This page aims to list articles related to music. This is so that those interested in the subject can monitor changes to the pages by clicking on Related Changes in the sidebar and on the bottom of the page. This page links to itself, so we can track changes to it, too. If you want to create articles about music, consult the list of requested articles about music. Music is a form of expression in the medium of time using the structures of tones and silence. ...

This list is not necessarily complete or up to date - if you see an article that should be here but isn't (or one that shouldn't be here but is), please update the page accordingly. Do note, however, that there is already a list of musical instruments, a list of musical instruments by Hornbostel-Sachs number, a list of musical ensembles, and similar lists exist at composer, musician, record producers, arranger, list of genres of music, list of record labels, and list of songs by name. Please don't add things here that belong on those pages. The following is a list of musical instruments, categorized by section. ... The following is a list of musical instruments, categorized according to the Hornbostel-Sachs system, by how they make sound. ... A musical ensemble is, by definition, a group of three or more musicians who gather to perform music. ... A composer is a person who writes music. ... A musician is a person who plays or composes music. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... In popular music an arrangement is a setting of a piece of music, which may have been composed by the arranger or by someone else. ... See also: Genealogy of musical genres Music can be divided into genres in many different ways. ... The following is a partial list of record labels, both past and present. ...

Contents: Top - 0–9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

A

A cappella – Absolute pitch – Accidental – Accompaniment – Ad libitum – Adagio – Added tone chord – Additive rhythm – Album – Aleatoric music – Allegro – Alto – Ambiguity – American Music Awards – Antiphon – Arrangement – Articulation – Aspects of music – Atonality – Audio mixing – Auditory illusion – Authentic performance – Augmentation – Augmented chord A cappella music is vocal music or singing without instrumental accompaniment, or a piece intended to be performed in this way. ... Absolute pitch (AP), widely referred to as perfect pitch, refers to the ability to identify a note by name without the benefit of a reference note, or to be able to produce a note (as in singing) that is the correct pitch without reference. ... An accidental is a musical notation symbol used to raise or lower the pitch of a note from that indicated by the key signature. ... In music accompaniment is the art of playing along with a soloist or ensemble, often known as the lead, in a supporting manner as well as the music thus played. ... Ad libitum is Latin for at ones pleasure, often shortened to Ad lib. ... In musical terminology, tempo (Italian for time) is the speed or pace of a given piece. ... An added tone chord is a triadic chord with an extra added note, such as the added sixth. ... Additive rhythms are larger periods of time constructed from sequences of smaller rhythmic units added to the end of the previous unit. ... 33â…“ LP vinyl record for The Beatles Magical Mystery Tour album from the 1960s. ... Aleatoric (or aleatory) music or composition, is music where some element of the composition is left to chance. ... In musical terminology, tempo (Italian for time) is the speed or pace of a given piece. ... In music, an alto or contralto is a singer with a vocal range somewhere between a tenor and a mezzo-soprano. ... Look up ambiguity in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The American Music Awards show is one of four annual major US music awards shows (the others being the Billboard Music Awards, the Grammy Awards, and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony). ... This article is about the musical term. ... In popular music an arrangement is a setting of a piece of music, which may have been composed by the arranger or by someone else. ... Articulation may refer to several topics: In speech, linguistics, and communication: Topic-focus articulation Articulation score Place of articulation Manner of articulation In music: Musical articulations (staccato, legato, etc) In education: Articulation (education) In sociology: Articulation (sociology) This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that... The aspects of music are any characteristic, dimension, or element taken as a part or component of music. ... Atonality describes music that does not conform to the system of tonal hierarchies, which characterizes the sound of classical European music between the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries. ... Audio mixing is used in sound recording, audio editing and sound systems to balance the relative volume and frequency content of a number of sound sources. ... An auditory illusion is an illusion of hearing (sense), the sound equivalent of an optical illusion: the listener hears either sounds which are not present in the stimulus, or impossible sounds. ... The authentic performance movement is an effort on the part of musicians and scholars to perform works of classical music in ways similar to how they were performed when they were originally written. ... In music and music theory augmentation is the lengthening or widening of rhythms, melodies, intervals, chords. ... In general, an augmented chord is any chord which contains an augmented interval. ...

B

BACH motif – Back beat – Ballet – Band (music) – Bar (music) – Baroque music – Bass – Bass run – Bassline – Basso – Basso continuo – Beat & Beat (music) – Beatmatching – Bel canto – Binary form – Blue note – Blues – Blues ballad – Bohlen-Pierce scale – Boogie woogie – Braille music – Break – Bridge – British opera The BACH motif. ... In music a back beat (or the off-beat) is any of the even beats as opposed to the odd downbeats, ie pulses which are weak on their respective metric levels. ... The Waltz of the Snowflakes from Tchaikovskys The Nutcracker. ... In music, a band is a group of musicians, or musical ensemble, usually popular or folk, playing parts of or improvising off of a musical arrangement. ... In musical notation, a bar or measure is a segment of time defined as a given number of beats of a given duration. ... Baroque music describes an era and a set of styles of European classical music which were in widespread use between approximately 1600 to 1750 (see Dates of classical music eras for a discussion of the problems inherent in defining the beginning and end points). ... Bass (IPA: [], rhyming with face), when used as an adjective, describes tones of low frequency or range. ... A bass run is an instrumental break in which the main vocal or melody line rests (pauses, takes a break) and the bass instruments and line are given the forefront. ... In popular music a bassline, also bass line, is an instrumental part, or line, which is in the bass or lowest range and thus lower than the other parts and part of the rhythm section. ... A basso (or bass) is a male singer who sings in the lowest vocal range of the human voice. ... Figured bass, or thoroughbass, is a kind of integer musical notation used to indicate intervallic content (the intervals which make up a sonority), later chords, in relation to a bass note. ... Beating is striking more than once, in violence, beating a drum, etc. ... See also the beat disambiguation page. ... Beatmatching is a technique employed by DJs to transition between two songs while performing either live at a club or event, for radio broadcast or for distribution on prerecorded mix tapes/cds, achieved by changing the tempo of a new track to match that of the currently playing track, then... The term Bel Canto may refer to: Belcanto, a vocal technique; or Bel Canto, a novel by Ann Patchett. ... Binary form is a way of structuring a piece of music into two related sections, both of which are usually repeated. ... In jazz and blues notes added to the major scale for expressive quality, loosely defined by musicians to be an alteration to a scale or chord that makes it sound like the blues. ... The blues is blal vaökdgohdtzkhchg cnlncgdl a vocal and instrumental form of music based on the full twelve note chromatic scale plus the microtonal intervals and a characteristic eight and twelve-bar chord progression. ... The blues ballad synthesizes blues feeling and attitudes (using the blues scale and chord progressions) with the conventional 32-bar popular song from Tin Pan Alley. ... The Bohlen-Pierce scale (BP scale) is a musical scale that offers an alternative to the 12-tone equal temperament typical in western music. ... Boogie woogie has two different meanings: a piano based music style, boogie woogie (music) a dance that imitates the rocknroll of the 50s, boogie woogie (dance) This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Braille music code allows music to be notated using braille cells so that music can be read by visually impaired musicians. ... Look up Break in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Look up bridge in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... British opera is opera which was composed either in Britain or by a composer of British nationality. ...

