This is an incomplete list of individual network protocols, categorized by their nearest OSI model layers. For other senses of this word, see protocol. ... OSI is primarily used as an abbreviation and has many meanings: OSI Pharmaceuticals, an American pharmaceutical company OSI Restaurant Partners, the restaurant and entertainment group that includes Outback Steakhouse OSI Systems a company that manufactures security scanners and medical equipment based in California Olomouc Summer Institute, an educational program for...

Layer 1 protocols (Physical layer)

• ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
• PDH Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy
  • T-carrier (T1, T3, etc.)
  • E-carrier (E1, E3, etc.)
• RS-232, a serial line interface originally developed to connect modems and computer terminals
• SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
• SONET Synchronous Optical NETworking
• Modem standards/ITU V-Series Protocols used to communicate between analog modems over voice telephone lines.
• Various Ethernet physical layers

This article does not cite any references or sources. ... ISDN redirects here. ... The Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (PDH) is a technology used in telecommunications networks to transport large quantities of data over digital transport equipment such as fibre optic and microwave radio systems. ... Two Network Interface Units, one with a single card, the other with two In telecommunications, T-carrier is the generic designator for any of several digitally multiplexed telecommunications carrier systems originally developed by Bell Labs and used in North America and Japan. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... RS-232 (also referred to as EIA RS-232C or V.24) is a standard for serial binary data interchange between a DTE (Data terminal equipment) and a DCE (Data communication equipment). ... SDH may refer to: [[Social Democrats of Croatia]] Subdural hematoma Society for Digital Humanities Synchronous Digital Hierarchy Subtitles for the deaf and hard of hearing, see Subtitle (captioning) The Shubnikov-de Haas effect, also see Fermi surface Saradhna, a railway station in India Category: ... Synchronous Optical Networking, commonly known as SONET, is a standard for communicating digital information over optical fiber. ... The CCITT, an international committee that specifies the way modems and fax machines transmit information to ensure compatibility among modems, has classified dial-up modems according to the following modulation standards: * Bell 103M & 212A: Older standards, Bell 103 transmits at 300 bps at 300 baud and 212A transmits at 1200... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... IEEE photograph of a diagram with the original terms for describing Ethernet drawn by Robert M. Metcalfe around 1976. ...

Layer 2 protocols (Data link layer)

• ARCnet
• CDP Cisco Discovery Protocol
• DCAP Data Link Switching Client Access Protocol
• Econet
• Ethernet
• FDDI Fiber Distributed Data Interface
• Frame Relay
• HDLC High Level Data Link Control
• LocalTalk
• L2F Layer 2 Forwarding Protocol
• L2TP Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol
• LAPD Link Access Procedures on the D channel
• LLDP Link Layer Discovery Protocol
• LLDP-MED Link Layer Discovery Protocol - Media Endpoint Discovery
• PPP Point-to-Point Protocol
• PPTP Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol
• SLIP Serial Line Internet Protocol (obsolete)
• StarLan
• STP Spanning Tree Protocol
• Token ring
• VTP VLAN Trunking Protocol

This article does not cite any references or sources. ... ARCNET (also CamelCased as ARCnet, an acronym from Attached Resource Computer NETwork) is a local area network (LAN) protocol, similar in purpose to Ethernet or Token Ring. ... The Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) is a proprietary network protocol at layer 2 developed by Cisco Systems which runs on most Cisco equipment and is used to share information about other directly connected Cisco equipment such as the operating system version and IP address. ... Econet is an abbreviation of Economy Network. ... Ethernet is a large, diverse family of frame-based computer networking technologies that operate at many speeds for local area networks (LANs). ... In computer networking, fiber-distributed data interface (FDDI) is a standard for data transmission in a local area network that can extend in range up to 200 km (124 miles). ... In the context of computer networking, frame relay consists of an efficient data transmission technique used to send digital information quickly and cheaply in a relay of frames to one or many destinations from one or many end-points. ... High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) is a bit-oriented synchronous data link layer protocol developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). ... LocalTalk is a particular implementation of the physical layer of the AppleTalk networking system from Apple Computer. ... L2F is a virtual private network system, developed by Cisco. ... In computer networking, the Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) is a tunneling protocol used to support virtual private networks (VPNs). ... Link Access Procedures on the D channel (LAPD), specified in ITU-T Q.920 and ITU-T Q.921, is the second layer protocol on the ISDN protocol stack in the D channel. ... The Link Layer Discovery Protocol or LLDP is a vendor-neutral Layer 2 protocol that allows a network device to advertise its identity and capabilities on the local network. ... The Link Layer Discovery Protocol-Media Endpoint Discover or LLDP-MED is an enhancement to the Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) that is designed to allow for things such as: Auto-discovery of LAN policies (such as VLAN, Layer 2 Priority and Diffserv settings) leading to plug and play networking. ... In computing, the Point-to-Point Protocol, or PPP, is commonly used to establish a direct connection between two nodes. ... The Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) is a method for implementing virtual private networks. ... The Serial Line Internet Protocol (SLIP) is a mostly obsolete encapsulation of the Internet Protocol designed to work over serial ports and modem connections. ... StarLAN was the first implementation of Ethernet computer networking on twisted pair wiring. ... The spanning tree network protocol provides a loop free topology for any bridged LAN. The Spanning Tree Protocol, which is also referred to as STP, is defined in the IEEE Standard 802. ... Token-Ring local area network (LAN) technology was developed and promoted by IBM in the early 1980s and standardised as IEEE 802. ... Example without and with VTP VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) is a Cisco Layer 2 messaging protocol that manages the addition, deletion, and renaming of VLANs on a network-wide basis. ...

