Petroglyphs on Newspaper Rock State Historic Monument, southern Utah, USA

Rock carving known as "Meercatze" (named by archaeologist Leo Frobenius) in Wadi Methkandoush, Mesak Settafet region of Libya.

Petroglyphs are images created by removing part of a rock surfaces by incising, pecking, carving, and abrading. Outside North America, scholars often use terms such as "carving", "engraving", or other descriptions of technique to refer to such images. Petroglyphs are found world-wide, and are often (but not always) associated with prehistoric peoples. The word comes from the Greek words petros meaning "stone" and glyphein meaning "to carve" (it was originally coined in French as pétroglyphe). Petroglyph may refer to: Petroglyphs, cave pictures similar to logograms Petroglyph Games, a real-time strategy games development studio Petroglyph Ceramic Lounge, a contemporary ceramic studio Category: ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x738, 117 KB)Newspaper Rock taken from [www. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x738, 117 KB)Newspaper Rock taken from [www. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 533 pixelsFull resolution (2000 × 1333 pixel, file size: 2. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 533 pixelsFull resolution (2000 × 1333 pixel, file size: 2. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into image (disambiguation). ... “Rock” redirects here. ... Stonehenge, England, erected by Neolithic peoples ca. ...

The term petroglyph should not be confused with pictograph, which is an image drawn or painted on a rock face. Both types of image belong to the wider and more general category of rock art. Petroforms, or patterns and shapes made by many large rocks and boulders over the ground, are also quite different. Inukshuks are also unique, and found mainly in the arctic. Pictogram for public toilets A pictogram or pictograph is a symbol which represents an object or a concept by illustration. ... Rock art is a term in archaeology for any man-made markings made on natural stone. ... Petroforms are large shapes that were made out of large rocks. ... An inukshuk on the flag of Nunavut An inukshuk (Inuktitut: inuksuk / ᐃᓄᒃᓱᒃ, plural inuksuit / ᐃᓄᒃᓱᐃᑦ) is a stone landmark used as a milestone or directional marker by the Inuit of the Canadian Arctic. ...

History

Composite image of petroglyphs from Scandinavia (Häljesta, Västmanland in Sweden). Nordic Bronze Age. The glyphs have been painted to make them more visible.

A petroglyph of a caravan of bighorn sheep near Moab, Utah, USA; a common theme in glyphs from the desert southwest

The oldest petroglyphs are dated to approximately the Neolithic and late Upper Paleolithic boundary, about 10,000 to 12,000 years ago, if not earlier (Kamyana Mohyla). Around 7,000 to 9,000 years ago, other precursors of writing systems, such as pictographs and ideograms, began to appear. Petroglyphs were still common though, and some cultures continued using them much longer, even until contact with Western culture was made in the 20th century. Petroglyphs have been found in all parts of the globe except Antarctica with highest concentrations in parts of Africa, Scandinavia, Siberia, southwestern North America and Australia. Rock carvings (petroglyphs) from Scandinavia. ... Rock carvings (petroglyphs) from Scandinavia. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2032x1588, 1165 KB) Summary Photo by Jim Bouldin Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2032x1588, 1165 KB) Summary Photo by Jim Bouldin Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The Upper Paleolithic (or Upper Palaeolithic) is the third and last subdivision of the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age as it is understood in Europe, Africa and Asia. ... View of Kamyana Mohyla Kamyana Mohyla (Ukrainian: ; Russian: ; literally: stone tomb) is an archaeological site in the Molochna River valley, about a mile from the village of Terpinnya, Zaporizhia Oblast, Ukraine. ... Writing systems of the world today. ... Pictogram for public toilets A pictogram or pictograph is a symbol which represents an object or a concept by illustration. ... A Chinese character. ... For this articles equivalent regarding the East, see Eastern culture. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ... For other uses, see Scandinavia (disambiguation). ... This article is about Siberia as a whole. ... North America North America is a continent[1] in the Earths northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. ...

