Llanfairpwllgwyngyll Ynys Môn

Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch (58 Letters long) is a village on the island of Anglesey in Wales, situated on the Menai Strait close to Menai Bridge and Bangor. It is best known for having the longest officially recognised place name in the United Kingdom, and one of the longest in the world. It is signposted on surrounding roads as Llanfairpwllgwyngyll, marked on Ordnance Survey maps as Llanfair Pwllgwyngyll and generally known as Llanfairpwll or Llanfair locally. The name is also seen shortened to Llanfair PG, which is sufficient to distinguish it from the many other Welsh villages with Llanfair in their names. Other variant forms use the full name but with "tysilio" mutated to "dysilio", and/or with a hyphen between "drobwll" and "llan". In Welsh, the initial "Ll" may be mutated to a single "L" in some contexts. one of the subdivisions of Wales File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Anglesey (Welsh: Ynys Môn, pronounced (IPA), roughly unniss mawn), is an island and county at the northwestern extremity of north Wales. ... For an explanation of often confusing terms such as Great Britain, Britain, United Kingdom, England and Wales and England, see British Isles (terminology). ... The Menai Strait (in Welsh Afon Menai, the River Menai) is a narrow stretch of shallow tidal water about 14 miles (23 km) long, which separates the island of Anglesey from the mainland of Wales. ... Menai Bridge (Welsh: Porthaethwy) is a town on Anglesey, Wales. ... Bangor, in north Wales, UK, is one of the smallest cities in the United Kingdom. ... There are endless debates over what is the longest word in the English language, demonstrating that the idea of what constitutes a word is not as straightforward as it seems. ... The morphology of the Welsh language shows many characteristics perhaps unfamiliar to speakers of English or continental European languages like French or German, but has much in common with the other modern Insular Celtic languages, Irish, Scottish Gaelic, Manx, Cornish, and Breton. ... Welsh redirects here, and this article describes the Welsh language. ...

The Marquess of Anglesey's Column

The village is a popular tourist destination. People stop at the railway station to be photographed next to the station sign, visit the nearby Visitors' Centre, or have 'passports' stamped at a local shop. Another tourist attraction is the nearby Marquess of Anglesey's Column (see left), which at a height of 27 m offers views over Anglesey and the Menai Strait. Designed by Thomas Harrison, the monument celebrates the heroism of Henry Paget, 1st Marquess of Anglesey at the Battle of Waterloo. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (960x1280, 264 KB) Summary The Marquess of Angleseys Column, Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch, Anglesey. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (960x1280, 264 KB) Summary The Marquess of Angleseys Column, Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch, Anglesey. ... Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch railway station is a station on the mainline route from London Euston station to Holyhead on Anglesey. ... Thomas Harrison (1740-1829) was an English provincial architect and civil engineer of the late 18th and early 19th centuries. ... Henry William Paget, 1st Marquess of Anglesey (17 May 1768–29 April 1854) was a British military leader and politician, now chiefly remembered for leading the charge of the heavy cavalry against dErlons column during the Battle of Waterloo. ... Combatants France Anglo-Allied/Prussian/ Dutch Commanders Napoléon Bonaparte (Ney in control of battle) Duke of Wellington Gebhard von Blücher Strength 72,000 67,000 Anglo-Dutch 60,000 Prussian (48,000 engaged by about 18:00) Casualties 25,000 22,000 Map of the Waterloo campaign The...

The first ever meeting of the Women's Institute took place in Llanfairpwll in 1915 and the movement (which began in Canada) then spread through the rest of the British Isles. The Womens Institute (WI) is a membership organisation for women in England and Wales. ...

