|
Oogenesis or rarely oögenesis is the creation of an ovum (egg cell). It is the female process of gametogenesis. It involves the various stages of immature ova. A human ovum Sperm cells attempting to fertilize an ovum An ovum (plural ova) is a haploid female reproductive cell or gamete. ...
Gametogenesis is the creation of gametes by meiotic division of gametocytes into various gametes. ...
Oogenesis in mammals In mammals, oogenesis occurs in the ovarian follicle of the ovary. Subclasses & Infraclasses Subclass †Allotheria* Subclass Prototheria Subclass Theria Infraclass †Trituberculata Infraclass Metatheria Infraclass Eutheria For the folk-rock band see The Mammals. ...
Ovarian follicles or Graafian follicles (after Regnier de Graaf) are the roughly spherical cell aggregations in the ovary containing an ovum and from which the egg is released during ovulation. ...
// For ovary as part of plants see ovary (plants) An ovary is an egg-producing reproductive organ found in female organisms. ...
It is interesting to note that such an important process in animal life cycles is done completely without the aid of spindle-coordinating centrosomes. The mitotic spindle is a structure of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton involved in mitosis and meiosis. ...
The centrosome is the main microtubule organizing center (MTOC) of the cell as well as a regulator of cell-cycle progression. ...
It consists of several processes: oocytogenesis, ootidogenesis and the final maturity to form an ovum. Folliculogenesis is a separate process during ootidogenesis. In biology, folliculogenesis refers to the maturation of the ovarian follicle, a densely-packed shell of somatic cells that contains an immature oocyte. ...
Ploidy is the number of homologous sets of chromosomes in a biological cell. ...
An oogonium is a female gametogonium. ...
Mitosis divides genetic information during cell division. ...
The human gestation period of approximately 40 weeks between the time of the last menstrual cycle and delivery is traditionally divided into three periods of three months, or trimesters. ...
An oocyte or ovocyte is a female gametocyte or germ cell involved in reproduction. ...
For the figure of speech, see meiosis (figure of speech). ...
In biology, folliculogenesis refers to the maturation of the ovarian follicle, a densely-packed shell of somatic cells that contains an immature oocyte. ...
The Dictyate stage of meiotic prophase is the prolonged resting phase that is terminated shortly before ovulation. ...
An oocyte or ovocyte is a female gametocyte or germ cell involved in reproduction. ...
For the figure of speech, see meiosis (figure of speech). ...
An ootid is a female gametid, as opposed to a male spermatid. ...
A human ovum Sperm cells attempting to fertilize an ovum An ovum (plural ova) is a haploid female reproductive cell or gamete. ...
Creation of oogonia The creation of oogonia traditionally doesn't belong to oogenesis, but to the common path of gametogenesis together with spermatogenesis. Gametogenesis is the creation of gametes by meiotic division of gametocytes into various gametes. ...
Oocytogenesis Oogenesis starts with oogonial transformation into primary oocytes, called oocytogenesis[1]. Oocytogenesis is completed either before or shortly after birth. An oogonium is a female gametogonium. ...
An oocyte or ovocyte is a female gametocyte or germ cell involved in reproduction. ...
Number of primary oocytes It is commonly said that when oocytogenesis is completed, no additional primary oocytes are created, in contrast to the male spermatogenesis, where gametocytes are continuously created. In other words, oocytes reaches their maximum at ~20[2][3] Renewal of ovarian follicles from germline stem cells (originating from bone marrow and peripheral blood) was reported in the postnatal mouse ovary. Due to the revolutionary nature of these claims, further experiments are required to examine the dynamics of small follicle formation.
Ootidogenesis The succeeding ootidogenesis is the step in which the primary oocyte turns into an ootid. It is achieved by meiosis. The primary oocyte is even defined from its role to undergo meiosis[4]. An oocyte, ovocyte, or rarely oöcyte is a female gametocyte or germ cell involved in reproduction. ...
For the figure of speech, see meiosis (figure of speech). ...
