The harbour at Lundy

Lundy is an island in the Bristol Channel, administered as part of Torridge district of the English county of Devon. It belongs to the ward of Clovelly Bay [1]. It lies about a third of the way from the coast of Devon to that of Wales. It is about 4.5 km (3 miles) long from north to south by 1 km (about ½ mile) wide, with an area of 4.24 km² (1.64 sq mi), and is the largest island in the Bristol Channel. Its coordinates are 51.18°N, 4.67°W. Lundy gives its name to one of the British Sea Areas and is England's only statutory Marine Nature Reserve. It has a resident population of 28 people (2007), almost all of whom live and work in the village on the south of the island. Lundy can refer to: Lundy, an island in the Bristol Channel of Great Britain The neighbouring sea area, as covered in the Shipping Forecast. ... A view down into the harbour at Lundy File links The following pages link to this file: Lundy Categories: GFDL images ... A view down into the harbour at Lundy File links The following pages link to this file: Lundy Categories: GFDL images ... Satellite view of the Bristol Channel Map of the Bristol Channel The Bristol Channel (Welsh: ) is a major inlet in the island of Great Britain, separating South Wales from the West Country and extending from the lower estuary of the River Severn (Afon Hafren) to that part of the North... Torridge is a local government district in Devon, England. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... A county is generally a sub-unit of regional self-government within a sovereign jurisdiction. ... Part of the seafront of Torquay, south Devon, at high tide Devon is a large county in South West England, bordered by Cornwall to the west, and Dorset and Somerset to the east. ... Look up ward in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Clovelly is a village on the north Devon coast, England near Bideford. ... This article is about the country. ... Satellite view of the Bristol Channel Map of the Bristol Channel The Bristol Channel (Welsh: ) is a major inlet in the island of Great Britain, separating South Wales from the West Country and extending from the lower estuary of the River Severn (Afon Hafren) to that part of the North... The Shipping Forecast is a four-times-daily BBC radio broadcast of weather reports and forecasts for the seas around the coasts of Britain and Ireland. ... It has been suggested that Reserve design be merged into this article or section. ...

In a 2005 opinion poll of Radio Times readers, Lundy was named as the tenth greatest natural wonder in Britain. One-day visits are most usual, although tourists can spend several nights on the island in tents or holiday cottages, almost all at the south end of the island. Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... An opinion poll is a survey of opinion from a particular sample. ... Current Radio Times logo Radio Times is the BBCs weekly television and radio programme listings magazine. ...

History and ownership

Lundy has evidence of visitation or occupation from the Neolithic period onward, with Mesolithic flintwork, Bronze Age burial mounds, four inscribed gravestones from the early medieval period,^[1] and an early medieval monastery (possibly dedicated to St Elen or St Helen). An array of Neolithic artifacts, including bracelets, axe heads, chisels, and polishing tools. ... The Mesolithic (Greek mesos=middle and lithos=stone or the Middle Stone Age[1]) was a period in the development of human technology between the Paleolithic and Neolithic periods of the Stone Age. ... The Bronze Age is a period in a civilizations development when the most advanced metalworking has developed the techniques of smelting copper from natural outcroppings and alloys it to cast bronze. ... A tumulus (plural tumuli, from the Latin word for mound or small hill, from the root to bulge, swell also found in ) is a mound of earth and stones raised over a grave or graves. ... St. ...

Map of Lundy with inset maps of Great Britain and Bristol Channel

Evidence that the Knights Templar were given the island of Lundy is sparse but clearly documented. When the Templars were first given the island is uncertain but it would seem that as they were a major maritime force in the reign of Henry II (1154-1189), he gave them Lundy as an English port of refuge. Whether they took possession of the island is questionable, though the Order did have economic interests in north Devon and may well have been given the island as an alternative to the Taw river landings leading to Barnstaple. It has been speculated that one of the reasons for the king's generosity was that the Norsemen were troubling Scotland and may have posed a threat to more southern waters. Island of Lundy. ... Island of Lundy. ... The Poor Fellow-Soldiers of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon (Latin: Pauperes commilitones Christi Templique Solomonici), popularly known as the Knights Templar or the Order of the Temple, were among the most famous of the Christian military orders. ... Henry II of England 5 March 1133 – 6 July 1189) ruled as King of England (1154–1189), Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy, Duke of Aquitaine, Duke of Gascony, Count of Nantes, Lord of Ireland and, at various times, controlled parts of Wales, Scotland and western France. ... Part of the seafront of Torquay, south Devon, at high tide Devon is a large county in South West England, bordered by Cornwall to the west, and Dorset and Somerset to the east. ... River Taw rises at Taw Head, a spring on the central northern flanks of Dartmoor. ... Statistics Population: 34,000 (April 2006 Est. ... Norseman redirects here; for the town of the same name see Norseman, Western Australia. ... This article is about the country. ...

