NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Malaysian Chinese

A Malaysian Chinese is an overseas Chinese who is a citizen or long-term resident of Malaysia. Most are descendants of Chinese who arrived between the fifteenth and the mid-twentieth centuries. Within Malaysia, they are usually simply referred to as "Chinese" in all languages. The term Chinese Malaysian is rarely (if ever) used in Malaysia. Traditional Chinese characters refers to one of two standard sets of printed Chinese characters. ... Simplified Chinese character (Simplified Chinese: or ; traditional Chinese: or ; pinyin: or ) is one of two standard sets of Chinese characters of the contemporary Chinese written language. ... Map of eastern China and Taiwan, showing the historic distribution of Mandarin Chinese in light brown. ... Pinyin, more formally called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ... Min (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; POJ: BÃ¢n hong-giÃ¢n; BUC: MÃ¬ng huÅng-ngiÃ²ng) is a general term for a group of dialects of the Chinese language spoken in the southeastern Chinese province of Fujian as well as by migrants from this province in Guangdong (around Chaozhou-Swatou... Mǐn N n (Chinese: 閩南語), also spelt as Minnan or Min-nan; native name B ; literally means Southern Min or Southern Fujian and refers to the local language/dialect of southern Fujian province, China. ... Technical note: Due to technical limitations, some web browsers may not display some special characters in this article. ... This article is about all of the Cantonese (Yue) dialects. ... Jyutping (sometimes spelled Jyutpin) is a romanization system for Standard Cantonese developed by the Linguistic Society of Hong Kong (LSHK) in 1993. ... Not to be confused with the Malayalam language, spoken in India. ... Languages various Religions Predominantly Taoism, Mahayana Buddhism, traditional Chinese religions, and atheism. ...

Early Chinese settlers (from the fifteenth century in Malacca; eighteenth century in Penang) form to a sub-group called Peranakan or Straits Chinese, who adopted many Malay customs and to varying extents (limited in Penang, almost complete in Malacca) the Malay language, but retained Chinese religious practices. In contrast, the newer arrivals (nineteenth century and later) who retained Chinese customs were known as sinkheh (新客 - literally "new guests"). This article is about the state in Malaysia. ... State motto: Bersatu dan Setia (United and Loyal) (formerly Let Penang Lead) State anthem: Untuk Negeri Kita (For Our State) Capital George Town Ruling party Barisan Nasional - Yang Di-Pertua Negeri Tuan Yang Terutama Abdul Rahman bin Haji Abbas - Ketua Menteri Tan Sri Dr. Koh Tsu Koon History - Ceded by... Peranakan, Baba-Nyonya () and Straits Chinese (; named after the Straits Settlements) are terms used for the descendants of the very early Chinese immigrants to the Nusantara region, including both the British Straits Settlements of Malaya and the Dutch-controlled island of Java among other places, who have partially adopted Malay... Not to be confused with the Malayalam language, spoken in India. ...

The Chinese in Malaysia maintain a distinct communal identity and rarely intermarry with native Malays for religious and cultural reasons. This is because most Malays are Muslim. Under Malaysian law, such a marriage requires the non-Muslim party to convert. Most Malaysian Chinese consider their being "Chinese" at once an ethnic, cultural and political identity. There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…Ø§Ù†, Turkish: MÃ¼slÃ¼man, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…Ø§Ù†, Turkish: MÃ¼slÃ¼man, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ...

The Malaysian Chinese have traditionally dominated the Malaysian economy, but with the advent of affirmative action policies by the Malaysian government to protect the interests of ethnic Malays, their share has eroded somewhat. On most counts, however, they still make up the majority of the middle and upper income classes of Malaysia. As of 2007, they constitute about a quarter of the Malaysian population. This box: Affirmative actionrefers to policies intended to promote access to education or employment aimed at a historically socio-politically non-dominant group (typically, minorities or women). ...

