prince of modern Bulgaria, reigned from April 29, 1879 to September 7, 1886). ... Kniaz’ or knyaz (князь in Russian and Ukrainian; cneaz in Romanian fem. ... Ferdinand Maximilan Charles Leopold Marie, Ferdinand of Bulgaria (February 26, 1861 - September 10, 1948) was monarch of Bulgaria as well as an author, botanist and philatelist. ... Tsar Boris III of Bulgaria (January 30, 1894 – August 28, 1943), originally Boris Klemens Robert Maria Pius Ludwig Stanislaus Xaver, son of Ferdinand I, came to the throne in 1918 upon the abdication of his father, following Bulgarias defeat in World War I. This was the countrys second...

Note: before reaching the historical rulers (see below), the Nominalia of the Bulgarian khans mention two legendary or semi-legendary rulers who are described as having lived for centuries: Avitokhol (sometimes identified as Attila the Hun, 300 years) and Irnik (sometimes identified as Attila's son Ernakh, 150 years), as well as a regent, Gostun (2 years). The Nominalia of the Bulgarian khans (Bulgarian: ) is a short manuscript containing the names of some early Bulgarian rulers, their clans, the year of their ascending to the throne and the length of their rule, including the times of joint rule and civil war. ... Attila redirects here. ... Ernakh or Ernac (Priscus: Ήρνάχ Hernach) was the 3rd son of Attila. ... Gostun was khan of the Bulgar Kutrigurs appointed by Bayan (Avar Khagan) and was from the Clan of Ermi between 582 and 584. ...

List of Bulgarian rulers (632-1946)

Great Bulgaria (632-681)

In 632, Khan Kubrat united the Bulgars and formed a confederation of tribes, known as Great Bulgaria, or Bulgaria Magna, with a capital at the ancient city of Fanagoria. ...

The Dulo clan (first reign, 605-753)

At times, the reign in the Bulgar lands was split. The Dulo Clan or the House of Dulo was the name of the ruling dynasty of the early Bulgars. ...

• Kubrat (605 - 665) over Onogunduri
• Batbayan (665 - 668) over Onogunduri

Kubrats Great Bulgaria and adjacent regions, c. ... Khan Asparoukh (681 - 700) THEN CAME ACROSS THE DANUBE Isperukh Khan. ...

First Bulgarian Empire (681-1018)

Portrait	Name	Khan From	Khan Until
	Asparukh	681	700
	Tervel	700	721
	Kormesiy	721	738
	Sevar	738	753

Imperial Emblem Bulgarian Empire at its greatest extent c. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 388 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (857 × 1323 pixel, file size: 195 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Khan Asparuh monument in Dobrich; photography: Veselin Iliev; digital enhancement: Kosi Gramatikoff User:kosigrim I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public... Asparuh or Isperih (Bulgarian: Аспарух, Asparuh or Исперих, Isperih) was ruler of the Bulgarians in the second half of the 7th century and is credited with the establishment of the First Bulgarian Empire in 680/681. ... Tervel (Bulgarian: Тервел) also called Tarvel, or Terval, or Terbelis in some Byzantine sources, was the ruler of the Bulgars at the beginning of the 8th century. ... Kormesiy or better Kormesij was a ruler of Danubian Bulgaria in the first half of the 8th century. ... Sevar (Bulgarian: ) was a ruler of Bulgaria in the 8th century. ...

The Ukil clan (753-766)

Kormisosh was Khan of Bulgaria between 753 and 756. ... Vinekh or better Vineh was ruler of Bulgaria in the mid-8th century. ... Telets or better Telec, was the ruler of Bulgaria 762–765. ... Sabin was the ruler of Bulgaria 765–766. ...

The Ugain clan (766-803)

Umor was the ruler of Bulgaria in 766. ... Toktu (Bulgarian: ) was the ruler of Bulgaria 766–767. ... Pagan was the ruler of Bulgaria 767–768. ... Telerig was the ruler of Bulgaria 768–777. ... Kardam (Bulgarian: ) was the ruler of Bulgaria 777–after 796/before 803. ...

