Before joining confederation five Canadian provinces issued their own stamps. All of them used the stamps of Canada from the date of joining. The listings below are believed to be reasonably complete.

British Columbia and Vancouver Island (1860-1871)

• Victoria of the United Kingdom (1860)

Although British Columbia is now a single province, it and Vancouver Island were in fact separate colonies for some of the short stamp issuing period.

New Brunswick (1851-1867)

• Charles Connell (1860)
• Edward VII of the United Kingdom (1860)
• Victoria of the United Kingdom (1860)

Newfoundland (1857-1949)

• Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (1865)
• John Alcock (1919)
• Alexandra of Denmark (1911)
• Arthur, Duke of Connaught (1911)
• Francis Bacon (1910)
• Italo Balbo (1933)
• Arthur Whitten Brown (1919)
• John Cabot (1897) the painting used for this stamp is said by some to be a misidentified portrait of John's son Sebastian Cabot by Hans Holbein
• Edward VII of the United Kingdom (1868)
• Edward VIII of the United Kingdom (1911)
• Elizabeth I of England (1933)
• Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom (1932)
• Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (1932)
• George of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (1911)
• George V of the United Kingdom (1910)
• George VI of the United Kingdom (1911)
• Humphrey Gilbert (1933)
• Wilfred Grenfell (1941)
• John Guy (1910)
• Harry George Hawker (1919)
• Henry of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (1911)
• Henry VII of England (1897)
• James I of England (1910)
• John of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (1911)

• Mary of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (1911)
• Mary of Teck (1911)
• John Mason (1933)
• Francesco de Pinedo (1927)
• Victoria of the United Kingdom (1865)

Nova Scotia (1851-1867)

• Victoria of the United Kingdom (1851)

Prince Edward Island (1861-1873)

• Victoria of the United Kingdom (1861)