History

Most Chinese immigrants of Malaya came from southern China, mostly from the province of Fujian and Guangdong. In the nineteenth century, many came as indentured labourers, known as coolies (Chinese: 苦力). Others came freely to work, and were supported by Clan Associations. By 1911, the Chinese population in Malaya had reached 269,854, and around a million circa 1949. Map of Chinese Migration during the 1800s - year 1949. ... Map of Peninsular Malaysia Peninsular Malaysia (Malay: Semenanjung Malaysia) is the part of Malaysia which lies on the Malay Peninsula, and shares a land border with Thailand in the north. ... (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Fu-chien; Postal map spelling: Fukien, Foukien; local transliteration Hokkien from Min Nan Hok-kiÃ n) is one of the provinces on the southeast coast of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Not to be confused with the former Kwantung Leased Territory in north-eastern China. ... An Indentured servant is an unfree labourer under contract to work (for a specified amount of time) for another person, often without any pay, but in exchange for accommodation, food, other essentials and/or free passage to a new country. ... Coolie refers to unskilled laborers from Asia of the 1800s to early 1900s who were sent to the United States, Australia, New Zealand, North Africa and the West Indies. ... Picture of a Cantonese districts Association & Temple in Penang, Malaysia. ...

Dialect groups

Overview

The ethnic Chinese in Malaysia belong to several Chinese dialect groups. There are four major dialect groups: Hokkien, Hakka, Cantonese and Teochew. Other dialects include Hainanese, Hokchiu and Hinghwa. Hokkien, Hinghwa and Hokchiu are also known as Min Nan language. It is evident that people belonging to certain dialect groups are populated in different parts of communities in Malaysia. For dialects of programming languages, see Programming language dialect. ... Mǐn N n (Chinese: 閩南語), also spelt as Minnan or Min-nan; native name B ; literally means Southern Min or Southern Fujian and refers to the local language/dialect of southern Fujian province, China. ... For other uses, see Hakka (disambiguation). ... This article is about all of the Cantonese (Yue) dialects. ... Teochiu can refer to: Chaozhou(潮州), a prefecture-level city in Guangdong Province, China. ... Hainanese is a dialect of the Min Nan group spoken in the southern Chinese province of Hainan. ... The Hokchiu (ç¦å·žè©± in pinyin: fu2 zhou1 hua4) is a Chinese dialect of the northern subgroups in the Min dialect branch. ... Hinghwa (å…´åŒ–è©±) or Putian (èŽ†ç”°è©±) is a Chinese dialect. ... Mǐn N n (Chinese: 閩南語), also spelt as Minnan or Min-nan; native name B ; literally means Southern Min or Southern Fujian and refers to the local language/dialect of southern Fujian province, China. ...

The Hokkien is the largest group in Malaysia. It forms the largest dialect group in Penang, Malacca, Kedah, Terengganu, Kelantan, Selangor -- mostly in Klang and coastal region of Selangor and western Johor. The Hokkien dialect is also commonly spoken in East Malaysia. State motto: Bersatu dan Setia (United and Loyal) (formerly Let Penang Lead) State anthem: Untuk Negeri Kita (For Our State) Capital George Town Ruling party Barisan Nasional - Yang Di-Pertua Negeri Tuan Yang Terutama Abdul Rahman bin Haji Abbas - Ketua Menteri Tan Sri Dr. Koh Tsu Koon History - Ceded by... This article is about the state in Malaysia. ... State anthem: Allah Selamatkan Sultan Mahkota Capital Alor Star Royal capital Anak Bukit Ruling party Barisan Nasional - Sultan Tuanku Abdul Halim - Menteri Besar Mahdzir Khalid History - British control 1909 - Japanese occupation 1942 - Accession into Federation of Malaya 1948 Area - Total 9,426 kmÂ² Population - 2003 estimate 1,778,188 - Density... State motto: Islam Hadhari Terengganu Bestari State anthem: Terengganu State Anthem Capital (and royal capital) Kuala Terengganu Ruling party Barisan Nasional - Sultan Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin1 - Menteri Besar Idris Jusoh History - British control 1909 - Japanese occupation 1942 - Accession into Federation of Malaya 1948 Area - Total 12,955 kmÂ² Population - 2005... State motto: Berserah kepada Tuhan Kerajaan Kelantan State anthem: Selamat Sultan Capital (and royal capital) Kota Bharu Ruling party PAS - Sultan Tuanku Ismail Petra - Menteri Besar Nik Aziz Nik Mat History - Siamese control 1603 - British control 1909 - Japanese occupation 1942-1946 - Accession into Federation of Malaya 1948 Area - Total 14... State motto: Dipelihara Allah State anthem: Duli Yang Maha Mulia Capital Shah Alam Royal capital Klang Ruling party Barisan Nasional - Sultan Sultan Sharafuddin - Menteri Besar Dr Mohd Khir Toyo History - Federated into FMS 1895 - Japanese occupation 1942 - Accession into Federation of Malaya 1948 Area - Total 7,956 kmÂ² Population - 2005... Motto: Perpaduan Sendi Kekuatan Country Malaysia State Selangor Establishment 1643 Granted Municipal Status 1977, January 1st Government - Administered by Majlis Perbandaran Klang (Klang Municipal Council) - Yang diPertua (Councillor) Y. Bhg. ... State motto: Kepada Allah Berserah State anthem: Lagu Bangsa Johor Capital Johor Bahru Royal capital Pasir Pelangi1 Ruling party Barisan Nasional - Sultan Sultan Iskandar - Menteri Besar Abdul Ghani Othman History - Johor Sultanate 14th century - British control 1914 - Japanese occupation 1942 - Accession into Federation of Malaya 1948 Area - Total 19,984...