C

Cadence (music) – Cadenza – Call and response (music) – Canon (music) – Cantillation – Castrato – Cent (music) – Chaconne – Chamber music – Child singer – Chicano Punk – Choir – Chorale – Chord (music) – Chord progression – Chromatic chord – Chromatic fantasia – Chromatic genus – Chromatic scale – Cimbasso – Circle of fifths – Clapping – Clef – Climax Blues Band – Close harmony – coda – Combination tone – Compound metre – Composer – Conductor (music) – Concert band – Conclusion – Consonance – Counterpoint – Cover version – Crescendo – Cubase In Western musical theory a cadence (Latin cadentia, a falling) is a particular series of intervals or chords that ends a phrase, section, or piece of music. ... A cadenza is usually now taken to mean a portion of a concerto in which the orchestra stops playing, leaving the soloist to play alone in free time (without a strict, regular pulse) and can be written or improvised, depending on what the composer specifies. ... In music, a call and response is a succession of two distinct phrases usually played by different musicians, where the second phrase is heard as a direct commentary on or response to the first. ... This article is about the musical use of the word canon. For other uses, see canon (disambiguation). ... Gen. ... A castrato is a male soprano, mezzo-soprano, or alto voice produced either by castration of the singer before puberty or who, because of an endocrinological condition, never reaches sexual maturity. ... The cent is a logarithmic unit of measure used for musical intervals. ... In music a chaconne is a musical form. ... Chamber music is a form of classical music, written for a small group of instruments which traditionally could be accommodated in a palace chamber. ... A child singer is a child who has a career as a singer. ... A choir or chorus is a musical ensemble of singers. ... A chorale was originally a hymn of the Lutheran church sung by the entire congregation. ... Fingering for a C-major trichord on a guitar in standard tuning (assuming all six strings are played). ... A chord progression (also chord sequence and harmonic progression or sequence), as its name implies, is a series of chords played in an order. ... The term chromatic chords is used to broadly describe chords used to harmonise a piece of music that are not drawn from the true notes of the scale of the key of the piece but are based on chromatically altered notes of the scale. ... History A chromatic fantasia is a specific form of fantasia (or fantasy or fancy) originating in sixteenth century Europe. ... The chromatic genus is a genus of divisions of the tetrachord characterized by an upper interval of a minor third. ... The chromatic scale is the scale that contains all twelve pitches of the Western tempered scale. ... The Cimbasso is a brass instrument in the trombone family, with a bright sound. ... In music theory, the circle of fifths is a geometrical space that depicts relationships among the 12 equal-tempered pitch classes comprising the familiar chromatic scale. ... A clap is the sound made by striking together two flat surfaces, as in the body parts of humans or animals. ... A clef (French for key) is a symbol used in musical notation that assigns notes to lines and spaces on the musical staff. ... Climax Blues Band is a British blues band founded in 1968 by Colin Cooper. ... Close harmony is an arrangement of the notes of chords within a narrow range, typically one octave. ... Coda sign Coda (Italian for tail; from the Latin cauda), in music, is a passage which brings a movement or a separate piece to a conclusion through prolongation. ... Also called a Tartini tone, a combination tone is a usually lower pitch produced inside the inner ear by the presence of two external pitches. ... In music, compound metre or compound time is a time signature or meter in which each beat (or rather, portion, 1/2 or 1/3 of a measure) is divided into three parts, as opposed to two which is simple meter. ... A composer is a person who writes music. ... Conducting is the act of directing a musical performance by way of visible gestures. ... A wind band, also called concert band, symphonic band, symphonic winds, wind orchestra, wind symphony, or wind ensemble, is a performing ensemble consisting of several members of the woodwind instrument family, brass instrument family and percussion instrument family. ... A conclusion can have various specific meanings depending on the context. ... Consonance is a stylistic device, often used in poetry. ... Counterpoint is a musical technique involving the simultaneous sounding of separate musical lines. ... In popular music a cover version is a new rendition (performance or recording) of a previously recorded song. ... In musical notation, crescendo means that the notes are gradually getting louder. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