Krum's dynasty, or possibly a second reign of the Dulo clan (803-997)

Portrait	Name	Khan/Emperor From	Khan/Emperor Until
	Krum	803	13 April 814
	Omurtag	814	831
	Malamir	831	836
	Presian	836	852
	Boris I	852	889 (died on 2 May 907)
	Vladimir	889	893
	Simeon I the Great	893	27 May 927
	Peter I	27 May 927	969 (died on 30 January 970)
	Boris II	969	971
	Roman I	976	997 (simultaneously with Samuil 976 - 997)

Krum (died April 13, 814) was a Khan of Bulgaria, of the Dulo clan, from 802 to 814. ... The Dulo Clan or the House of Dulo was the name of the ruling dynasty of the early Bulgars. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Krum (Bulgarian: ) (died April 13, 814) was ruler of Bulgaria, from after 796/ before 803 to 814. ... is the 103rd day of the year (104th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events Louis the Pious succeeds Charlemagne as king of the Franks and Emperor. ... Omurtag or Omortag (Bulgarian: ) was ruler of Bulgaria from 814 to 831. ... Malamir (Bulgarian: ) was the ruler of Bulgaria 831–836. ... Boris I Michail or Boris I Michael (Bulgarian Борис I Михаил, known also as Bogoris)(died May 2, 907) was the khan from 852 to 889 and first Christian ruler of Bulgaria. ... is the 122nd day of the year (123rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events Oleg leads Kievan Rus in a campaign against Constantinople Yelü Abaoji establishes Liao (Khitan) dynasty Births Deaths Categories: 907 ... Vladimir-Rasatte (Bulgarian: ) was the ruler of Bulgaria from 889 to 893. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Simeon (also Symeon)[1] I the Great (Bulgarian: , transliterated Simeon I Veliki;[2] IPA: ) ruled over Bulgaria from 893 to 927,[3] during the First Bulgarian Empire. ... is the 147th day of the year (148th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events Hubaekje sacks the Silla capital of Gyeongju and places King Gyeongsun on the throne. ... Peter I (Bulgarian: ) was emperor (tsar) of Bulgaria from May 27, 927 to 969, died January 30, 970. ... is the 147th day of the year (148th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events Hubaekje sacks the Silla capital of Gyeongju and places King Gyeongsun on the throne. ... is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events Major volcano eruption in Mashu Japan Devastating decade long famine begins in France Byzantine Emperor John I successfully defends the Eastern Roman Empire from massive barbarian invasion Construction completed on Al-Azhar mosque in Cairo, worlds oldest Islamic university Births Leif Ericson, Norse explorer Seyyed Razi, important Muslim... Czar Boris II of Bulgaria, the son of Czar Peter I of Bulgaria ruled for three years (969-972). ... Tsar Roman I of Bulgaria The second son of Tsar Peter from his marriage with Maria (Irena), granddaughter of the Byzantine Emperor Romanus I Lecapenus. ... Samuil redirects here. ...

House of Comitopuli (976-1018)

Portrait	Name	Emperor From	Emperor Until
	Samuil	997(simultaneously with Roman I 976 - 997)	6 October 1014
	Gavril Radomir	October 1014	August 1015
	Ivan Vladislav	August 1015	February 1018
	Peter II Delyan	1040	1041
	Peter III (Constantin Bodin)	1072	1072

... Samuil redirects here. ... Tsar Roman I of Bulgaria The second son of Tsar Peter from his marriage with Maria (Irena), granddaughter of the Byzantine Emperor Romanus I Lecapenus. ... is the 279th day of the year (280th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events February 14 - Pope Benedict VIII recognizes Henry of Bavaria as King of Germany July 29 - Battle of Kleidion: Basil II inflicts not only a decisive defeat on the Bulgarian army, but his subsequent savage treatment of 15,000 prisoners reportedly causes Tsar Samuil of Bulgaria to die of shock... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 370 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (618 × 1000 pixel, file size: 8 KB, MIME type: image/png) East Orthodox Cross I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Gavril Radomir was the ruler of Bulgaria from October 1014 to August or September 1015. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 370 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (618 × 1000 pixel, file size: 8 KB, MIME type: image/png) East Orthodox Cross I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Ivan Vladislav was the ruler of Bulgaria from August or September 1015 to August or September 1018. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Peter (II) Delyan of Bulgaria was the leader of the Bulgarian resistance against the Byzantine Empire around 1040. ... Constantine Bodin Constantine Bodin (Serbian:Konstantin Bodin, Константин Бодин/Bulgarian:Константин Бодин ), was a king of Duklja (1081–1101), and for a short time in 1072 he was emperor (tsar) of Bulgaria by name Peter III (Bulgarian:Petăr III). ...

Byzantine rule (1018-1186)

Byzantine redirects here. ...

Second Bulgarian Empire (1186-1395/1422)

Imperial Emblem (under the Shisman Dynasty) Bulgarian Empire c. ...