Interpretation

There are many theories to explain their purpose, depending on their location, age, and the type of image. Some petroglyphs are thought to be astronomical markers, maps, and other forms of symbolic communication, including a form of "pre-writing". They might also have been a by-product of other rituals: sites in India, for example, have been identified as musical instruments or "rock gongs". ^[1] “Write” redirects here. ...

Some petroglyph images probably had deep cultural and religious significance for the societies that created them; in many cases this significance remains for their descendants. Many petroglyphs are thought to represent some kind of not-yet-fully understood symbolic or ritual language. Later glyphs from the Nordic Bronze Age in Scandinavia seem to refer to some form of territorial boundary between tribes, in addition to possible religious meanings. It also appears that local or regional dialects from similar or neighboring peoples exist. The Siberian inscriptions almost look like some early form of runes, although there is not thought to be any relationship between them. They are not yet well understood. Map of the Nordic Bronze Age culture, ca 1200 BC The Nordic Bronze Age (also Northern Bronze Age) is the name given by Oscar Montelius (1843-1921) to a period and a Bronze Age culture in Scandinavian pre-history, ca 1800 BC - 600 BC, with sites that reached as far... http://www. ... “Rune” redirects here. ...

Some researchers have noticed the resemblance of different styles of petroglyphs across different continents; while it is expected that all people would be inspired by their surroundings, it is harder to explain the common styles. This could be mere coincidence, an indication that certain groups of people migrated widely from some initial common area, or indication of a common origin. In 1853 George Tate read a paper to the Berwick Naturalists' Club at which a Mr John Collingwood Bruce agreed that the carvings had "... a common origin, and indicate a symbolic meaning, representing some popular thought." ^[2] In his cataloguing of Scottish rock art, Ronald Morris summarised 104 different theories on their interpretation. ^[3]. Net migration rates for 2006: positive (blue), negative (orange) and stable (green). ...

Other, more controversial, explanations are mostly grounded in Jungian psychology and the views of Mircea Eliade. According to these theories it is possible that the similarity of petroglyphs (and other atavistic or archetypal symbols) from different cultures and continents is a result of the genetically inherited structure of the human brain. Jungian psychology refers to a school of psychology originating in the ideas of Swiss psychologist Carl Jung and advanced by many other thinkers who followed in his tradition. ... Mircea Eliade (March 13 [O.S. February 28] 1907 – April 22, 1986) was a Romanian historian of religion, fiction writer, philosopher, and professor at the University of Chicago. ... This page is about the biological term Atavism. ... For other uses, see Archetype (disambiguation). ... This article is about the general scientific term. ...

Other theories suggest that petroglyphs were made by shamans in an altered state of consciousness^[4], perhaps induced by the use of natural hallucinogens. Many of the geometric patterns (known as form constants) which recur in petroglyphs and cave paintings have been shown to be "hard-wired" into the human brain; they frequently occur in visual disturbances and hallucinations brought on by drugs, migraine and other stimuli. The shaman is an intellectual and spiritual figure who is regarded as possessing power and influence on other peoples in the tribe and performs several functions, primarily that of a healer ( medicine man). The shaman provides medical care, and serves other community needs during crisis times, via supernatural means (means... An altered state of consciousness is any state which is significantly different from a normative waking beta wave state. ... The general group of pharmacological agents commonly known as hallucinogens can be divided into three broad categories: psychedelics, dissociatives, and deliriants. ... Calabi-Yau manifold Geometry (Greek γεωμετρία; geo = earth, metria = measure) is a part of mathematics concerned with questions of size, shape, and relative position of figures and with properties of space. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... A representation of a form constant. ... Cave, or rock, paintings are paintings painted on cave or rock walls and ceilings, usually dating to pre_historic times. ...

