NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Pan American World Airways

Pan American World Airways, commonly known as Pan Am, was the principal international airline of the United States from the 1930s until its collapse in 1991. Founded as a seaplane service out of Key West, Florida, the airline became a major company credited with many innovations that shaped the international airline industry, including the widespread use of jet aircraft, jumbo jets, and computerized reservation systems. Identified by its blue globe logo and the use of the word "Clipper" in aircraft names and call signs, the airline was a cultural icon of the 20th century, and the unofficial flag carrier of the United States.^[1] Image File history File links Pan_Am_Logo. ... IATA airline designators, sometimes called IATA reservation codes, are two-character codes assigned by the International Air Transport Association (IATA) to the worlds airlines in accordance with the provisions of Resolution 762. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with ICAO airline code. ... Most airlines employ a distinctive and internationally recognised call sign that is normally spoken during airband radio transmissions as a prefix to the flight number. ... An airline hub is an airport that an airline uses as a transfer point to get passengers to their intended destination. ... Destinations with direct service from Miami Miami International Airport (IATA: MIA, ICAO: KMIA, FAA LID: MIA) is a public airport located eight miles (13 km) northwest of the central business district of Miami, in unincorporated Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States. ... , For the regional airport in Wisconsin, see John F. Kennedy Memorial Airport. ... FAA diagram of SFO â€œSFOâ€ redirects here. ... George Bush Intercontinental Airport (IATA: IAH, ICAO: KIAH, FAA LID: IAH)[2] is an international airport in the city of Houston, Texas, United States serving the Greater Houston area. ... Airports exterior. ... In the airline industry, a focus city is a location that is not a hub, but from which the airline has flights to at least several destinations other than its hubs. ... FAA Airport Diagram Washington Dulles International Airport (IATA: IAD, ICAO: KIAD, FAA LID: IAD) is a public airport located 25 miles (32 km) west of the central business district of Washington, D.C., in Loudoun County, Virginia, United States. ... For the Logan airport in Billings, Montana, see Billings Logan International Airport. ... Runway layout at LAX â€œLAXâ€ redirects here. ... â€œHeathrowâ€ redirects here. ... Frankfurt Airport Frankfurt Airport (IATA: FRA, ICAO: EDDF), known in German as Rhein-Main-Flughafen or Flughafen Frankfurt am Main, is located near Frankfurt am Main, Germany. ... Berlin International Airport in Tegel Otto Lilienthal (IATA: TXL, ICAO: EDDT) (often shortened to Tegel) is an airport in Berlin, Germany. ... For the United States Air Force use of this facility, see Hickam Air Force Base. ... Tokyo International Airport ) (IATA: HND, ICAO: RJTT), located in Ota, Tokyo, Japan, is one of the two primary airports serving the Greater Tokyo Area. ... Narita International Airport ) (IATA: NRT, ICAO: RJAA) is an international airport located in Narita, Chiba, Japan, in the eastern portion of the Greater Tokyo Area. ... Membership cards of FFP This article is about airline frequent flyer programs. ... The lounge at ZRH, Switzerland An airport lounge is a lounge owned by a particular airline (or jointly operated by several carriers). ... A holding company is a company that owns enough voting stock in another firm to control management and operations by influencing or electing its board of directors. ... Midtown Manhattan, looking north from the Empire State Building, 2005 New York City (officially named the City of New York) is the most populous city in the state of New York and the entire United States. ... This article is about the state. ... Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is the job of having the ultimate executive responsibility or authority within an organization or corporation. ... Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is the job of having the ultimate executive responsibility or authority within an organization or corporation. ... Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is the job of having the ultimate executive responsibility or authority within an organization or corporation. ... Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is the job of having the ultimate executive responsibility or authority within an organization or corporation. ... Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is the job of having the ultimate executive responsibility or authority within an organization or corporation. ... Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is the job of having the ultimate executive responsibility or authority within an organization or corporation. ... Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is the job of having the ultimate executive responsibility or authority within an organization or corporation. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (3600x2400, 1958 KB) Summary Interior, Pan American Airways System Terminal Building, 3500 Pan American Drive, Miami, Dade County, FL Date c. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (3600x2400, 1958 KB) Summary Interior, Pan American Airways System Terminal Building, 3500 Pan American Drive, Miami, Dade County, FL Date c. ... Pan Ams terminal at Dinner Key in 1944 Dinner Key is an island near Miami, Florida that served as a base for Pan American World Airways flying boats during the 1930s and 1940s. ... Nickname: Location in Miami-Dade County and the state of Florida Coordinates: , Country State County Miami-Dade Incorporated July 28, 1896 Government - Type Mayor-Commissioner Plan - Mayor Manny Diaz (I) - City Manager Pedro G. Hernandez - City Attorney Jorge L. Fernandez - City Clerk Priscilla Thompson Area - City 55. ... Sikorsky S42 from Library of Congress This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Sikorsky S42 from Library of Congress This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... The Sikorsky S-42 was the first real transoceanic flying boat. ... Image File history File links MartinM-130_GGBridge. ... Image File history File links MartinM-130_GGBridge. ... The Martin M-130 is truly a plane whose fame far surpasses its production volume. ... is the 326th day of the year (327th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar). ... An Airbus A380 of Emirates Airline An airline provides air transport services for passengers or freight. ... A DeHavilland Single Otter floatplane in Harbour Air livery. ... Nickname: Coordinates: , Country United States State Florida County Monroe Government - Type Council-Manager - Mayor Morgan McPherson Area - City 7. ... Official language(s) English Capital Tallahassee Largest city Jacksonville Largest metro area Miami metropolitan area Area Ranked 22nd - Total 65,795[1] sq mi (170,304[1] kmÂ²) - Width 361 miles (582 km) - Length 447 miles (721 km) - % water 17. ... Jet aircraft are aircrafts with jet engines. ... The Boeing 747, commonly nicknamed the Jumbo Jet, is a long-haul, widebody commercial airliner manufactured by Boeing. ... A model of a vessel of the clipper type, the four-masted barque named Belle Ã‰toile A clipper was a very fast multiple-masted sailing ship of the 19th century. ... Most airlines employ a distinctive and internationally recognised call sign that is normally spoken during airband radio transmissions as a prefix to the flight number. ... For other uses, see Flag carrier (disambiguation). ...

The Pan Am brand was resurrected four times after 1991, and these remakings are covered in depth in the section post downturn developments. These reincarnations were related to Pan Am in name only. Pan Ams seaplane terminal at Dinner Key in Miami, Florida, was a hub of inter-American travel during the 1930s and 1940s. ...

History

Formation

Pan American Airways Incorporated was founded on March 14, 1927, by Major Henry H. "Hap" Arnold and partners. Their shell company was able to obtain the U.S. mail delivery contract to Cuba, but lacked the physical assets to do the job. On June 2, 1927, Juan Trippe formed the Aviation Corporation of America with the backing of powerful and politically-connected financiers William A. Rockefeller, Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney, and others; Whitney served as the company's president. Their operation had the all-important landing rights for Havana, having acquired a small airline established in 1926 by John K. Montgomery and Richard B. Bevier as a seaplane service from Key West, Florida to Havana. The Atlantic, Gulf, and Caribbean Airways company was established on October 11, 1927, by New York City investment banker Richard Hoyt, who served as president. The three companies merged into a holding company called the Aviation Corporation of the Americas on June 23, 1928. Richard Hoyt was named as chairman of the new company, but Trippe and his partners held forty percent of the equity and Whitney was made president. Trippe became the operational head of the new Pan American Airways Incorporated, created as the primary operating subsidiary of Aviation Corporation of the Americas. Juan Trippe. ... Juan Trippe. ... is the 73rd day of the year (74th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... General of the Air Force Henry Harley Hap Arnold GCB (June 25, 1886 â€“ January 15, 1950) was an aviation pioneer and Chief of the United States Army Air Corps (from 1938), Commanding General of the U.S. Army Air Forces (from 1941 until 1945) and the first and only General... is the 153rd day of the year (154th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Trippe, Time, 1933 Juan Terry Trippe (June 27, 1899 â€“ April 3, 1981) was an airline entrepreneur and pioneer. ... C.V. Whitney, 2000 book cover Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney (February 20, 1899 - December 13, 1992) was an American businessman, film producer, writer, and government official, as well as the owner of a leading stable of thoroughbred racehorses. ... This article is about the capital of Cuba. ... A DeHavilland Single Otter floatplane in Harbour Air livery. ... Nickname: Coordinates: , Country United States State Florida County Monroe Government - Type Council-Manager - Mayor Morgan McPherson Area - City 7. ... is the 284th day of the year (285th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... A holding company is a company that owns part, all, or a majority of other companies outstanding stock. ... is the 174th day of the year (175th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... A subsidiary, in business, is an entity that is controlled by another entity. ...