House of Asen (1186-1280)

Portrait	Name	Emperor From	Emperor Until
	Peter IV	1185	1190
	Ivan Asen I	1190	1196
	Peter IV	1196	1197
	Kaloyan	1197	1207
	Boril	1207	1218
	Ivan Asen II	1218	1241
	Kaliman I Asen	1241	1246
	Michael I Asen	1246	1256
	Kaliman II Asen	1256	1256
	Mitso Asen	1256	1257
	Constantine Tikh Asen	1257	1277
	Ivailo	1277	1280 (a peasant rebel leader)
	Ivan Asen III	1279	1280

The Asen dynasty ruled the Second Bulgarian Empire between 1187 and 1280. ... Peter IV (in Bulgarian Petăr IV, or commonly but less accurately Petăr II) (Bulgarian: ) ruled as emperor (tsar) of Bulgaria 1185-1197. ... Ivan Asen I (also Ioan Asen I, in English John Asen I), ruled as emperor (tsar) of Bulgaria 1189-1196. ... Peter IV (in Bulgarian Petăr IV, or commonly but less accurately Petăr II) (Bulgarian: ) ruled as emperor (tsar) of Bulgaria 1185-1197. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Kaloyan Asen, Kalojan, Johannizza, John, The Romankiller (c. ... Boril (Bulgarian: ) reigned as emperor (tsar) of Bulgaria from 1207 to 1218. ... Image File history File links Ivan-asen-II-zograf-portrait. ... Ivan Asen II (Bulgarian: , pronounced ; also Йоан Асен II, Yoan Asen II), in English sometimes known as John Asen II, ruled as Emperor (Tsar) of Bulgaria from 1218 to 1241, during the Second Bulgarian Empire. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 370 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (618 × 1000 pixel, file size: 8 KB, MIME type: image/png) East Orthodox Cross I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Kaliman I of Bulgaria was the son of Tsar Ivan Asen II and Anna Maria of Hungary. ... Michael Asen I of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Михаил Асен I, Mihail Asen I; often inconsistently styled Michael II Asen), ruled as emperor (tsar) of Bulgaria from 1246 to 1256. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 370 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (618 × 1000 pixel, file size: 8 KB, MIME type: image/png) East Orthodox Cross I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Kaliman II of Bulgaria was the son of Alexander. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 370 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (618 × 1000 pixel, file size: 8 KB, MIME type: image/png) East Orthodox Cross I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Mitso Asen (Bulgarian: ) emperor (tsar) of Bulgaria from 1256 until 1257. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1920x2560, 3746 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Constantine Tikh of Bulgaria Second Bulgarian Empire Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital... Tsar Constantine Tikh of Bulgaria (ruled 1257-1277) took the throne of Bulgaria after the assasination of Michael II Asen of Bulgaria in 1256. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 370 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (618 × 1000 pixel, file size: 8 KB, MIME type: image/png) East Orthodox Cross I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Ivailo (Bulgarian: Ивайло ), nicknamed Bărdokva (radish or lettuce) or Lakhanas (cabbage) was a rebel leader in Bulgaria in 1277 and reigned as emperor (tsar) of Bulgaria from 1278 to 1279. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 370 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (618 × 1000 pixel, file size: 8 KB, MIME type: image/png) East Orthodox Cross I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Tsar Ivan Asen III of Bulgaria was the son of Tsar Mico Asen and his wife Princess Maria of Bulgaria. ...

House of Terter (first reign, 1280-1292)

Tsar George I of Bulgaria was married twice. ...

House of Smilets (1292-1298)

Portrait	Name	Emperor From	Emperor Until
	Smilets	1292	1298

Image File history File links Size of this preview: 370 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (618 × 1000 pixel, file size: 8 KB, MIME type: image/png) East Orthodox Cross I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Smilets (or Smilec) (Bulgarian: ) reigned as emperor (tsar) or Bulgaria from 1292 to 1298. ...

Mongol monarch in Bulgaria (1298-1300)

Portrait	Name	Emperor From	Emperor Until
	Chaka	1299	1300

Image File history File links Size of this preview: 370 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (618 × 1000 pixel, file size: 8 KB, MIME type: image/png) East Orthodox Cross I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Tsar Chaka was tsar of Bulgaria from 1298-1300. ...

House of Terter (second reign, 1300-1323)

Portrait	Name	Emperor From	Emperor Until
	Teodor II Svetoslav	1300	1321
	George II Terter	1321	1322

Tsar Theodore Svetoslav, also Teodor Svetoslav, was monarch of Bulgaria from 1300 to 1322. ... Tsar George II of Bulgaria was monarch of Bulgaria from 1322 to 1323. ...

