Mikhail Sholokhov (left) and Vasily Shukshin (right)

Mikhail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov (Russian: Михаи́л Алекса́ндрович Шо́лохов) (May 24, 1905 (Old Style May 11) - February 21, 1984) was a Soviet/Russian novelist. Image File history File links Sholohov_and_shukshin. ... Image File history File links Sholohov_and_shukshin. ... Vasily Makarovich Shukshin (Russian: Васи́лий Макарович Шукшин; 25 July 1929 – 2 October 1974) was a notable Russian actor. ... Jump to: navigation, search May 24 is the 144th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (145th in leap years). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1905 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search May 11 is the 131st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (132nd in leap years). ... Jump to: navigation, search February 21 is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search This page is about the year 1984. ... Jump to: navigation, search State motto (Russian): Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь! (Transliterated: Proletarii vsekh stran, soedinyaytes!) (Translated: Workers of the world, unite!) Capital Moscow Official language None; Russian (de facto) Government Federation of Socialist republics/ Communist state Area  - Total  - % water Largest on the planet 22,402,200 km² ?% Population  - Total  - Density 3rd before collapse...

Life and Work

Born in the Kamenskaya region of Russia (Kruzhlinin hamlet, part of stanitsa Veshenskaya, former Region of the Don Cossack Army) known as the "land of the Cossacks", his father was a Russian of the lower middle class who had many occupations, such as farming, cattle trading, and milling. Sholokhov's mother came from an Ukrainian peasant stock and was the widow of a Cossack. She was illiterate but learned to read and write in order to correspond with her son. Sholokhov attended schools in Kargin, Moscow, Boguchar, and Veshenskaia until 1918, when he joined the side of the revolutionaries in the civil war. He was only 13 years old. Don Cossacks refers to cossacks that settled along the Don River, Russia it its lower and middle parts. ... This article needs cleanup. ... Farming, ploughing rice paddy, in Indonesia Agriculture is the process of producing food, feed, fiber and other desired products by cultivation of certain plants and the raising of domesticated animals (livestock). ... A Miller is a person who operates a mill for grinding material and usually refers to one who grinds a cereal crop to make flour. ... In a detail of Brueghels Land of Cockaigne (1567) a soft-boiled egg has little feet to rush to the luxuriating peasant who catches drops of honey on his tongue, while roast pigs roam wild: the 16th century was a good time for European peasants A peasant, from 15th... Jump to: navigation, search Moscow (Russian: Москва́, Moskva, IPA: listen ▶(?)) is the capital of Russia, located on the river Moskva. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... The Russian Civil War was fought between 1918 and 1922. ...

Sholokhov began writing at 17. The Birthmark, Sholokhov's first story, appeared when he was 19. In 1922 Sholokhov moved to Moscow to become a journalist, but he had to support himself by doing manual labour. He was a stevedore, stonemason, and accountant (1922-1924), but also intermittently participated in writers "seminars". His first work to appear in print was the satirical article A Test (1922). Jump to: navigation, search 1922 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search Moscow (Russian: Москва́, Moskva, IPA: listen ▶(?)) is the capital of Russia, located on the river Moskva. ... Jump to: navigation, search A journalist is a person who practices journalism, the gathering and dissemination of information about current events, trends, issues and people. ... A stevedore is a person who works at loading or unloading a ship. ... A stonemason is a craftsman who works in stone. ... Accountancy (British English) or accounting (American English) is the process of maintaining, auditing, and processing financial information for business purposes. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1922 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1924 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1922 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...

In 1924 Sholokhov returned to Veshesnkaya and devoted himself entirely to writing. In the same year he married Mariia Petrovna Gromoslavskaia; they had two daughters and two sons. Jump to: navigation, search 1924 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ...