It is known that William de Marisco was fined (circa 1195) for retaining the island of Lundy against the wishes of King Henry and against the rights of the Knights Templar.(Either the date or King are wrong here - in 1195 Richard I was on the throne)

In 1235, William de Marisco, implicated in the plot to murder Henry II, (Again, either the date or King are wrong here - Henry II died in 1189.) fled to the island where he lived as a virtual king. He fortified the only landing place on its coastline and defended it against all comers other than pirates and outlaws who flocked there for his protection. He built a stronghold in the area now known as Bulls' Paradise with nine-foot (2.7 m) thick walls that safeguarded him and his 'subjects' for seventeen years. Eventually he and sixteen of his close followers were captured and tried. Lundy was seized by the Royal forces and Marisco was hanged, drawn and quartered. In 1244, the King built the Castle (sometimes erroneously referred to as the Marisco Castle) in an attempt to establish the rule of law on the island and its surrounding waters. Events Anglo-Norman invasion of Connacht St. ... Look up pirate and piracy in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... To be hanged, drawn and quartered was the penalty once ordained in England for treason. ...

There followed a period of anarchy on the island with English and foreign pirates and privateers (including more members of the Marisco family) taking control of the island for short periods, causing shipping traffic to avoid the Bristol Channel whenever possible. A privateer was a private ship (or its captain) authorized by a countrys government by letters of marque to attack foreign shipping. ... Satellite view of the Bristol Channel Map of the Bristol Channel The Bristol Channel (Welsh: ) is a major inlet in the island of Great Britain, separating South Wales from the West Country and extending from the lower estuary of the River Severn (Afon Hafren) to that part of the North...

Further evidence of the Templars' weak hold on the island comes ten years after the death of Henry II in the year of the death of King Richard I, Henry's eldest surviving son, who had succeeded him. King John, Richard's youngest brother, began his reign in 1199, ignoring the claims of his young nephew, Prince Arthur. In an effort to ensure the Templars' rights on Lundy, John confirmed the earlier grant made by King Henry (II?) in the following form: Richard I (8 September 1157 – 6 April 1199) was King of England from 6 July 1189 to 6 April 1199. ... This article is about the King of England. ... Events John Lackland, becomes King of England Births Isobel of Huntingdon (d. ... Arthur I, Duke of Brittany (1187 – 1203), was the posthumous son of Geoffrey Plantagenet and Constance, Duchess of Brittany, and designated heir to the throne of England, originally intended to succeed Richard I. While Richard was away on crusade, Constance took more independence for Brittany, and in 1194 had the...

"Deed concerning King John and the island of Lundy - I John by the Grace of God &c you may know we confer and present by our confirmation by these presents our confirmation in perpetuity to God and to the brothers of the military service of the temple of Jerusalem, the island of Lundy … off the mouth of the river between Tinbeth and Barnstaple in what way how and by which means we wish and confirm to the Master of the brothers of the Temple that same island that they may have and hold completely and freely in continuous freedom and peace for free usage and with all liberties, habits, customs, usage and ways as of the late King Henry. Witness Walter Rothman Given by our hand of in the presence of Archbishop of Canterbury in year one of our reign."

At this time, John also compensated the Templars for the past lack of income from Lundy by granting them the revenues of the Marisco family in Somerset. It is uncertain whether the Templars used the island at all, because in 1213 the English treasury paid the Order £10 in respect of the island. Whether this was recompense for not being able to use it or a fee agreed for the Templars to nominally hold it in the name of the Order is unclear. This article is about the county of Somerset in England. ... May 30 - Battle of Damme; English fleet under William Longsword destroyes a French fleet off the Belgian port in the first major victory for the fledgling Royal Navy. ...

