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Encyclopedia > Persian and Urdu

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The Persian language deeply influenced and played crucial role in the formation of many language of the Middle East, Central Asia, and South Asia. [citation needed]. Following the Muslim conquest of South Asia and the resulting vast Islamic empire, especially in the North and middle areas, a hybrid language of Turkish, Arabic and Persian and local dialects began to form around the 10th and 11th centuries CE, one that would eventually be known as Urdu. Ordu meaning army camp in Turkish and is also related to English word horde. Urdu was initially called Zaban-e-Ordu i.e. 'language of the army' (or language of the camps) and was later shortened to just Urdu. It grew from the interaction of (often Persian speaking) Muslim soldiers and native peoples. Soon, the Persian script and Nasta'liq form of cursive was adopted, with additional figures added to accommodate the Indian phonetic system, and a new language based on the Hindi grammar with a vocabulary largely divided between Persian and Arabic. Elements peculiar to Persian, such as the enclitic ezāfe, and the use of the takhallus, were readily absorbed into Urdu literature both religious and secular. Persian, (local name: FārsÄ« or PārsÄ«), is an Indo-European language spoken in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and by minorities in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Southern Russia, neighboring countries, and elsewhere. ... A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ... Map of Central Asia showing three sets of possible boundaries for the region Central Asia located as a region of the world Central Asia is a vast landlocked region of Asia. ... Map of South Asia (see note on Kashmir) South Asia, also known as Southern Asia, is a southern geopolitical region of the Asian continent comprising territories on and in proximity to the Indian subcontinent. ... A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Turkish: Müslüman, Persian and Urdu: مسلمان, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of Islam. ... Map of South Asia (see note on Kashmir) South Asia, also known as Southern Asia, is a southern geopolitical region of the Asian continent comprising territories on and in proximity to the Indian subcontinent. ... The Arabic language ( ), or simply Arabic ( ), is the largest member of the family of Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family (classification: South Central Semitic) and is closely related to Hebrew, Amharic, and Aramaic. ... Persian, (local name: FārsÄ« or PārsÄ«), is an Indo-European language spoken in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and by minorities in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Southern Russia, neighboring countries, and elsewhere. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Persian, (local name: FārsÄ« or PārsÄ«), is an Indo-European language spoken in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and by minorities in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Southern Russia, neighboring countries, and elsewhere. ... A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Turkish: Müslüman, Persian and Urdu: مسلمان, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of Islam. ... Nastaliq (نستعليق) is a specific style for writing in the Arabic alphabet. ... Phonetic (pho-NET-ic) is a nationwide voicemail-to-text messaging service available for most digital mobile phones in which a subscriber is provided a custom voice mailbox for the purpose of receiving all incoming voice messages as actual transcribed text for reading via short messaging (also known as SMS... Grammar is the study of rules governing the use of language. ... Persian, (local name: FārsÄ« or PārsÄ«), is an Indo-European language spoken in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and by minorities in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Southern Russia, neighboring countries, and elsewhere. ... Arabic can mean: From or related to Arabia From or related to the Arabs The Arabic language; see also Arabic grammar The Arabic alphabet, used for expressing the languages of Arabic, Persian, Malay ( Jawi), Kurdish, Panjabi, Pashto, Sindhi and Urdu, among others. ...


It is extremely important to note that despite the heavy influence of Persian on Urdu, linguistically, Urdu is not classified as an Iranian language (as is Persian) but rather as an Indo-Aryan language (like Hindi, Bengali, Kashmiri, Punjabi, etc.—those having descended from Sanskrit). The linguists do not distinguish between Hindi and Urdu except for sociolinguistic purposes. The Iranian languages are a part of the Indo European language family. ... The Indo-Aryan languages form a subgroup of the Indo-Iranian languages, thus belonging to the Indo-European family of languages. ... The Sanskrit language ( , ) is a classical language of India, a liturgical language of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism, and one of the 22 official languages of India. ...


Urdu soon gained distinction as the preferred language in Persian courts of India and to this day retains an important place in literary and cultural spheres. Many distinctly Persian forms of literature, such as Ghazal, Qasida, Marsia and Nazms, came to both influence and be affected by local culture, producing a distinct melding of Middle Eastern and South Asian heritages. A famous cross-over writer was Amir Khusro, whose Persian and Urdu couplets are to this day read in South Asia. Persian has sometimes been termed an adopted classical language of the South Asia aside from Sanskrit due to its role in local tradition. Again note that before 1850's Urdu and Hindi were one and the same language, which was at times called Urdu and at times Hindvi. Urdu is just a cheap ass imitation of Persian. Persian is better than the Urdu. In poetry (and as the lyrics in songs), the ghazal (Persian/Arabic/Urdu: غزل; Turkish gazel) is a poetic form consisting of couplets which share a rhyme and a refrain. ... A qasida (also spelled qasidah) in Arabic قصيدة, in Persian قصیده, is a form of poetry from pre-Islamic Arabia. ... Marsia is a poem written to commemorate the martyrdom of Ahl al-Bayt, Imam Hussain and Battle of Karbala. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Abul Hasan Yaminuddin Khusro (1253-1325 CE), better known as Amir Khusro Dehlavi (in Persian اميرخسرو دهلوى), is one of the iconic figures in the cultural history of the Indian subcontinent. ... Map of South Asia (see note on Kashmir) South Asia, also known as Southern Asia, is a southern geopolitical region of the Asian continent comprising territories on and in proximity to the Indian subcontinent. ... Persian, (local name: Fārsī or Pārsī), is an Indo-European language spoken in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and by minorities in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Southern Russia, neighboring countries, and elsewhere. ...

  • Urdu-Persian Only Digital Library of Both Urdu and Persian Books. [Allama Iqbal Urdu Cyber Library Network]

See also


  Results from FactBites:
 
Urdu language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (2977 words)
Urdu developed as a vernacular dialect from the interaction between local Indian Sanskrit-derived Prakrits and the languages that were spoken in the courts of the rulers of The Subcontinent, from the time of the Delhi Sultanate to the Mughal Empire and its succeeding states.
Urdu by itself is the twentieth most popular 'first' language in the world and the national language of Pakistan and one of the 22 national languages of India.
Urdu is written in a derivative of the Persian alphabet which is itself derivative of the Arabic alphabet.
Persian and Urdu - encyclopedia article about Persian and Urdu. (798 words)
The Persian language was crucial in the formation of a common language of the Central, North and Northwest regions of the Indian subcontinent Republic of India is a country in South Asia which comprises most of the Indian subcontinent.
Urdu soon gained distinction as the preferred language in Persian courts of India and to this day retains an important place in literary and cultural spheres.
Many distinctly Persian forms of literature, such as ghazals In poetry (and as the lyrics in songs), the ghazal is a poetic form consisting of couplets which share a rhyme and a refrain.
  More results at FactBites »

 

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