The U.S. government had approved the original Pan Am's mail delivery contract with little objection, out of fears that the German-owned Colombian carrier SCADTA (nowadays Avianca) would have no competition in bidding for routes between Latin America and the United States. The government further helped Pan Am by insulating it from its American competitors, seeing the airline as the "chosen instrument" for U.S. foreign air routes.^[2] The airline expanded, due in part to its virtual monopoly on foreign airmail contracts. SCADTA (Sociedad Colombo-Alemana de Transportes Aereos, Colombian-German Air Transport Society) was the first airline in Latin America, operating from 1919 until World War II After the end of world War II, SCADTA change its name to Avianca who stills operated untill this days. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ...

Trippe and his associates planned to extend Pan Am's network through all of Central and South America. During the late 1920s and early 1930s, Pan Am purchased a number of ailing or defunct airlines in Central and South America, and negotiated with postal officials to win most of the government's airmail contracts to the region. In September 1929, Trippe toured Latin America with Charles Lindbergh to negotiate landing rights in a number of countries, including SCADTA's home turf of Colombia. By the end of the year, Pan Am offered flights down the west coast of South America to Peru. The following year, Pan Am purchased the New York, Rio, and Buenos Aires Line (NYRBA), giving it a seaplane route along the east coast of South America to Buenos Aires, Argentina, and westbound to Santiago, Chile, and renaming it Panair do Brasil.^[3] Pan Am also partnered with Grace Shipping Company in 1929 to form Pan American-Grace Airways, better known as Panagra, to gain a foothold to Andes countries in South America. South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... Charles Augustus Lindbergh (4 February 1902 â€“ 26 August 1974), known as Lucky Lindy and The Lone Eagle, was an American pilot famous for the first solo, non-stop flight across the Atlantic, from Roosevelt Field, Long Island to Paris in 1927 in the Spirit of St. ... New York, Rio, and Buenos Aires Line (NYRBA) was an airline that operated seaplane service from New York City to Rio de Janeiro, Buenos Aires, and intermediate points on the east coast of South America during the 1920s. ... For other uses, see Buenos Aires (disambiguation). ... Location of Santiago commune in Greater Santiago Coordinates: , Region Province Foundation February 12, 1541 Government - Mayor RaÃºl AlcaÃno Lihn Area 1 - City 22. ... Panair do Brasil was Brazils flag airline and Latin Americas largest carrier from the 1940s through the 1960s. ... Pan American-Grace Airways, better known as Panagra was an airline formed as a joint venture between Pan American World Airways and the Grace shipping company. ... This article is about the mountain system in South America. ...

Pan Am's holding company, the Aviation Corporation of the Americas, was one of the hottest stocks on the New York Curb Exchange in 1929, and flurries of speculation surrounded each of its new route awards. On a single day in March, its stock rose 50% in value. Trippe and his associates had to fight off a takeover attempt by the United Aircraft and Transport Corporation to keep their control over Pan Am (UATC was the parent company of what are now Boeing, Pratt & Whitney, and United Airlines). The American Stock Exchange (AMEX) is a stock exchange operated by American Stock Exchange LLC, a subsidiary of the National Association of Securities Dealers, in the United States of America. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The Boeing Company (NYSE: BA, TYO: 7661) is a major aerospace and defense corporation, originally founded by William Edward Boeing. ... Pratt & Whitney is an American aircraft engine manufacturer whose products are widely used in both civil and military aircraft. ... United Airlines, also known as United Air Lines, Inc. ...

The Clipper Era

While Pan Am was developing its South American network, it also negotiated with Bernt Balchen, of the Norwegian Airline DNL, in 1937 for a co-operative Trans-Atlantic flight to Europe. The agreement was for Pan Am to use its Clippers on flights from New York to Reykjavík, Iceland; DNL would then take over with their Sikorsky S-43 aircraft onwards to Bergen, Norway. This idea was dropped when Pan Am pulled out and instead turned to Britain and France to begin seaplane service between the United States and Europe. Britain's state-owned Imperial Airways was eager to cooperate with Pan Am, but France was less willing to help, because its state carrier Aéropostale was a major player in Latin America and a Pan Am competitor on some routes. Eventually, Pan Am reached an agreement with both countries to offer service from Norfolk, Virginia, to Europe via Bermuda and the Azores using Sikorsky S-40 flying boats. This service was not put into operation in its entirety, but from June 16, 1937, a joint service from New York to Bermuda was inaugurated, with Pan Am using the Bermuda Clipper, a Sikorsky S-42, and Imperial Airways using 'C class' flying boat RMA Cavalier. Pan Am also procured an airmail contract from Boston to Halifax, Nova Scotia. Bernt Balchen (1899-1973) Bernt Balchen, D.F.C., (23 October 1899 â€“ 17 October 1973), was a Norwegian-American polar (and general) aviation pioneer. ... Location in Iceland Coordinates: , Constituency Government - Mayor (BorgarstjÃ³ri) VilhjÃ¡lmur Ãž. VilhjÃ¡lmsson Area - City 274. ... The Sikorsky S-43 was an eighteen place twin engine amphibian. ... County Hordaland District Midhordland Municipality NO-1201 Administrative centre Bergen Mayor (2004) Herman Friele (H) Official language form Neutral Area - Total - Land - Percentage Ranked 215 465 kmÂ² 445 kmÂ² 0. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... The Imperial Airways Empire Terminal, Victoria, London. ... AÃ©ropostale (formally, Compagnie gÃ©nÃ©rale aÃ©ropostale) was a pioneering French aviation company. ... Motto: Crescas (Latin for, Thou shalt grow. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... Motto (Portuguese for Rather die free than in peace subjugated) Anthem (national) (local) Capital Ponta Delgada1 Angra do HeroÃsmo2 Horta3 Largest city Ponta Delgada Official languages Portuguese Government Autonomous region - President Carlos CÃ©sar Establishment - Settled 1439 - Autonomy 1976 Area - Total 2,333 kmÂ² (n/a) 911 sq mi... The Sikorsky S-40 was an amphibious flying boat built in the early 1930s, and the largest commercial airliner of its time. ... Boeing 314 A flying boat is an aircraft that is designed to take off and land on water, in particular a type of seaplane which uses its fuselage as a floating hull (instead of pontoons mounted below the fuselage). ... is the 167th day of the year (168th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Motto: E Mari Merces(Latin) From the Sea, Wealth Coordinates: , Country Canada Province Nova Scotia Established April 1, 1996 Government - Type Regional Municipality - Mayor Peter Kelly - Governing body Halifax Regional Council - MPs List of MPs Alexa McDonough Geoff Regan Michael Savage Peter Stoffer (Bill Casey) (Gerald Keddy) (Peter MacKay) - MLAs... Motto: Munit Haec et Altera Vincit(Latin) One defends and the other conquers Capital Halifax Largest city Halifax Regional Municipality Official languages English, Canadian Gaelic Government - Lieutenant-Governor Mayann E. Francis - Premier Rodney MacDonald (PC) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 11 - Senate seats 10 Confederation July 1, 1867...

On July 5, 1937, the first commercial survey flights across the North Atlantic were conducted. The Pan Am Clipper III, a Sikorsky S-42, landed at Botwood, in the Bay of Exploits, Newfoundland, Canada, from Port Washington, New York, via Shediac, New Brunswick, Canada. The next day Pan Am Clipper III, piloted by Captain Harold Gray left Botwood for Foynes, Ireland. The same day a Short Empire C-Class flying boat, the Caledonia, under the command of Captain Arthur Sydney Wilcockson, left Foynes for Botwood and landed July 6, 1937, reaching Montreal on July 8 and New York on July 9. These test flights marked the first steps toward the beginning of commercial transatlantic flights. is the 186th day of the year (187th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 187th day of the year (188th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 189th day of the year (190th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 190th day of the year (191st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

A fleet of six large long range Boeing 314 flying boats was delivered to Pan Am in early 1939. The new type enabled commencement of a regular weekly transatlantic passenger and air mail service between the US and UK on 28 June 1939. The route was from New York via Shediac, Botwood and Foynes to Southampton. The single fare was $375 — equivalent to $5,300 today. From the outbreak of war, the terminal became Foynes until the service ceased for the winter on 5 October. Throughout the war, Pan Am's Boeing 314s frequently flew over the central Atlantic and worldwide in support of military operations. The Boeing 34114 Clipper was a long-range flying boat produced by Boeing from 1938 to 1941. ... is the 179th day of the year (180th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see 5th October (Serbia). ...