History

A settlement has existed on the site of the village since the Neolithic era, with subsistence agriculture and fishing the most common occupations for much of the village's early history. The island of Anglesey was at that point only reachable by boat across the Menai Strait. The area was briefly invaded and captured by the Romans under Gaius Suetonius Paulinus, but quickly abandoned in order to consolidate forces against Boadicea. An array of Neolithic artefacts, including bracelets, axe heads, chisels, and polishing tools Excavated dwellings at Skara Brae Scotland. ... Subsistence agriculture is agriculture carried out for survival — with few or no crops available for sale. ... Fishing is the activity of hunting for fish. ... Anglesey (Welsh: Ynys Môn, pronounced (IPA), roughly unniss mawn), is an island and county at the northwestern extremity of north Wales. ... The Menai Strait (in Welsh Afon Menai, the River Menai) is a narrow stretch of shallow tidal water about 14 miles (23 km) long, which separates the island of Anglesey from the mainland of Wales. ... Principal sites in Roman Britain Roman Britain refers to those parts of the island of Great Britain controlled by the Roman Empire between 43 and 410. ... Gaius Suetonius Paulinus, also spelled Paullinus, (flourished 1st century CE) was a Roman general. ... Boudicca (also written Boudica, Boadicea, Buduica, Bonduca), was a Celtic female chieftain who led the Iceni and a number of other Celtic tribes, including the neighbouring Trinovantes, in a major uprising against the occupying Roman forces in Britain in AD 60 or 61 during the reign of the emperor Nero. ...

With the withdrawal of the Roman forces, the area fell under the control of the Kingdom of Gwynedd, an early Mediaeval kingdom. Under this feudal system, the residents worked small farms for the king. The rural nature of the settlement meant that the village had only a very small population, of around 80. Gwynedd was one of the kingdoms or principalities of medieval Wales. ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ... Feudalism comes from the Late Latin word feudum, itself borrowed from a Germanic root *fehu, a commonly used term in the Middle Ages which means fief, or land held under certain obligations by feodati. ...

However, with the introduction of estates in the 16th century, much of the land was absorbed into the Earldom of Uxbridge, currently under the Marquess of Anglesey, and the population forced to work as tenants on enclosures. However, the population of the town boomed, with a recorded population of 385 by the 1801 census. The title of Marquess of Anglesey was created in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1815 for the Henry William Paget, 2nd Earl of Uxbridge, a hero of the Battle of Waterloo. ... A tenant (from the Latin tenere, to hold), in legal contexts, holds real property by some form of title from a landlord. ... Enclosure (also historically inclosure) is the process of subdivision of common land for individual ownership. ...

In 1826, the town was connected to the rest of Wales by the construction Menai Suspension Bridge, built by Thomas Telford, and with London 1850, with the building of the Britannia Bridge and the busy North Wales Coast railway line, which connected London to the ferry port of Holyhead. The village decentralised, spliting into Upper Village (Pentre Uchaf), which was made up mainly of the older houses and farms, and the new Lower Village (Pentre Isaf), built around the railway station and consisting mostly of shops and workshops. The village became a hub of commerce, as the railways and road network brought traders and customers from across northern Wales. The Menai Suspension Bridge from a viewpoint on the A4080 near the Britannia Bridge. ... Thomas Telford (August 9, 1757 - September 2, 1834) was born in Westerkirk, Scotland. ... This article is about the British city. ... Britannia Bridge from the east along the Menai Strait Section of the original wrought-iron tubular bridge standing in front of the modern bridge Monumental lion, one of four guarding each corner of Britannia Bridge Britannia Bridge is a bridge across the Menai Strait between the island of Anglesey and... The North Wales Coast Line is the railway line from Crewe to Holyhead. ... This article is about the British city. ... Holyhead (Welsh: Caergybi, the fort of St. ...

Significance of the name

A sign showing the name and English translation of the town

The village's long name cannot be considered an authentic Welsh-language toponym. It was artificially contrived in the 1860s to bestow upon the station the honour of having the longest name of any railway station in the United Kingdom: an early example of a publicity stunt. According to Sir John Morris-Jones the name was created by a local tailor, whose name he does not give. A translation into English would yield "St Mary's church in the hollow of the white hazel near to the rapid whirlpool and the church of St Tysilio of the red cave". Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1467x117, 21 KB)Sign in the village, photographed by Arpingstone Image modified by: Copysan From Original Picture on Wikipedia Since the orig author released this into pub domain, I feel I have the right to modify it. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1467x117, 21 KB)Sign in the village, photographed by Arpingstone Image modified by: Copysan From Original Picture on Wikipedia Since the orig author released this into pub domain, I feel I have the right to modify it. ... Welsh redirects here, and this article describes the Welsh language. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The media itself often stages stunts for movies and television shows. ... Sir John Morris-Jones (1864 - 1929) was a Welsh grammarian and poet. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... St. ...

