Little Women is a novel published in 1868 and written by American author Louisa May Alcott. The story concerns the lives and loves of four sisters growing up during the American Civil War. It was based on Alcott's own experiences as a child in Germantown, Pennsylvania with her three sisters, Anna, May, and Elizabeth. Louisa May Alcott (November 29, 1832 – March 6, 1888) was an American novelist. ... In political geography and international politics, a country is a political division of a geographical entity, a sovereign territory, most commonly associated with the notions of state or nation and government. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... A family in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso in 1997 A family consists of a domestic group of people (or a number of domestic groups), typically affiliated by birth or marriage, or by analogous or comparable relationships — including domestic partnership, cohabitation, adoption, surname and (in some cases) ownership (as occurred in the... This does not cite any references or sources. ... The word comedy has a classical meaning (comical theatre) and a popular one (the use of humor with an intent to provoke laughter in general). ... Coming of age is a young persons transition from adolescence to adulthood. ... A publisher is a person or entity which engages in the act of publishing. ... Louisa May Alcott (November 29, 1832 – March 6, 1888) was an American novelist. ... Year 1868 (MDCCCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require cleanup. ... ISBN-13 represented as EAN-13 bar code (in this case ISBN 978-3-16-148410-0) The International Standard Book Number, ISBN, is a unique[1] commercial book identifier barcode. ... {{infobox Book | | name = Little Men | title_orig = | translator = | image = | image_caption = | author = Louisa May Alcott | illustrator = | cover_artist = | country = | language = | series = | genre = | publisher = | release_date = 1871 | english_release_date = | media_type = | pages = | isbn = | preceded_by = Little Women | followed_by = Jos Boys }} Little Men (published 1871) is considered the second book of the Little Women trilogy written by Louisa... A novel (from French nouvelle Italian novella, new) is an extended, generally fictional narrative, typically in prose. ... Year 1868 (MDCCCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Louisa May Alcott (November 29, 1832 – March 6, 1888) was an American novelist. ... Combatants United States of America (Union) Confederate States of America (Confederacy) Commanders Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee Strength 2,200,000 1,064,000 Casualties 110,000 killed in action, 360,000 total dead, 275,200 wounded 93,000 killed in action, 258,000 total...

History, release and sequels

Alcott wrote Little Women during 1867 and early 1868, and wrote furiously for two and a half months on the novel, heavily based upon her time and various experiences growing up as a young woman with three other sisters in Germantown, Pennsylvania.^[1] The novel was first published on September 30, 1868, was an instant success and sold more than 2,000 copies immediately, and critics were already labeling it with classic status. Some readers demanded a second volume, sending letters to Alcott asking for a sequel. Cunt BAg Twat Fuk suck my penis ring 0778851865!!!!!!Year 1867 (MDCCCLXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Year 1868 (MDCCCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Germantown is the name of five places in the State of Pennsylvania and a neighborhood in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Germantown, Adams County, Pennsylvania Germantown, Cambria County, Pennsylvania Germantown, Columbia County, Pennsylvania Germantown, Franklin County, Pennsylvania Germantown, Pike County, Pennsylvania See also: Germantown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania This is a disambiguation page — a... is the 273rd day of the year (274th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1868 (MDCCCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

After much demand, Louisa May Alcott wrote a second part, which was published in 1869. Both parts were called Little Women, or, Meg, Jo, Beth and Amy. The second part picks up three years after the events in the last chapter of the first part Little Women ("Aunt March Settles The Question"). In 1880, the two parts were combined into one volume, and have been published as such in the United States ever since. In the UK, the second part was published under the title Good Wives, though Alcott had no part in the decision and would have disapproved of such a moralizing title. 1869 (MDCCCLXIX) is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ...