Pan Am planned to start land plane service over Alaska to Japan and China, and sent Lindbergh on a survey flight in 1930; however, the ongoing political upheaval in the Soviet Union and Japan made the route unviable. Trippe then decided to start a service from San Francisco to Honolulu, and from there to Hong Kong and Auckland following existing steamship routes. After negotiating rights in 1934 to land at Pearl Harbor, Midway Island, Wake Island, Guam, and Subic Bay (Manila), Pan Am shipped $500,000 worth of aeronautical equipment westward in March 1935 and ran its first survey flight to Honolulu in April with a Sikorsky S-42 flying boat. The airline won the contract for a San Francisco-Canton mail route later that year, running its first commercial flight in a Martin M-130 on November 22 to massive media fanfare. Later, Pan Am used Boeing 314 flying boats for the Pacific route: in China, passengers could connect to domestic flights on the Pan Am-operated China National Aviation Corporation (CNAC) network. The Boeing 314s were also used on transatlantic routes starting in 1939. Official language(s) None[1] Spoken language(s) English 85. ... â€œSan Franciscoâ€ redirects here. ... Honolulu as seen from the International Space Station Honolulu is the largest city and the capital of the U.S. state of Hawai‘i. ... For other uses, see Auckland (disambiguation). ... This article is about the harbor in Hawaii. ... A 1902 nautical chart of Subic Bay Subic Bay is a bay on the west coast of the island of Luzon in the Philippines, about 100 kilometers northwest of Manila Bay. ... Nickname: Motto: Linisin Ikarangal Maynila Map of Metro Manila showing the location of Manila Coordinates: 14Â°35 N 121Â° E Country Region Districts 1st to 6th districts of Manila Barangays 897 Incorporated (city) June 10, 1574 Government - Mayor Alfredo Lim (2007-2010; GO) - Vice Mayor Isko Moreno (AM/PDP-Laban... The Sikorsky S-42 was the first real transoceanic flying boat. ... There are multiple Cantons in China Canton City : Guangzhou Canton Province : Guangdong This is a disambiguation page â€” a navigational aid which lists pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... The Martin M-130 is truly a plane whose fame far surpasses its production volume. ... is the 326th day of the year (327th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... China National Aviation Corporation CNAC Logo, taken from CNAC Zhejiang Branch aircraft, which was merged with Air China. ...

The "Clippers"—the name harking back to the 19th century clipper ships—were the only American passenger aircraft of the time capable of intercontinental travel. To compete with ocean liners, the airline offered first-class seats on such flights, and the style of flight crews became more formal. Instead of being leather-jacketed, silk-scarved airmail pilots, the crews of the "Clippers" wore naval-style uniforms and adopted a set procession when boarding the aircraft.^[4] However, during World War II most of the Clippers were pressed into the military, with Pan Am flight crews operating the aircraft under contract. During this era, Pan Am pioneered a new air route across western and central Africa to Iran, and in early 1942, the airline became the first to operate a route circumnavigating the globe. Another first was in January 1943, when Franklin Roosevelt became the first U.S. president to fly abroad, in the Dixie Clipper.^[5] It was also during this period that Star Trek creator Gene Roddenberry was a Clipper pilot. He was aboard the Clipper Eclipse when it crashed in Syria on June 19, 1947. For other uses, see Clipper (disambiguation). ... InterContinental The Grand, New Delhi, 2006. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Executive class cabin in Indian (airline), the higher of the two classes offered First Class travel is a particularly high quality travel class offered by passenger airlines, railways and shipping companies. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki TÅjÅ Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ... Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882–April 12, 1945), often referred to as FDR, was the 32nd (1933–1945) President of the United States. ... The current Star Trek franchise logo Star Trek is an American science fiction entertainment series and media franchise. ... Eugene Wesley Roddenberry (August 19, 1921 â€“ October 24, 1991) was an American scriptwriter and producer. ... is the 170th day of the year (171st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Postwar developments

After the war, Pan American's fleet was quickly replaced by faster aircraft, such as the Boeing 377, Douglas DC-6, and Lockheed Constellation. For almost 40 years, Pan Am Flight 001 ruled all westbound air travel with a flight that originated in San Francisco and stopped around the world. These stops included Honolulu, Tokyo, Hong Kong, Bangkok, Calcutta, Delhi, Beirut, Istanbul, Frankfurt, London, and finally New York. The westbound flight lasted 46 hours after its first take-off. Meanwhile, Pan Am Flight 002 circled the globe eastbound. The Boeing 377 Stratocruiser was airliner version of the 367 Boeing Stratofreighter, which in turn was the transport version of B-29 Superfortress. ... The Douglas DC-6 is a piston-powered airliner and transport aircraft built by the Douglas Aircraft Company from 1946 to 1959. ... The Lockheed Constellation, affectionately known as the â€œConnieâ€, was a four-engine propeller-driven airliner built by Lockheed between 1943 and 1958 at its Burbank, California, USA, facility. ... For the city and county of Honolulu, see City & County of Honolulu. ... For other uses, see Tokyo (disambiguation). ... Location within in Thailand Coordinates: , Country Settled Ayutthaya Period Founded as capital 21 April 1782 Government - Type Special administrative area - Governer Apirak Kosayothin Area - City 1,568. ... This article is on Calcutta/Kolkata, the city. ... For other uses, see Delhi (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Beirut (disambiguation). ... Istanbul (Turkish: , Greek: , historically Byzantium and later Constantinople; see other names) is Turkeys most populous city, and its cultural and financial center. ... For other uses, see Frankfurt (disambiguation). ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ...

Although Pan Am lobbied intensively to enhance its position as the nation's international airline, it lost that distinction—first to American Overseas Airlines, and later to a number of carriers designated to compete with Pan Am in certain markets, such as TWA to Europe, Braniff to South America, Delta for domestic flights, and Northwest Orient to East Asia.^[6] In 1950, shortly after starting an around-the-world service and developing the concept of "economy class" passenger service, Pan American Airways, Inc. was renamed Pan American World Airways, Inc. American Overseas Airlines (AOA) was an airline that flew between the USA and Europe between 1945 and 1950. ... Trans World Airlines (IATA: TW, ICAO: TWA, and Callsign: TWA), commonly known as TWA, was an American airline company that was acquired by American Airlines in April 2001. ... Braniff International Airways was an American airline that existed from 1928 until 1982. ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... Delta Air Lines (NYSE: DAL) is an airline based in Atlanta, Georgia, operating a large domestic network within the USA, as well as an international network that spans Europe, Asia, and Latin America. ... Northwest Airlines (NYSE: NWA), occasionally known as NWA, is an American airline headquartered in Eagan, Minnesota, near Minneapolis-St. ...

With strong competition on many of its routes, Pan Am began investing in innovations such as jet and wide-body aircraft. Pan Am purchased the DC-8 and the Boeing 707, which Boeing modified to seat six passengers across instead of five under pressure from Pan Am. The airline inaugurated transatlantic jet service from New York to Paris on October 26, 1958, with a Boeing 707 named the Clipper America.^[7] The European Airbus A380 is the worlds largest and broadest passenger aircraft A wide-body aircraft is a large airliner with a fuselage diameter of 5 to 6 metres (16 to 20 ft). ... The Douglas DC-8 is a four-engined jet airliner, manufactured between 1959 and 1972. ... The Boeing 707 is an American four-engine commercial passenger jet airliner developed by Boeing in the early 1950s. ... is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1958 (MCMLVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Pan Am was a launch customer of the Boeing 747, initially ordering 25 of them in April 1966.^[8] On January 15, 1970, First Lady Pat Nixon officially christened a Pan Am Boeing 747 at Washington Dulles International Airport in the presence of Pan Am chairman Najeeb Halaby. Rather than breaking a bottle of champagne, Mrs. Nixon pulled a lever which sprayed red, white, and blue water on the aircraft. During the next few days Pan Am flew several of their 747 jets to various major airports in the U.S. as part of a public relations effort, allowing the public to tour the airplanes. Pan Am then began operation of the first commercially scheduled 747 service on the evening of January 21, 1970, when Clipper Victor flew from New York to London. An engine failure caused a delayed departure of several hours on this first flight, but passengers still cheered and drank champagne as the jet finally lifted off from the runway at John F. Kennedy International Airport. The Boeing 747, commonly nicknamed the Jumbo Jet, is a long-haul, widebody commercial airliner manufactured by Boeing. ... is the 15th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Thelma Catherine Pat Ryan Nixon (March 16, 1912 â€“ June 22, 1993) was the wife of former President Richard Nixon and the First Lady of the United States of America from 1969 to 1974. ... FAA Airport Diagram Washington Dulles International Airport (IATA: IAD, ICAO: KIAD, FAA LID: IAD) is a public airport located 25 miles (32 km) west of the central business district of Washington, D.C., in Loudoun County, Virginia, United States. ... Photo courtesy of AUB Najeeb Halaby (Arabic: â€Ž; September 19, 1915 - July 2, 2003) was a U.S. businessman, government official, and the father of Queen Noor of Jordan. ... is the 21st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... , For the regional airport in Wisconsin, see John F. Kennedy Memorial Airport. ...

Pan Am was also one of the first three airlines to sign options for the Concorde, but like other airlines that took out options—with the exception of British Overseas Airways Corporation and Air France—it did not actually purchase the supersonic jet. It was also a potential customer for the abandoned Boeing 2707, the American supersonic project that never saw service. For other uses, see Concorde (disambiguation). ... BOAC Logo The British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) was the British state airline from 1939 until 1946 and the long-haul British state airline from 1946. ... Air France (Compagnie Nationale Air France) is an airline based in Paris, France, a subsidiary of Air France-KLM Group and is the international flag carrier of France. ... The Boeing 2707 was developed as the first American supersonic transport (SST). ...