The Hakka form the most populous dialect group in East Malaysia (Sabah and Sarawak), parts of Johor notably Kulai, Selangor-Kuala Lumpur and Pahang. Hakkas are also found in large numbers in Johor Bahru and Perak, of which they possibly constitute the largest dialect group. It is the main dialect in Kuching, Sarawak. For other uses, see Sabah (disambiguation). ... For the river, see Sarawak River. ... State motto: Kepada Allah Berserah State anthem: Lagu Bangsa Johor Capital Johor Bahru Royal capital Pasir Pelangi1 Ruling party Barisan Nasional - Sultan Sultan Iskandar - Menteri Besar Abdul Ghani Othman History - Johor Sultanate 14th century - British control 1914 - Japanese occupation 1942 - Accession into Federation of Malaya 1948 Area - Total 19,984... {{dablink|This article is about a Malaysian town. ... State motto: Dipelihara Allah State anthem: Duli Yang Maha Mulia Capital Shah Alam Royal capital Klang Ruling party Barisan Nasional - Sultan Sultan Sharafuddin - Menteri Besar Dr Mohd Khir Toyo History - Federated into FMS 1895 - Japanese occupation 1942 - Accession into Federation of Malaya 1948 Area - Total 7,956 kmÂ² Population - 2005... Nickname: Motto: Maju dan makmur (English: Progress and Prosper) Location in Malaysia Coordinates: , Country State Establishment 1857 Granted city status 1974 Government - Mayor (Datuk Bandar) Datuk Abdul Hakim Borhan From 14 December 2006 Area - Total 243. ... State anthem: Pahang State Anthem Capital Kuantan Royal capital Pekan Ruling party Barisan Nasional - Sultan Sultan Ahmad Shah - Menteri Besar Adnan Yaakob History - Federated into FMS 1895 - Japanese occupation 1942 - Accession into Federation of Malaya 1948 Area - Total 35,964 kmÂ² Population - 2005 estimate 1,372,500 - Density 38. ... Nickname: Motto: Berkhidmat, Berbudaya, Berwawasan (English: Servicing, cultured, visionary) Location in Malaysia Coordinates: Country Malaysia State Johor Establishment 1855 Granted city status 1994 Government - Mayor Latiff Yusof Area - City 185 kmÂ² (72. ... For other uses, see Perak (disambiguation). ...