Alcott later wrote Little Men and Jo's Boys (which followed the lives of the girls' children), and An Old Fashioned Girl and Rose in Bloom. {{infobox Book | | name = Little Men | title_orig = | translator = | image = | image_caption = | author = Louisa May Alcott | illustrator = | cover_artist = | country = | language = | series = | genre = | publisher = | release_date = 1871 | english_release_date = | media_type = | pages = | isbn = | preceded_by = Little Women | followed_by = Jos Boys }} Little Men (published 1871) is considered the second book of the Little Women trilogy written by Louisa... Jos Boys is the third book in the Little Women trilogy by Louisa May Alcott, published in 1886. ...

Plot introduction

Alcott's original work explores the overcoming of character flaws (many of the chapter titles in this first part are allusions to the allegorical concepts and places in Pilgrim's Progress). The girls' "guidebooks", as they are called, are not specifically labeled--a Bible and Pilgrim's Progress are the candidates for it, though. Each of the March girls displays a major character flaw: Meg, vanity; Jo, a hot temper; Beth, shyness; and Amy, selfishness. They overcome their flaws through lessons learned the hard way. Most of the flaws are in check for a time after lessons are learned, but even as young women the girls must work out these flaws in order to become mothers, wives, sisters, and citizens. The Pilgrims Progress from This World to That Which Is to Come by John Bunyan (published 1678) is an allegorical novel. ... This Gutenberg Bible is displayed by the United States Library. ...

In the course of the novel, the girls become friends with their next-door neighbor, the teenage boy Laurie, who becomes a "special" friend of Jo's. As well as the more serious and sadder themes outlined above, the book describes the activities of the sisters and their friend, such as creating a newspaper and picnicking, and the various scrapes that Jo and Laurie get into. The story represents family relationships and explores family life thoroughly.

Characters

• Josephine "Jo" March: The protagonist of the novel. Jo is a tomboy and the second-oldest sister. She is very outspoken and has a passion for writing. Her bold nature often gets her into trouble. She is especially close to her younger sister Beth, who helps her become a gentler person. Jo cuts off her long hair - "her one beauty," as Amy calls it - and sells it to a wig shop to get money for her mother to visit their father, a wounded Civil War chaplain. She refuses the proposal of marriage from family friend Laurie (despite many letters sent to Alcott to have them married), and later marries Professor Fritz Bhaer. They have two sons, Rob, named after his grandfather, and Teddy, named after Laurie. The character of Jo is based on Louisa herself.

• Margaret "Meg" March: The eldest sister. She is very pretty and somewhat vain about her looks, with smooth hair and small, white hands. She is the most responsible and helps run the household in her mother's absence. Meg also guards Amy from Jo when they have fights, just like Jo protects Beth. Due to the family's poverty she must work as a governess for wealthy friends. After having bad experiences with some rich people, Meg learns to tolerate being poor, and eventually discovers that true worth does not lie with money. She falls in love with Mr. John Brooke, Laurie's poor tutor. She eventually marries Mr. Brooke and bears twin children, Margaret "Daisy" and John, Jr. "Demi" (short for Demi-John), and a third child, Josephine (called "Josie"), who is mentioned in Little Men.

• Elizabeth "Beth" March: The second-youngest sister, is a quiet, kind young woman who is an exceptional pianist. She also enjoys looking after her dolls and cats. She is docile and shy almost to a fault. Beth also is engaged with charity. While her mother is nursing their father, she contracts scarlet fever from a poor family. She survives the illness but is weakened greatly, and eventually dies. She is described as having a round face, shiny brown hair and appearing younger than her years. She is especially close to Jo, despite their very different personalities.

• Amy March: The youngest sister and a talented artist, Amy is described as a beautiful young girl with golden hair (in curls) and blue eyes (she is described as having the general traits of a "snow maiden"). She cares about her family, but is also "cool, reserved and worldly", showing more compassion when she became a wife. In her youth she is slightly spoiled and is inclined to throw tantrums when things do not go her way, being often "petted" since she was the youngest. Her relationship with Jo in particular is often strained. She eventually travels abroad thanks to her Aunt Carrol (who originally wanted Jo to accompany her, but changes her mind, considering Jo's un-ladylike behaviour), and finally marries Laurie.