D

Da capo – Da capo aria – Dance – Dance/Electronic Music – Dance and music of Latin America – Definite pitch – Definition of music – Deutsch's scale illusion – Diapason – Diapente – Diatessaron – Diatonic functionality – Diatonic scale – Diesis – Diminished chord – Diminished scale – Diminuendo – Diminution – Dissonance – Dominant – Drone – DSCH – Dubreq Stylophone – Duet – Duple – Dynamics Da Capo may refer to: Da Capo (Ace of Base album), a 2002 album by the Swedish pop band Ace of Base Da Capo (Love album), a 1967 album by the American rock band Love D.C. ~Da Capo~, a 2002 renai game by Circus This is a disambiguation page... The da capo aria was a musical form prevalent in the Baroque era. ... For other uses, see Dance (disambiguation). ... Latin America thrives on its culture. ... In music a sound or note of definite pitch is one of which it is possible or relatively easy to discern the pitch or frequency of the fundamental, as opposed to sounds of indefinite pitch. ... This article discusses the definition of music. ... Discovered by Diana Deutsch, Deutschs scale illusion is an auditory illusion produced by simultaneous ascending and descending major scales beginning in separate stereo channels with each successive note being switched to the opposite channel. ... The word diapason (pronounced ) is another name for the musical interval of the octave, especially in the context of Pythagorean intervals. ... In harmony, diapente is the ratio 3:2 (sesquialterum) between a pair of frequencies or, equivalently, the ratio 2:3 between a pair of wavelengths. ... Tatians Diatessaron was one of a number of harmonies of the four Gospels, that is, the material of the four distinct Gospels rewritten as a continuous narrative resolving all conflicting statements. ... See also: function and functional. ... In music theory, a diatonic scale (from the Greek diatonikos, to stretch out; also known as the heptatonia prima; set form 7-35) is a seven-note musical scale comprising five whole-tone and two half-tone steps, in which the half tones are maximally separated. ... A diesis is a musical interval. ... Generally speaking, a diminished chord is a chord which has a diminished fifth in it. ... In music, a diminished scale is a scale in which the notes of the scale ascend in alternating intervals of a whole step and a half step. ... In musical notation, diminuendo indicates that the notes are gradually getting softer (quieter). ... Diminution, from Italian diminuimento, is a musical term used to mean different things in the context of melodies and intervals or chords. ... In music, a consonance (Latin consonare, sounding together) is a harmony, chord, or interval considered stable, as opposed to a dissonance, which is considered unstable. ... In music, the dominant is the fifth degree of the scale. ... In music, a drone is a harmonic or monophonic effect or accompaniment where a note or chord is continuously sounded throughout much or all of a piece, sustained or repeated, and most often establishing a tonality upon which the rest of the piece is built. ... DSCH is a musical motif used by the Russian composer Dmitri Shostakovich to represent himself, in the manner of the BACH motif of Johann Sebastian Bach. ... The Dubreq Stylophone was a miniature electronic musical instrument invented in 1967 by Brian Jarvis. ... Duet may refer to: Duet, musical form Duet, Fox sitcom This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... In music, duple refers to duple meter. ... In music, dynamics refers to the volume or loudness of the sound or note, in particular to the range from soft (quiet) to loud. ...

E

Ear training – Electronic music – Equal temperament – Enharmonic – Ethnomusicology – Exposition Ear training is what musicians do to improve their ability to identify, relatively, chords, intervals, rhythms, and other elements of music. ... Electronic music is a term for music created using electronic devices. ... Equal temperament is a scheme of musical tuning in which an interval, usually the octave, is divided into a series of equal steps (equal frequency ratios). ... In music, an enharmonic is a note which is the equivalent of some other note, but spelled differently. ... Ethnomusicology (from the Greek ethnos = nation and mousike = music), formerly comparative musicology, is the study of music in its cultural context, cultural musicology. ... An exposition may be one of the following: In music an exposition is the first of the sections in sonata allegro form. ...

F

Falsetto – Feedback – Fifth – Filk – Finale notation program – Figured bass – Flatted fifth – Forte – Fortissimo – Fourth – Frequency – Fruityloops – Fry Tones – Fugue Falsetto (IPA: Italian , GenAm , RP ) is a singing technique that produces sounds that are pitched higher than the singers normal range. ... Feedback is (generally) information about actions. ... Fifth means one part out of five (1/5, 0. ... Filk is a musical culture, genre, and community tied to science fiction/fantasy fandom, active since the early 1950s if concentrated primarily since the mid-1970s. ... Finale is a scorewriter created by the software company MakeMusic! The main program is used by many professionals. ... Figured bass, or thoroughbass, is a kind of integer musical notation used to indicate intervals, chords, and nonchord tones, in relation to a bass note. ... This article is about the musical interval. ... Look up forte in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... In music, dynamics refers to the volume or loudness of the sound or note, in particular to the range from soft (quiet) to loud. ... In music, see: Perfect fourth Augmented fourth or tritone The subdominant, and the chord built on the subdominant, is often simply called the fourth as it is the fourth scale degree. ... Sine waves of various frequencies; the lower waves have higher frequencies than those above. ... FL Studio (formerly Fruityloops) is a music production software package created by Image-Line Software. ... In music, a fugue is a type of piece written for counterpoint for several independent musical voices. ...

G

Gamelan – Gebrauchsmusik – Genre – Ghost notes – Glissando – GNU LilyPond – Grace note – Glass Curtain Gamelan - Indonesian Embassy in Canberra A gamelan is a kind of musical ensemble of Indonesian origin typically featuring metallophones, xylophones, drums, and gongs. ... Gebrauchsmusik is a German term, essentially meaning “utility music,” for music that exists not only for its own sake, but which was composed for some specific, identifiable purpose. ... A genre is a division of a particular form of art or utterance according to criteria particular to that form. ... Ghost notes are musical notes occuring in a rhythmic figure which are purposely deemphasized, often nearly to the point of silence. ... Glissando (plural: glissandi) is a musical term that refers to either a continuous sliding from one pitch to another (a true glissando), or an incidental scale played while moving from one melodic note to another (an effective glissando). ... GNU LilyPond is a free software program for engraving sheet music. ... A grace note is a common term for a phenomenon of music notation used to denote several kinds of musical ornaments. ...

H

Harmonic – Harmonic accompaniment – Harmonic series (music) – Harmony – Hammond Organ – Hearing (sense) – Hemiola – Hexachord – Hornbostel-Sachs – Hymn In acoustics and telecommunication, the harmonic of a wave is a component frequency of the signal that is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency. ... In music accompaniment is the art of playing along with a soloist or ensemble in a supporting manner. ... Pitched musical instruments are usually based on a harmonic oscillator such as a string or a column of air. ... Harmony, Greek ἁρμονία harmonía meaning a fastening or join. The concept of harmony dates as far back as Pythagoras. ... The Hammond organ is an electric organ which was designed and built by Laurens Hammond in April 1935. ... Hearing, or audition, is one of the traditional five senses, and refers to the ability to detect sound. ... In modern musical parlance, a hemiola is a metrical pattern in which two bars in triple time (3/2 or 3/4 for example) are articulated as if they were three bars in duple time (2/2 or 2/4). ... In music, a hexachord is a collection of six tones. ... Hornbostel-Sachs (or Sachs-Hornbostel) is a system of musical instrument classification devised by Erich Moritz von Hornbostel and Curt Sachs, and first published in the Zeitschrift für Musik in 1914. ... A hymn is a type of song, usually religious, specifically written for the purpose of praise, adoration or prayer, and typically addressed to a god or other religiously significant figure. ...