Cantonese constitutes the most populous Chinese dialect group in the state of Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Pahang, Negeri Sembilan and Perak where the Cantonese forms a large percentage of the population. The Cantonese also forms the largest dialect group in eastern Johor and Sandakan, Sabah. Sandakan used to be called "Little Hong Kong" since it was the second homeland for many settlers from Guangdong, where the sceneries resembles Hong Kong in the 1970s and the 1980s. Local Cantonese media is frequently broadcasted by Malaysian television channels, notably RTM2, TV3, NTV7, TV9 and 8TV. State anthem: Berkatlah Yang DiPertuan Besar Negeri Sembilan Capital Seremban Royal capital Seri Menanti Ruling party Barisan Nasional - Yang di-Pertuan Besar Tuanku Jaafar - Menteri Besar Mohamad Haji Hassan History - Federated into FMS 1895 - Japanese occupation 1942 - Accession into Federation of Malaya 1948 Area - Total 6,645 kmÂ² Population - 2007... State motto: Kepada Allah Berserah State anthem: Lagu Bangsa Johor Capital Johor Bahru Royal capital Pasir Pelangi1 Ruling party Barisan Nasional - Sultan Sultan Iskandar - Menteri Besar Abdul Ghani Othman History - Johor Sultanate 14th century - British control 1914 - Japanese occupation 1942 - Accession into Federation of Malaya 1948 Area - Total 19,984... Location in Sabah and Malaysia Country Malaysia State Sandakan Establishment Government - Council President Dr Yeo Boon Hai Area - City 2,266 kmÂ² (875 sq mi) Population (2006) - City 427,200 - Density 184/kmÂ² (488/sq mi) Time zone MST (UTC+8) - Summer (DST) Not observed (UTC) Website: http://www. ... Location in Sabah and Malaysia Country Malaysia State Sandakan Establishment Government - Council President Dr Yeo Boon Hai Area - City 2,266 kmÂ² (875 sq mi) Population (2006) - City 427,200 - Density 184/kmÂ² (488/sq mi) Time zone MST (UTC+8) - Summer (DST) Not observed (UTC) Website: http://www. ... RTM2 is a television station in Malaysia that is owned by the Malaysian Government through Radio Televisyen Malaysia. ... Sistem Televisyen Malaysia Berhad (STMB) or TV3 was incorporated in 1983 as Malaysiaâ€™s first commercial television station. ... Natseven TV Sdn Bhd or better known as ntv7 is the first digital terrestrial television in Malaysia was launched nationwide on April 7, 1998. ... TV9 is a Malaysian private-owned television station which started transmission on April 22, 2006. ... 8TV (Simplified Chinese: ; Pinyin: BÄ DÃ¹ KÅng JiÄn) is a private Malaysian television station previously known as Metrovision. ...

The Teochews are concentrated in parts of Penang, many islands of Sabah and Southern Johor, principally Johor Bahru and Pontian. For other uses, see Sabah (disambiguation). ... State motto: Kepada Allah Berserah State anthem: Lagu Bangsa Johor Capital Johor Bahru Royal capital Pasir Pelangi1 Ruling party Barisan Nasional - Sultan Sultan Iskandar - Menteri Besar Abdul Ghani Othman History - Johor Sultanate 14th century - British control 1914 - Japanese occupation 1942 - Accession into Federation of Malaya 1948 Area - Total 19,984... Nickname: Motto: Berkhidmat, Berbudaya, Berwawasan (English: Servicing, cultured, visionary) Location in Malaysia Coordinates: Country Malaysia State Johor Establishment 1855 Granted city status 1994 Government - Mayor Latiff Yusof Area - City 185 kmÂ² (72. ... Pontian also refers to a group of Greek people that formerly inhabited the north part of present day Turkey. ...