• Margaret "Marmee" March: The girls' mother and head of household while her husband is away. She engages in charitable works and attempts to guide her girls' morals and shape their characters.

• Robert March: Formerly wealthy, it is implied that he helped unscrupulous friends who did not repay the debt, resulting in the family's poverty. A great scholar and a minister, he serves as a chaplain for the Union Army.

• Hannah Mullet: The maid of the March family, an older woman, who (from a letter written in the first person in the text) is described as kind and loyal, if lacking in formal education.

• Aunt Cecilia March: A rich widow. She lives alone in her mansion and Jo is employed to wait on her each day. Actually Mr. March's aunt, she disapproves of his family's charitable work and loss of wealth, while throwing her weight around with hers. Amy is sent to be Aunt March's "companion" when Beth is ill; though at first she is dismayed, her tenure there does the spoiled little girl good.

• Uncle and Aunt Carrol: Sister and brother-in-law of Mr. March. Amy travels to Europe with them and their daughter Florence.

• Theodore "Laurie" Laurence: A charming, playful, and rich young man who lives next door to the March family with his overprotective grandfather. He is often misunderstood by his loving grandfather, who worries that Laurie will follow in his father's footsteps. His father was a free-spirited young man who eloped with an Italian pianist and was disowned for that, only to die young of illness. Laurie's grandmother and aunt died, his aunt at a very young age. Laurie is the only one of their little family who survives, and then he's sent to live with Mr. Laurence. After Jo refuses to marry Laurie he flees to Europe for vacation. While there, he falls in love with and marries Amy.

• Mr. Laurence: A wealthy neighbor to the Marches. Lonely in his mansion, and often at odds with his high-spirited grandson, Laurie, he finds comfort in becoming a benefactor to the Marches. He admires their charity, and develops a special friendship with Beth, who reminds him of his dead granddaughter (Laurie's deceased sister).

• John Brooke: Tutor to Laurie, a naturalized citizen (he is English). He falls in love with Meg; she initially rejects him until Aunt March prohibits the match, at which point she realizes she is in love as well. He serves in the Union Army after late 1861, and marries Meg after the war.

• The Hummels: Very poor German immigrant family. Marmee and the girls, though poor themselves, try to help them. Their baby dies of scarlet fever and Beth contracts it while caring for the child.

• The Kings: Family who employ Meg as a governess.

• The Gardiners: Wealthy friends of Meg's. Before the Marches lost their wealth, the two families were societal equals. The Gardiners are portrayed as good-hearted but vapid, and believing in marriage for money and position. Meg's friend Sallie Gardiner eventually marries Ned Moffat, but is unhappy in her marriage.

• Mrs. Kirke: A friend of Marmee's who runs a boarding house in New York. She employs Jo as governess to her two girls, Kitty and Minnie, for a time.

• Professor Friedrich "Fritz" Bhaer: A poor German immigrant who used to be a well-known professor in Berlin but now lives in Mrs. Kirke's boarding house and tutors her children. He and Jo become friends and he critiques Jo's work, encouraging her to become a serious writer instead of writing "sensation" stories for weekly tabloids. The two eventually marry.

• Franz and Emil: Mr. Bhaer's two nephews whom he looks after following the death of his sister.

• Tina: The small daughter of Mrs. Kirke's French washerwoman: she is a favorite of Professor Bhaer's.

• Miss Norton: A worldly tenant living in Mrs. Kirke's boarding house. She occasionally takes Jo under her wing and entertains her.

