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Encyclopedia > Myxoma
Myxoma
Classification and external resources
ICD-10 D15.1
ICD-9 212.7
ICD-O: 8840/0
OMIM 255960
DiseasesDB 30736
eMedicine med/186 
MeSH D009232

A myxoma (Myxo- = New Latin from Greek muxa for mucus) is a tumor of primitive connective tissue.[1] It is the most common primary tumor of the heart, but can also occur in other locations. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify diseases and a wide variety of signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or disease. ... The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision (ICD-10) is a coding of diseases and signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or diseases, as classified by the World Health Organization (WHO). ... // C00-D48 - Neoplasms (C00-C14) Malignant neoplasms, lip, oral cavity and pharynx (C00) Malignant neoplasm of lip (C01) Malignant neoplasm of base of tongue (C02) Malignant neoplasm of other and unspecified parts of tongue (C03) Malignant neoplasm of gum (C04) Malignant neoplasm of floor of mouth (C05) Malignant neoplasm of... The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify diseases and a wide variety of signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or disease. ... The following is a list of codes for International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. ... The International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O) is a domain specific extension of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems for tumor diseases. ... The Mendelian Inheritance in Man project is a database that catalogues all the known diseases with a genetic component, and - when possible - links them to the relevant genes in the human genome. ... The Disease Bold textDatabase is a free website that provides information about the relationships between medical conditions, symptoms, and medications. ... eMedicine is an online clinical medical knowledge base that was founded in 1996. ... Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. ... Mucus cells. ... Connective tissue is one of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications (the others being epithelial, muscle, and nervous tissue. ... For malignant tumors specifically, see cancer. ... The heart and lungs, from an older edition of Grays Anatomy. ...


The phrase "myxomatous degeneration" refers to the process in which connective tissue becomes filled with mucus. Connective tissue is one of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications (the others being epithelial, muscle, and nervous tissue. ... Mucus cells. ...

Contents

Location

Myxomas are usually located in either the left or right atrium of the heart; about 86 percent occur in the left atrium.[2] Anterior (frontal) view of the opened heart. ... This page is about the muscular organ, the Heart. ... Anterior (frontal) view of the opened heart. ...


Myxomas are typically pedunculated, with a stalk that is attached to the interatrial septum. The most common location for attachment of the stalk is the fossa ovalis region of the interatrial septum. The interatrial septum is the wall of tissue that separates the right and left atria of the heart. ... Found in the right atrium of the heart, the fossa ovalis is an embryonic remnant of the foramen ovale, which normally closes shortly after birth. ...


About 71% of myxomas occur in the heart, 41% on the skin, and 7% in the oral cavity (usually on the palate). The mouth, also known as the buccal cavity or the oral cavity, is the opening through which an animal or human takes in food. ... The palate is the roof of the mouth in humans and vertebrate animals. ...


Diagnosis

An atrial myxoma may create an extra heart sound, audible to auscultation just after S2.


It is most seen on echocardiography, as a pedunculated mass that is heterogeneous in appearance. An echocardiogram. ...


The differential diagnosis include other cardiac tumors such as lipomas and rhabdomyomas. These other tumors of the heart are typically not pedunculated, however, and are more likely to infiltrate the muscle of the heart. Cardiac Magnetic resonance Imaging can help non-invasively diagnose cardiac tumors. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... A lipoma is a common, benign tumor composed of fatty tissue. ... A rhabdomyoma is a benign tumor of muscle. ...


Symptoms

Symptoms associated with cardiac myxomas are typically due to the effect of the mass of the tumor obstructing the normal flow of blood within the chambers of the heart.


Some symptoms of myxoma may be associated with the release of interleukin 6 (IL-6) by the myxoma.[3][4] High levels of IL-6 may be associated with a higher risk of embolism of the myxoma.[5] Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine secreted by T cells and macrophages to stimulate immune response to trauma, especially burns or other tissue damage leading to inflammation. ...


Symptoms of a cardiac myxoma include[6]:

Dyspnea (R06. ... An analogue medical thermometer showing the temperature of 38. ... Weight loss, in the context of medicine or health or physical fitness, is a reduction of the total body weight, due to a mean loss of fluid, body fat or adipose tissue and/or lean mass, namely bone mineral deposits, muscle, tendon and other connective tissue. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Hemoptysis (US English) or haemoptysis (International English) is the expectoration (coughing up) of blood or of blood-stained sputum from the bronchi, larynx, trachea, or lungs (e. ...

Treatment

Myxomas are usually removed surgically. The surgeon removes the myxoma, along with at least 5 surrounding milimeters of atrial septum. He will then repair the septum using material from the pericardium.


See also

A European Rabbit afflicted by Myxomatosis in Shropshire, England. ... The primary tumors of the heart are tumors that arise from the normal tissues that make up the heart. ...

References

  1. ^ m_25/12557169 at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
  2. ^ Knepper LE, Biller J, Adams HP, Bruno A (1988). "Neurologic manifestations of atrial myxoma. A 12-year experience and review". Stroke 19 (11): 1435–40. PMID 3188128. 
  3. ^ Seino Y, Ikeda U, Shimada K. (1993). "Increased expression of interleukin 6 mRNA in cardiac myxomas.". Br Heart J 69 (6): 565-7. doi:10.1136/hrt.69.6.565. PMID 8343326. 
  4. ^ Jourdan M, Bataille R, Seguin J, Zhang XG, Chaptal PA, Klein B (1990). "Constitutive production of interleukin-6 and immunologic features in cardiac myxomas.". Arthritis Rheum 33 (3): 398-402. doi:10.1002/art.1780330313. PMID 1690543. 
  5. ^ Wada A, Kanda t, Hayashi R, et al. (1993). "Cardiac myxoma metastasized to the brain: potential role of endogenous interleukin-6." 83 (3): 208-11. PMID 8281536. 
  6. ^ Fisher J. (1983). "Cardiac myxoma.". Cardiovasc Rev Rep (4): 1195-9. 

Dorlands Medical Dictionary was first published in 1890 as the American Illustrated Medical Dictionary including 770 pages. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ...

External links


  Results from FactBites:
 
Atrial Myxoma - Left - Health Centers (732 words)
A left atrial myxoma is a benign tumor located in the left upper chamber of the heart (atrium) on the wall that separates the left chamber from the right (the atrial septum).
Although a myxoma is a benign tumor, complications are common.
One complication of untreated myxoma is embolization (tumor cells breaking off and traveling with the bloodstream), which can obstruct a blood vessel or plant a myxoma in another part of the body where it can cause symptoms.
myxoma: Definition and Much More from Answers.com (902 words)
Myxomas are usually located in either the left or right atrium of the heart; about 86 percent occur in the left atrium.
Myxomas are typically pedunculated, with a stalk that is attached to the interatrial septum.
Symptoms associated with cardiac myxomas are typically due to the effect of the mass of the tumor obstructing the normal flow of blood within the chambers of the heart.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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