There are, in general, three sub-linguistic groups of Malaysian Chinese with three metropolitan centers. The Penang, Klang and Malacca groups are predominantly Hokkien-speaking and the Kuala Lumpur, Seremban & Ipoh group is predominantly Cantonese and Hakka-speaking. To the south of Peninsular Malaysia, in Johor, Mandarin is predominantly spoken among the Chinese communities there, which is a result of the Mandarin media influence from Singapore, and the use of Mandarin in formal education. This has resulted in many people, especially the younger generation, to discard and neglect the usage of Chinese dialects, especially Teochew and Cantonese. Whereas in East Malaysia (Malaysian Borneo), Hakka and Mandarin is widely spoken, except in Sibu, Fuzhou and in Sandakan, Cantonese. State motto: Bersatu dan Setia (United and Loyal) (formerly Let Penang Lead) State anthem: Untuk Negeri Kita (For Our State) Capital George Town Ruling party Barisan Nasional - Yang Di-Pertua Negeri Tuan Yang Terutama Abdul Rahman bin Haji Abbas - Ketua Menteri Tan Sri Dr. Koh Tsu Koon History - Ceded by... Motto: Perpaduan Sendi Kekuatan Country Malaysia State Selangor Establishment 1643 Granted Municipal Status 1977, January 1st Government - Administered by Majlis Perbandaran Klang (Klang Municipal Council) - Yang diPertua (Councillor) Y. Bhg. ... This article is about the state in Malaysia. ... Penang Hokkien is a local variant of Minnan (Southern Min) spoken in Penang, Malaysia. ... Nickname: Motto: Maju dan makmur (English: Progress and Prosper) Location in Malaysia Coordinates: , Country State Establishment 1857 Granted city status 1974 Government - Mayor (Datuk Bandar) Datuk Abdul Hakim Borhan From 14 December 2006 Area - Total 243. ... This article does not adequately cite its references. ... Nickname: Coordinates: , Country State Establishment Around 1880 Government - Mayor Mohamad Rafiai Moktar Area - City 643 kmÂ² (248. ... This article is about all of the Cantonese (Yue) dialects. ... For other uses, see Hakka (disambiguation). ... This article is on all of the Northern and Southwestern Chinese dialects. ... East Malaysia comprises Sabah and Sarawak East Malaysia consists of the Malaysian states of Sabah and Sarawak, located on the island of Borneo to the east, across the South China Sea from Peninsular Malaysia which is located on the Malay Peninsula. ... Borneo is the third largest island in the world and is located at the centre of Maritime Southeast Asia. ... Sibu is a town, and the capital of Sibu District (2,229. ... Location in Sabah and Malaysia Country Malaysia State Sandakan Establishment Government - Council President Dr Yeo Boon Hai Area - City 2,266 kmÂ² (875 sq mi) Population (2006) - City 427,200 - Density 184/kmÂ² (488/sq mi) Time zone MST (UTC+8) - Summer (DST) Not observed (UTC) Website: http://www. ...

Modern movements to unify and organize Malaysian, Singaporean and Indonesian Chinese communities introduced Standard Mandarin as the language of diaspora ethnic nationalism. Map of eastern China and Taiwan, showing the historic distribution of Mandarin Chinese in light brown. ...

Population by dialect group

The number of Chinese speakers has increased from 2,667,452 in 1957 to 5,365,846 in year 2000 ^[1], comprising 26% of total population in Malaysia. The Chinese community in Malaysia can be divided into the following dialect groups ^[2]: Map of Linguistic Groups (showing areas under effective control of the Peoples Republic of China (including Hong Kong and Macau) and Republic of China combined) Chinas many different ethnic groups speak many different languages, collectively called ZhÅngguÃ³ YÇ”wÃ©n (ä¸å›½è¯æ–‡), literally speech and writing of China which...

Mǐn Nán (Chinese: 閩南語), also spelt as Minnan or Min-nan; native name Bân-lâm-gú; literally means Southern Min or Southern Fujian and refers to the local language/dialect of southern Fujian province, China. ... Hakka (Simplified Chinese: å®¢å®¶è¯, Traditional Chinese: å®¢å®¶è©±, Pronunciation in Hakka: Hak-ka-fa/-va, Pinyin: KÃ¨jiÄhuÃ ) is a spoken variation of the Chinese language spoken predominantly in southern China by the Hakka ethnic group and descendants in diaspora throughout East and Southeast Asia and around the world. ... This article is about all of the Cantonese (Yue) dialects. ... The Chaozhou language, also called Teochew, Teochiu, Tiuchiu, or Diojiu, is a dialect of the Chinese spoken variant of Minnan é–©å—, spoken in the Chaoshan æ½®æ±• region of eastern Guangdong å»£æ±. // Chaozhou is a member of the Southern Min or Minnan dialect group, which in turn constitutes one of the seven major dialect... Alternative Chinese name Traditional Chinese: Simplified Chinese: Fuzhou dialect (ç¦å·žè©±), also known as Foochow, Foochow dialect, Fuzhouhua or Foochowese, is considered the standard dialect of Min Dong, which is a branch of Chinese mainly spoken in the eastern part of Fujian Province. ... Hainanese (æµ·å—è©±) or Qiongwen (ç¼æ–‡ç‰‡) is a variant of the Min Nan group of Chinese spoken in the southern Chinese island province of Hainan. ... Pinghua (平話/平话), also Guangxi Nanning, is a subdivision of spoken Chinese. ... Xiang (湘語/湘语), also Hunan, Hunanese, or Hsiang, is a subdivision of spoken Chinese. ... Hinghwa (å…´åŒ–è©±) or Putian (èŽ†ç”°è©±) is a Chinese dialect. ...