The eponymous St Mary's Church

The village was originally known as Llanfairpwllgwyngyll (St Mary's church in the hollow of the white hazel), and there was a nearby hamlet called Llantysilio Gogogoch (the church of St Tysilio of the red cave). The names were linked by an in-between feature, the chwyrn drobwll, or rapid whirlpool. Although when written and read in English, the name has 58 letters, in Welsh it has only 51 because ll and ch are each regarded as a single letter. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1280x960, 182 KB) Summary St. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1280x960, 182 KB) Summary St. ... St. ... Saltstraumen off Norway. ... LL may stand for: Love Letter Late Latin The word legis (Latin for laws) in law degrees Lebanese pound, Livre Libanaise in French Linked list, a type of data structure Little league Long lines, a term for a long-distance telephone network Limited liability LL parser The rapper LL Cool... Ch is a digraph in the Roman alphabet. ...

The name was used in the movie Barbarella as the password for the headquarters of Dildano, the comical revolutionary. Barbarella was originally a French science fiction comic book created by Jean-Claude Forest, who originated the character for serialisation in the French magazine V-Magazine in 1962. ...

The village is split into two, smaller, villages, Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch-isaf (Lower Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch) and Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch-uchaf (Upper Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch).

Pronunciation

The sign at the railway station gives an approximation of the correct pronunciation for English speakers

(WAV file at the village Web site is here [1].)

The full name of the town is pronounced IPA: [ˌɬan.vair.puɬ.ˌɡwɪ̈n.ɡɪ̈ɬ.ɡo.ˌɡer.ə.ˌχwərn.ˌdro.buɬ.ˌɬan.tɪ̈.ˌsil.jo.ˌɡo.ɡo.ˈɡoːχ], or with [ɪ] for [ɪ̈], [pʊɬ, bʊɬ] for [puɬ, buɬ]. The approximate pronunciation in English orthography is given at the station as: Llan-vire-pooll-guin-gill-go-ger-u-queern-drob-ooll-llandus-ilio-gogo-goch. The "ch" is a voiceless uvular fricative [χ] or voiceless velar fricative as in the pronunciation for "Bach" ([bax]; see ach-laut) in most varieties of German. The "ll" is a voiceless lateral fricative [ɬ], a sound that does not occur in English and is sometimes approximated (rather poorly) as [θl] (thl as in athlete) or even [xl] by English speakers. Image File history File links Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch_station_sign_(cropped_version_1). ... Image File history File links Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch_station_sign_(cropped_version_1). ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is a system of phonetic notation devised by linguists to accurately and uniquely represent each of the wide variety of sounds (phones or phonemes) used in spoken human language. ... The voiceless uvular fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. ... The voiceless velar fricative is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages. ... Note: This page contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... The voiceless alveolar lateral fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. ...

Rival names

There have been several attempts to steal the village's record. The Carmarthenshire village of Llanfynydd unofficially adopted the name Llanhyfryddawelllehynafolybarcudprindanfygythiadtrienusyrhafnauole in 2004 in protest at plans to erect a wind farm nearby (the name means "a quiet beautiful village; a historic place with rare kite under threat from wretched blades" in English). A station on the Fairbourne Railway was named Gorsafawddacha'idraigodanheddogleddollônpenrhynareurdraethceredigion (translated as "the Mawddach station and its dragon teeth at the Northern Penrhyn Road on the golden beach of Cardigan Bay") for promotional purposes. No such attempts have gained widespread recognition amongst official bodies or transport authorities. Carmarthenshire (Welsh: Sir Gaerfyrddin) is a county in Wales. ... Llanfynydd is a village in Carmarthenshire, Wales. ... Wind turbines in Neuenkirchen, Dithmarschen (Germany). ... Beddgelert, a smaller version of an engine from the Welsh Highland Railway. ... Gorsafawddachaidraigodanheddogleddollônpenrhynareurdraethceredigion is a station on the Fairbourne Railway in Gwynedd in North Wales. ... The River Mawddach (in Welsh, Afon Mawddach) is a river in North Wales which has its source north of Aran Fawddwy in Snowdonia and its mouth at the town of Barmouth. ... The term Cardigan Bay, when used by itself, can refer to: A horse called Cardigan Bay A bay in Wales called Cardigan Bay A bay in Prince Edward Island called Cardigan Bay This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same...

External links

• - Village website, which is listed in the 2002 Guinness Book of Records as the world's longest valid Internet domain name
• Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch article at H2G2
• Flickr: Photos tagged with llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch, photos most likely of Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch