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Mario José Molina Henríquez (born March 19, 1943) was awarded the 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his role in elucidating the threat to the Earth's ozone layer of chlorofluorocarbon gases (or CFCs). This Nobel Prize was shared with Paul J. Crutzen and F. Sherwood Rowland. Mario Molina became the first and only Mexican to ever receive a Nobel Prize for science. Until recently he was an Institute Professor in the Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences at MIT. Molina was born in Mexico City, son of Roberto Molina Pasquel, a lawyer and diplomat, and Leonor Henríquez de Molina. Image File history File links Mario_molina. ...
is the 78th day of the year (79th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Mexico City (Spanish: Ciudad de México) is the federal capital of and largest city in Mexico. ...
DF or df may stand for: df (Unix), a Unix command to report disk space usage by filesystem Danish Peoples Party (Dansk Folkeparti) Direction finding, a technique used to locate a radio transmitter Distrito Federal, e. ...
Image File history File links Flag_of_Mexico. ...
For other uses, see Chemistry (disambiguation). ...
The University of California, Irvine is a public, coeducational university situated in suburban Irvine, California. ...
For the singer/songwriter, see Jon Peter Lewis. ...
California Institute of Technology The California Institute of Technology (commonly known as Caltech) is a private, coeducational university located in Pasadena, California, in the United States. ...
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UNAM redirects here. ...
For other uses, see CFC (disambiguation). ...
Atmosphere diagram showing stratosphere. ...
This is a list of Nobel Prize laureates in Chemistry from 1901 to 2006. ...
The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ...
The Pontifical Academy of Sciences was founded in 1936 under its current name by Pope Pius XI and is placed under the protection of the reigning Supreme Pontiff (the current Pope). ...
is the 78th day of the year (79th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
This is a list of Nobel Prize laureates in Chemistry from 1901 to 2006. ...
The ozone layer is a layer in Earths atmosphere which contains relatively high concentrations of ozone (O3). ...
Possible meanings: Certified Financial Consultant Chelsea Football Club Child and Family Canada Chlorofluorocarbon Combined Federal Campaign haloalkane This page concerning a three-letter acronym or abbreviation is a disambiguation pageâa list of articles associated with the same title. ...
Paul J. Crutzen (December 3rd, 1933 - ) is a Dutch nobel prize winning atmospheric chemist. ...
Frank Sherwood Rowland (born June 28, 1927) is a Nobel laureate and a professor of chemistry at the University of California, Irvine. ...
At the Massachusetts Institute of Technology the title of Institute Professor is given to a small number of members of the faculty with extraordinary records of achievement. ...
âMITâ redirects here. ...
Nickname: Motto: Capital en movimiento Location of Mexico City in south central Mexico Coordinates: , Country Federal entity Boroughs The 16 delegaciones Founded c. ...
Molina earned a bachelor's degree in chemical engineering at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico in 1965, a postgraduate degree from the University of Freiburg, West Germany in 1967 and a doctoral degree in chemistry from UC Berkeley, California in 1972. In 1974, as a postdoctoral researcher at UC Irvine, he and Rowland co-authored a paper in the journal Nature highlighting the threat of CFCs to the ozone layer in the stratosphere. At the time, CFCs were widely used as chemical propellants and refrigerants. Initial indifference from the academic community prompted the pair to hold a press conference at a meeting of the American Chemical Society in Atlantic City in September 1974, in which they called for a complete ban on further releases of CFCs into the atmosphere. Scepticism from scientists and commercial manufacturers persisted, however, and a consensus on the need for action only began to emerge in 1976 with the publication of a review of the science by the National Academy of Sciences. This led to moves towards the worldwide elimination of CFCs from aerosol cans and refrigerators, and it is for this work that Molina later shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Chemical engineering is the branch of engineering that deals with the application of physical science (e. ...
UNAM redirects here. ...
Location of Freiburg in Germany. ...
Sather tower (the Campanile) looking out over the San Francisco Bay and Mount Tamalpais. ...
Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Largest metro area Greater Los Angeles Area Ranked 3rd - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²) - Width 250 miles (400 km) - Length 770 miles (1,240 km) - % water 4. ...
The University of California, Irvine is a public, coeducational university situated in suburban Irvine, California. ...