However, although this process begins at prenatal age, it stops at prophase I. In late fetal life, all oocytes, still primary oocytes, have taken this halt in development, called dictyate. First after menarche they continue to develop, although only a few does so every menstrual cycle. The Dictyate stage of meiotic prophase is the prolonged resting phase that is terminated shortly before ovulation. ...
Meiosis I Meiosis I of ootidogenesis starts at embryonic age, but halts in diplotene of prophase I until puberty. For those primary oocytes continuing to develop in each menstrual cycle, however, synapsis occurs and tetrads form, enabling and crossing over. As a result of meiosis I, the primary oocyte becomes the secondary oocyte and the first polar body. In biology, meiosis is the process that allows one diploid cell to divide in a special way to generate haploid cells in eukaryotes. ...
This page covers notations and definitions, sometimes called the Cartan formalism, for the Cartan connection concept. ...
Thomas Hunt Morgans illustration of crossing over (1916) Homologous Recombination is the process by which two chromosomes, paired up during prophase I of meiosis, exchange some distal portion of their DNA. Crossover occurs when two chromosomes, normally two homologous instances of the same chromosome, break and then reconnect but...
Polar body is a cell structure found inside an ovum. ...
Meiosis II Immediately after meiosis I, the haploid secondary oocyte initiates meiosis II. However, this, too is halted in metaphase II. However, this only lasts until fertilization, if such occurs. When meiosis II is completed, an ootid and another polar body is created. Categories: Biology stubs ...
Folliculogenesis -
Synchronously as ootidogenesis, the ovarian follicle surrounding it develops from a primordial follicle to a preovulatory one. In biology, folliculogenesis refers to the maturation of the ovarian follicle, a densely-packed shell of somatic cells that contains an immature oocyte. ...
Ovarian follicles or Graafian follicles (after Regnier de Graaf) are the roughly spherical cell aggregations in the ovary containing an ovum and from which the egg is released during ovulation. ...
Maturation into ovum Both polar bodies at the end of Meiosis II disintegrate leaving only the ootid which undergoes maturation and eventually matures into an ovum.
Oogenesis in non-mammals Many protists produce egg cells in structures termed archegonia. Some algae and the oomycetes produce eggs in oogonia. In the brown alga Fucus, all four egg cells survive oogenesis, which is an exception to the rule that generally only one product of female meiosis survives to maturity. Typical phyla Chromalveolata Chromista Heterokontophyta Haptophyta Cryptophyta (cryptomonads) Alveolata Dinoflagellata Apicomplexa Ciliophora (ciliates) Cabozoa Excavata Euglenozoa Percolozoa Metamonada Rhizaria Radiolaria Foraminifera Cercozoa Archaeplastida (in part) Rhodophyta (red algae) Glaucophyta (basal archaeplastids) Amoebozoa Choanozoa Many others; classification varies Protists (IPA: (RP); (GenAm)), Greek protiston -a meaning the (most) first of all...
An archegonium (pl: archegonia) (from the Greek arche = beginning and gonos = born) is a multicellular structure or organ of the gametophyte phase of certain plants producing and containing the ovum or female gamete. ...
For the programming language, see algae (programming language). ...
Orders Lagenidiales Leptomitales Peronosporales Pythiales Rhipidiales Saprolegniales Sclerosporales Water moulds or Oomycetes are a group of filamentous protists, physically resembling fungi. ...
A cell that arises from a primordial germ cell and differentiates into an oocyte in the ovary. ...
Species F. serratus F. vesiculosus Fucus is a genus of seaweed that lives in the intertidal zones of rocky shores. ...
In plants, oogenesis occurs inside the female gametophyte via mitosis. In many plants such as bryophytes, ferns, and gymnosperms, egg cells are formed in archegonia. In flowering plants, the female gametophyte has been reduced to an eight-celled embryo sac within the ovule inside the ovary of the flower. Oogenesis occurs within the embryo sac and leads to the formation of a single egg cell per ovule. For other uses, see Plant (disambiguation). ...
In plants that undergo alternation of generations, a gametophyte is the structure, or phase of life, that contains only half of the total complement of chromosomes: The sporophyte produces spores, in a process called meiosis. ...