A protagonist is the main figure of a piece of literature or drama and has the main part or role. ... A novel (from French nouvelle Italian novella, new) is an extended, generally fictional narrative, typically in prose. ... A tomboy is typically described as a girl who behaves according to the gender role of a boy, though the term is also applied to women. ... Illustration of a scribe writing Writing, in its most common sense, is the preservation of and the preserved text on a medium, with the use of signs or symbols. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Combatants United States of America (Union) Confederate States of America (Confederacy) Commanders Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee Strength 2,200,000 1,064,000 Casualties 110,000 killed in action, 360,000 total dead, 275,200 wounded 93,000 killed in action, 258,000 total... A chaplain in the 45th Infantry Division leads a religious service in an unknown location during World War II. US Navy Chaplain Kenneth Medve conducts Catholic Mass onboard the Ronald Reagan (2006) A chaplain is typically a priest, ordained deacon or other member of the clergy serving a group of... “Spouse” redirects here. ... A governess is a female employee from outside of the family who teaches children within the family circle. ... In British, Canadian, Australian, and New Zealand universities, a tutor is often but not always a postgraduate student or a lecturer assigned to conduct a seminar for undergraduate students, often known as a tutorial. ... {{infobox Book | | name = Little Men | title_orig = | translator = | image = | image_caption = | author = Louisa May Alcott | illustrator = | cover_artist = | country = | language = | series = | genre = | publisher = | release_date = 1871 | english_release_date = | media_type = | pages = | isbn = | preceded_by = Little Women | followed_by = Jos Boys }} Little Men (published 1871) is considered the second book of the Little Women trilogy written by Louisa... A pianist is a person who plays the piano. ... The definition of an artist is wide-ranging and covers a broad spectrum of activities to do with creating art, practising the arts and/or demonstrating an art. ... The 21st Michigan Infantry, a company of Shermans veterans. ... A widow is a woman whose spouse has died. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Look up rich in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... World map showing the location of Europe. ... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem No official anthem - the United Kingdom anthem God Save the Queen is commonly used England() – on the European continent() – in the United Kingdom() Capital (and largest city) London (de facto) Official languages English (de facto)1 Government Constitutional monarchy  -  Monarch Queen Elizabeth II... Immigration is the act of moving to or settling in another country or region, temporarily or permanently. ... This article is about the capital of Germany. ...

Notable adaptations

Play

Little Women, a play in four acts, adapted by Marian De Forest from the story by Louisa May Alcott, opened on Broadway at the Playhouse Theatre, on October 14, 1912. The production was directed by Jessie Bonstelle and Bertram Harrison. The cast included Marie Pavey, Alice Brady, Gladys Hulette and Beverly West. It ran for 184 performances. The Lion King at the New Amsterdam Theatre, 2003 Broadway theatre[1] is the most prestigious form of professional theatre in the U.S., as well as the most well known to the general public and most lucrative for the performers, technicians and others involved in putting on the shows. ... The Playhouse, with hoarding for 2006 production of My Name Is Rachel Corrie The Playhouse Theatre is a West End theatre in the City of Westminster, located in Northumberland Avenue, near Trafalgar Square and very close to the river Thames. ... is the 287th day of the year (288th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Alice Brady Alice Brady (November 2, 1892 - October 28, 1939) was an Academy Award-winning American actress in the silent film era of the late 1910s and 1920s through the 1930s, during the Great Depression. ... Gladys Hulette (July 21, 1896-August 8, 1991) was a silent film actress from Arcade, New York. ...

The play was revived on 18 December 1916 at the Park Theatre for 24 performances. is the 352nd day of the year (353rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... Park Theatre or Park Theater may refer to: Park Theatre (Manhattan), opened 1798, destroyed 1848 Park Theatre (Brooklyn) Park Theatre (Estes Park) in Colorado This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ...

Another revival opened on 7 December 1931 at the Playhouse Theatre in New York City in a production directed by William A. Brady, Jr. with Jessie Royce Landis as Jo, Lee Patrick as Meg, Marie Curtis, and Jane Corcoran. It ran for 17 performances. is the 341st day of the year (342nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1931 (MCMXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ... Jessie Royce Landis (25 November 1904 - 2 February 1972) was an American actress. ... Lee Patrick (November 22, 1901 – November 21, 1982) was an American theater and film actress. ...