In the 1950s, Pan Am diversified into other areas. Some of the businesses that Pan Am bought into included a hotel chain, the InterContinental Hotel, and a business jet, the Falcon. The airline was involved in creating a missile-tracking range in the South Atlantic, and in operating a nuclear-engine testing laboratory in Nevada.^[9] InterContinental The Grand, New Delhi, 2006. ... The Falcon is a family of business jets manufactured by Dassault Aviation. ... This article is about the U.S. State of Nevada. ...

With traffic increasing in 1962, Pan Am commissioned IBM to build PANAMAC, a large computer that booked airline and hotel reservations. It also held large amounts of information about cities, countries, airports, aircraft, hotels, and restaurants. The computer came to occupy the fourth floor of the Pan Am Building, which was then under construction in midtown Manhattan and was to be the largest commercial office building in the world for some time. For other uses, see IBM (disambiguation) and Big Blue. ... The MetLife Building in New York City The MetLife Building, formerly the Pan Am Building, is located at 200 Park Avenue in New York City. ...

Pan Am also built Worldport, a terminal building at John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York that was the world's largest airline terminal for many years. It was distinguished by its elliptical, four-acre (16,000 m²) roof, suspended far from the outside columns of the terminal below by 32 sets of steel posts and cables. The terminal was designed to allow passengers to board and disembark via stairs without getting wet by parking the nose of the aircraft under the overhang. The introduction of the jetbridge made this feature obsolete. Continuing the airline's tradition of bold architecture, Pan Am built a gilded training building in the style of Edward Durell Stone designed by Steward-Skinner Architects in Miami.^[10] Worldport was the trademarked name for Delta Air Lines Terminal 3 at John F. Kennedy International Airport when it was owned by Pan American World Airways. ... , For the regional airport in Wisconsin, see John F. Kennedy Memorial Airport. ... New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ... Jetway is the registered trademark of FMC Technologies, Inc. ...

At its peak, Pan Am was providing scheduled service to every continent except for Antarctica. Many of its routes were between New York, Europe, and South America, and between Miami and the Caribbean. Starting in 1964, the airline was providing helicopter service between New York's major airports and Manhattan.^[11] Aside from the DC-8, the Boeing 707 and 747, the Pan Am jet fleet also included Boeing 720s, 727s (which replaced the 720s), 737s, and Boeing 747SPs, which allowed Pan Am to fly nonstop flights from New York to Tokyo. The airline also operated Lockheed L-1011s, DC-10s, and Airbus A300s and A310s. New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... Nickname: Location in Miami-Dade County and the state of Florida Coordinates: , Country State County Miami-Dade Incorporated July 28, 1896 Government - Type Mayor-Commissioner Plan - Mayor Manny Diaz (I) - City Manager Pedro G. Hernandez - City Attorney Jorge L. Fernandez - City Clerk Priscilla Thompson Area - City 55. ... â€œWest Indianâ€ redirects here. ... For other uses, see Helicopter (disambiguation). ... Pan Am 707 The Boeing 707 is a four engined commercial passenger jet aircraft developed by Boeing in the early 1950s. ... The Boeing 727 is a mid-size, narrow-body, three-engine commercial jet airliner. ... The Boeing 737 is an American short to medium range, single aisle, narrow body jet airliner. ... The Boeing 747SP is a highly modified version of Boeings Boeing 747-100 offering special performance. Known during development as the short body 747SB, the shortened fuselage permitted longer range flights to be made. ... The Lockheed L-1011 TriStar, commonly referred to as just L-1011 (pronounced ell-ten-eleven), was the third widebody passenger jet airliner to enter operation, following the Boeing 747 and the McDonnell Douglas DC-10. ... Biman Bangladesh Airlines McDonnell Douglas DC-10 The McDonnell Douglas DC-10 is a three-engined long-range airliner, with two engines mounted on underwing pylons and a third engine at the base of the vertical stabilizer. ... The Airbus A300 is a short to medium range widebody aircraft. ... The Airbus A310 is a short to medium range widebody airliner developed from the Airbus A300 and manufactured by Airbus Industrie. ...

The airline also participated in several notable humanitarian flights. Pan Am operated 650 flights a week between West Germany and West Berlin, first with the DC-6B and, in 1966, with the Boeing 727.^[12] Pan Am also flew R&R (Rest and Recreation) flights during the Vietnam War. These flights carried American service personnel for R&R leaves in Hong Kong, Tokyo, and other Asian cities. Boroughs of West Berlin West Berlin was the name given to the western part of Berlin between 1949 and 1990. ... The Douglas DC-6 is a piston-powered airliner and transport aircraft built by the Douglas Aircraft Company from 1946 to 1959. ... Combatants Republic of Vietnam United States Republic of Korea Thailand Australia New Zealand The Philippines National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam Democratic Republic of Vietnam Peopleâ€™s Republic of China Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea Strength US 1,000,000 South Korea 300,000 Australia 48,000... For other uses, see Tokyo (disambiguation). ...

At its height during the early 1970s, Pan Am's advertising made the airline well known for its trademark slogan, "World's Most Experienced Airline."^[13] At this time it was well regarded for its state-of-the-art aircraft and the destinations it served in as many as 160 nations.^[14] The airline was respected for the experience and professionalism of its crews; cabin staff were multilingual and usually college graduates, frequently with nursing training.^[15] During this period Pan Am's onboard service and cuisine, inspired by Maxim's de Paris, were delivered "with a personal flair that has rarely been equaled."^[16] The facade of Maxims Restaurant Maxims is the name of a restaurant in Paris, France, located on the rue Royale. ...

Downturn

The 1973 energy crisis significantly impacted Pan Am's operational costs. In addition to high fuel prices, low demand for air travel and an oversupply in the international air travel market (partly caused by federal route awards to other airlines, such as the Transpacific Route Case) reduced the number of passengers Pan Am carried, as well as its profit margins. Like other major airlines, Pan Am had invested in a large fleet of new 747s with the expectation that demand for air travel would continue to rise, which was not always the case. Pan Am 747 The copyright status of this image is undetermined; it may still be copyrighted. ... Pan Am 747 The copyright status of this image is undetermined; it may still be copyrighted. ... Runway layout at LAX â€œLAXâ€ redirects here. ... (Redirected from 1973 energy crisis) United States, drivers of vehicles with odd numbered license plates were allowed to purchase gasoline only on odd-numbered days of the month, while drivers with even-numbers were limited to even-numbered days. ... The Transpacific Route Case was a major administrative law case argued before the Civil Aeronautics Board for much of the 1960s. ...

On September 23, 1974, a group of Pan Am employees published an ad in the New York Times to register their disagreement over federal policies which they felt were harming the financial viability of their employer.^[17] The ad cited discrepancies in airport landing fees, such as Pan Am paying $4,200 to land a plane in Sydney, Australia, while the Australian carrier, Qantas, paid only $178 to land a jet in Los Angeles. The ad also contended that the U.S. Postal Service was paying foreign airlines five times as much to carry U.S. mail in comparison to Pan Am. Finally, the ad questioned why the Export-Import Bank of the United States loaned money to Japan, France, and Saudi Arabia at six percent interest while Pan Am paid 12%. is the 266th day of the year (267th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. ... The New York Times is a daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed internationally. ... Qantas (Qantas Airways Limited) (pronounced ) is the name and callsign of the national airline of Australia. ... USPS and Usps redirect here. ... The Export-Import Bank of the United States (Ex-Im Bank, Exim Bank or Eximbank) is the official export credit agency of the United States Government. ...

To remain competitive with other airlines, Pan Am began trying to make inroads in the U.S. domestic market. After several failed attempts to win approval for domestic routes, the enactment of airline deregulation finally allowed Pan Am to begin domestic flights between its U.S. hubs in 1979. On the other hand, deregulation hurt Pan Am since the airline did not have a domestic route system beforehand, a result of Juan Trippe's focus on dominating the overseas market. Meanwhile, airlines with domestic routes were now competing with Pan Am on international routes as well.^[18] Airline deregulation is the process of removing restrictions on airlines affecting, in particular, which carriers are permitted to serve particular routes. ... Trippe, Time, 1933 Juan Terry Trippe (June 27, 1899 â€“ April 3, 1981) was an airline entrepreneur and pioneer. ...