I

Improvisation – Indefinite pitch – Inharmonic – Instrumentation – Interactive music – Interval (music) – Interval class – Intonation – Inversion (music) – Irrational rhythm – Isorhythm – Industrial (music) Improvisation is the act of making something up as it is performed. ... In music a sound or note of indefinite pitch is one of which it is impossible or relatively difficult to discern the pitch or frequency of the fundamental, as opposed to sounds of definite pitch. ... In music, inharmonic refers to the degree to which the frequencies of the overtones of a fundamental differ from whole number multiples of the fundamentals frequency. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Instrumentation engineering. ... Interactive music also known as nonlinear music or adaptive music, is synonymous with soundtracks to interactive media and in particular computer games. ... In music theory, an interval is the relationship between two notes or pitches, the lower and higher members of the interval. ... In music, specifically, musical set theory an interval class, or unordered pitch-class interval, is an interval measured by the distance between its two pitch classes ordered so they are as close as possible. ... Intonation is a term used to cover particular uses of tones in linguistics and music. ... In music theory, the word inversion has several meanings. ... In music, an irrational rhythm is any rhythm in which an odd number of beats is superimposed on an even number in the predominating tempo, or vice versa. ... Isorhythm (iso or same) consists of an order of durations or rhythms, talea (cutting, plural taleae), which is repeated within a tenor melody whose pitch content or series, color (repetition), varied in the number of members from the talea. ... Industrial music is a loose term for a number of different styles of electronic and experimental music. ...

J

Just intonation – Jazz standards – In music, just intonation, also called rational intonation, is any musical tuning in which the frequencies of notes are related by whole number ratios; that is, by positive rational numbers. ... Jazz standard refers to a tune that is widely known, performed, and recorded among jazz musicians. ...

K

Key (music) – Key signature – In music theory, the key identifies the tonic triad, the chord, major or minor, which represents the final point of rest for a piece, or the focal point of a section. ... In musical notation, a key signature is a series of sharp symbols or flat symbols placed on the staff, designating notes that are to be played one semitone higher or lower unless otherwise noted with an accidental. ...

L

Largo – Larghetto – Leading-tone – Learning music by ear – Legato – Leitmotif – Ligature – Limit (music) – Linear – List of major chord shapes for guitar – List of popular music terms – Lubbock Sound Largo has multiple definitions and can mean: In musical notation, largo means the music is to be played at a slow tempo An album called Largo which pays tribute to said type of music featuring contributions by Joan Osbourne and Cyndi Lauper. ... This article is about tempo in music. ... In music theory, a leading-tone (called the leading-note outside the US) is a note or pitch which is resolves or leads to a note one semitone higher or lower, being an lower and upper leading-tone, respectively. ... Learning music by ear is done by repeatedly listening to other musicians and then attempting to recreate what one hears. ... In musical notation legato indicates that musical notes are played smoothly. ... A leitmotif (also spelled leitmotiv) is a recurring musical theme, associated within a particular piece of music with a particular person, place or idea. ... In music notation, a ligature is a symbol that connects multiple notes in some way. ... Just intonation tunings and scales can be described by giving an upper bound on the complexity of the harmonies admitted by the tuning or scale. ... The word linear comes from the Latin word linearis, which means created by lines. ... This is a list of major chord shapes for the guitar. ... This is a list of popular music terms, not including musical genres; each term is followed by the corresponding classical term, if any. ... Lubbock sound is a genre of American music that began with the popularity of Lubbock, Texas native Buddy Holly. ...