His first book Tales from the Don (1926), a volume of stories about the Cossacks of his native region during World War I and the Russian Civil War, won him the 1965 Nobel Prize for Literature. In the same year Sholokhov began writing And Quiet Flows the Don (earned Stalin Prize), which took him fourteen years to complete (1928-1940). It became the most read work of Soviet fiction and was heralded as a powerful example of Socialist Realism. Virgin Soil Upturned (earned Lenin Prize), written in two parts (Seeds of Tomorrow (1932) and Harvest on the Don (1960)) took 28 years to complete and reflects life during collectivization in the Don area. The short story The Fate of a Man (1957) was made into a popular Russian film and his unfinished novel They Fought for Their Country is about the Great Patriotic War. Jump to: navigation, search 1926 was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search World War I was primarily a European conflict with many facets: immense human sacrifice, stalemate trench warfare, and the use of new, devastating weapons - tanks, aircraft, machineguns, and poison gas. ... The Russian Civil War was fought between 1918 and 1922. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1965 was a common year starting on Friday (link goes to calendar). ... The Nobel Prize in literature is awarded annually to an author from any country who has produced the most outstanding work of an idealistic tendency. The work in this case generally refers to an authors work as a whole, not to any individual work, though individual works are sometimes... The USSR State Prize (Russian:Госуда́рственная пре́мия СССР) was the Soviet Unions highest civilian honour. ... Jump to: navigation, search Roses for Stalin, Boris Vladimirski, 1949 Socialist realism is a teleologically-oriented style of realistic art which has as its purpose the furtherance of the goals of socialism and communism. ... Lenin Prize (Russian: Ле́нинская пре́мия) was one of the highest awards in the Soviet Union. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1932 is a leap year starting on a Friday. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1960 was a leap year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Rivers Don River, Russia, one of the main rivers of Russia. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1957 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Eastern Front1 was the theatre of combat between Nazi Germany and its allies against the Soviet Union during World War II. It was somewhat separate from the other theatres of the war, not only geographically, but also for its scale and ferocity. ...

During World War II Sholokhov wrote about the Soviet war efforts for various journals. Jump to: navigation, search World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrinations, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons such as the atom bomb World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a mid-20th-century conflict that...

His collected works was published in eight volumes between 1956 and 1960. Jump to: navigation, search 1956 was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1960 was a leap year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Sholokhov has been accused, by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn among others, of plagiarizing And Quiet Flows the Don. The evidence was largely circumstantial: Sholokhov's age at the time of its composition and, in particular, the gulf in quality between his masterpiece and his other works. To complicate matters, Sholokhov could produce no rough drafts of Don, claiming that they had been destroyed by the Germans during World War II. A 1984 monograph by Geir Kjetsaa and others demonstrated through computer study that Sholokhov was indeed the likely author of Don. And in 1987, several thousand pages of notes and drafts of the work were discovered and authenticated. Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn Aleksandr Isayevich Solzhenitsyn (Russian: ), born December 11, 1918, in Kislovodsk, Russia, is a novelist and winner of the 1970 Nobel Prize for Literature. ...

Party and State Activities

Sholokhov joined the CPSU in 1932, and in 1937 he was elected to the Soviet Parliament. In 1959 he accompanied Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev on a trip to Europe and the United States. He became a member of the CPSU Central Committee in 1961, Academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences in 1939, and was a member of the USSR Supreme Soviet. He was twice awarded Hero of Socialist Labor, and later became vice president of the Association of Soviet Writers. The Communist Party of the Soviet Union ( Russian: Коммунисти́ческая Па́ртия Сове́тского Сою́за = КПСС) was the name used by the successors of the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party from 1952 to 1991, but the wording Communist Party was present in the partys name since 1918 when... Jump to: navigation, search 1932 is a leap year starting on a Friday. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1937 was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1959 was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchof (Khrushchev) (Russian: Ники́та Серге́евич Хрущёв listen â–¶(?), April 17, 1894 â€“ September 11, 1971) was the leader of the Soviet Union after the death of Joseph Stalin. ... World map showing Europe (geographically) When considered a continent, Europe is the worlds second-smallest continent in terms of area, with an area of 10,600,000 km² (4,140,625 square miles), making it larger than Australia only. ... The Central Committee, abbreviated in Russian as ЦК, Tseka, was the highest body of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1961 was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... The title Academician denotes a Full Member of an art, literary, or scientific academy. ... Russian Academy of Sciences (Росси́йская Акаде́мия Нау́к) is the national academy of Russia. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1939 was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Supreme Soviet (Верховный Совет, Verhovniy Sovet, literally the Supreme Council) comprised the highest legislative body in the Soviet Union in the interim of the sessions of the Congress of Soviets, and the only one with the power to pass constitutional amendments. ... Hero of Socialist Labor (Герой Социалистического Труда in Russian, or Geroy Sotsialisticheskogo Truda) was an honorary title in the Soviet Union and the highest degree of distinction for exceptional achievements in national economy and culture. ...