In 1995 the play adaptation "Louisa's Little Women" by Beth Lynch and Scott Lynch-Giddings premiered in a production by the Wisdom Bridge Theatre Company at the Harold Washington Library Center in Chicago. The play covers the events of Part One of Alcott's novel, interspersed with scenes depicting complementary aspects of her own life, including the influence of her father Bronson Alcott and her acquaintance with Henry David Thoreau, Julia Ward Howe, and Frank Leslie. The Chicago Public Library consists of 79 branches throughout the city of Chicago, Illinois, USA. History Harold Washington Library in downtown Chicago. ... Nickname: Motto: Urbs in Horto (Latin: City in a Garden), I Will Location in the Chicago metro area and Illinois Coordinates: , Country United States State Illinois Counties Cook, DuPage Settled 1770s Incorporated March 4, 1837 Government  - Mayor Richard M. Daley (D) Area  - City  234. ... Amos Bronson Alcott (November 29, 1799–March 4, 1888) was an American teacher and writer. ... Henry David Thoreau (July 12, 1817 – May 6, 1862; born David Henry Thoreau[1]) was an American author, naturalist, transcendentalist, tax resister, development critic, and philosopher who is best known for Walden, a reflection upon simple living in natural surroundings, and his essay, Civil Disobedience, an argument for individual resistance... Julia Ward Howe Julia Ward Howe (May 27, 1819 – October 17, 1910) was a prominent American abolitionist, social activist, and poet. ... Frank Leslie (1821-1880) was an American engraver, illustrator, and publisher of family periodicals. ...

Literature

In 2005, Geraldine Brooks published March, a novel exploring the gaps in Little Women, telling the story of Mr. March during the Civil War. It won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction. Geraldine Brooks is an Australian author, who grew up in the Western suburbs of Sydney. ... March is a novel by Geraldine Brooks. ... The Pulitzer Prize for Fiction has been awarded since 1948 for distinguished fiction by an American author, preferably dealing with American life. ...

Film

The main cast of the Academy Award-nominated 1994 version

• 1933 version: Katharine Hepburn as Jo, Spring Byington as Marmee.
• 1949 version: Elizabeth Taylor as Amy, June Allyson as Jo, Janet Leigh as Meg, Margaret O'Brien as Beth, Mary Astor as Marmee, and Peter Lawford as Laurie.
• 1978 version: Meredith Baxter as Meg, Susan Dey as Jo, Eve Plumb as Beth, William Shatner as Friedrich Bhaer, Greer Garson as Aunt March, and Robert Young as Grandpa James Lawrence.
• 1994 version: Susan Sarandon as Marmee, Winona Ryder as Jo, Kirsten Dunst as the younger Amy, Claire Danes as Beth, Christian Bale as Laurie and Samantha Mathis as the older Amy.