Layer 2+3 protocols

• ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
• Frame relay, a simplified version of X.25
• MPLS Multi-protocol label switching
• Signalling System 7, also called SS7, C7 and CCIS7; a common PSTN control protocol.
• X.25

Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is a cell relay, packet switching network and data link layer protocol which encodes data traffic into small (53 bytes; 48 bytes of data and 5 bytes of header information) fixed-sized cells. ... In the context of computer networking, frame relay consists of an efficient data transmission technique used to send digital information quickly and cheaply in a relay of frames to one or many destinations from one or many end-points. ... In computer networking and telecommunications, Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) is a data-carrying mechanism, operating at a layer below protocols such as IP. It was designed to provide a unified data-carrying service for both circuit-based clients and packet-switching clients which provide a datagram service model. ... Signalling System #7 (SS7) is a set of telephony signalling protocols which are used to set up the vast majority of the worlds PSTN telephone calls. ... X.25 is an ITU-T standard protocol suite for wide area networks using leased lines, the phone or ISDN system as the networking hardware. ...

Layer 3 protocols (Network layer)

• ARP Address Resolution Protocol
• BGP Border Gateway Protocol
• EGP Exterior Gateway Protocol
• ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol
• IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol
• IPv4 Internet Protocol version 4
• IPv6 Internet Protocol version 6
• IPSec Internet Protocol Security
• IPX Internetwork Packet Exchange
• IS-IS Intermediate system to intermediate system
• MPLS Multiprotocol Label Switching
• OSPF Open Shortest Path First
• RARP Reverse Address Resolution Protocol
• RIP Routing Information Protocol

The network layer is third layer out of seven in OSI model and it is the third layer out of five in TCP/IP model. ... In computer networking, the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is the standard method for finding a hosts hardware address when only its network layer address is known. ... The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is the core routing protocol of the Internet. ... The Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) is a routing protocol for the Internet originally specified in 1982 by Eric C. Rosen of Bolt, Beranek and Newman, and David L. Mills. ... The Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is one of the core protocols of the Internet protocol suite. ... The Internet Group Management Protocol is a communications protocol used to manage the membership of Internet Protocol multicast groups. ... Internet Protocol version 4 is the fourth iteration of the Internet Protocol (IP) and it is the first version of the protocol to be widely deployed. ... Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is a network layer protocol for packet-switched internetworks. ... IPsec (IP security) is a suite of protocols for securing Internet Protocol (IP) communications by authenticating and/or encrypting each IP packet in a data stream. ... See also Ericsson IPX Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) is the OSI-model Network layer protocol in the IPX/SPX protocol stack. ... Is Is is Yeah Yeah Yeahs third EP, to be released on July 24, 2007. ... In computer networking and telecommunications, Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) is a data-carrying mechanism that belongs to the family of packet-switched networks. ... The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol is a hierarchical interior gateway protocol (IGP) for routing in Internet Protocol, using a link-state in the individual areas that make up the hierarchy. ... Reverse address resolution protocol (RARP) is a protocol used to resolve an IP address from a given hardware address (such as an Ethernet address). ... This article is chiefly about the Routing Information Protocol for IPv4 and IPv6. ...

Layer 3+4 protocols

• Xerox Network Services

Xerox network services (XNS) is a protocol stack which provided routing and packet delivery developed by Xerox at Xerox PARC in the later 1970s and early 1980s. ...