M

Madrigal -- Major chord -- Major second -- Major scale -- Major seventh -- Major sixth -- Major third -- Maqam -- Mathematics of the Western music scale -- Meantone temperament -- Measure -- Melody -- Metre -- Metronome -- Mezzo-soprano -- Micropolyphony -- Microtonal music -- Microtone -- Minor chord -- Minor second -- Minor scale -- Minor seventh -- Minor sixth -- Minor third -- Missing fundamental -- Mix -- Mixing -- Modern musical symbols -- Modulation (music) -- Monophony -- Motet -- Motif (music) -- Mouthpiece -- Music -- Music and politics -- Music genre -- Music history -- Music technology -- Music theory -- Musical acoustics -- Band (music) -- Musical composition -- Musical ensemble -- Musical form -- Musical instrument -- Musical keyboard -- Musical mode -- Musical notation -- Musical ornament -- Musical piece -- Musical terminology -- Musical tuning -- Musician -- Musicology -- Mute (music) A madrigal is a setting for 3–6 voices of a secular text, often in Italian. ... Generally speaking, a major chord is any chord which has a major third above its root, as opposed to a minor chord which has a minor third. ... A major second is one of three commonly occuring musical intervals that span two diatonic scale degrees; the others being the minor second, which is one semitone smaller, and the augmented second, which is one semitone larger. ... In music theory, the major scale (or major mode) is one of the diatonic scales. ... The musical interval of a Major seventh the first note (the root or tonic) and the seventh, the leading tone, in a major scale. ... The musical interval of a major sixth is the relationship between the first note (the root or tonic) and the sixth note in a Major scale. ... A major third is the larger of two commonly occuring musical intervals that span three diatonic scale degrees. ... In Arab music a maqaam (Arabic: مقام) is, a technique of improvisation that defines the pitches, patterns, and development of a piece of music and which is unique to Arabian art music. ... Musical scales A musical scale is a discrete set of pitches used in making or describing music. ... Meantone temperament is a system of musical tuning. ... Measure can mean: To perform a measurement. ... Look up melody in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Metre or meter is the measurement of a musical line into measures of stressed and unstressed beats, indicated in Western notation by a symbol called a time signature. ... A mechanical wind-up metronome in motion A digital metronome set to pulse at four beats per measure at a tempo of 130 BPM A metronome is a device that produces a regulated pulse, usually used to keep a beat steady in musical compositions. ... A mezzo-soprano (meaning medium soprano in Italian) is a female singer with a range usually extending from the A below middle C to the F an eleventh above middle C. Mezzo-sopranos generally have a darker (or lower) vocal tone than sopranos, and their vocal range is between that... Micropolyphony is a type of 20th century musical texture involving the use of sustained dissonant chords that shift slowly over time. ... Microtonal music is music using microtones -- intervals of less than a semitone, or as Charles Ives put it, the notes between the cracks of the piano. ... Microtonal music is music using microtones -- intervals of less than a semitone, or as Charles Ives put it, the notes between the cracks of the piano. ... Generally speaking, a minor chord is any chord which has a minor third above its root, as opposed to a major chord which has a major third. ... A minor second is the smallest of three commonly occuring musical intervals that span two diatonic scale degrees; the others being the major second and the augmented second, which are larger by one and two semitones respectively. ... A minor scale in musical theory is a diatonic scale whose third scale degree is an interval of a minor third above the tonic. ... The musical interval of a minor seventh the first note (the root or tonic) and the seventh in a minor scale. ... A minor sixth is the smaller of two commonly occuring musical intervals that span six diatonic scale degrees. ... A minor third is the smaller of two commonly occurring musical intervals that span three diatonic scale degrees. ... A missing fundamental is a missing fundamental frequency which higher frequencies refer to. ... MIX is the mythical computer used in Donald Knuths textbook trilogy, The Art of Computer Programming. ... Audio mixing is used in sound recording, audio editing and sound systems to balance the relative volume and frequency content of a number of sound sources. ... This is intended to be a comprehensive guide on the various symbols encountered in modern musical notation. ... In music, modulation is most commonly the act or process of changing from one key (tonic, or tonal center) to another. ... In music, the word texture is often used in a rather vague way in reference to the overall sound of a piece of music. ... In Western music, motet is a word that is applied to a number of highly varied choral musical compositions. ... In music, a motif is a perceivable or salient reoccurring fragment or succession of notes that may used to construct the entirety or parts of complete melodies, themes. ... // Scuba diving and industrial breathing sets Nemrod twin-hose diving regulator made in the 1980s. ... Music is a form of expression in the medium of time using the structures of tones and silence. ... There is a long history of the connection between music and politics, particularly political expression in music. ... A music genre is a category (or genre) of pieces of music that share a certain style or basic musical language (van der Merwe 1989, p. ... In musicology, music history is the study of how music has developed over time, and may include manuscript studies, textual criticism, iconography, studies of the relationship between words and music, and the relationship between music and society. ... Music technology is a wide ranging field. ... Music theory is a field of study that involves an investigation of the many diverse elements of a music, including the development and methodology for analyzing, hearing, understanding, and composing music. ... Musical acoustics or music acoustics is the branch of acoustics concerned with researching and describing the physics of music — how sounds employed as music work. ... In music, a band is a group of musicians, or musical ensemble, usually popular or folk, playing parts of or improvising off of a musical arrangement. ... Musical composition is: an original piece of music the structure of a musical piece the process of creating a new piece of music // A musical composition A piece of music exists in the form of a written composition in musical notation or as a single acoustic event (a live performance... A musical ensemble is a group of three or more musicians who gather to perform music. ... The term musical form is used in two related ways: a generic type of composition such as the symphony or concerto the structure of a particular piece, how its parts are put together to make the whole; this too can be generic, such as binary form or sonata form Musical... A musical instrument is a device constructed or modified with the purpose of making music. ... Hello People who love keyboards!!!!!!!!!!!! Headline text This article is about keyboards on musical instruments. ... In music, a mode is an ordered series of musical intervals, which, along with the key or tonic, define the pitches. ... Hand-written musical notation by Johann Sebastian Bach. ... In music, ornaments are musical flourishes that are not necessary to the overall melodic (or harmonic) line, but serve to decorate or ornament that line. ... A musical piece is a musical work that has been created. ... Below is a list of terms used in musical terminology which are likely to occur on printed or sheet music. ... In music, there are two common meanings for tuning: Tuning practice The act of tuning an instrument or voice. ... A musician is a person who plays or composes music. ... Musicology is reasoned discourse concerning music (Greek: μουσικη = music and λογος = word or reason). In other words: the whole body of systematized knowledge about music which results from the application of a scientific method of investigation or research, or of philosophical speculation and rational systematization to the facts, the processes and the... A mute is a device which alters the timbre and/or reduces the volume of a musical instrument. ...

N

New interfaces for musical expression – Nonchord tone – Note – Novelty song – Numerical sight-singing Musician with a multimodal instrument based on electromyography, position sensing, and acoustically resonant bowls. ... A nonchord tone, nonharmonic tone, or non-harmony note is a note in a piece of common practice music which is not in the chord that is formed by the other notes; for example, if a piece of music is currently on a C Major chord, the notes CEG are... A novelty song is a usually intentionally humorous song, usually in published or recorded form. ... An alternative to the solfege system of sight-singing, this musical notation system numbers the diatonic scale with the numbers one through eight (or, alternately, one to seven, with the octave again being one). ...

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Octave – Octave illusion – Opera – Operetta – Oratorio – Orchestra – Orchestration– Organ – Organology – Ornament – Ostinato – Overtone In music, an octave (sometimes abbreviated 8ve or 8va) is the interval between one musical note and another with half or double the frequency. ... Discovered by Diana Deutsch in 1973, the octave illusion is an auditory illusion produced by simultaneously playing two sequences of two notes, high to low, and low to high, in separate stereo channels over headphones. ... Sydney Opera House: one of the worlds most recognisable opera houses and landmarks. ... Operetta (literally, little opera) is a performance art-form similar to opera, though it generally deals with less serious topics. ... An oratorio is a large musical composition for orchestra, vocal soloists and chorus. ... The Boston Pops orchestra performing on the Charles River Esplanade in Boston, Massachusetts. ... For the use of the term orchestration in computer science, see orchestration (computers) Orchestration is the study and practice of adapting music for an orchestra or musical ensemble. ... Organ in Katharinenkirche, Frankfurt am Main, Germany Modern style pipe organ at the concert hall of Aletheia University in Matou, Taiwan The organ is a keyboard instrument with one or more manuals, and usually a pedalboard. ... Center For Arabic Culture (CAC) == http://www. ... In music, ornaments are musical flourishes that are not necessary to the overall melodic (or harmonic) line, but serve to decorate or ornament that line. ... In music, an ostinato (derived from Italian: stubborn, compare English: obstinate) is a motif or phrase which is repeated over and over again. ... An overtone is a sinusoidal component of a waveform, of greater frequency than its fundamental frequency. ...