Present-day links between shamanism and rock-art amongst the San people of the Kalahari desert have been studied by the Rock Art Research Institute (RARI) of the University of the Witwatersrand [1]. Though the San people's artworks are predominantly paintings, the beliefs behind them can perhaps be used as a basis for understanding other types of rock art, including petroglyphs. To quote from the RARI website: The Kalahari Desert is a large, arid to semi-arid sandy area in southern Africa that covers about 500,000 km². It covers 70% of Botswana, and parts of Zimbabwe, Namibia and South Africa. ... The University of the Witwatersrand (pronounced vit-vaters-rant, with flat vowels -- see South African English) is a leading South African university situated in Johannesburg. ...

Using knowledge of San beliefs, researchers have shown that the art played a fundamental part in the religious lives of its San painters. The art captured things from the San’s world behind the rock-face: the other world inhabited by spirit creatures, to which dancers could travel in animal form, and where people of ecstasy could draw power and bring it back for healing, rain-making and capturing the game.

List of petroglyph sites

Africa

• Tassili n'Ajjer in Algeria
• Bidzar, Cameroon
• Bambari, Lengo and Bangassou in the south of the Central African Republic; Bwale in the west
• Niola Doa, Chad
• The Niari River valley in the Congo, 250km south west of Brazzaville
• Ogooue River Valley, Gabon
• Akakus, Libya
• Jebel Uweinat, Libya
• The Draa River valley in Morocco
• Twyfelfontein, Namibia
• Life-size giraffe carvings on Dabous Rock, Air Mountains, Niger

Landsat image of the Tassili nAjjer The Tassili nAjjer (Arabic: تصلة ناجر) is a mountain range in the Sahara desert in southeast Algeria. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Tadrart Acacus. ... Jebel Uweinat (1934 m; ‎ mountain of sourcelets; also spelled Auenat, Ouenat, Ouinat, Owainat, Oweinat, Uwaynat, Uweinat, Uwenat, Uweynat etc. ... The Draa (Arabic: درأ) (also spelled Dra or Draâ, in older sources mostly Darha or Dara) is Moroccos longest river (1100 km). ...

Australia

• Arnhem Land / Kakadu National Park, Northern Australia
• Murujuga, Western Australia - world heritage assessed
• Sydney Rock Engravings, New South Wales

Arnhem Land is an area of 97,000 km² in the north-eastern corner of the Northern Territory, Australia. ... Kakadu National Park is in the Northern Territory of Australia, 171 km east of Darwin. ... Murujuga, or The Burrup Peninsula, is located on the north-western coast of Western Australia on the Dampier Archipelago. ... Slogan or Nickname: Wildflower State or the Golden State Other Australian states and territories Capital Perth Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Ken Michael Premier Alan Carpenter (ALP) Federal representation  - House seats 15  - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05)  - Product ($m)  $100,900 (4th)  - Product per capita  $50,355/person... The Sydney Rock Engravings are a form of Australian Aboriginal Rock Art consisting of carefully drawn images of people, animals, or symbols, in the sandstone around Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. ...

Asia

Rock carving on Cheung Chau Island, Hong Kong. This 3000-year-old rock carving was reported by geologists in 1970 Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2048 × 1536 pixel, file size: 1. ... A street on Cheung Chau Cheung Chau (Chinese: , Pinyin: Changzhou; lit. ... The Geologist by Carl Spitzweg A geologist is a contributor to the science of geology, studying the physical structure and processes of the Earth and planets of the solar system (see planetary geology). ... Year 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Petroglyphs at Cholpon-Ata in Kyrgyzstan Image File history File linksMetadata KyrgyzPetroglyphs. ...

