In 1923 Nikolay married Maria's niece Natalia Nikolaevna Burtseva.
Semenov's outstanding work on the mechanism of chemical transformation includes an exhaustive analysis of the application of the chain theory to varied reactions (1934-1954) and, more especially, to combustion processes.
;Giulio Natta (professor, Italy) : for outstanding achievements in the chemistry of polymers ;NikolayNikolaevichSemenov : for outstanding achievements in chemical physics.
;NikolaiNikolaevich Bogolyubov : for outstanding achievements in mathematics and theoretical physics.
;Nikolai Konstantinovich Kochetkov : for outstanding achievements in the chemistry of carbohydrates and organic synthesis.