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Pastance – Parallel minor/major – Passacaglia – Passion – Patriotic song – Pensato – Pentatonic scale – Perfect fourth – Perfect fifth – Period (music) – Phonograph – Phrase (music) – Physics of music – Picardy third – Piston valve – Pitch (music) – Pitch space – Pizzicato – Plainsong – Polyphony – Polyrhythm – Polytonality – Power chord – Precompositional – Presto – Protest song – Pseudo-octave – Psychoacoustics – Pulse – Pythagorean comma – Pythagorean tuning In music, the parallel minor of a particular major key (or the parallel major of a minor key) is the key which has the same tonic and a different key signature, as opposed to relative minor (or major, respectively). ... In music a passacaglia (French: passacaille, Spanish: pasacalle) is a musical form and the corresponding court dance. ... The Passion is the technical term for the suffering and Agony of Jesus that led directly to the Crucifixion, a central Christian event. ... This is an incomplete list. ... In music, a pensato is a composed imaginary note. ... In music, a pentatonic scale is a scale with five notes per octave. ... The perfect fourth or diatessaron, abbreviated P4, is one of two musical intervals that span four diatonic scale degrees; the other being the augmented fourth, which is one semitone larger. ... The perfect fifth or diapente is one of three musical intervals that span five diatonic scale degrees; the others being the diminished fifth, which is one semitone smaller, and the augmented fifth, which is one semitone larger. ... The 1958 Encyclopédie Fasquelle defines a period as follows: A complex phrase, in which the various parts are enchained. ... Edison cylinder phonograph ca. ... In music a phrase is a section of music that is relatively self contained and coherent over a medium time scale. ... Sound waves Variations in air pressure against the ear drum, and the subsequent physical and neurological processing and interpretation, give rise to the experience called sound. Most sound that people recognize as musical is dominated by periodic or regular vibrations rather than non-periodic ones (called a definite pitch), and... A picardy third (also known as Tierce de Picardie) is a harmonic device used in European classical music. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with rotary valve. ... In music, pitch is the perception of the frequency of a note. ... In music pitch space is the modeling of pitch relationships, represented through mathematical models, most often multidimensional, describing how near or far pitches are from each other. ... Pizzicato is a method of playing a bowed string instrument by plucking the strings with the fingers, rather than using the bow. ... Broadly speaking, plainsong is the name given to the body of traditional songs used in the liturgies of the Catholic Church. ... Polyphony is a musical texture consisting of two or more independent melodic voices, as opposed to music with just one voice (monophony) or music with one dominant melodic voice accompanied by chords (homophony). ... Polyrhythm is the simultaneous sounding of two or more independent rhythms. ... The use of more than one key simultaneously is known in music as polytonality. ... In music, a power chord is, in the broadest sense, a chord that remains euphonious when distorted by amplification. ... In music, precompositional decisions are those decisions which a composer decides upon before or while beginning to create a composition. ... The term Presto can refer to: a musical term indicating a fast tempo 1989 album by Rush the layout engine used in the Opera web browser Presto Studios - game development company Presto, Bolivia Hyundai Presto - a car The term has also been used is also used for centuries to command... AĆ protest song is a song intended to protest perceived problems in society such as injustice, racial discrimination, war, globalization, inflation, social inequalities. ... A pseudo-octave is an interval whose frequency ratio is not 2:1, the definition of an octave, but is treated in some way or ways equivalent to this ratio. ... Psychoacoustics is the study of subjective human perception of sounds. ... In music, a pulse is an unbroken series of distinct yet identical periodically occurring short stimuli perceived as points in time (DeLone et. ... When one ascends by a cycle of justly tuned perfect fifths (ratio 3:2), leapfrogging 12 times, one eventually reaches a note around seven octaves above the note one started on, which, when lowered to the same octave as the starting point, is 23. ... Pythagorean tuning is a system of musical tuning in which the frequency relationships of all intervals are based on the ratio 3:2. ...

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Quartal and quintal harmony – Quodlibet– The Olympics (band) Quartal harmonies and quintal harmonies are harmonies based on fourths and fifths rather than the traditional harmonies based on thirds. ... A quodlibet is a piece of music which combines several different melodies in counterpoint, usually popular tunes, and often in a light-hearted manner. ... The Olympics were a doo-wop group formed in 1957 by lead singer Walter Ward. ...

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Radio Luxembourg – Raga – Raggamuffin – Range – Reason (program) – Recitative – Record label – Recording industry – Register (music) – Relative minor/major – Relative pitch – Relaxation – Remix – Resolution (music) – Resonance – Rhapsody (music) – Rhythm – Rhythmic gesture – Rhythmic unit – Riddim – Riff – Rosegarden – Rotary valve – Round (music) Radio Luxembourg (1933-1992) was an important forerunner of pirate radio and modern commercial radio in Europe. ... Raga (rāg /राग (Hindi), raga (anglicised from rāgaḥ/रागः (Sanskrit)) or rāgam /ராகம் (Tamil)) are the melodic modes used in Indian classical music. ... Raggamuffin (or ragga) is a kind of reggae that includes digitized backing instrumentation. ... In music, the range of a musical instrument is the distance from the lowest to the highest pitch it can play. ... Reason is a popular music software program developed by Swedish software developers Propellerhead Software. ... Recitative, a form of composition often used in operas, oratorios, cantatas and similar works, is described as a melodic speech set to music, or a descriptive narrative song in which the music follows the words. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The record industry (or recording industry) is the industry that manufactures and distributes mechanical recordings of music. ... In music, a register is the relative height or range of a note, set of pitches or pitch classes, melody, part, instrument or group of instruments. ... In music, the relative minor of a particular major key (or the relative major of a minor key) is the key which has the same key signature but a different tonic, as opposed to parallel minor or major, respectively. ... The term relative pitch may denote: the distance of a musical note from a set point of reference, e. ... The word relaxation can mean the following: The opposite of stress or tension; the aim of recreation and leisure activities. ... A remix is an alternate mix of a song different from the original version, made using the techniques of audio editing. ... Resolution in western tonal music theory is the need for a sounded note and/or chord to move from a dissonance or unstable sound to a more final or stable sounding one, a consonance. ... The Tacoma Narrows Bridge (shown twisting) in Washington collapsed spectacularly, under moderate wind, in part because of resonance. ... A rhapsody in music is a one-movement work that is episodic yet integrated, free-flowing in structure, featuring a range of highly contrasted moods, color and tonality. ... // Rhythm (Greek ρυθμός = tempo) is the variation of the duration of sounds or other events over time. ... A rhythmic gesture is a durational pattern which, in contrast to a rhythmic unit, does not occupy a period of time equivalent to a pulse or pulses on an underlying metric level. ... A rhythmic unit is a durational pattern which occupies a period of time equivalent to a pulse or pulses on an underlying metric level, as opposed to a rhythmic gesture. ... A riddim is a rhythm pattern, basically consisting of a drum pattern and a prominent bassline. ... In music, a riff is an ostinato figure: a repeated chord progression, pattern or melodic figure, often played by the rhythm section instruments, that forms the basis or accompaniment of a rock music or jazz composition. ... Rosegarden is a free software digital audio workstation program developed for GNU/Linux with ALSA and KDE. It acts as an audio and MIDI sequencer, scorewriter and musical composition and editing tool. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into brass instrument. ... A round is a musical composition in which two or more voices sing exactly the same melody, beginning at different times. ...