What is certain is that by the time of King Henry III, the son of King John (ruled 1216–1272), they were given 100 shillings by the king in lieu of and in full recompense for the island. The Order's connection with Lundy seems to have been severed at this time. Henry III (1 October 1207 – 16 November 1272) was crowned King of England in 1216, despite being less than ten years of age. ... // Prince Louis of France, the future King Louis VIII, invades England in the First Barons War Henry III becomes King of England. ... For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century. ... The shilling was a British coin first issued in 1548 for Henry VIII, although arguably the testoon issued about 1487 for Henry VII was the first shilling. ...

Thomas Bushell held Lundy for King Charles I. He was a friend of Francis Bacon, a strong supporter of the Royalist cause during the Civil War and an expert on mining and coining. It has even been argued that during his stay on Lundy Bushell produced coinage for King Charles I; however definitive proof has not been found and it remains speculation. Significantly, this was the last part of the Royalist lands to capitulate to the victorious Parliament, and only after a year-long siege. Richard Fiennes, representing General Fairfax received the surrender. Bushell had rebuilt Marisco Castle and garrisoned the island at his own expense^[2]. Charles I (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649) was King of England, King of Scotland and King of Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649. ...

In 1655 an Ottoman naval force of 40 ships, accompanied by the Barbary Pirates from Algiers, captured Lundy, which became their base of operations in the North Atlantic for the next 5 years, until 1660. Events March 25 - Saturns largest moon, Titan, is discovered by Christian Huygens. ... For other uses, see Ottoman (disambiguation). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... “Alger” redirects here. ...

The late 18th and early 19th centuries were years of lawlessness on Lundy, particularly during the ownership of Thomas Benson, an MP who notoriously used the island for housing convicts whom he was supposed to be deporting. Piracy was rife during this period.

From the 1830s however, an air of respectability descended on Lundy. It was purchased in 1836 by William Hudson Heaven, younger brother of Cam Gyde Heaven, the son of an old Gloucestershire and Bristol family, as a summer retreat and for the shooting. Many of the buildings on the island today, including St. Helena's Church and Millcombe House (originally known simply as The Villa) date from the Heaven period.

The Villa, a well-proportioned house in the Georgian style, was built in the late 1830s. However, the expense of building the road from the beach (no financial assistance being provided by Trinity House, despite their regular use of the road following its construction), the Villa and the general cost of running the island had a ruinous effect on the family's finances. Coupled with the collapse in the sugar market (much of William Heaven's income came from his sugar plantations in Jamaica), the family was obliged the make the island its principal home from the early 1840s.

William Heaven retained some property on the mainland in order to continue to qualify to vote. Known as 'The Squire' he defended Lundy's extra-territorial privileges vigorously, and this defence included the insistence that his qualification to vote did not rest on his ownership of the Lundy property, but of mainland property. Not surprisingly the island became known as the 'Kingdom of Heaven'.

William Heaven was succeeded by his son the Reverend Hudson Grosset Heaven who, thanks to a legacy from Sarah Langworthy (née Heaven), was able to fulfil his life's ambition of building a stone church on the island. St Helena's was completed in 1896, and stands today as a lasting memorial to the Heaven period. He is said to have been able to afford either a church or a new harbour. His choice of the church was not however in the best financial interests of the island. The unavailability of the money for re-establishing the family's financial soundness, coupled with disastrous investment and speculation in the early 20th century, caused severe financial hardship.

Hudson Heaven died in 1916, and was succeeded by his nephew, Walter Charles Hudson Heaven. With the outbreak of World War I, matters deteriorated seriously and, in 1918, the family was forced to sell the island, receiving less for it than the accumulated debts and mortgages. Bankruptcy ensued, and Walter emigrated to Australia, a broken man. “The Great War ” redirects here. ...

His sister, Marion Cecilia Harley Heaven married her cousin Dr John Cookesley Heaven. She and her daughter Eileen Heaven retained a close interest in the Island throughout their lives, Eileen dying in 1983.