Education

While public education remains free and accessible to all citizens of Malaysia, there are several types of schools available for Malaysians to choose from to be educated from primary levels up to tertiary levels. There are known to be three types of schools with their language of instructions where education is delivered: Malay, Mandarin (Chinese), and Tamil. Each of these medium of instructions signifies the three major races that exists in Malaysia and peculiar to the Western Malaysian communities. It is common for a Malaysian Chinese to be either Chinese, English or Malay educated.

The Malaysian Chinese communities, therefore, usually have a choice to send their children to either Chinese schools or Malay schools. Whichever schools they went to, the Malay language must be taught as a compulsory subject, if the language of instruction is not already in Malay.

Chinese educated

A large segment of the Chinese population living in Malaysia is predominantly Chinese-speaking, they are commonly known as the "Chinese-educated". Malaysia is also one of two countries outside mainland China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau, to have a completely Chinese-medium education system. Canada is the other country, but such schools are usually private schools. There are roughly 1,300 Chinese public primary schools (national-type schools) in Malaysia that are all partially government funded (where the wages of teachers are paid by the government while the up-keeping of school buildings is funded by local communities in forms of donations). The Chinese national-type school received less than 3% of total fundings for all primary schools. Mandarin is the language of instruction for all subjects except in Malay and English language classes. In the 1960s, all but 16 of the Chinese secondary schools had received government funding and had been converted into National Secondary Schools (Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan)^{[citation needed]}, but the term "National-type Secondary Schools" is used internally until today to show that they were once Chinese Schools. They first used English but later on used Bahasa Malaysia as the language of instruction. Today, there are 60 Chinese secondary schools that are supported financially mostly by the public. These are called Chinese Independent High Schools. Mandarin is the main language of instruction in these private schools except Bahasa Malaysia and English, but some schools use either Malay or English in selected subjects. In 2004, according to statistical data, 90% of all Malaysian Chinese attend Chinese primary schools (The figure was around 70% in 1970). Among the 600,000 Chinese primary school students, roughly 10% are of non-Chinese descent. On the other hand, 90% of Chinese primary school graduates continue their secondary studies in public secondary schools (both national and national-type), while the remaining 10% go to Chinese private secondary schools.^{[citation needed]} There are also three privately owned post-secondary institutes in Malaysia where the language of instruction is Mandarin. ^{[citation needed]} ... Photo of Hin Hua High School (Chinese: å…´åŽä¸å¦), a modern Chinese Independent High School in Klang, Selangor. ... Not to be confused with the Malayalam language, spoken in India. ...

English educated

A sizeable group of Malaysian Chinese speak English as a first language (something carried over from the British colonial days). They speak English at home, and make it a point to immerse and educate their children in the English language. Like their counterparts in Singapore, they are known as the "English-educated" although the term is something of an anachronism. Most of these "English-educated" Chinese are unable to read and write in Chinese.

Unlike in Singapore, English has not been used as a language of instruction in Malaysia (except in private institutions and urban schools) since it was phased out the 1970s and 1980s in favor of Malay. Although there are English medium schools in Malaysia that provide an education based on a British or US-based curriculum, these cater to expatriate children. However, as of 2002, the Malaysian government has reintroduced English as the language of instruction for Science and Mathematics in national secondary schools and universities. Not to be confused with the Malayalam language, spoken in India. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... A magnet levitating above a high-temperature superconductor demonstrates the Meissner effect. ... For other meanings of mathematics or uses of math and maths, see Mathematics (disambiguation) and Math (disambiguation). ...