Layer 4 protocols (Transport layer)

• IL Originally developed as transport layer for 9P
• SPX Sequenced Packet Exchange
• SCTP Stream Control Transmission Protocol
• TCP Transmission Control Protocol
• UDP User Datagram Protocol
• Sinec H1 for telecontrol

In computing and telecommunications, the transport layer is the second highest layer in the four and five layer TCP/IP reference models, where it responds to service requests from the application layer and issues service requests to the Internet layer. ... Transport layer protocol designed originally as part of the Plan 9 from Bell Labs operating system and used to carry 9P. Its main features are: Reliable datagram service In-sequence delivery Internetworking using IP Low complexity, high performance Adaptive timeouts The original paper describing IL: [1] Categories: Computer stubs ... 9P, or the Plan 9 Filesystem Protocol, is a network protocol developed for the Plan 9 distributed operating system as the means of connecting the components of a Plan 9 system (site). ... SPX can refer to: Sequenced packet exchange S&P 500 index ticker This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... In the field of computer networking, the IETF Signaling Transport (SIGTRAN) working group defined the Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) as a transport layer protocol in 2002. ... The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is one of the core protocols of the Internet protocol suite. ... User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is one of the core protocols of the Internet protocol suite. ... Sinec H1 is an Ethernet-based protocol that provides the transport layer function. ...

Layer 5 protocols (Session layer)

• 9P Distributed file system protocol developed originally as part of Plan 9
• NCP NetWare Core Protocol
• NFS Network File System
• SMB Server Message Block (aka CIFS Common Internet FileSystem)

The session layer is level five of the seven level OSI model. ... 9P, or the Plan 9 Filesystem Protocol, is a network protocol developed for the Plan 9 distributed operating system as the means of connecting the components of a Plan 9 system (site). ... Plan 9 from Bell Labs is a distributed operating system, primarily used as a research vehicle. ... The NetWare Core Protocol (NCP) is a network protocol used in some products from Novell, Inc. ... Network File System (NFS) is a network file system protocol originally developed by Sun Microsystems in 1984, allowing a user on a client computer to access files over a network as easily as if the network devices were attached to its local disks. ... Server Message Block (SMB) is an application-level network protocol mainly applied to shared access to files, printers, serial ports, and miscellaneous communications between nodes on a network. ...

Layer 7 protocols (Application layer)

• AFP Apple Filing Protocol
• BACnet Building Automation and Control Network protocol
• BitTorrent, a peer-to-peer file sharing protocol
• BOOTP Bootstrap Protocol
• DIAMETER, an authentication, authorization and accounting protocol
• DICT Dictionary protocol
• DNS Domain Name Service
• DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
• FTP File Transfer Protocol
• Finger, which gives user profile information
• Gnutella, a peer-to-peer file-swapping protocol
• Gopher, a hierarchical hyperlinkable protocol
• HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol
• IMAP Internet Message Access Protocol
• IRC Internet Relay Chat protocol
• Jabber, an instant-messaging protocol
• LDAP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
• MIME Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
• MSNP Microsoft Notification Protocol (used by Windows Live Messenger)
• NetBIOS File Sharing and Name Resolution protocol - the basis of file sharing with Windows.
• NNTP News Network Transfer Protocol
• NTP Network Time Protocol
• NTCIP National Transportation Communications for Intelligent Transportation System Protocol
• POP3 Post Office Protocol Version 3
• RADIUS, an authentication, authorization and accounting protocol
• Rlogin, a UNIX remote login protocol
• rsync, a file transfer protocol for backups, copying and mirroring
• RTP Real-time Transport Protocol
• RTSP Real-time Transport Streaming Protocol
• SSH Secure Shell
• SIP, Session Initiation Protocol, a signaling protocol
• SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
• SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
• SOAP Simple Object Access Protocol
• Telnet, a remote terminal access protocol
• TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol, a simple file transfer protocol
• WebDAV Web Distributed Authoring and Versioning