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Sampling (music) – Sargam – Scale (music) – Scratching – Second – Secondary dominant – Secundal – Serial music – Sequence – Seventh – Shape note – Sheet music – Shepard tone – Sibelius notation program – Singing school – Single – Sight reading – Simple meter – Simultaneity – Simultaneity succession – Sixth – Skip – Solo (music) – Solfege – Sonata form – Sonata – Song – Soprano – Soul – Sound – Sound quality – Sound recording – Sound sculpture – Sound system – Stab – Staccato – Staff – Step – Stochastic – Strähle's construction – Subdominant – Substitute dominant – Succession – Suite – Suzuki method – Suspension (music) – Swung note – Symmetry – Sympathetic strings – Symphony – Syncopation – Synthesizer – Syntonic comma – In music, sampling is the act of taking a portion of one sound recording, the sample, and reusing it as an instrument or element of a new recording. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Swara. ... In music, a scale is a set of musical notes that provides material for part or all of a musical work. ... Scratching is a DJ or turntablist technique originated by Grand Wizard Theodore, an early hip hop DJ from New York (AMG). ... For other uses, see Second In music, a second may refer to: Minor second, or semitone Neutral second, or three-quarters-tone (i. ... Secondary dominants are a kind of chord used in musical harmony. ... In music or music theory, secundal is the quality of a chord made from seconds, and anything related to things constructed from seconds such as counterpoint. ... Serialism is a rigorous system of composing music in which various elements of the piece are ordered according to a pre-determined ordered set or sets, and variations on them. ... In mathematics, a sequence is a list of objects (or events) arranged in a linear fashion, such that the order of the members is well defined and significant. ... In music, see the intervals: seventh, musical group Major seventh minor seventh diminished seventh The note of a chord forming any of the above intervals with the chords root. ... Shape notes are a system of music notation designed to facilitate choral singing. ... Sheet music is written representation of music. ... A Shepard tone is a sound consisting of a superposition of tones separated by octaves. ... Sibelius is a scorewriter program, created by the company Sibelius Software. ... A singing school is a school for teaching vocal music. ... A collection of various CD singles In music, a single is a short record, usually featuring one or two tracks as A-side, often accompanied by several B-sides, usually remixes or other songs. ... Sight reading is reading and performing a work of music without having seen it before. ... In music, simple metre or simple time is a time signature or meter in which each beat (or rather, portion, 1/2 or 1/3 of a measure) is divided into two parts, as opposed to three which is compound meter. ... Simultaneity is the property of two events happening at the same time in at least ONE Reference frame. ... In music and music theory a simultaneity succession is a series of different groups of pitches or pitch classes, each of which is played at the same time as the other pitches of its group. ... In music, see the intervals: Major sixth Minor sixth The submediant, and the chord built on the submediant, is often simply called the sixth as it is the sixth scale degree. ... www. ... In music, solo means to play or sing alone. ... Solfege table in an Irish classroom In music and sight singing solfege or solmization is a way of assigning syllables to degrees or steps of the diatonic scale. ... Sonata form is a musical form that has been widely used since the early classical period. ... Sonata (From Latin and Italian sonare, to sound), in music, literally means a piece played as opposed to cantata (Latin cantare, to sing), a piece sung. ... A song is a relatively short musical composition for the human voice (possibly accompanied by other musical instruments), which features words (lyrics). ... Look up Soprano in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The soul, according to many religious and philosophical traditions, is a self aware ethereal substance particular to a unique living being. ... A schematic representation of hearing. ... Sound quality generally is the quality of the audio output from various electronic devices. ... Methods and media for sound recording are varied and have undergone significant changes between the first time sound was actually recorded for later playback until now. ... Sound sculpture is one term for the multimedia artform where, as the name suggests, sculpture produces sound or, less often, the reverse. ... Sound system has multiple meanings: A sound reinforcement system is a system for amplifying, reproducing, and sometimes recording audio. ... In music, a stab is a single staccato chord that adds dramatic impact to a composition. ... In musical notation, staccato indicates that notes are sounded in a detached and distinctly separate manner with their lengths shortened; that is, a short silence should be between the notes, without affecting the rhythm. ... In musical notation, the staff or stave is a set of five horizontal lines on which note symbols are placed to indicate pitch and time. ... STEP has several meanings: Sixth Term Examination Paper The Society of Trust and Estate Practitioners. ... Stochastic, from the Greek stochos or goal, means of, relating to, or characterized by conjecture; conjectural; random. ... Strähles construction is a geometric means of approximating the placement of lute, viol, and guitar frets. ... In music, the subdominant is the technical name for the fourth tonal degree of the diatonic scale. ... In music, substitute dominant chords are also known as Sub-V (pronounced Sub Five) chords because they originate from a reharmonisation of the original dominant chord. ... Succession is the act or process of pooing or of following in order or sequence. ... It has been suggested that Suite_de_Danses be merged into this article or section. ... The Suzuki method is a way of teaching, or educational philosophy, most often used in learning to play music. ... In music theory, a suspension is a nonchord tone that occurs when the harmony shifts from one chord to another, but one or more notes of the first chord are held over, suspended, into the second but then resolved to a chord tone. ... In music, a swung note or shuffle note is the rhythmic device in which the duration of the initial note in a pair is augmented and that of the second is diminished. ... Square with symmetry group D4 Symmetry is a characteristic of geometrical shapes, equations, and other objects; we say that such an object is symmetric with respect to a given operation if this operation, when applied to the object, does not appear to change it. ... Sympathetic strings are strings on musical instruments which begin resonating, not due to any external influence such as picking or bowing, but due to another note (or frequency). ... A symphony is an extended composition usually for orchestra and usually comprising several movements. ... In music, syncopation is the stressing of a normally unstressed beat in a bar or the failure to sound a tone on an accented beat. ... A synthesizer (spelling var. ... The syntonic comma, also known as the comma of Didymus or Ptolemaic comma, is a small interval between two musical notes, equal to the frequency ratio 81:80, or around 21. ...