China

• Eight sites in Hong Kong: on Tung Lung Island, Kau Sai Chau, Po Toi Island, Cheung Chau, Shek Pik on Lantau Island, Wong Chuk Hang and Big Wave Bay on Hong Kong Island, Lung Ha Wan in Sai Kung
• Yin Mountains in Inner Mongolia

Tung Lung Chau (東龍洲, lit. ... Kau Sai Chau (滘西洲) is an island located off the coast of Sai Kung, Hong Kong. ... Po Toi (蒲苔島) is the main island of the Po Toi Islands in Hong Kong. ... A street on Cheung Chau Cheung Chau (Chinese: , Pinyin: Changzhou; lit. ... Shek Pik (石壁) is a place in the south coast of Lantau Island, Hong Kong. ... Wong Chuk Hang is an area to the east of Aberdeen and to the north of Nam Long Shan, on Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong. ... Four places in Hong Kong are called Big Wave Bay or Tai Long Wan (大浪灣): 2 are on Lantau Island West of Shek Pik South coast of Chi Ma Wan Peninsula 1 is on the east coast of Hong Kong Island It is the location of Big Wave Bay Beach. ... The night view of the Island side as seen from the Kowloon side - the opposite side of the Victoria Harbour Hong Kong Island (Traditional Chinese: 香港島; Simplified Chinese: 香港岛; Cantonese Jyutping: hoeng1 gong2 dou2; Mandarin Pinyin: XiānggÇŽngdÇŽo) is the island where the colonial settlement of the Hong Kong territory... The position of Sai Kung District within the Hong Kong S.A.R. Sai Kung (西貢; pinyin: Xi1gong4; Cantonese: sai1 gung3) is the second-largest of the 18 districts of Hong Kong. ... The Yin Mountains (Yin Shan or Yinshan) are mountains in the Eastern Gobi Desert steppe of the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region of China. ... Inner Mongolia (Mongolian: ᠥᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠣᠨᠺᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠺᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ r Mongghul-un bertegen Jasaqu Orun; Chinese: 内蒙古自治区; Hanyu Pinyin: N...

India

• Edakkal Caves
  

  

  Petroglyphs at Edakkal Caves in Wayanad, Kerala. They date back to about 4000 BC.

Stone age writing Edakkal Caves are two natural caves located 1000 metres high on Ambukutty Mala 25 kms from Kalpetta in the Wayanad district of Kerala in Indias Western Ghats. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (2304 × 1728 pixel, file size: 785 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)Image taken by me with my digital camera. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (2304 × 1728 pixel, file size: 785 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)Image taken by me with my digital camera. ... Stone age writing Edakkal Caves are two natural caves located 1000 metres high on Ambukutty Mala 25 kms from Kalpetta in the Wayanad district of Kerala in Indias Western Ghats. ...

Kazakhstan

• Chumysh River basin,
• Tamgaly on the Ili River - a World Heritage Site

The Chumysh (Russian: ) is a river in Russia, right branch of the Ob River (flows in Ob 88 km down from Barnaul). ... Tamgaly is a petroglyph site in the Semirechye of Kazakhstan, some 20 km downstream from the Kapchagay Reservoir on the Ili River in the Anrakhai mountains. ... The Ili River is a river in Kazakhstan and in the western part of the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region, in northwestern China. ... A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a specific site (such as a forest, mountain, lake, desert, monument, building, complex, or city) that has been nominated and confirmed for inclusion on the list maintained by the international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, composed of 21 State...

Korea

• Bangudae Petroglyphs,

The Bangudae Petroglyphs are located in Daegok-ri, Ulsan, South Korea. ...

Kyrgyzstan

• Several sites, mostly in the Tien Shan mountains; Cholpon-Ata, the Talas valley, Siymaliytash (Saimaluu-Tash), and on the rock outcrop called Suleiman's Throne in Osh in the Fergana valley

The Tian Shan (Chinese: 天山; Pinyin: Tiān Shān; celestial mountains) mountain range is located in Central Asia, in the border region of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region of western China. ... A boulder-strewn slope at Cholpon-Ata has numerous examples of petroglyphs, many showing people hunting animals which are now extinct or scarce in the area Cholpon-Ata (Чолпоната in Kyrgyz)is a resort town on the northern shore of Lake Issyk-Kul in the Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyzstan) with a year... For the home improvement store, see Orchard Supply Hardware. ... The Fergana Valley or Farghana Valley (Uzbek: , Kyrgyz: Фергана өрөөнү, Tajik: водии Фaрғонa, Russian: , Persian: ) is a region in the Tian Shan mountain ranges of Central Asia spreading across eastern Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. ...