Mitosis divides genetic information during cell division. ...
The bryophytes are those embryophytes (land plants) that are non-vascular: they have tissues and enclosed reproductive systems, but they lack vascular tissue that circulates liquids. ...
This article is about the group of pteridophyte plants. ...
Divisions Pinophyta (or Coniferophyta) - Conifers Ginkgophyta - Ginkgo Cycadophyta - Cycads Gnetophyta - Gnetum, Ephedra, Welwitschia Gymnosperm (Gymnospermae) are a group of spermatophyte seed-bearing plants with ovules on the edge or blade of an open sporophyll, which are usually arranged in cone-like structures. ...
An archegonium (pl: archegonia) (from the Greek arche = beginning and gonos = born) is a multicellular structure or organ of the gametophyte phase of certain plants producing and containing the ovum or female gamete. ...
Classes Magnoliopsida - Dicots Liliopsida - Monocots The flowering plants or angiosperms are the most widespread group of land plants. ...
Location of ovules inside a Helleborus foetidus flower Ovule literally means small egg. ...
This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
Longitudinal section of female flower of squash showing ovary, ovules, pistil, and petals In the flowering plants, an ovary is a part of the female reproductive organ of the flower or gynoecium. ...
In ascaris, the oocyte does not even begin meiosis until the sperm touches it, in contrast to mammals, where meiosis is completed in the menstrual cycle. Species Ascaris lumbricoides Ascaris suum Ascaris is a genus of parasitic nematodes. ...
For other uses, see Sperm (disambiguation). ...
See also An oogonium is a female gametogonium. ...
An archegonium (pl: archegonia) (from the Greek arche = beginning and gonos = born) is a multicellular structure or organ of the gametophyte phase of certain plants producing and containing the ovum or female gamete. ...
An oocyte or ovocyte is a female gametocyte or germ cell involved in reproduction. ...
References A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ...
External links | Female reproductive system | | | Follicles/Folliculogenesis | | | | Ovaries/Oogenesis | | | | Fallopian tubes | | | | Ligaments | | | | Uterus | | | | Vulva/mons pubis | Labium: commissures ( Anterior • Posterior) • Frenulum labiorum pudendi • Labia majora • Cleft of venus • Labia minora • Vulval vestibule • interlabial sulci Clitoris: Vestibular bulbs • Clitoral crura • Corpus cavernosa • Clitoral glans (Frenulum, Hood) The human females reproductive system. ...
A pictorial illustration of the human female reproductive system. ...
Ovarian follicles or Graafian follicles (after Regnier de Graaf) are the roughly spherical cell aggregations in the ovary containing an ovum and from which the egg is released during ovulation. ...
In biology, folliculogenesis refers to the maturation of the ovarian follicle, a densely-packed shell of somatic cells that contains an immature oocyte. ...
The corpus hemorrhagicum (bloody body) is a temporary structure formed immediately after ovulation from the ovarian follicle. ...
The corpus luteum (Latin for yellow body) is a small, temporary endocrine structure in animals. ...
The corpus luteum (Latin for yellow body) is a small, temporary endocrine structure in mammals that develops from an ovarian follicle after it has released a mature egg. ...
The theca folliculi comprise a layer of the ovarian follicles. ...
The theca externa is the outer layers of the theca folliculi. ...
In biology, folliculogenesis refers to the maturation of the ovarian follicle, a densely-packed shell of somatic cells that contains an immature oocyte. ...
The follicular antrum is the portion of an ovarian follicle filled with liquor folliculi. ...
Follicular fluid is a liquid which fills the follicular antrum and surrounds the ovum in an ovarian follicle UIUC Histology Subject 1083 MeSH Follicular+fluid Diagram at med. ...
For the structure in neuroanatomy, see Corona radiata. ...
The zona pellucida (or zona striata in older texts) is a glycoprotein membrane surrounding the plasma membrane of an oocyte. ...
The larger ovarian follicles consist of an external fibrovascular coat, connected with the surrounding stroma of the ovary by a net-work of bloodvessels; and an internal coat, which consists of several layers of nucleated cells, called the membrana granulosa. ...