Selected writings

• DONSKIE RASSKAZY, 1925 - Tales of the Don
• LAZUREVAJA STEP, 1926
• TIKHII DON, 4 vol., 1928-1940 - And Quiet Flows the Don, 1934 - The Don Flows Home to the Sea, 1940 - The Silent Don, 1941 - best English translation apperared under the tile of Quiet Flows the Don in 1966 - film 1957-1958, dir. Sergei Gerasimov, starring P. Glebov, L. Khityaeva, Z. Kirienko and E. Bystrltskaya
• PODNYATAYA TSELINA, 1932-1960 - Virgin Soil Upturned, 1935 - Harvest on the Don, 1960
• ONI SRAZHALIS ZA RODINU, 1942 - They Fought for Their Country
• NAUKA NENAVISTI, 1942 - Hate / The Science of Hatred
• SLOVO O RODINE, 1951
• SUDBA CHELOVEKA, 1956-1957 - The Fate of a Man - film 1959, dir. by Sergei Bondarchuk, starring Sergei Bondarchuk, Pavlik Boriskin, Zinaida Kirienko, Pavel Volkov, Yuri Avelin, K. Alekseev
• SOBRANIE SOCHINENII, 1956-1958 - collected works (8 vols.)
• ONI SRAZHALIS ZA RODINU, 1959 - They Fought for their Country
• SOBRANIE SOCHINENY, 1962 - collected works (8 vols.)
• Early Stories, 1966
• One Man's Destiny, and Other Stories, Articles, and Sketches, 1923-1963, 1967
• Fierce and Gentle Warriors, 1967
• PO VELENIJU DUŠI, 1970 - At the Bidding of the Heart
• SOBRANIE SOCHINENY, 1975 (8 vols.)
• ROSSIYA V SERDTSE, 1975
• SLOVO O RODINE, 1980
• Collected Works, 1984 (8 vols.)
• SOBRANIE SOCHINENII, 1985 (collected works)(8 vols.)
• SHOLOKHOV I STALIN, 1994

Jump to: navigation, search 1925 was a common year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1926 was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1928 was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1940 was a leap year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1934 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1940 was a leap year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1941 was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1966 was a common year starting on Saturday (link goes to calendar) // Events January January 1 - In a coup, Colonel Jean-Bédel Bokassa ousts president David Dacko and takes over the Central African Republic. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1957 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1958 was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search Sergei Appolinarievich Gerasimov (Сергей Апполинариевич Герасимов; 25 May (O.S. 13 May) 1906 in Kundravy village, Chelyabinsk Oblast - 26 November 1985, Moscow) was one of the most reputable film directors and screenwriters in the Soviet Union. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1932 is a leap year starting on a Friday. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1960 was a leap year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1935 was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1960 was a leap year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search This article is about the year. ... Jump to: navigation, search This article is about the year. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1951 was a common year starting on Monday; see its calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1956 was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1957 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1959 was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Sergei Fedorovich Bondarchuk (Russian: Серге́й Фёдорович Бондарчук; Ukrainian: Сергій Федорович Бондарчук September 25, 1920 – October 20, 1994) was a Soviet, Ukrainian-born film director, screenwriter, and actor. ... Sergei Fedorovich Bondarchuk (Russian: Серге́й Фёдорович Бондарчук; Ukrainian: Сергій Федорович Бондарчук September 25, 1920 – October 20, 1994) was a Soviet, Ukrainian-born film director, screenwriter, and actor. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1956 was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1958 was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1959 was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1962 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1966 was a common year starting on Saturday (link goes to calendar) // Events January January 1 - In a coup, Colonel Jean-Bédel Bokassa ousts president David Dacko and takes over the Central African Republic. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1923 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1963 was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1967 was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1967 was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1970 was a common year starting on Thursday. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1975 was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1975 was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1980 (MCMLXXX) is a leap year starting on Tuesday. ... Jump to: navigation, search This page is about the year 1984. ... Jump to: navigation, search This article is about the year. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1994 was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International year of the Family. ...

External links

• nobel-winners.com's article on Michail Sholokhov
• Mikhail Sholokhov at the Internet Movie Database
• On-line Sholokhov texts (Russian)
• Politicians Praise Soviet-Era Writer Mikhail Sholokhov’s Contribution to World Literature