The electron's orbital angular momentum is quantized; L=nħ.
The theory that electrons travel in discrete orbits around the atom's nucleus, with the chemical properties of the element being largely determined by the number of electrons in the outer orbits.
The idea that an electron could drop from a higher-energy orbit to a lower one, emitting a photon (light quantum) of discrete energy (this became the basis for quantum theory).
The principle of complementarity: that items could be separately analyzed as having several contradictory properties.
Relationship with Heisenberg
Werner Heisenberg claimed in an interview after the war, when the author Robert Jungk was working on the book Brighter Than a Thousand Suns, that he had tried to establish a pact with Bohr such that scientists on neither side should help develop the atomic bomb. He also said that the German attempts were entirely focused on energy production, and that his circle of colleagues tried to keep it that way. Heisenberg nuanced his claims, though, and avoided implication that he and his colleagues had purposely sabotaged the bomb effort. However, this nuance was lost in Jungk's original publication of the book, which strongly implied that the German atomic bomb project was rendered purposely stillborn by Heisenberg.
When Bohr saw this depiction in the Danish translation of Jungk's book, he disagreed wholeheartedly. He said that Heisenberg had indeed let him know in Copenhagen that he was working on an atomic bomb project, and that he thought that Germany would win the war. He dismissed the idea of any pact as an after-the-fact construction. He drafted several letters to inform Heisenberg about this but never sent any of them.[1] (http://www.nbi.dk/NBA/release.html)
Michael Frayn's play Copenhagen, which ran on Broadway for a time, explores what might have happened at the 1941 meeting between Heisenberg and Bohr. The truth of the historical event is still a matter of scholarly debate.
Books about Bohr
Niels Bohr: The Man, His Science, and the World They Changed, by Ruth Moore ISBN 0262631016
Niels Bohr's Times, In Physics, Philosophy and Polity, by Abraham Pais, ISBN 0-19-852049-2
NielsHenrikDavid Bohr[nEls han´ rEk dA´vEth bOr] Pronunciation Key, 1885–1962, Danish physicist, one of the foremost scientists of modern physics.
Bohr provided the solution to this problem in 1913, when he postulated that electrons move around the nucleus of the atom in restricted orbits and explained the manner in which the atom absorbs and emits energy.
Bohr was a leading figure in the continuing development of the quantum theory over the next twenty years.
His brother was Harald Bohr, a mathematician and Olympic soccer player who played in the Danish national team; NielsBohr was a passionate soccer player as well, but, contrary to what is claimed sometimes, never played in the national team.
Based on Rutherford's theories, Bohr published his model of atomic structure in 1913, introducing the theory of electrons traveling in orbits around the atom'snucleus, the chemical properties of the element being largely determined by the number of electrons in the outer orbits.
In 1916, NielsBohr became a professor at the University of Copenhagen, and director of the newly constructed "Institute of Theoretical Physics" in 1920.
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