Cells in culture, stained for keratin (red) and DNA (green) The cell is the structural and functional unit of all living organisms, and are sometimes called the building blocks of life. ...
// For ovary as part of plants see ovary (plants) An ovary is an egg-producing reproductive organ found in female organisms. ...
The surface of the ovary is covered by a layer of columnar cells which constitutes the germinal epithelium of Waldeyer. ...
On the surface of the ovary this tissue is much condensed, and forms a layer, the tunica albuginea, composed of short connective-tissue fibers, with fusiform cells between them. ...
At one part of the mature follicle the cells of the membrana granulosa are collected into a mass which projects into the cavity of the follicle. ...
The stroma of the ovary is a peculiar soft tissue, abundantly supplied with bloodvessels, consisting for the most part of spindle-shaped cells with a small amount of ordinary connective tissue. ...
The medulla of ovary (or Zona vasculosa of Waldeyer) is a highly vascular stroma in the center of the ovary. ...
The Fallopian tubes, also known as oviducts, uterine tubes, and salpinges (singular salpinx) are two very fine tubes leading from the ovaries of female mammals into the uterus. ...
The first part of the uterine tube is the isthmus tubae uterinae. ...
The ampulla is the second portion of the uterine tube. ...
The third part of the uterine tube is the the infundibulum. ...
Uterus and uterine tubes In the female reproductive system, the fimbria is a fringe of tissue near the ovary leading to the Fallopian tube. ...
The broad ligament of the uterus refers to the wide fold of peritoneum that connects the sides of the uterus to the walls and floor of the pelvis. ...
At first the mesonephros and genital ridge are suspended by a common mesentery, but as the embryo grows the genital ridge gradually becomes pinched off from the mesonephros, with which it is at first continuous, though it still remains connected to the remnant of this body by a fold of...
The portion of the broad ligament which stretches from the uterine tube to the level of the ovary is known by the name of the mesosalpinx. ...
The mesometrium is the mesentery of the uterus. ...
1. ...
The ovarian ligament (also called the utero-ovarian ligament or proper ovarian ligament) is a fibrous ligament that connects the ovary to the lateral surface of the uterus. ...
The suspensory ligament of the ovary (also infundibulopelvic ligament) is a fold of peritoneum that surrounds the ovarian artery and vein as they extend out from the ovary. ...
The cardinal ligament (or lateral cervical ligament) is at the base of the broad ligament of the uterus (though it is not usually considered on of the three traditional divisions of that ligament. ...
This article is about female reproductive anatomy. ...
The cervix (from Latin neck) is the lower, narrow portion of the uterus where it joins with the top end of the vagina. ...
The external orifice of the uterus (or ostium of uterus, or external os) is a small, depressed, somewhat circular aperture on the rounded extremity of the vaginal portion of the cervix. ...
The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ...
The internal orifice of the uterus (or internal orifice of the cervix uteri or internal os) is a interior narrowing of the uterine cavity. ...
The Cavity of the Body in the uterus is a mere slit, flattened antero-posteriorly. ...
The fundus of the uterus is the top portion opposite from the cervix. ...
The endometrium is the inner membrane of the mammalian uterus. ...
The myometrium is the middle layer of the uterine wall consisting of smooth muscle cells and supporting stromal and vascular tissue. ...
Uterus and uterine tubes The perimetrium is the outer serosa layer of the uterus, covered in peritoneum. ...
The uterine horns are the points where the the uterus and the uterine tubes meet. ...
The vulva (from Latin, vulva, plural vulvae or vulvas; see etymology) is the region of the external genital organs of the female, including the labia majora, mons pubis, labia minora, clitoris, bulb of the vestibule, vestibule of the vagina, greater and lesser vestibular glands, and vaginal orifice. ...
In human anatomy or in mammals in general, the mons pubis (Latin, pubic mound), also known simply as the mons, is the soft mound of flesh present in women just above the genitals, raised above the surrounding area due to a pad of fat lying just beneath it which protects...
Labial commissures are junctions of the labia majora and labia minora, with one pair for the labia majora and one pair for the labia minora. ...
Labial commissures are junctions of the labia majora and labia minora, with one pair for the labia majora and one pair for the labia minora. ...
In female human anatomy, the frenulum labiorum pudendi (aka. ...
Parts of a vulva The external genital organs of the female are collectively known as the vulva (also sometimes called the pudenda). ...
The cleft of venus or pudendal cleft is the furrow at the base of the mons veneris where it divides to form the labia majora. ...
The labia minora (singular: labium minus) or nymphae[1] are two longitudinal cutaneous folds, that normally vary widely in size from woman to woman. ...
The Vulval vestibule (or Vulvar vestibule) is a part of the vulva between the labia minora that the urethra and the vagina open into. ...
The interlabial sulci are the grooves between the labia majora and the labia minora. ...
The clitoris is a sexual organ that is present only in female mammals. ...
The Vestibular Bulbs, also known as the Clitoral Bulbs, are an internal part of the Clitoris next to the clitoral body, clitoral crura, urethra, urethral sponge, and vagina. ...
The clitoral crura are an internal portion of the clitoris. ...
The clitoris is homologous to the corpus cavernosum penis in the male. ...
The Clitoral Glans is an external portion of the clitoris. ...
The Frenulum clitoridis (also known as the Crus glandis clitoridis) is a frenulum that surrounds the clitoris. ...
In a female human anatomy, the clitoral hood, (also called preputium clitoridis and clitoral prepuce), is a fold of skin that surrounds and protects the clitoral glans. ...
Vagina: vestibular glands/ducts ( Bartholin's glands/ Bartholin's ducts, Skene's glands/ Skene's ducts) • Fossa of vestibule of vagina • Vaginal fornix • Hymen • Orifice | | | Vestiges | | | | Other | | | The vagina, (from Latin, literally sheath or scabbard ) is the tubular tract leading from the uterus to the exterior of the body in female placental mammals and marsupials, or to the cloaca in female birds, monotremes, and some reptiles. ...
The Bartholins glands (also called Bartholin glands or greater vestibular glands) are two glands located slightly below and to the left and right of the opening of the vagina in women. ...
Bartholins ducts are a pair of ducts leading from the Bartholins glands to the surface of the vulva. ...
In human anatomy, the Skenes glands (also known as the lesser vestibular, periurethral glands, or paraurethral glands[1]) are glands located on the upper wall of the vagina, around the lower end of the urethra. ...
The Skenes ducts are a pair of ducts leading from the Skenes glands to the surface of the vulva, to the left and right of the urethral opening. ...
Between the hymen and the frenulum of the labia is the fossa of vestibule of vagina (or fossa navicularis), while in the groove between the hymen and the labium minus, on either side, the small opening of the greater vestibular gland (Bartholin’s) can be seen. ...
The fornices of the vagina are the deepest portions of the vagina, extending into the recesses created by the extension of the cervix into the vaginal space. ...
For the Greek god of marriage, see Hymenaios. ...
The vaginal orifice is a median slit below and behind the opening of the urethra; its size varies inversely with that of the hymen. ...
The Wolffian duct (also known as archinephric duct, Leydigs duct, mesonephric duct, or nephric duct) is a paired organ found in mammals including humans during embryogenesis. ...
Gartners duct is a potential embryological remnant in human female development of the mesonephric ducts. ...
The epoophoron , also called organ of Rosenmüller, is a remnant of the Wolffian duct that can be found next to the ovary and fallopian tube. ...
The paroöphoron consists of a few scattered rudimentary tubules, best seen in the child, situated in the broad ligament between the epoöphoron and the uterus. ...
The Canal of Nuck, described by Anton Nuck in 1691, is an abnormal patent pouch of peritoneum extending into the labium major of women. ...
...
Female internal reproductive anatomy The urethral sponge is a spongy cushion of tissue, found in the lower genital area of women, that sits against both the pubic bone and vaginal wall, and surrounds the urethra. ...
|
Feeds |
Contact