Under the direction of Chairman William Seawell, Pan Am grew a domestic-route network overnight by absorbing National Airlines in 1980 in what was described as the "Coup of the Decade." The acquisition of National Airlines provided Pan Am with a much needed domestic feeder service for its international route structure. Operations Coordinator Richard Stern of National Airlines was appointed Acting Director of Operations of Pan Am's southeastern region for his role in facilitating the takeover of the lucrative domestic carrier, which had been headed by Bud Maytag (of the appliance giant family). Subsequent to the takeover, Stern relocated Pan Am's corporate headquarters from New York to Miami, occupying National Airline's former General Offices adjacent to Miami International Airport. Stern believed that the acquisition would hold Pan Am in good stead for the next decade in spite of the impact of deregulation on U.S. trunk carriers. However, a bidding war with Texas Air's Frank Lorenzo had caused Pan Am to pay far more than the actual value of National Airlines. Pan Am paid a record $50.00 per share for the National Airlines stock, described by market speculators as an over-inflated price. Sewell claimed the price paid was justified due to National's ownership of 95% of their Boeing and Lockheed fleet. William Thomas Seawell (27 January 1918 in Pine Bluff, Arkansas - 20 May 2005) was a Brigadier General in the United States Air Force and former head of Pan Am. ... The final logo of National Airlines This article is about one of the airlines that have shared this name. ... Francisco A. Lorenzo is an investment manager, entrepreneur, philanthropist, and a former airline CEO in the United States. ... â€œUSDâ€ redirects here. ...

The combined company continued to accumulate debt due to incompatible fleets (Pan Am had L-1011s with Rolls-Royce engines while National used DC-10s with GE engines), incompatible route networks (National's operations concentrated on Florida), increased labor costs at National as a result harmonizing pay scales with Pan Am, and incompatible corporate cultures. Seawell attempted to save the airline by selling off some of its assets, including the Pan Am Building to MetLife in 1981 and the company's entire Pacific route network to United Airlines in 1985. The extra money was invested in new aircraft such as the Airbus A310 and Airbus A320, although the A320s were never delivered. The airline also started a shuttle service between Boston, New York, and Washington, D.C. Nevertheless, financial losses as well as growing criticism of poor service continued to plague Pan Am. This article is about the aircraft engine company. ... â€œGEâ€ redirects here. ... The MetLife Building in New York City The MetLife Building, formerly the Pan Am Building, is located at 200 Park Avenue in New York City. ... MetLife, Inc. ... United Airlines, also known as United Air Lines, Inc. ... The Airbus A310 is a medium to long-range widebody airliner manufactured by Airbus S.A.S. It was Airbus second model to be introduced, and is a shortened derivative of the A300. ... The Airbus A320 family of short-to-medium range commercial passenger aircraft are manufactured by Airbus S.A.S.. Family members include the A318, A319, A320, and A321, as well as the ACJ business jet. ... â€œBostonâ€ redirects here. ... This article is about the state. ... For other uses, see Washington, D.C. (disambiguation). ...

Pan Am's iconic image also made it a target for terrorists. In an attempt to convince the public that the airline was safe to fly with and to address lapses in its own security, Pan Am created a security system called Alert Management Systems in 1986. The new system did little to improve security. This was further exacerbated by financial concerns, in which the airline decided to keep security at a minimum so as to not inconvenience its passengers and lose business during departure. The FAA fined Pan Am for nineteen security failures, out of the 236 that were detected amongst 29 airlines in December 1988.^[19] Terrorist redirects here. ... â€œFAAâ€ redirects here. ...

Finally, the airline began to fall apart following the 1986 hijacking of Pan Am Flight 73 in Pakistan, in which 20 passengers and crew were killed with 120 more injured, and the 1988 bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 (Clipper Maid of the Seas) above Lockerbie, Scotland, which resulted in 270 fatalities. Many travelers avoided booking on Pan Am as they had begun to associate the airline with danger. Faced with a $300 million lawsuit filed by more than 100 families of the PA103 victims, the airline subpoenaed records of six U.S. government agencies, including the CIA, the Drug Enforcement Administration, and the State Department. Though the records suggested that the U.S. government was aware of warnings of a bombing and failed to pass the information to the airline, the families claimed that Pan Am was attempting to shift the blame.^[20] Pan Am Flight 73 was hijacked on September 5, 1986, by four armed men of the Abu Nidal organization. ... PA 103 redirects here. ... Lockerbie Town Hall, 2006. ... This article is about the country. ... â€œCIAâ€ redirects here. ... The DEAs enforcement activities may take agents anywhere from distant countries to suburban U.S. homes. ... â€œDepartment of Stateâ€ redirects here. ...

The Gulf War, which began in August 1990, brought transatlantic air traffic to a trickle. On October 23, 1990, the airline sold off its profitable London Heathrow routes, arguably Pan Am's biggest international destination, to United Airlines. (The routes would be transferred in April 1991, after British and American regulatory approvals.) This left Pan Am with its only London flights being two daily flights to Gatwick. Pan Am also sold German routes to Berlin to Lufthansa in 1990.^[21] Lufthansa had previously not been allowed to fly to Berlin, but such restrictions were lifted with the reunification of East and West Germany. Nevertheless, Pan Am was forced to declare bankruptcy on January 8, 1991. Delta Air Lines purchased the remaining profitable assets of Pan Am, including its remaining European routes and the Pan Am Worldport at JFK Airport, and injected some cash into a smaller Pan Am predominantly serving the Caribbean and Latin America. During that time, Pan Am continued to incur heavy losses. The Boston-New York LaGuardia-Washington National shuttle service was taken over by Delta in September, 1991.^[22] Its operations finally ended on December 4, 1991, when Delta cut off its support. For other uses, see Iraq war (disambiguation). ... is the 296th day of the year (297th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ... London Heathrow Airport (IATA airport code: LHR, ICAO airport code: EGLL, and often simply Heathrow) is the United Kingdoms busiest and best-connected airport. ... United Airlines, also known as United Air Lines, Inc. ... Gatwick Airport (IATA: LGW, ICAO: EGKK) is Londons second largest airport and the second busiest airport in the UK after Heathrow. ... Notice of closure stuck on the door of a computer store the day after its parent company, Granville Technology Group Ltd, declared bankruptcy (strictly, put into administrationâ€”see text) in the United Kingdom. ... is the 8th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the 1991 Gregorian calendar). ... Delta Air Lines, Inc. ... is the 338th day of the year (339th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the 1991 Gregorian calendar). ...

Pan Am later sold aircraft to other companies and countries, three Tristar aircraft were sold to the Royal Air Force. â€œRAFâ€ redirects here. ...

Post downturn developments

Pan Am's last scheduled flight was Pan Am Flight 436 from Bridgetown, Barbados, to Miami. The plane was a Boeing 727 named the Clipper Goodwill. Pan Am's last remaining hub at Miami International Airport was split during the following years between United Airlines, who took most of the routes, and American Airlines, who took most of the terminal space. The "Pan Am Blue Earth Globe" aircraft livery brand was sold to investors and has resulted in a number of resurrections of this iconic and historically significant airlines name. Among these are: Bridgetown, population 5,928 (1990), formerly the Town of Saint Michael, is the capital city lies in the Caribbean island nation of Barbados. ... Nickname: Location in Miami-Dade County and the state of Florida Coordinates: , Country State County Miami-Dade Incorporated July 28, 1896 Government - Type Mayor-Commissioner Plan - Mayor Manny Diaz (I) - City Manager Pedro G. Hernandez - City Attorney Jorge L. Fernandez - City Clerk Priscilla Thompson Area - City 55. ... An airline hub is an airport that an airline uses as a transfer point to get passengers to their intended destination. ... Destinations with direct service from Miami Miami International Airport (IATA: MIA, ICAO: KMIA, FAA LID: MIA) is a public airport located eight miles (13 km) northwest of the central business district of Miami, in unincorporated Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States. ... United Airlines, also known as United Air Lines, Inc. ... American Airlines, Inc. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... A brand includes a name, logo, slogan, and/or design scheme associated with a product or service. ... An investor is any party that makes an investment. ... The Savior Not Made By Hands (1410s, by Andrei Rublev) An icon (from Greek εικων, eikon, image) is an artistic visual representation or symbol of anything considered holy and divine, such as God, saints or deities. ...

Pan Am II focused upon the low-cost market, and long-distance flights between the U.S. and the Caribbean. It used the IATA airline designator PN. Pan Am II operated Airbus A-300 aircraft. Pan American Airways (IATA: PN, ICAO: N/A, and Callsign: N/A) was founded in 1996 after an investment group including Charles Cobb, the former Ambassador to Iceland, purchased the rights to the venerable Pan American brand after the original carrier declared bankruptcy. ... Boeing 737-200 of low-cost Irish airline Ryanair A low-cost carrier (also known as a no-frills or discount carrier) is an airline that offers low fares but eliminates most traditional passenger services. ... â€œWest Indianâ€ redirects here. ... IATA airline designators, sometimes called IATA reservation codes, are two-character codes assigned by the International Air Transport Association (IATA) to the worlds airlines in accordance with the provisions of Resolution 762. ... Pan American Airways (IATA: PN, ICAO: N/A, and Callsign: N/A) was founded in 1996 after an investment group including Charles Cobb, the former Ambassador to Iceland, purchased the rights to the venerable Pan American brand after the original carrier declared bankruptcy. ... The Airbus A300 is a short to medium range, wide-body family of aircraft manufactured by Airbus Industries between 1972 and the present. ...