House of Shishman (1323-1396/1422)

Portrait	Name	Emperor From	Emperor Until
	Michael III Shishman	1323	1330
	Ivan Stephen	1330	1331
	Ivan Alexander	1331	1371
	Ivan Shishman	1371	1395
	Ivan Stratsimir	1356	1396
	Constantine II	1396	1422

Shishman may refer to: Ivan Shishman of Bulgaria Shishman Street Category: ... Michaels Pic File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Tsar Michael Shishman of Bulgaria (ruled 1323-1330) had to face an ingreasingly growing in power Serbia to the west. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Ivan Alexander (Bulgarian: , transliterated Ivan AleksandÇŽr;[1] IPA: ), also known as John Alexander,[2] ruled as Emperor (Tsar) of Bulgaria from 1331 to 1371,[3] during the Second Bulgarian Empire. ... Tsar Ivan Shishman of Bulgarian was the son of Tsar Ivan Alexander and his second wife Theodora. ... Tsar Ivan Stratsimir of Bulgaria was the son of Tsar Ivan Alexander and his first wife Princess Theodora of Wallachia. ... Constantine II (in Bulgarian, Konstantin II), ruled as emperor (tsar) of Bulgaria in Vidin 1397-1422. ...

Ottoman rule (1396/1422-1878)

Motto دولت ابد مدت Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (The Eternal State) Anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Borders in 1683, see: list of territories Capital Söğüt (1299–1326) Bursa (1326–1365) Edirne (1365–1453) Ä°stanbul (1453–1922) Government Monarchy Sultans  - 1281–1326 (first) Osman I  - 1918–22 (last) Mehmed VI Grand Viziers  - 1320...

Kingdom of Bulgaria (1878-1946)

The Treaty of San Stefano of March 3, 1878 provided for an independent Bulgarian state, which spanned over the geographical regions of Moesia, Thrace and Macedonia. ...

House of Battenberg (1879-1886)

Portrait	Name	Knyaz From	Knyaz Until
	Alexander I	29 April 1879	7 September 1886

Battenberg (Eder) is a town of 5000 inhabitants in Northern Hesse, Germany. ... Image File history File links Battenburg. ... Alexander Joseph of Battenberg (April 5, 1857 - November 17, 1893), the first prince of modern Bulgaria, reigned from April 29, 1879 to September 7, 1886). ... is the 119th day of the year (120th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1879 (MDCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 250th day of the year (251st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1886 (MDCCCLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (1887-1946)

Portrait	Name	King From	King Until
	Ferdinand I	7 July 1887	3 October 1918 (abdicated)
	Boris III	3 October 1918	28 August 1943
	Simeon II	28 August 1943	15 September 1946 (deposed)

Saxe-Coburg-Gotha or Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (German: Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha) was once the name given to the two German duchies of Saxe-Coburg and Saxe-Gotha in Germany, in the present states of Bavaria and Thuringia, which were in personal union between 1826 and 1918. ... From [1], in the public domain This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Ferdinand Maximilan Charles Leopold Marie, Ferdinand of Bulgaria (February 26, 1861 - September 10, 1948) was monarch of Bulgaria as well as an author, botanist and philatelist. ... is the 188th day of the year (189th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1887 (MDCCCLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 276th day of the year (277th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... Image File history File links Boris3bulgaria1894. ... Tsar Boris III of Bulgaria (January 30, 1894 – August 28, 1943), originally Boris Klemens Robert Maria Pius Ludwig Stanislaus Xaver, son of Ferdinand I, came to the throne in 1918 upon the abdication of his father, following Bulgarias defeat in World War I. This was the countrys second... is the 276th day of the year (277th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... is the 240th day of the year (241st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha as Prime Minister of Bulgaria Tsar Simeon II of Bulgaria (born June 16, 1937) was the last Tsar of Bulgaria from 1943 to 1946, and was Prime Minister of Bulgaria from 2001 until August 2005. ... is the 240th day of the year (241st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 258th day of the year (259th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Death of the Bulgarian monarchs

The Khazars (Hebrew Kuzari כוזרי Kuzarim כוזרים; Turkish Hazar Hazarlar; Russian Хазарин Хазары; Tatar sing Xäzär Xäzärlär; Crimean Tatar: ; Greek Χαζάροι/Χάζαροι; Persianخزر khazar; Latin Gazari or Cosri) were a semi-nomadic Turkic people from Central Asia, many of whom converted to Judaism. ... This article is about the city before the Fall of Constantinople (1453). ... This article is about the Danube River. ... This article is about the city in Bulgaria. ... Durrës (Photo by Marc Morell) Durrës (Albanian: Durrës or Durrësi) is the most ancient city of Albania and one of the most economically important as the biggest port city. ... Combatants Bulgarian Empire Byzantine Empire Commanders Peter Delyan Michael IX Strength Unknown Unknown Casualties Unknown Unknown The Battle of Ostrovo occurred in 1041 near Ostrovo, an area close to the lake of the same name in modern northern Greece. ... Ivanko (Bulgarian: ) killed Ivan Asen I, ruler of the renascent Second Bulgarian Empire, in 1196. ... This article is about the people. ...

See also

• History of Bulgaria
• Asen dynasty
• List of Prime Ministers of Bulgaria
• List of Presidents of Bulgaria