Additional versions appeared in 1917, 1918, 1946, 1948, 1950, 1958, 1970, 1979, and 2001 [1]. Image File history File links Little_women_1994_lg_01. ... Image File history File links Little_women_1994_lg_01. ... Little Women (1933) directed by George Cukor is based upon Louisa May Alcotts novel of the same name. ... Katharine Houghton Hepburn (May 12, 1907 – June 29, 2003) was an iconic American star of film, television and stage, widely recognized for her sharp wit, New England gentility and fierce independence. ... Spring Byington (October 17, 1886 – September 7, 1971) was an Oscar-nominated American actress. ... Little Women (1949) directed by Mervyn LeRoy is based on Louisa May Alcotts novel of the same name. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... June Allyson (October 7, 1917 – July 8, 2006) was an American film and television actress, popular in the 1940s and 1950s. ... Janet Leigh (July 6, 1927 – October 3, 2004), born Jeanette Helen Morrison, was an American actress. ... Margaret OBrien during her career as a child star. ... Mary Astor (May 3, 1906 – September 25, 1987) was an Academy Award-winning American actress. ... The Rat Pack. ... Little Women (1978) was a television movie directed by David Lowell Rich is based upon Louisa May Alcotts novel of the same name. ... Meredith Baxter (born June 21, 1947 in South Pasadena, California) is an American actress. ... Susan Hallock Dey (born December 10, 1952 in Pekin, Illinois) is an American actress. ... Not to be confused with Eves Plum, the rock group. ... William Alan Shatner (born on March 22, 1931) is a Canadian actor who gained fame for playing James Tiberius Kirk of the USS Enterprise in the television show Star Trek from 1966 to 1969 and in seven of the subsequent movies. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Robert Young (February 22, 1907 - July 21, 1998) was a popular American actor, who was the son of an Irish immigrant father and an American-born mother. ... Little Women is the 1994 film version of the classic Louisa May Alcott novel, Little Women adapted by Robin Swicord and directed by Gillian Armstrong. ... Susan Sarandon (born October 4, 1946) is an Academy Award-winning American actress. ... Winona Ryder (born October 29, 1971) is a two-time Academy Award-nominated and Golden Globe-winning American actress. ... Kirsten[1] Caroline Dunst (born April 30, 1982) is an American actress, known for her roles in Interview with the Vampire (for which she received a Golden Globe nomination), The Virgin Suicides, Marie Antoinette, and Bring It On, as well as for her portrayal of Mary Jane Watson in the... Claire Catherine Danes (born on April 12, 1979) is a Golden Globe Award-winning and Emmy Award-nominated American film, television, and theater actress. ... Christian Charles Philip Bale (also known professionally as Christian Morgan Bale; born 30 January 1974) is a Welsh-born English[2][3] method actor who is known for his roles in the films American Psycho, Shaft, Equilibrium, The Machinist, Batman Begins and The Prestige, among others. ... Samantha Mathis (born May 12, 1970) is an American actress. ...

Opera and musical

• In 1998 the book was adapted as an opera by composer Mark Adamo.

• On January 23, 2005, a Broadway musical adaptation of the same name opened at the Virginia Theatre in New York City with a book by Allan Knee, music by Jason Howland, and lyrics by Mindi Dickstein. The musical starred Sutton Foster as Jo March and pop singer Maureen McGovern as Marmee. The mixed-reviewed production ran through June 2005, garnering a Tony nomination for Sutton. While it had a disappointingly short life in New York, it had a very successful first national tour; Again starring Maureen McGovern, the tour began August 30 of that year, touring to 30 cities over 49 weeks. A second national tour is being planned for the 2007-2008 season.

Year 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar). ... Little Women (1998) is the first opera composed by American composer Mark Adamo to his own libretto after Louisa May Alcotts tale of growing up in New England after the American Civil War. ... Mark Adamo (1962-) is an American composer and librettist who was born in Philadelphia. ... is the 23rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Lion King at the New Amsterdam Theatre, 2003 Broadway theatre[1] is the most prestigious form of professional theatre in the U.S., as well as the most well known to the general public and most lucrative for the performers, technicians and others involved in putting on the shows. ... Little Women is a musical with a book by Allan Knee, lyrics by Mindi Dickstein, and music by Jason Howland. ... Address: 245 W. 52nd St. ... New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ... This page may meet Wikipedia’s criteria for speedy deletion. ... Sutton Foster (b. ... A former secretary, Maureen McGovern quickly became the new it singer in 1973 with the Oscar-winning Morning After. ...