Pan Am III was unrelated to Pan Am and Pan Am II, and was to become the mainline sister carrier that operated larger Boeing 727-200s, to a small regional carrier based in Portsmouth, New Hampshire which operated Jetstream 31s. Pan Am III aircraft used the IATA code PA, and the ICAO code PAA. The regional airline Boston-Maine Airways had gained Pan Am III from the misfortunes of Pan Am II by way of Guilford, its parent company. In June 1998, the Pan Am brand was sold by a second incarnation of Pan Am to Guilford Transportation Industries, a railroad company headed by Tim Mellon of the Pittsburgh banking family. ... A mainline flight is one that is operated by an airliners main operating unit, rather than by its regional alliance, regional code-share or regional subsidiary. ... An Airbus A380 of Emirates Airline An airline provides air transport services for passengers or freight. ... Sun Country 727 The Boeing 727 was, for a very long time, the most popular jet_liner in the world. ... Regional Airlines redirects here. ... Location in Rockingham County, New Hampshire Coordinates: , Country State County Rockingham County Incorporated 1653 Government - Mayor Steve Marchand - City manager John P. Bohenko Area - City 16. ... Official language(s) English Capital Concord Largest city Manchester Area Ranked 46th - Total 9,350 sq mi (24,217 kmÂ²) - Width 68 miles (110 km) - Length 190 miles (305 km) - % water 4. ... The Handley Page HP.137 Jetstream was a small twin turboprop airliner, with a pressurised fuselage, designed to meet the requirements of the United States feederliner and regional airline market. ... â€œIATAâ€ redirects here. ... The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), an agency of the United Nations, codifies the principles and techniques of international air navigation and fosters the planning and development of international air transport to ensure safe and orderly growth. ... Regional Airlines redirects here. ... Boston-Maine Airways (BMA) is an airline based in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, USA. It is a scheduled and charter passenger carrier operating as the Pan Am Clipper Connection. ... In June 1998, the Pan Am brand was sold by a second incarnation of Pan Am to Guilford Transportation Industries, a railroad company headed by Tim Mellon of the Pittsburgh banking family. ... Guilford Transportation Industries (GTI) is a transportation holding company which controls Guilford Rail System, a regional freight railroad network that covers most of northern New England, and the resurrected Pan American Airways, with Boston-Maine Airways a charter and scheduled airline operating between the northeastern United States and Florida and... A holding company is a company that owns enough voting stock in another firm to control management and operations by influencing or electing its board of directors. ...

. Image File history File links Grumman_G-73. ... Image File history File links Grumman_G-73. ... The Grumman G-73 Mallard is a large, twin-radial engine amphibious aircraft. ... Boeing 314 A flying boat is an aircraft that is designed to take off and land on water, in particular a type of seaplane which uses its fuselage as a floating hull (instead of pontoons mounted below the fuselage). ...

Pan Am IV was operated by regional airline Boston-Maine Airways under the name of Pan Am. This was due to a labor dispute involving Guilford, the transportation owners of the Boston-Maine Airways and the similarly named Pan Am Railways. Guilford attempted to operate a combined fleet of Jetstream 31s and Boeing 727-200 aircraft, until a federal investigation into fraudulent financial activities shut the Pan Am branded 727 portion of its airline operations and halted the regional airlines plans of continued expansion. Pan Am's operating certificate is no longer valid however a version of its original brand logo still remains. Boston-Maine Airways (BMA) is an airline based in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, USA. It is a scheduled and charter passenger carrier operating as the Pan Am Clipper Connection. ... Guilford Transportation Industries (GTI) is a transportation holding company which controls Guilford Rail System, a regional freight railroad network that covers most of northern New England, and the resurrected Pan American Airways, with Boston-Maine Airways a charter and scheduled airline operating between the northeastern United States and Florida and... Boston-Maine Airways (BMA) (IATA: E9, ICAO: CXS, and Callsign: Clipper Connection) is an airline based in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, USA. It is a scheduled and charter passenger carrier operating as the Pan Am Clipper Connection. ... Pan Am Railways boxcar at Rigby Yard, South Portland, ME, August 2006. ... Guilford Transportation Industries (GTI) is a transportation holding company which controls Guilford Rail System, a regional freight railroad network that covers most of northern New England, and the resurrected Pan American Airways, with Boston-Maine Airways a charter and scheduled airline operating between the northeastern United States and Florida and... The Handley Page HP.137 Jetstream was a small twin turboprop airliner, with a pressurised fuselage, designed to meet the requirements of the United States feederliner and regional airline market. ... The Boeing 727 is a mid-size, narrow-body, three-engine commercial jet airliner. ...

Remnants of Pan am IV, still operate but as the "Pan Am Clipper Connection." Since 2006, the Pan Am brand, colors, and logos have been used by Guilford companies Pan Am Railways, a regional railroad operating in northern New England, and the same, "holding company" owners of regional airline Boston-Maine Airways. Guilford Transportation Industries itself, was renamed Pan Am Systems in 2006. Since then, the venerable Pan Am brand, aircraft livery, image, and name, which once traversed the worlds ocean, is now emblazoned across Pan Am Systems' railroad and airline holdings, be it be it in the slightly modified "Clipper Connection" and still trademarked Pan Am "Clipper" banner form. Pan Am Railways boxcar at Rigby Yard, South Portland, ME, August 2006. ... This is the top-level page of WikiProject trains Rail tracks Rail transport refers to the land transport of passengers and goods along railways or railroads. ... This article is about the region in the United States of America. ... Regional Airlines redirects here. ... Boston-Maine Airways (BMA) is an airline based in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, USA. It is a scheduled and charter passenger carrier operating as the Pan Am Clipper Connection. ... Pan Am logo. ... A brand includes a name, logo, slogan, and/or design scheme associated with a product or service. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Pan Am logo. ... â€œ(TM)â€ redirects here. ...

In his book, Pan Am: An Aviation Legend, Barnaby Conrad contends that the collapse of Pan Am was a combination of corporate mismanagement, government indifference to protecting its prime international carrier, and flawed regulatory policy.^[23] He cites an observation made by former Pan Am Vice President for External Affairs, Stanley Gewirtz:

What could go wrong did. No one who followed Juan Trippe had the foresight to do something strongly positive .... it was the most astonishing example of Murphy's Law in extremis. The sale of Pan Am's profitable parts was inevitable to the company's destruction. There were not enough pieces to build on.^[24] Trippe, Time, 1933 Juan Terry Trippe (June 27, 1899 â€“ April 3, 1981) was an airline entrepreneur and pioneer. ... It has been suggested that Finagles law and Sods law be merged into this article or section. ...

Record-setting flights

During the mid-1970s, there were two Pan Am flights operated around the world to set or break previous around-the-world flying records. Liberty Bell Express, a Boeing 747SP-21 named Clipper Liberty Bell with registration number N533PA, broke the commercial plane around-the-world record set by a Flying Tiger Line Boeing 707, with the new record of 46 hours, 50 seconds. The flight left New York-JFK on May 1, 1976, and came back on May 3, 1976. The flight made only two stopovers during the journey, one in New Delhi and the other in Tokyo-Haneda, where a two-hour delay was made because of a strike among the airport workers. Nevertheless, the flight beat the Flying Tiger Line's old record by 16 hours and 24 minutes.^[25] The Boeing 747, commonly nicknamed the Jumbo Jet, is a long-haul, widebody commercial airliner manufactured by Boeing. ... Flying Tiger Line, also known as Flying Tigers, was the first scheduled cargo airline in the United States and a major military charter operator during the Cold War era for both cargo and personnel (the latter with leased aircraft). ... The Boeing 707 is an American four-engine commercial passenger jet airliner developed by Boeing in the early 1950s. ... This article is about the state. ... is the 121st day of the year (122nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1976 Pick up sticks(MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 123rd day of the year (124th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1976 Pick up sticks(MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... , This article is about the urban region that is the capital of India. ... For other uses, see Tokyo (disambiguation). ...

In order to commemorate Pan Am's 50th birthday, the airline organized yet another around-the-world flight over the North Pole and the South Pole, this time with three stopovers in London-Heathrow, Cape Town and Auckland before going back to its origin — San Francisco. The 747SP-21 used this time, Clipper New Horizons, is actually the former Liberty Bell, making the plane the only one to go around the globe over the Equator (as Liberty Bell) and the Poles (as New Horizons). The flight made it in 54 hours, 7 minutes, and 12 seconds, creating six new world records certified by the FAI. The captain who commanded this flight also commanded the Liberty Bell Express flight.^[26] For other uses, see North Pole (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see South Pole (disambiguation). ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... Nickname: Motto: Spes Bona (Latin for Good Hope) Location of the City of Cape Town in Western Cape Province Coordinates: , Country Province Municipality City of Cape Town Metropolitan Municipality Founded 1652 Government [1] - Type City council - Mayor Helen Zille - City manager Achmat Ebrahim Area - City 2,499 kmÂ² (964. ... For other uses, see Auckland (disambiguation). ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ... World map showing the equator in red In tourist areas, the equator is often marked on the sides of roads The equator marked as it crosses IlhÃ©u das Rolas, in SÃ£o TomÃ© and PrÃncipe. ... FÃ©dÃ©ration AÃ©ronautique Internationale The FÃ©dÃ©ration AÃ©ronautique Internationale (FAI) is a standard setting and record-keeping body for aeronautics and astronautics. ...