Her cousin, Richard John Gyde Heaven, and his children and grandchildren have also continued to be regular visitors to the Island.

The Christie family owned the island for just a few years before selling it in 1924 to Martin Coles Harman.

The main residence was modelled on a Burmese Tea Plantation dwelling, with a partly convex roof to catch the rain, as the water courses on the island are prone to contamination due to the stock grazing on the island.

A 1 Puffin coin of 1929, showing the Portrait of Martin Coles Harman.

The 1965 Proof set

Martin Coles Harman bought the island of Lundy, the mail contract, as well as the MV Lerina, in October of 1924 after which he proclaimed himself a "king". Harman also issued two coins of Half Puffin and One Puffin value in 1929, nominally equivalent to the British Halfpenny & Penny. It was this coinage that landed him in trouble. The House of Lords, in 1931, found him in violation of the United Kingdom's 1870 Coinage Act (1870). He was fined five pounds and fifteen guineas expenses. The 'coins' were withdrawn and became collectors' items. In 1965 a 'fantasy' restrike four coin set, a few in gold, was issued to commemorate 40 years since Harman purchased the island^[3]. He died in 1954. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 448 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (1712 × 2288 pixel, file size: 694 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) A 1 Puffin coin of Lundy Island. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 448 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (1712 × 2288 pixel, file size: 694 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) A 1 Puffin coin of Lundy Island. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (2288 × 1712 pixel, file size: 775 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) The 1965 Lundy Island Proof coin set. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (2288 × 1712 pixel, file size: 775 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) The 1965 Lundy Island Proof coin set. ... Year 1924 (MCMXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see Monarch (disambiguation). ... Year 1929 (MCMXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The House of Lords is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom and is also commonly referred to as the Lords. The Sovereign, the House of Commons (which is the lower house of Parliament and referred to as the Commons), and the Lords together comprise the Parliament. ... Year 1931 (MCMXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1870 (MDCCCLXX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... “GBP” redirects here. ...

Residents did not pay taxes to the United Kingdom and had to pass through customs when they travelled to and from Lundy Island.

Following the death of Harman's son Albion in 1968, Lundy was put up for sale in 1969. Jack Hayward, a British millionaire purchased the island for £150,000 and gave it to the National Trust^[3], who leased it to the Landmark Trust, which manages the island, including holiday rental properties for income to maintain the island. Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1969 (Stargate SG-1) episode. ... Sir Jack Hayward OBE (born in Wolverhampton, in 1923), is an English property developer and philanthropist. ... The standard of the National Trust The National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty, usually known as The National Trust, is a British preservation organization. ... The Landmark Trust is a British charity that rescues buildings of historic interest or architectural importance and gives them a new life by making them available to stay in for holidays. ...

Although the island was ruled as a virtual fiefdom, its owner never claimed to be independent of the United Kingdom, so this differed from later territorial 'micronations'. Under the system of feudalism, a fiefdom, fief, feud, feoff, or fee, often consisted of inheritable lands or revenue-producing property granted by a liege lord in return for a form of allegiance, originally to give him the means to fulfill his military duties when called upon. ... This article is about entities that are not officially recognised by world governments or major international organisations. ...

MS Oldenburg

The Lundy ferry “Oldenburg” sails into Ilfracombe harbour, north Devon, past inflatable ZapCat powerboats waiting to begin an offshore race

There are two ways of getting to Lundy, depending upon the season of travel. During the summer months (April to October) visitors are carried on the island's own vessel, MS Oldenburg, which sails from both Bideford and Ilfracombe. Sailings are usually three days a week, on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays, with Wednesday as well during July and August. The voyage takes on average 2 hours, depending on ports, tides and weather. The Lundy ferry “Oldenburg” sails into Ilfracombe harbour, north Devon, past inflatable Thundercat boats waiting to begin an offshore race. ... The Lundy ferry “Oldenburg” sails into Ilfracombe harbour, north Devon, past inflatable Thundercat boats waiting to begin an offshore race. ...