Anime

In 1987, the Japanese animation studio Nippon Animation did an anime adaptation titled Ai no Wakakusa Monogatari (The Story of Love's Young Grass). The series was part of the studio's World Masterpiece Theatre series of animated adaptations of classic Western literary works. The series was directed by Fumio Kurokawa with character designs by Yoshifumi Kondo. Saban Entertainment produced an English dubbed version (Tales of Little Women) which aired on HBO in the United States in 1988-89, and the series has also achieved immense popularity in Europe (Una per tutte, tutte per una in Italy, Les quatre filles du Docteur March in France, Mujercitas in Spain and Eine fröhliche Familie in Germany). Year 1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar). ... Nippon Animation (日本アニメーション) is a Japanese animation studio. ... The main cast of the anime Cowboy Bebop (1998) (L to R: Spike Spiegel, Jet Black, Ed Tivrusky, Faye Valentine, and Ein the dog) For the oleo-resin, see Animé (oleo-resin). ... Japanese poster cover Little Women ) is a 1987 Japanese anime series produced by Nippon Animation, based upon Louisa May Alcotts classic novel Little Women, which premiered across Japan on Fuji Television as part of Nippon Animations World Masterpiece Theater staple, which adapted classic works of Western literature into... Leonardo da Vincis Vitruvian Man, for many a symbol of the changes of the Western culture during the Renaissance Western culture or Western civilization is a term used to generally refer to most of the cultures of European origin and most of their descendants. ... Yoshifumi Kondou (March 31, 1950) was a Japanese animator that worked for Studio Ghibli in his last years. ... Saban Entertainment was an independent television production company formed in 1983 by music and television producers Haim Saban and Shuki Levy as Saban Records, a U.S. subsidiary of Saban International Paris (now SIP Animation) who provided music soundtracks to shows made by other companies (most notably DIC). ... HBO (Home Box Office) is the premium television programming subsidiary of Time Warner. ... World map showing the location of Europe. ...

This series changed the name of the town in which the series takes place from "Concord" to "Newcord", and also added episodes depicting scenes not from the novel at the beginning as a way of introducing the characters and educating the Japanese audience about the American Civil War, but is otherwise a faithful and highly regarded adaptation. Nippon Animation also produced an anime adaptation of Jo's Boys in 1993 for the World Masterpiece Theatre, titled Wakakusa monogatari: Nan to Jo-sensei (The Story of Young Grass: Nan and Mrs. Jo) and directed by Kozo Kusuba. Combatants United States of America (Union) Confederate States of America (Confederacy) Commanders Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee Strength 2,200,000 1,064,000 Casualties 110,000 killed in action, 360,000 total dead, 275,200 wounded 93,000 killed in action, 258,000 total... Nippon Animation (日本アニメーション) is a Japanese animation studio. ... Year 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar). ...

Two other anime adaptations of Little Women were made in the early 1980s: a 1980 TV special produced by Toei Animation and directed by Yugo Serikawa, and Wakakusa Monogatari yori: Wakakusa no Yon Shimai (From the Story of Young Grass: Four Sisters of Young Grass), a 1981 Toei Animation/Kokusai Eigasha TV series directed by Kazuya Miyazaki and from the same animation team. The 1981 TV series was also released in the United States on video, courtesy of Sony. Still, Nippon Animation's 1987 version is the most successful and also widely regarded as the best of all anime adaptations of the story. As an interesting aside, seiyuu Keiko Han was cast in both the 1981 (as Beth) and 1987 (as Meg) TV series. Year 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar). ... Toei Animation Company, Limited ) (JASDAQ: 4816) is a Japanese animation studio owned by the Toei Company. ... Year 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 Gregorian calendar). ... Toei Animation Company, Limited ) (JASDAQ: 4816) is a Japanese animation studio owned by the Toei Company. ... For the article about the company named Seiyu, see Seiyu Group. ... Keiko Han (潘 恵子 Han Keiko) is a seiyu who was born on April 5, 1953. ...

A nod to the characters can be seen in the English release of the Nintendo 64 game, The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time. In the Forest Temple, the player must solve four puzzles hosted by ghosts by the names of Amy, Beth, Joelle and Meg in order to progress through the game. The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time was a video game released in 1998, and the first Zelda game for the Nintendo 64. ...

See also

• Orchard House, where Alcott lived while writing Little Women

Orchard House. ...

References

1. ^ http://xroads.virginia.edu/~hyper/ALCOTT/aboutla.html

External links

Wikisource has original text related to this article:

Little Women

• IMDb
• Lesson plans for Little Women at Web English Teacher
• Book review of Little Women