Popular culture

Pan Am held a lofty position in the popular culture of the Cold War era. One of the most famous images of the company was The Beatles' 1964 arrival at JFK Airport aboard a Pan Am Boeing 707-331, Clipper Defiance. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (555x768, 87 KB)2001 Space Odyssey movie poster using the art of Robert McCall. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (555x768, 87 KB)2001 Space Odyssey movie poster using the art of Robert McCall. ... Since the start of commercial aviation, many airlines have arranged to have their planes displayed prominently in movies. ... For other uses, see Cold War (disambiguation). ... The White Album, see The Beatles (album). ... The Boeing 707 is an American four-engine commercial passenger jet airliner developed by Boeing in the early 1950s. ...

From 1964 to 1968, con artist Frank Abagnale, Jr., masqueraded as a Pan Am pilot, deadheading to many destinations in the cockpit jump seat. He also used Pan Am's preferred hotels, paid the bills with bogus checks, and later cashed fake payroll checks in Pan Am's name. He documented this stage in the novel Catch Me if You Can, which became a movie in 2002. Abagnale called Pan Am the "Ritz-Carlton of airlines" and noted that the days of luxury in airline travel are over.^[27] Frank William Abagnale, Jr. ... In an aircraft flight deck, a jump seat (or jumpseat), officially known as an auxiliary crew station, is a seat for individuals not operating the aircraft. ... Catch Me If You Can is a 2002 motion picture set in the 1960s. ...

During the Apollo program, Pan Am sold tickets for future flights to the moon. These later became valuable collector's items. A fictional Pan Am "Space Clipper," a commercial spaceplane called the Orion III, had a prominent role in Stanley Kubrick's film 2001: A Space Odyssey, featured in the movie's poster. Plastic models of the 2001 Pan Am Space Clipper went on sale by the Aurora Company at the time of the film's release in 1968. A satire of the movie by Mad magazine in 1968 showed Pan Am stewardesses in "Actionwear by Monsanto" outfits as they joked about the problems their passengers faced while vomiting in zero gravity. The film's sequel, 2010: The Year We Make Contact, also featured Pan Am in a background television commercial in the home of David Bowman's widow with the slogan, "At Pan Am, the sky is no longer the limit." In the recent sci-fi series Battlestar Galactica, one of the ships in the rag-tag fleet of survivors wandering the cosmos is a "Pan Galactic" or "Pan Gal" starliner. The ship bears Pan Am colors and the Pan Gal logo is nearly identical to Pan American's old logo. The airline appeared in other movies, notably in several James Bond films. The company's Boeing 707s were featured in Dr. No, From Russia with Love, and the well-known parody Casino Royale, while a Pan Am 747 and the Worldport appeared in Live and Let Die. The airline's logo was featured in Licence to Kill, where James Bond checks in for a Pan Am flight that he ultimately doesn't board. Project Apollo was a series of human spaceflight missions undertaken by the United States of America (NASA) using the Apollo spacecraft and Saturn launch vehicle, conducted during the years 1961 â€“ 1975. ... This article is about Earths moon. ... A spaceplane is a rocket plane designed to pass the edge of space. ... A Pan Am Orion III approaching Space Station V Cockpit of the Orion III The Orion III is a fictional passenger spaceplane seen in the movie 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... â€œKubrickâ€ redirects here. ... Harvey Kurtzmans cover for the first issue of the comic book Mad Mad is an American humor magazine founded by publisher William Gaines and editor Harvey Kurtzman in 1952. ... (Redirected from 2010: The Year We Make Contact) 2010: Odyssey Two, is a science fiction novel by Arthur C. Clarke (January 1982) and also a motion picture (1984) by Peter Hyams entitled simply 2010, or sometimes 2010: The Year We Make Contact. ... Keir Dullea as David Bowman. ... The Battlestar Galactica science fiction franchise, which began as a 1978 TV series, was reimagined in 2003 into the TV miniseries. ... â€œ007â€ redirects here. ... The Boeing 707 is an American four-engine commercial passenger jet airliner developed by Boeing in the early 1950s. ... Dr. No is a 1962 spy film. ... For the video game, see From Russia with Love (video game). ... This article contains a trivia section. ... Worldport was the trademarked name for Delta Air Lines Terminal 3 at John F. Kennedy International Airport when it was owned by Pan American World Airways. ... Live and Let Die is the 8th film in the British James Bond series and the first to star Roger Moore as MI6 agent James Bond. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ...

In Japan, Pan Am was a major sponsor of sumo wrestling from 1961 to 1991 (continuing after its exit from the trans-Pacific market). Far East regional manager David Jones, who awarded the Pan American Trophy to the top wrestler at the end of each tournament, was a minor celebrity in the world of Japanese sports. The airline also lent its name and logo to a line of puzzles produced by puzzle manufacturer Tuco in the 1960s and 1970s. The puzzles depicted exotic locales that travelers might reach via Pan Am. Pan Am was also sponsor of major sporting events such as the FIFA World Cup (the only time in 1970) and the Olympic Games (the last time in 1988). Bullitt is a 1968 action crime mystery thriller film starring Steve McQueen, Robert Vaughn and Jacqueline Bisset, with Don Gordon, Robert Duvall, Carl Reindel, Felice Orlandi, Vic Tayback, Pat Renella, Paul Genge, Bill Hickman, Norman Fell and Brandy Carroll. ... FAA diagram of SFO â€œSFOâ€ redirects here. ... Steve McQueen (March 24, 1930 â€“ November 7, 1980) was an Academy Award-nominated American movie actor, nicknamed The King of Cool.[1] He was one of the biggest box-office draws of the 1960s and 1970s due to a popular anti-hero persona. ... Isabel Sarli born Hilda Isabel Sarli Gorrindo Tito (July 9, 1935 in Concordia, Entre RÃos, Argentina) is a retired Argentine actress, and model and a sex-symbol of the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s. ... This article is about the capital city of Panama. ... Panama (Spanish: PanamÃ¡) is the southernmost country of Central America. ... For other uses, see Buenos Aires (disambiguation). ... Armando Bo (May 3, 1914 - October 8, 1981 in Buenos Aires) was an Argentine film actor, film director, film producer, screenwriter and score composer of the classic era. ... A list of films produced in Argentina by year in the 1960s in the List of Argentine films // Argentine film at the Internet Movie Database List of films by region and country Cinema of Argentina Film Chronology â€¢ 1897-1929 â€¢ 1930s â€¢ 1940s â€¢ 1950s â€¢ 1960s â€¢ 1970s â€¢ 1980s â€¢ 1990s â€¢ 2000s Actors â€¢ Awards â€¢ Composers... This article is about the 1982 film. ... This article is about the 1982 film. ... Scarface is a 1983 film directed by Brian De Palma, written by Oliver Stone and starring Al Pacino as Antonio Tony Montana. ... Antonio Tony Montana is a fictional character in the Brian DePalma film Scarface, portrayed by Al Pacino. ... I Love Lucy is a television situation comedy, starring Desi Arnaz and Lucille Ball, also featuring Vivian Vance and William Frawley. ... High Spirits is a collection of short stories by Canadian author Robertson Davies. ... Peter Seamus OToole (born August 2, 1932, uncertain but presumed correct date[1]) is an eight-time Academy Award-nominated Irish actor. ... For other persons named Robin Williams, see Robin Williams (disambiguation). ... Hook is a 1991 family action/adventure film directed by Steven Spielberg, starring Robin Williams, Dustin Hoffman, Julia Roberts, Bob Hoskins and Maggie Smith. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... For other uses, see Phantom. ... The Family Man is a 2000 Brett Ratner film starring Nicolas Cage (as Jack Campbell) and TÃ©a Leoni, about a man who is given a glimpse at what could have been, if he had made a different decision 13 years ago. ... Nicolas Cage (born January 7, 1964) is an Academy Award-winning American actor. ... , For the regional airport in Wisconsin, see John F. Kennedy Memorial Airport. ... The Twa, also known as Batwa, are a pygmy people who were the oldest recorded inhabitants of the Great Lakes region of central Africa. ... For the Welsh murderer, see Howard Hughes (murderer). ... For other uses, see Aviator (disambiguation) The Aviator is an Academy Award-winning 2004 biographical drama film, directed by Martin Scorsese, and based largely on the book Hughes by Richard Hack. ... For other uses, see Sumo (disambiguation). ... For the club competition, see FIFA Club World Cup. ... Qualifying countries The 1970 FIFA World Cup, the ninth staging of the World Cup, was held in Mexico, from May 31 to June 21. ... The five Olympic rings were designed in 1913, adopted in 1914 and debuted at the Games at Antwerp, 1920. ...