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Tablature – Tempo – Tenor – Tension – Ternary form – Tertian – Tertium major – Tertium minor – Tetrachord – Third – Tie (music) – Timbre – Timeline of trends in music (1900-1950) – Timeline of trends in music (1951-present) – Time signature – Time unit box system – Tone cluster – Tone row – Tonic (music) – Tonicization – Tonic Sol-fa – Total chromatic – Transposing instrument – Transposition (music) – Tremolo – Triad (music) – Trill – Triplet – Tritone – Tuning – Tuplet – Twelve-tone technique To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... In musical terminology, tempo (Italian for time) is the speed or pace of a given piece. ... In music, a tenor is a male singer with a high voice (although not as high as the modern countertenor). ... Tension is a reaction force applied by a stretched string (rope or a similar object) on the objects which stretch it. ... Ternary form is a structuring mechanism of a piece of music. ... In music or music theory, tertian is the quality of a chord constructed from thirds, and other things constructed from thirds such as counterpoint. ... In harmony, the ditonus (Latin for double tone — plural ditoni) is the ratio 5:4 (sesquiquartum) between a pair of frequencies or, equivalently, the ratio 4:5 between a pair of wavelengths. ... In harmony, the semiditonus is the ratio 6:5 (sesquiquintum) between a pair of frequencies or, equivalently, the ratio 5:6 between a pair of wavelengths. ... The tetrachord is a concept of music theory borrowed from ancient Greece. ... In music, see the following intervals: Major third Minor third The mediant, and the chord built on the mediant, is often called simply the third, as it is the third degree of the diatonic scale. ... In music, a tie is when multiple notes of the same pitch are to be played as one note with a duration equal to the sum of the individual notes durations. ... In music, timbre, also timber (French, IPA /tæmbÉ™r/ as in the first two syllables of tambourine), is the quality of a musical note or sound which distinguishes different types of sound production or musical instruments. ... Categories: Timelines of music ... Categories: Timelines of music ... The time signature (also known as meter signature) is a notational device used in Western musical notation to specify how many beats are in each bar and what note value constitutes one beat. ... Time Unit Box System (TUBS) is a simple system for notating events that happen over a period of time. ... A tone cluster, in music and in Western tuning, is a chord or simultaneity comprised of consecutive tones separated chromatically. ... In music, a tone row or note row is a permutation, an arrangement or ordering, of the twelve notes of the chromatic scale. ... The tonic is the first note of a musical scale, and in the tonal method of music composition it is extremely important. ... In music, tonicization is the treatment of a pitch other than the overall tonic as a tonic for a part of a composition. ... Tonic Sol-fa is a system of musical notation based on relationships between tones in a key. ... In music, the total chromatic is the collection of all twelve equal tempered pitch classess of the chromatic scale. ... A transposing instrument is a musical instrument whose music is written at a pitch different from the actual concert pitch. Concert pitch is the pitch as notated for piano (or any other non-transposing instrument) - e. ... In music transposition is moving a note or collection of notes (or pitches) up or down in pitch by a constant interval. ... Tremolo is a musical term with two meanings: A rapid repetition of the same note, a rapid variation in the amplitude of a single note, or an alternation between two or more notes. ... In music or music theory, a triad is a tonal or diatonic tertian trichord. ... In music, a trill is a type of ornament; see trill (music) In phonetics, a trill is a type of consonant; see trill consonant In the fictional Star Trek universe, the Trill are two symbiotic races of aliens; see Trill (Star Trek). ... A triplet is a set of three items, and includes in particular: one of three babies in a multiple birth a preparation of opal as a gemstone, with a thin layer of opal backed with a dark material and covered with cap of clear quartz in poetry, a tercet (three... The augmented fourth between C and F# forms a tritone. ... In music, tuning is the process of producing or preparing to produce a certain pitch in relation to another, usually at the unison but often at some other interval. ... In music a tuplet is a note value whose relationship with the next larger note value is more or less than (not equal to) half as long as the next higher note value, usually indicated with a horizontal (or nearly horizontal) bracket with a number. ... Twelve-tone technique (also dodecaphony) is a method of musical composition devised by Arnold Schoenberg. ...

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Unison UNISON logo UNISON is the largest trade union in the United Kingdom, with over 1. ...

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Verse – Vertical – Vibrato – Video game music – Vocal music – Voice registers – Verse is a writing that uses meter as its primary organisational mode, as opposed to prose, which uses grammatical and discoursal units like sentences and paragraphs. ... An object is in a vertical position when it is aligned in an up-down direction, perpendicular to the horizon. ... Vibrato is a musical effect where the pitch or frequency of a note or sound is quickly and repeatedly raised and lowered over a small distance for the duration of that note or sound. ... Outrun (1986) is an arcade game with an integral soundtrack. ... Vocal music is music performed by one or more singers, with or without instrumental accompaniment, in which singing provides the main focus of the piece. ... Human voice is sound made by a person using the vocal folds for talking, singing or crying. ...

W

Wah-wah – Wolf interval – Seventh release by Manchester indie rock group, James. ... When the twelve notes within the octave are tuned using meantone temperament, one of the fifths will be much sharper than the rest. ...

X

Xenharmonic Xenharmonic music includes all tuning systems and music using those systems not using the common European twelve-tone equal temperament. ...

Y

Yamaha The Yamaha Corporation (ヤマハ株式会社; TYO: 7951 ) is a Japanese company with a large number of product areas. ...

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