During the winter months, (November to March) the Oldenburg comes out of service, and the island is served by a scheduled helicopter service from Hartland Point. The helicopter operates on Mondays and Fridays, with flying between 12 noon and 2pm, making it ideal for weekend visits and short breaks. The heliport is basically a field at the top of Hartland Point, not far from the Beacon. It consists essentially of a shed, with tea urn and separate toilet. The café at Hartland Point is kept open on flying days for visitors, serving the usual hot drinks and home bakes. Hartland Point is a rocky outcrop of land on the coast of Devon in the United Kingdom. ...

Entrance to Lundy is free for all those who arrive by scheduled transport. However, as the island is owned by the National Trust, visitors arriving by other means, including their own boats and light aircraft, will be charged a small entrance fee, currently (February 2007) £3.50. A separate charge is also charged to those using light aircraft. If you are staying on Lundy, and do not arrive by scheduled transport, you will also be charged for carrying your luggage to the top of the island.

Economy

Tourism and postage stamps are the main sources of income for Lundy, as well as the sale of meat from the island farm. The Marisco Tavern, which used to brew its own beer, is situated in the village at the south east corner of the island. Lundy is also used as a site for scientific research, and the south end of the island is operated as a farm. There are two automated lighthouses on the island (and one historic disused one which is used as a holiday property), so Trinity House staff also visit the island from time to time in order to carry out maintenance. “Tourist” redirects here. ... A selection of Hong Kong postage stamps A postage stamp is evidence of pre-paying a fee for postal services. ... A 16th century brewer A 21st century brewer This article concerns the production of alcoholic beverages. ... For other uses, see Beer (disambiguation). ... Farms, East of Gorgan, Iran. ... A HDR image of a traditional lighthouse For other uses, see Lighthouse (disambiguation). ... Trinity House, London (January 2007) A meeting at Trinity House circa 1808 // The Corporation of Trinity House is the official General Lighthouse Authority for England, Wales and other British Territtorial Waters (with the exception of Scotland, Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland). ...

The Old Light, Lundy

The Old Light, Lundy Island. ... The Old Light, Lundy Island. ...

Lundy stamps

Owing to a decline in population and lack of interest in the mail contract, the GPO ended its presence at the end of 1927. For the next couple of years "King" Harman handled the mail to and from the Island without charge. On November 1, 1929 he decided to offset the expense by issuing a series of private postage stamps, with a value expressed in 'Puffins'. The printing of Puffin stamps continues to this day. They have to be put on the top left hand corner of the envelope, so that the mainland sorting offices can process them: their cost includes the standard Royal Mail charges for onward delivery. Puffins are a type of stamp known to philatelists as a 'local carriage label'. The Lundy Pony breed has figured on several issues. The British General Post Office (GPO) was officially established in 1660 by Charles II and it eventually grew to combine the functions of both the state postal system and telecommunications carrier. ... Year 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 305th day of the year (306th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1929 (MCMXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Issues of increasing values were made over the years, including air mail. Many are now highly sought-after by collectors.

See List of people on stamps of Lundy. This is a list of people who have appeared on the postage stamps of Lundy. ...

Wildlife

Birds

Lundy's name is derived from the Norse lunde for the puffins that nest on the island. However, the number has decreased dramatically in recent years (the 2005 breeding population is estimated to be only two or three pairs) as a consequence of depredations by brown and black rats (now fortunately eliminated) and possibly also as a result of commercial fishing for sand eels, the puffins' principal prey. Binomial name (Linnaeus, 1758) The Atlantic Puffin (Fratercula arctica) is a seabird in the auk family. ... Binomial name Rattus rattus (Linnaeus, 1758) Black Rat range The Black Rat (Rattus rattus), also known as the Asian black rat, Ship Rat, Roof Rat or House Rat, is a common long-tailed rodent of the genus Rattus (Old World rodents) and the subfamily Murinae (murine rodents). ... Sand Eel or Sandeel is the common name used for a considerable number of species of fish. ...

As an isolated island on major migration routes, Lundy has a rich bird life and is a popular site for birding. Among the commonest or more visible breeding species are: Birding or birdwatching is a hobby concerned with the observation and study of birds (the study proper is termed American origin; birdwatching is (or more correctly, was) the commonly-used word in Great Britain and Ireland and by non-birders in the United States. ...