and secure versions of the above (HTTPS, etc.) The application layer is the seventh level of the seven-layer OSI model. ... The Apple Filing Protocol (AFP) is a layer 6 (presentation layer) network protocol that offers file services for Mac OS X and Classic Mac OS. In Mac OS X, AFP is one of several file services supported including Server Message Block (SMB), Network File System (NFS), File Transfer Protocol (FTP... BACnet is a Data Communications Protocol for Building Automation and Control Networks. ... This article is about the protocol. ... In computing, BOOTP, short for Bootstrap Protocol, is a UDP network protocol used by a network client to obtain its IP address automatically. ... DIAMETER is a computer networking protocol for AAA (Authentication, Authorization and Accounting). ... DICT is a dictionary network protocol created by the DICT Development Group. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles. ... (DHCP) is a set of rules used by a communications device such as a computer, router or network adapter to allow the device to request and obtain an IP address from a server which has a list of addresses available for assignment. ... This article is about the File Transfer Protocol standardised by the IETF. For other file transfer protocols, see File transfer protocol (disambiguation). ... In computer networking, the Name/Finger protocol and the Finger user information protocol are simple network protocols for the exchange of human-oriented status and user information. ... Gnutella (pronounced: with a silent g, or alternatively ) is a file sharing network. ... Gopher is a distributed document search and retrieval network protocol designed for the Internet. ... HTTP (for HyperText Transfer Protocol) is the primary method used to convey information on the World Wide Web. ... The Internet Message Access Protocol (commonly known as IMAP or IMAP4, and previously called Internet Mail Access Protocol, Interactive Mail Access Protocol (RFC 1064), and Interim Mail Access Protocol[1]) is an application layer Internet protocol operating on port 143 that allows a local client to access e-mail on... “IRC” redirects here. ... Official logo of the Jabber Software Foundation Jabber is a collection of open, real-time communication technologies built on the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP). ... The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol, or LDAP (IPA: ), is an application protocol for querying and modifying directory services running over TCP/IP.[1] A directory is a set of objects with similar attributes organized in a logical and hierarchical manner. ... Look up mime in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Microsoft Notification Protocol (MSNP, which is not an acronym for Microsoft Network Protocol or Mobile Status Notification Protocol, as is often believed) is the protocol developed by Microsoft for use by the . ... NetBEUI redirects here. ... The Network News Transfer Protocol or NNTP is an Internet application protocol used primarily for reading and posting Usenet articles, as well as transferring news among news servers. ... The Network Time Protocol (NTP) is a protocol for synchronizing the clocks of computer systems over packet-switched, variable-latency data networks. ... The National Transportation Communications for Intelligent Transportation System Protocol (NTCIP) is a family of standards designed to achieve interoperability and interchangeability between electronic traffic control equipment from different manufacturers. ... In computing, local e-mail clients use the Post Office Protocol version 3 (POP3), an application-layer Internet standard protocol, to retrieve e-mail from a remote server over a TCP/IP connection. ... Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS) is an AAA (authentication, authorization and accounting) protocol for applications such as network access or IP mobility. ... In computing, rlogin is a Unix software utility that allows users to log in on another host via a network, communicating via TCP port 513. ... In computing, rsync is a computer program for Unix systems which synchronizes files and directories from one location to another while minimizing data transfer using delta encoding when appropriate. ... The Real-time Transport Protocol (or RTP) defines a standardized packet format for delivering audio and video over the Internet. ... RTSP is the Real Time Streaming Protocol developed by the IETF and published in 1998 as RFC 2326. ... Secure Shell or SSH is a network protocol that allows data to be exchanged over a secure channel between two computers. ... The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is an application-layer control (signaling) protocol for creating, modifying, and terminating sessions with one or more participants. ... Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is the de facto standard for e-mail transmissions across the Internet. ... The simple network management protocol (SNMP) forms part of the internet protocol suite as defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). ... This article is about a computer protocol. ... For the packet switched network, see Telenet. ... Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) is a very simple file transfer protocol, with the functionality of a very basic form of FTP; it was first defined in 1980. ... WebDAV was a working group of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). ... https is a URI scheme used to indicate a secure HTTP connection. ...

Protocol description languages

• Abstract syntax notation one (ASN.1)

In telecommunications and computer networking, Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) is a standard and flexible notation that describes data structures for representing, encoding, transmitting, and decoding data. ...

Other protocols

• Controller Area Network (CAN)
• Digital Command Control (DCC)
• DSA Distributed Systems Architecture (Honeywell Bull)
• FIX protocol
• Gateway Discovery Protocol GDP is a Cisco protocol similar to IRDP
• ICMP Router Discovery Protocol Implementation of RFC 1256
• I²C
• List of automation protocols
• modbus
• SNA Systems Network Architecture (IBM)
• SOCKS
• STUN

Controller Area Network (CAN) is a broadcast, differential serial bus standard, originally developed in the 1980s by Robert Bosch GmbH, for connecting electronic control units (ECUs). ... A Digitrax DCC system Digital Command Control (DCC) is a scheme for controlling locomotives on a model railroad layout that allows one or more locomotives to be independently controlled on the same electrical section of track. ... The Financial Information eXchange (FIX) protocol is an electronic communications protocol developed for international real-time exchange of securities transactions in the finance markets. ... ICMP Internet Router Discovery Protocol (IRDP) uses Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) router advertisements and router solicitation messages to allow a host to discover the addresses of operational routers on the subnet. ... I²C is a multi-master serial computer bus invented by Philips that is used to attach low-speed peripherals to a motherboard, embedded system, or cellphone. ... Communication network protocols used for Building, Industrial and machine automation applications. ... Modbus is a serial communications protocol published by Modicon in 1979 for use with its programmable logic controllers (PLCs). ... Systems Network Architecture (SNA) is IBMs proprietary networking architecture created in 1974. ... SOCKS is an Internet protocol that allows client-server applications to transparently use the services of a network firewall. ... This article is about the Internet protocol. ...

External links

• Protocol Encapsulation Chart - A PDF file illustrating the relationship between common protocols and the OSI Reference Model.
• List of protocols – A very expansive list of protocols with examinations on many different types of protocols.