A term used in popular psychology is "Pan American (or Pan Am) Smile." Named after the greeting flight attendants (or at least actresses playing flight attendants on TV advertisements) supposedly gave to passengers, it consists of a perfunctory mouth movement without the activity of facial muscles around the eyes that characterizes a genuine smile. It was parodied periodically throughout the film Toy Story 2, where the Barbie doll was modeled after, and dressed like, a Pan Am flight attendant. This does not cite its references or sources. ... Flight attendants, formerly called sky girls, air hostesses, stewardesses and stewards hold the primary responsibility for the safety and comfort of airline passengers. ... Toy Story 2 is a CGI animation film and the sequel to Toy Story, and the third Disney / Pixar feature film, which featured the adventures of a group of toys that come to life when humans are not around to see them. ... Information Occupation See: Barbies careers Family See: List of Barbies friends and family Created by Ruth Handler Barbie is a best-selling fashion doll launched in 1959. ... Information in this article or section has not been verified against sources and may not be reliable. ...

Accidents and terrorist events

Pan Am aircraft were involved in 75 notable accidents and other fatal events.^[28] The first occurred on July 16, 1932, when a Ford Trimotor crashed into a mountain in Vitacura, Chile. All nine people on board perished. JetBlue Airways Flight 292 making an emergency landing with the nose landing gear turned sideways The following is a list of accidents and incidents on commercial airlines grouped by airline. ... is the 197th day of the year (198th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1932 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Ford Trimotor G-CYWZ of the Royal Canadian Air Force. ... Vitacura at night Vitacura is Chiles richest municipality (comuna). It is located in the northeastern area of Chiles capital Santiago. ...

One of the accidents that involved a Pan Am plane led to the FAA's ordering the installation of safety devices on aircraft. A Pan Am 707, named the Clipper Tradewind and operating as Flight 214, was in a holding pattern on a flight from Baltimore to Philadelphia when it was last seen going down in flames on December 8, 1963. It was determined that lightning had ignited vapors in the plane's fuel tanks. As a result of the disaster, lightning discharge wicks were installed on all commercial airliners.^[29] â€œFAAâ€ redirects here. ... Pan Am Flight 214 was a domestic scheduled passenger flight whose loss dispelled the myth that airliners in flight were impervious to damage from lightning strikes. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Baltimore redirects here. ... Nickname: City of Brotherly Love, Philly, the Quaker City Motto: Philadelphia maneto (Let brotherly love continue) Location in Pennsylvania Coordinates: Country United States State Pennsylvania County Philadelphia Founded October 27, 1682 Incorporated October 25, 1701 Mayor John F. Street (D) Area - City 369. ... is the 342nd day of the year (343rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1963 (MCMLXIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Another Pan Am 747, the Clipper Victor (which was the first Boeing 747 to have a commercially scheduled flight in 1970) was involved in the Tenerife disaster on March 27, 1977, the worst disaster in aviation history (excluding the events of 9/11). The Clipper Victor, operating as a charter flight from Los Angeles to New York and Las Palmas in the Canary Islands, was diverted to Tenerife due to a bomb scare at Las Palmas. A KLM 747 taking off without permission collided with it on the runway. A total of 583 people were killed, 335 of them from the Pan Am plane. The accident led to reforms including improvements in communications between flight crews and ground control. The Tenerife collision took place on March 27, 1977, at 17:06:56 local time (also GMT), when two Boeing 747 airliners collided at Los Rodeos (TCI) on the island of Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain, killing 583 people. ... is the 86th day of the year (87th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1977 (album) by Ash. ... A sequential look at United Flight 175 crashing into the south tower of the World Trade Center The September 11, 2001 attacks (often referred to as 9/11â€”pronounced nine eleven or nine one one) consisted of a series of coordinated terrorist[1] suicide attacks upon the United States, predominantly... Nickname: Location within Los Angeles County in the state of California Coordinates: , State County Settled 1781 Incorporated April 4, 1850 Government - Type Mayor-Council - Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa - City Attorney Rocky Delgadillo - Governing body City Council Area - City 498. ... New York, New York redirects here. ... Las Palmas de Gran Canaria is a Spanish city, the capital city of Gran Canaria which is one of the Canary Islands, in the Atlantic Ocean, 210 kilometers located off the northwestern coast of Africa. ... Anthem: ArrorrÃ³ Capital Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and Santa Cruz de Tenerife Official language(s) Spanish Area â€“ Total â€“ % of Spain Ranked 13th 7,447 kmÂ² 1. ... Flag of Tenerife Tenerife in the Canary Islands chain. ... KLM can also refer to KLM (Human Computer Interaction) KLM Royal Dutch Airlines (in full: Koninklijke Luchtvaart Maatschappij, literally Royal Air Transport Company; usual English: Royal Dutch Airlines) is an airline subsidiary of Air France-KLM based in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. ...

Pan Am also experienced a number of fatal events that were the result of terrorism. On September 6, 1970, Pan Am Flight 93, a Boeing 747 from Amsterdam to New York was hijacked as part of the Dawson's Field hijackings. Because of its size, the hijackers diverted the flight to Cairo, where, after landing and passenger evacuation they detonated explosives on-board, destroying the aircraft. On December 17, 1973, bombs were thrown by a Palestinian group into Flight 110 (a 707 named the Clipper Celestial) while passengers were boarding in Rome, Italy. The aircraft burned and 30 people were killed. Flight 830 was bombed over the Pacific Ocean on August 11, 1982, killing one passenger, before safely landing in Honolulu. A 747 named the Clipper Empress of the Seas, operating as Flight 73, was taken over by hijackers while on a scheduled stop in Karachi, Pakistan, on September 5, 1986. The flight never departed Karachi, but 20 people were killed when the aircraft was stormed on the ground. Terrorist redirects here. ... Main article: Black September in Jordan The Dawsons Field hijacking occurred on September 6, 1970. ... December 17 is the 351st day of the year (352nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the song by James Blunt, see 1973 (song). ... The term Palestinian has other usages, for which see definitions of Palestinian. ... Damage from an explosion of Pan Am Flight 110 On December 17, 1973 Pan Am Flight 110 was scheduled to fly from Leonardo Da Vinci International Airport, Rome to Beirut International Airport in Lebanon. ... The Roman Colosseum Rome (Italian and Latin Roma) is the capital city of Italy, and of its Lazio region. ... Pan Am Flight 830 was a Boeing 747-121, named Clipper Ocean Rover, flying from Narita International Airport in Tokyo to Honolulu International Airport in Hawaii on August 11, 1982. ... is the 223rd day of the year (224th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar). ... Pan Am Flight 73 was hijacked on September 5, 1986, by four armed men of the Abu Nidal organization. ... Hijackers inside flightdeck of TWA Flight 847 Aircraft hijacking (also known as skyjacking and aircraft piracy) is the take-over of an aircraft, by a person or group, usually armed. ... Mausoleum of Muhammed Ali Jinnah, known locally as Quaid-e-Azam ka Mazaar or Mazaar-e-Quaid Karachi (کراچي) is the largest city of Pakistan and the capital of the province of Sindh. ... is the 248th day of the year (249th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ...

Pan Am 103 (Clipper Maid of the Seas)

The last fatal terrorist event involved Pan Am Flight 103, Pan Am's third daily scheduled transatlantic flight from London Heathrow Airport to New York's JFK. On December 21, 1988, the aircraft flying this route, a Boeing 747-121 registered N739PA and named Clipper Maid of the Seas, was blown up as it flew over Lockerbie, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, UK, when approximately 1 lb (450 g) of plastic explosive was detonated in its forward cargo hold, triggering a sequence of events that led to the rapid destruction of the aircraft. The aircraft that crashed was one of the first 747's ever built: it was the 15th and was delivered to Pan Am in February 1970. Image File history File links PA103cockpit4. ... Image File history File links PA103cockpit4. ... PA 103 redirects here. ... â€œHeathrowâ€ redirects here. ... , For the regional airport in Wisconsin, see John F. Kennedy Memorial Airport. ... is the 355th day of the year (356th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar). ... Lockerbie Town Hall, 2006. ... Dumfries and Galloway (DÃ¹n Phris agus an Gall-Ghaidhealaibh in Gaelic) is one of 32 council areas of Scotland. ... This article is about the country. ...

Until September 11, 2001, the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 was the worst terrorist attack against the United States. Even though there was a total of 270 fatalities (including 11 in the town of Lockerbie) and they came from 21 nations, 189 of the victims were Americans. A sequential look at United Flight 175 crashing into the south tower of the World Trade Center The September 11, 2001 attacks (often referred to as 9/11â€”pronounced nine eleven or nine one one) consisted of a series of coordinated terrorist[1] suicide attacks upon the United States, predominantly...

Contents

History

Formation

The Clipper Era

Postwar developments

Downturn

Post downturn developments

Record-setting flights

Popular culture

Accidents and terrorist events

Pan Am 103 (Clipper Maid of the Seas)

See also

Sources

References

External links

Contents

History GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

Formation

The Clipper Era

Postwar developments

Downturn

Post downturn developments

Record-setting flights

Popular culture

Accidents and terrorist events

Pan Am 103 (Clipper Maid of the Seas)

See also

Sources

References

External links

History