Frank Sherwood Rowland (born June 28, 1927) is a Nobel laureate and a professor of chemistry at the University of California, Irvine. ...
Nature is a prominent scientific journal, first published on 4 November 1869. ...
Atmosphere diagram showing stratosphere. ...
A chemical substance is any material substance used in or obtained by a process in chemistry: A chemical compound is a substance consisting of two or more chemical elements that are chemically combined in fixed proportions. ...
A propellant is a material that is used to move an object by applying a motive force. ...
Refrigeration is the process of removing heat from an enclosed space, or from a substance, and rejecting it elsewhere for the primary purpose of lowering the temperature of the enclosed space or substance and then maintaining that lower temperature. ...
The American Chemical Society (ACS) is a learned society (professional association) based in the United States that supports scientific inquiry in the field of chemistry. ...
Alternate meanings: See Atlantic City (disambiguation) Atlantic City is a city located in USA. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 40,517. ...
President Harding and the National Academy of Sciences at the White House, Washington, DC, April 1921 The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) is a corporation in the United States whose members serve pro bono as advisers to the nation on science, engineering, and medicine. ...
This is a list of Nobel Prize laureates in Chemistry from 1901 to 2006. ...
Mario Molina married his second wife, Guadalupe Álvarez, in February 2006. Between 1974 and 2004 he variously held research and teaching posts at UC Irvine, the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory at Caltech, and at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. On July 1, 2004 Molina joined the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at UCSD and the Center for Atmospheric Sciences at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. The University of California, Irvine is a public, coeducational university situated in suburban Irvine, California. ...
UNAM redirects here. ...
For the singer/songwriter, see Jon Peter Lewis. ...
California Institute of Technology The California Institute of Technology (commonly known as Caltech) is a private, coeducational university located in Pasadena, California, in the United States. ...
âMITâ redirects here. ...
The University of California, San Diego (popularly known as UCSD) is a public, coeducational university located in La Jolla, California. ...
Scripps Institution of Oceanography pier Scripps Institution of Oceanography (sometimes referred to as SIO, Scripps Oceanography or just Scripps) in La Jolla, California, is one of the oldest and largest centers for ocean and earth science research, graduate training, and public service in the world. ...
Molina is a member of the Pontifical Academy of Science, the National Academy of Sciences, and the Institute of Medicine. He serves on the boards of several environmental organizations, and also sits on a number of scientific committees including the U.S. President's Committee of Advisors in Science and Technology. The Pontifical Academy of Sciences was founded in 1936 under its current name by Pope Pius XI and is placed under the protection of the reigning Supreme Pontiff (the current Pope). ...
President Harding and the National Academy of Sciences at the White House, Washington, DC, April 1921 The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) is a corporation in the United States whose members serve pro bono as advisers to the nation on science, engineering, and medicine. ...
The Institute of Medicine, a part of the National Academy of Sciences, is an American organization whose purpose is to provide national advice on issues relating to biomedical science, medicine, and health (National Academy of Sciences, n. ...
Mario Molina is regarded as one of the three most important Mexican chemists, together with Andres Manuel del Rio discoverer of vanadium and Luis E. Miramontes inventor of the first oral contraceptive pill. Andr s Manuel Del R o (10 November 1764—23 March 1849) was a Mexican chemist who discovered vanadium in 1801. ...
General Name, symbol, number vanadium, V, 23 Chemical series transition metals Group, period, block 5, 4, d Appearance silver-grey metal Standard atomic weight 50. ...
Luis E. Miramontes ca. ...
The Pill redirects here. ...
In 2002 Molina received an Honoris Causa Degree from the Universidad de las Américas, Puebla, in Cholula,Puebla, Mexico. He has received more than 18 honorary degrees. Asteroid 9680 Molina is named in his honor. [1] The Universidad de las Américas, whose official name is Fundación Universidad de las Américas, Puebla (also known as UDLA or UDLAP), is one of the most important private universities in Mexico. ...
The Roman Catholic church of Nuestra Señora de los Remedios overlooks the town of Cholula from atop the Great Pyramid. ...
The Mexican state of Puebla is located in the center of the country, to the east of Mexico City. ...
253 Mathilde, a C-type asteroid. ...
A short biography of Mario Molina is found in "Oxford Dictionary of Scientists" by Oxford University Press, 1999. This article is about the year. ...
References
- MJ Molina and FS Rowland "Stratospheric Sink for Chlorofluoromethanes: Chlorine Atom-Catalysed Destruction of Ozone" Nature 249 (28 June 1974):810-2 doi:10.1038/249810a0
- An Environmental Fairy Tale: the Molina-Rowland Chemical Equations and the CFC problem. Aisling Irwin in It Must Be Beautiful: Great Equations of Modern Science, edited by Graham Farmelo (Granta, 2002)
External links - Nobel Institute 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
- Nobel Institute Autobiography
- Interview
- Biography (Spanish)
| Nobel Prize in Chemistry Laureates | William Lipscomb (1976) • Ilya Prigogine (1977) • Peter D. Mitchell (1978) • Herbert C. Brown / Georg Wittig (1979) • Paul Berg / Walter Gilbert / Frederick Sanger (1980) • Kenichi Fukui / Roald Hoffmann (1981) • Aaron Klug (1982) • Henry Taube (1983) • Robert Merrifield (1984) • Herbert A. Hauptman / Jerome Karle (1985) • Dudley R. Herschbach / Yuan T. Lee / John Polanyi (1986) • Donald J. Cram / Jean-Marie Lehn / Charles J. Pedersen (1987) • Johann Deisenhofer / Robert Huber / Hartmut Michel (1988) • Sidney Altman / Thomas Cech (1989) • Elias Corey (1990) • Richard R. Ernst (1991) • Rudolph A. Marcus (1992) • Kary Mullis / Michael Smith (1993) • George Olah (1994) • Paul J. Crutzen / Mario J. Molina / Frank Rowland (1995) • Robert Curl / Harold Kroto / Richard Smalley (1996) • Paul D. Boyer / John E. Walker / Jens Christian Skou (1997) • Walter Kohn / John Pople (1998) • Ahmed Zewail (1999) • Alan J. Heeger / Alan MacDiarmid / Hideki Shirakawa (2000) This is a list of Nobel Prize laureates in Chemistry from 1901 to 2006. ...
Winners of the Nobel Prize are scientists, writers and peacemakers who have been awarded in their field of endeavour, and who are known collectively as either Nobel laureates or Nobel Prize winners. ...
William Nunn Lipscomb, Jr. ...
Ilya Prigogine (January 25, 1917 â May 28, 2003) was a Belgian physicist and chemist noted for his work on dissipative structures, complex systems, and irreversibility. ...
Peter Dennis Mitchell (September 29, 1920âApril 10, 1992)[1] was a British biochemist who was awarded the 1978 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his discovery of the chemiosmotic mechanism of ATP synthesis. ...
Herbert Charles Brown (May 22, 1912 â December 19, 2004) was a chemist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1979 (along with Georg Wittig) for his work with organoboranes. ...
Georg Wittig (June 16, 1897 in Berlin (Germany) - August 26, 1987) was a german chemist who reported a method for synthesis of alkenes from aldehydes and ketones using compounds called phosphonium ylides. ...
Paul Berg, born June 30, 1926 in Brooklyn, New York, USA, is an American biochemist and professor emeritus at Stanford University. ...
Walter Gilbert Walter Gilbert (born March 21, 1932) is an American physicist, biochemist,and molecular biology pioneer. ...
Frederick Sanger, OM, CH, CBE, FRS (born 13 August 1918) is an English biochemist and a two time Nobel laureate in chemistry. ...
Kenichi Fukui (ç¦äºè¬ä¸ Fukui Kenichi, October 4, 1918 â January 9, 1998) was a Japanese chemist. ...
Roald Hoffmann (born July 18, 1937 as Roald Safran --- Hoffmann is the surname of his stepfather) is an American theoretical chemist of Polish-Jewish origin. ...
Sir Aaron Klug, OM, FRS (born 11 August 1926 in Zelvas, Lithuania) is a Lithuanian-born British chemist and biophysicist, and winner of the 1982 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his development of crystallographic electron microscopy and his structural elucidation of biologically important nucleic acid-protein complexes. ...
Professor Henry Taube, Ph. ...
Robert Bruce Merrifield (July 15, 1921 â May 14, 2006) was an American biochemist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1984. ...
Dr. Herbert A. Hauptman (born February 14, 1917) is a world renowned American mathematician and Nobel laureate. ...
Jerome Karle is an American physical chemist. ...
Dudley Robert Herschbach (born June 18, 1932), a chemist and Frank B. Baird Jr. ...
Yuan Tseh Lee (Chinese: æé å² Pinyin: LÇ YuÇnzhé, Wade-Giles: Li³ Yüan³-che²) (born November 19, 1936) is a famous chemist. ...
John Charles Polanyi (born January 23, 1929) is a Canadian chemist. ...
Donald James Cram (April 22, 1919 â June 17, 2001) was an American chemist who shared the 1987 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for âsynthesizing three-dimensional molecules that could mimic the functioning of natural molecules. ...
Jean-Marie Lehn (born September 30, 1939) is a French chemist. ...
Charles J. Pedersen (October 3, 1904âOctober 26, 1989) was an American organic chemist best known for describing methods of synthesizing crown ethers. ...
Johann Deisenhofer (born September 30, 1943) is a German biochemist who, along with Hartmut Michel and Robert Huber, received the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1988 for their determination of the structure of a membrane-bound complex of proteins and co-factors that is essential to photosynthesis. ...
Robert Huber is a German biochemist and Nobel laureate. ...
Hartmut Michel is a German biochemist and Nobel Laureate. ...
Sidney Altman Sidney Altman (born May 7, 1939) is a Canadian-born molecular biologist, who is currently the Sterling Professor of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and Chemistry at Yale University. ...
Thomas R. Cech was born on December 8, 1947 in Chicago. ...
Elias James Corey (born July 12, 1928) is an American organic chemist. ...
Richard Robert Ernst (born August 14, 1933) is a Swiss physical chemist and Nobel Laureate. ...
Rudolph A. Marcus in 2005 Rudolph Rudy Arthur Marcus (born July 21, 1923) received the 1992 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his theory of electron transfer. ...
Kary Banks Mullis, Ph. ...
Michael Smith, CC, OBC (April 26, 1932 â October 4, 2000) was a British-born Canadian biochemist who was the 1993 Nobel Prize winner in Chemistry. ...
George Andrew Olah (born May 22, 1927, Budapest, Hungary, as Oláh György) is a Hungarian-born American chemist. ...
Paul J. Crutzen (December 3rd, 1933 - ) is a Dutch nobel prize winning atmospheric chemist. ...
Frank Sherwood Rowland (born June 28, 1927) is a Nobel laureate and a professor of chemistry at the University of California, Irvine. ...
Robert Floyd Curl, Jr. ...
Harold Kroto Sir Harold Walter Kroto, FRS (born 7 October 1939) is an English chemist and one of the winners of the 1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. ...
Richard Errett Smalley Richard Errett Smalley (June 6, 1943 â October 28, 2005) was the Gene and Norman Hackerman Professor of Chemistry and a Professor of Physics and Astronomy at Rice University, in Houston, Texas. ...
Paul Delos Boyer (born July 31, 1918) is an American biochemist. ...
John Ernest Walker (born January 7, 1941) is an English chemist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1997. ...
Jens Christian Skou (born October 8, 1918) is a Danish chemist and Nobel laureate. ...
A banner on a light pole in the University of California, Santa Barbara, commemorating that Walter Kohn won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1998. ...
Sir John Anthony Pople, FRS, (October 31, 1925 â March 15, 2004) was a theoretical chemist. ...
Ahmed Hassan Zewail (Arabic: Ø£ØÙ
د ØØ³Ù زÙÙÙ) (born February 26, 1946 in Damanhur, Egypt) is an Egyptian American scientist, and the winner of the 1999 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on femtochemistry. ...
Alan Jay Heeger (born 22 January 1936 in Sioux City, Iowa) is a United States chemistry and physics academic and Nobel Prize winner. ...
Alan Graham MacDiarmid ONZ, (born April 24, 1927) is a chemist. ...
Professor Hideki Shirakawa ç½å· è±æ¨¹ Shirakawa Hideki, born in Tokyo on August 20, 1936) is a Japanese chemist and winner of the 2000 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his discovery of conductive polymers together with Alan J. Heeger and Alan G MacDiarmid. ...
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