While "proper" English is generally spoken and understood among Malaysian Chinese, a common form used is a patois called Manglish (Malaysian English). Manglish is very similar to Singlish (Singaporean English). Manglish speakers typically understand 80-90% of Singlish and vice versa. See British and Malaysian English differences. Unless specifically Manglish or Singlish terms are used in a conversation, it can be difficult even for native speakers to differentiate the two as the intonation and most terms (especially the infamous lah) are common. Singaporean television sitcoms such as Phua Chu Kang and Under One Roof that make use of Singlish are popular in Malaysia. The Singapore government has tried to reduce the use of Singlish in these serials, with visible success. Patois, although without a formal definition in linguistics, can be used to describe a language considered as nonstandard. ... Manglish (or sometimes Malglish or Mangled English) is the colloquial version of the English language as spoken in Malaysia and it is a portmanteau of the word Malay and English (also possibly Mandarin and English). ... Manglish (or sometimes Malglish or Mangled English) is the colloquial version of the English language as spoken in Malaysia and it is a portmanteau of the word Malay and English (also possibly Mandarin and English). ... Singlish is an English-based creole language native to Singapore. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Phua Chu Kang Pte Ltd, also known as PCK Pte Ltd or Phua Chu Kang for short, is a Singaporean sitcom on MediaCorp TV Channel 5. ... The Under One Roof Cast Under One Roof (Chinese: åŒåœ¨å±‹ç°·ä¸‹) is a television programme in Singapore. ...

New immigrants and old immigrants

The new immigrants who have not learned the colonial trading language of English are often jealous of the older immigrants who have integrated into an English-speaking colonial system. As such, the majority of Chinese-speaking immigrants often attack the older immigrants in British Civil Service using derogatory cultural remarks, a typical intra-racial infighting that explained the weak national identifications and identities that gave foreign colonization under British power an upper-hand. The essentially ironical but racist term banana ^[4] (Pinyin: Xiāng jiāo rén; Chinese: 香蕉人), "white on the inside, yellow on the outside" was invented. The ungrammatical construction of the term reflects its linguistic origin and basis - from various dialects. However, with development of Greater China's economy, this intra-racial infighting is reducing because many of the English-educated families sent their children to learn Chinese language.

Regional community

The Malaysian Chinese community was intricately linked to the Singaporean Chinese community because of a shared history and culture. Singapore was a part of the Federation of Malaysia before it became independent in 1965. Many Singaporean Chinese have relatives in Malaysia and vice-versa. There are also a significant number of Malaysian Chinese residing and working in Singapore. Some families in nearby Johor send their children (around 5,000 of them) to school in Singapore, commuting back and forth between the two countries every day. Chinatown was an enclave for the early Chinese immigrants in Singapore in the 19th and early 20th centuries. ...

On that same note, the Malaysian Chinese are culturally much more distant from the Indonesian Chinese, Filipino Chinese and Thai Chinese. This is attributable to the fact that these countries did not have a shared history with Malaysia like Singapore did. It has been suggested that The Indonesian Ethnic Chinese and the view of nationhood be merged into this article or section. ... A Chinese Filipino (Simplified Chinese: åŽè²; Traditional Chinese: è¯è²; Hanyu Pinyin: HuÃ¡fÄ“i; Hokkien: HuÇŽhÅ«i; Cantonese: Waafei; Tagalog/Filipino: Tsinoy (pronounced Ê§ÉªnÉ”j) derived from two words: Tsino (meaning Chinese) and Pinoy (the slang word for Filipino) is a person with Chinese blood born in the Philippines. ... The Thai Chinese is a group of overseas Chinese born in Thailand. ...

The entire Southeast Asian Chinese diaspora is characterized by their considerable economic fortunes and their susceptibility to discrimination or political exploitation by politicians. This diaspora is commonly referred to as the Nanyang Chinese, 'Nanyang' (南洋) being the Mandarin term for Southeast Asia. Location of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. ... Nanyang (Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is the Chinese name for the geographical region south of China, particularly Southeast Asia. ...

Religion

A majority of the Chinese in Malaysia claim to be Buddhist or Taoist, though the lines between them are often blurred and, typically, a syncretic Chinese religion incorporating elements of Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism and traditional ancestor-worship is practised, with the fact that each individual follows it in varying degrees. About 9.6% are Christian (Mainstream Protestants, Catholics and other denominations including a fast-growing number of Evangelicals and Charismatics) and a small number (0.7%) profess Islam as their faith. There is quite a significant number of Christians among the Chinese population in East Malaysia ^[5]. Picture of Malaysian Chinese shrine of Na Tuk Kong. ... A statue of the Sakyamuni Buddha in Tawang Gompa, India. ... Taoism (or Daoism) is the English name referring to a variety of related Chinese philosophical traditions and concepts. ... A statue of the Sakyamuni Buddha in Tawang Gompa, India. ... Taoism (or Daoism) is the English name referring to a variety of related Chinese philosophical traditions and concepts. ... A Confucian temple in Wuwei, Peoples Republic of China. ... Offerings to ancestors graves can include the burning of incense. ... For other uses, see Christian (disambiguation). ... Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ... Topics in Christianity Movements Â· Denominations Ecumenism Â· Preaching Â· Prayer Music Â· Liturgy Â· Calendar Symbols Â· Art Â· Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul Â· Church Fathers Constantine Â· Athanasius Â· Augustine Anselm Â· Aquinas Â· Palamas Â· Luther Calvin Â· Wesley Arius Â· Marcion of Sinope Pope Â· Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box: The word evangelicalism often refers to... For a description of the personality trait, see Charismatic authority. ... For people named Islam, see Islam (name). ...

Food

Since there are three main ethnic groups in Malaysia, there are also inherently three distinct cuisines unique to only these ethnic groups. Most, if not all, of Malaysian Chinese enjoy all types of food not limiting to their own, which is commonly known as Malaysian Chinese food. There are, however, some limitations to what certain Malaysian Chinese can eat owing to their beliefs and/or religion. Malaysian cuisine reflects the multi-racial aspects of Malaysia. ... Cuisine (from French cuisine, cooking; culinary art; kitchen; ultimately from Latin coquere, to cook) is a specific set of cooking traditions and practices, often associated with a specific culture. ... Malaysian cuisine reflects the multi-racial aspects of Malaysia. ...

Cultural differences

There exist some degrees of differences in the Malaysian Chinese culture compared to that of China. Some traditional festivals celebrated by the Chinese community in Malaysia are no longer celebrated in China after the Chinese Cultural Revolution. This is especially true of regional rites and rituals that are still celebrated by the Malaysian descendants of the peasant migrants from China. Some have attributed the traditional practices of Malaysian Chinese to "a little backwater of Chinese culture as it was in China 80 years ago" ^[6]. This article is about the Peoples Republic of China. ... In a detail of Brueghels Land of Cockaigne (1567) a soft-boiled egg has little feet to rush to the luxuriating peasant who catches drops of honey on his tongue, while roast pigs roam wild: in fact, hunger and harsh winters were realities for the average European in the...

There are also significant differences in the way the Chinese language is spoken among the Chinese community in Malaysia. One notable example is how the Minnan or Hokkien dialect is spoken in Penang and even in parts of Indonesia like Medan. The variant spoken is influenced by Malay and English vocabulary and forms and is commonly referred to as Penang Hokkien. Mǐn Nán (Chinese: 閩南語), also spelt as Minnan or Min-nan; native name Bân-lâm-gú; literally means Southern Min or Southern Fujian and refers to the local language/dialect of southern Fujian province, China. ... Mǐn N n (Chinese: 閩南語), also spelt as Minnan or Min-nan; native name B ; literally means Southern Min or Southern Fujian and refers to the local language/dialect of southern Fujian province, China. ... State motto: Bersatu dan Setia (United and Loyal) (formerly Let Penang Lead) State anthem: Untuk Negeri Kita (For Our State) Capital George Town Ruling party Barisan Nasional - Yang Di-Pertua Negeri Tuan Yang Terutama Abdul Rahman bin Haji Abbas - Ketua Menteri Tan Sri Dr. Koh Tsu Koon History - Ceded by... For other uses, see Medan (disambiguation). ... Not to be confused with the Malayalam language, spoken in India. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Penang Hokkien is a local variant of Minnan (Southern Min) spoken in Penang, Malaysia. ...

1971 National Culture Policy

Malaysian Chinese Culture is intimately linked to the "1971 National Culture Policy" of Malaysia. ^[7] It defines 3 principles as guidelines for 'national culture':

Celebration of festivities

Festivals of Malaysia Malay Festivals: Hari Raya Puasa Hari Raya Haji Chinese Festivals: Li Chun (Beginning of Spring) Yuan Dan (New Years Day) Birthday of Jade Emperor (Tian Gong Dan / Tnee Kong Seh) Yuan Xiao (Lantern festival) Qing Ming (Tomb Sweeping Day) Wesak Birthday of Kuan Yin Duan Wu...

Prominent Malaysian Chinese

This is a list of prominent Malaysian Chinese people, categorised by profession. ...

Encyclopedia > Malaysian Chinese

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