• Herring Gull
• Lesser Black-backed Gull
• Black-legged Kittiwake
• Fulmar
• Shag
• Razorbill
• Guillemot
• Oystercatcher
• Skylark
• Meadow pipit
• Blackbird
• Robin
• Linnet

Other, rarer, species include: Binomial name Pontoppidan, 1763 The Herring Gull, Larus argentatus, is a large gull which breeds across North America, Europe and Asia. ... Binomial name Linnaeus, 1758 The Lesser Black-backed Gull (Larus fuscus) is a large gull which breeds on the Atlantic coasts of Europe. ... Species Rissa tridactyla Rissa brevirostris The Kittiwakes (genus Rissa) are two closely related seabird species in the gull family Laridae. ... Species (Linnaeus, 1761) (A. Smith, 1840) For other uses, see Fulmar (disambiguation). ... Binomial name Phalacrocorax aristotelis (Linnaeus, 1758) The Common Shag (Phalacrocorax aristotelis) is a member of the cormorant family of seabirds. ... Binomial name Alca torda Linnaeus, 1758 The Razorbill, Alca torda, is a large alcid, 38-43 cm in length, with a 60-69 cm wingspan. ... Binomial name Uria aalge (Pontoppidan, 1763) The Common Guillemot, known as the Common Murre in North America, Uria aalge, is a large alcid. ... Binomial name Haematopus ostralegus Linnaeus, 1758 The Common Pied Oystercatcher, or in Europe just Oystercatcher is a wader in the Oystercatcher bird family Haematopodidae. ... Binomial name Alauda arvensis Linnaeus, 1758 The Skylark (Alauda arvensis) is a small passerine bird. ... Binomial name Anthus pratensis (Linnaeus, 1758) The Meadow Pipit, Anthus pratensis, is a small passerine bird which breeds in much of the northern half of Europe and Asia. ... Binomial name Turdus merula Linnaeus, 1758 The Blackbird or Common Blackbird (Turdus merula) is a European member of the thrush family Turdidae. ... Binomial name Erithacus rubecula (Linnaeus, 1758) Subspecies 7-10, see text. ... Binomial name Carduelis cannabina (Linnaeus, 1758) The Linnet, Carduelis cannabina, is a small passerine bird in the finch family Fringillidae. ...

• Puffin
• Peregrine Falcon

St. Helena's Church on Lundy Island

Binomial name (Linnaeus, 1758) The Atlantic Puffin (Fratercula arctica) is a seabird in the auk family. ... Binomial name Tunstall, 1771 Global range (shaded green, dark dots on islands) The Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus), occasionally known in North America as the Duck Hawk, is a medium-sized falcon about the size of a large crow: 380–530 millimetres (15–21 in) long. ... St Helenas Church on Lundy Island This is a photo taken by User:Etimbo on 8 June 2003 of St Helenas Church on Lundy Island, United Kingdom. ...

Mammals

Lundy is home to an unusual range of mammals, almost all introduced. They include:

• Grey Seal
• Sika Deer
• Soay Sheep
• feral goat
• Rabbit; Unusually, 20% of the rabbits are melanistic - 4% is typical in the UK. In mid-2006 the rabbit population was decimated by myxomatosis, leaving only 60 pairs (there had previously been 15-20,000 individuals).
• Pygmy Shrew

There is also a distinct Lundy breed of wild pony, called the Lundy Pony. Binomial name Halichoerus grypus (Fabricius, 1791) Grey Seal range (in blue) The Grey Seal (Halichoerus grypus) is found on both shores of the North Atlantic Ocean. ... Binomial name Cervus nippon Temminck, 1838 Subspecies The Sika Deer Cervus nippon is a typical member of the family Cervidae. ... Soay sheep, Culloden Moor. ... Species See Species and subspecies The goat is a mammal in the genus Capra, which consists of nine species: the Ibex, the West Caucasian Tur, the East Caucasian Tur, the Markhor, and the Wild Goat. ... Genera Pentalagus Bunolagus Nesolagus Romerolagus Brachylagus Sylvilagus Oryctolagus Poelagus Rabbits are small mammals in the family Leporidae of the order Lagomorpha, found in several parts of the world. ... Melanistic Eastern Grey Squirrel in Toronto, Canada. ... Myxomatosis (from the Greek μύξα (mucus), and ματώνω (to bleed)) is a disease which infects rabbits. ... Binomial name Sorex minutus (Linnaeus, 1766) The Eurasian Pygmy Shrew, often shortened to Pygmy Shrew, is a widespread shrew of northern Eurasia. ... A Shetland Pony A pony is any of several horse breeds with a specific conformation and temperament. ... The Lundy Pony developed on Lundy Island in England. ...

Until recently, together with the Shiant Isles in the Hebrides, Lundy was one of only two places in the UK where the Black Rat (Rattus rattus) could be found. It has since been eradicated on the island, in order to protect the nesting seabirds. The Shiant Isles (Scottish Gaelic: Na h-Eileanan Seunta) are an island group in the Minch, east of Harris in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland. ... Binomial name Rattus rattus (Linnaeus, 1758) Black Rat range The Black Rat (Rattus rattus), also known as the Asian black rat, Ship Rat, Roof Rat or House Rat, is a common long-tailed rodent of the genus Rattus (Old World rodents) and the subfamily Murinae (murine rodents). ...

Plant life

There is one endemic plant species, the Lundy Cabbage, which until 2006 was thought to support two endemic species of beetle. Recently the beetles have been found not to be endemic, but an endemic weevil has been discovered. The east side of the island has become overgrown by rhododendrons; the island has been contracted by English Nature to eradicate the rhododendron by 2012. They are used as a daytime shelter by the sika deer. Endemic, in a broad sense, can mean belonging or native to, characteristic of, or prevalent in a particular geography, race, field, area, or environment; Native to an area or scope. ... The Lundy Cabbage (Coincya wrightii) is a species of primitive brassica that is endemic to the island of Lundy off the southeastern coast of Great Britain, where ii is sufficiently isolated to have formed ints own speciers, with its endemic insect pollinators. ... Families Anthribidae - fungus weevils Attelabidae - leaf rolling weevils Belidae - primitive weevils Brentidae - straight snout weevils Caridae Curculionidae - true weevils Nemonychidae - pine flower weevils Wikispecies has information related to: Curculionoidea A weevil is any beetle from the Curculionoidea superfamily. ... Subgenera Azaleastrum Candidastrum Hymenanthes Mumeazalea Pentanthera (Azaleas) Rhododendron Therorhodion Tsutsusi (Azaleas) Vireya Source: RBG, Edinburgh Rhododendron (from the Greek: rhodos, rose, and dendron, tree) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Ericaceae. ...

Geology

The island is primarily composed of granite of the palaeocene period. Amongst the igneous dykes cutting the granite are a small number composed of a rock which has been named Lundyite (this name was first used in 1914 but never precisely defined so it has since fallen into disuse). Close-up of granite from Yosemite National Park, valley of the Merced River Quarrying granite for the Mormon Temple, Utah Territory. ... The Paleocene epoch (65-56 MYA) (early dawn of the recent) is the first geologic epoch of the Palaeogene period in the modern Cenozoic era. ... Igneous rocks are formed when molten rock (magma) cools and solidifies, with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive (plutonic) rocks or on the surface as extrusive (volcanic) rocks. ... A dike in geology refers to a tabular intrusive igneous body. ...

Archaeology

There are archaeological sites on the island, including some ancient graves. The Lundy Field Society has carried out studies. ^[4]

References

Bibliography

• John Stack. Report from Practically Nowhere, 1959 ISBN 0-595-08918-6 [2]

See also

• Coins of Lundy

1965 One Puffin coin The coins of Lundy are two unofficial issues of coinage from the island of Lundy, in the Bristol Channel off the west coast of England. ...

External links

• Official website
• Lundy Field Society
• Lundy Birds
• Pete Robsons Lundy Island Site
• Lundy stamps
• LundyCam
• Lundy (DMOZ.org)
• Satellite view of Lundy

Coordinates: 51°10′N, 4°40′W Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...