Pakistan

• Rock art and petroglyphs in Northern Areas,

Shown in green is the Kashmiri region under Pakistani control. ...

Philippines

Petroglyphs on a rock wall found in the Sierra Madre mountain range, Rizal, Philippines Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 475 pixel Image in higher resolution (1021 × 606 pixel, file size: 273 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) * uploaded by Lloyd Intalan (en:User:LFIntalan). ...

• Angono Petroglyphs of Rizal,

The Angono Petroglyphs is the oldest known work of art in the Philippines. ... REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES Province of Rizal Region: CALABARZON (Region IV-A) Capital: Antipolo City† Founded: June 11, 1901 Population: 2000 census—1,707,218 (11th largest) Density—1,304 per km² (2nd highest) Area: 1,308. ...

Pacific

Petroglyph on western coast of Hawaii Image File history File links HawaiiHieroglyph. ...

Hawaii Volcanoes National Park Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2048 × 1536 pixel, file size: 1. ... Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park, established in 1916, displays the results of hundreds of thousands of years of volcanism, migration, and evolution—processes that thrust a bare land from the sea and clothed it with complex and unique ecosystems and a distinct human culture. ...

Petroglyphs at Orongo, Rapa Nui (Easter Island). A Make-make at the base and two birdmen higher up Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 398 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (2000 × 3008 pixel, file size: 698 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Moto Nui, Island of the Birdman cult, seen from the Orongo village with Birdman petroglyphs. ... Orongo is a ceremonial centre on Rapa Nui/Easter Island, which was until the mid nineteenth century the centre of the Birdman cult. ... Easter Island and its location Easter Island (Polynesian: Rapa Nui (Great Rapa), Spanish: Isla de Pascua) is an island in the south Pacific Ocean belonging to Chile. ... For other uses, see Make-make (disambiguation). ... The Tangata manu (the bird-man), is the winner of a traditional competition of the Easter Island people. ...

• Rapa Nui (Easter Island) Petroglyphs
• Hawaii (particularly the Big Island).

“Rapa Nui” redirects here. ...

South America

• Cumbe Mayo, Peru
• Corantijn Basin, Suriname

Cumbe Mayo Aqueduct Cumbe Mayo is located about 12 miles southwest of the Peruvian city of Cajamarca, at an elevation of approximately 11,000 feet. ... Corantijn Basin is one of a large number of archaeological sites located in the interior of Suriname in South American. ...

North America

Petroglyphs on a Bishop Tuff tableland, eastern California, USA Image taken in June 2003 by Daniel Mayer. ...	Southern Utah, USA ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (1750x1250, 3347 KB) Summary Native American Pictograph taken near Saint George, Utah USA Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...	Southern Utah, USA ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (1250x1750, 2499 KB) Summary Native American Pictograph near Saint George, Utah USA Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...	Arches National Park Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2272x1704, 1537 KB) Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Petroglyph Ute Tribe User:Digon3 Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera...
Peterborough, Ontario, Canada Image File history File links Petroglyphs. ...	Arizona, USA Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (2592 × 1944 pixel, file size: 3. ...	Columbia River Gorge, Washington, USA Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 540 pixel Image in higher resolution (1500 × 1013 pixel, file size: 886 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Petroglyph Columbia River...	Upside-down man in Western Colorado, USA Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...

• Arches National Park, Utah
• Capitol Reef National Park, Utah
• Death Valley National Park, California
• Dinosaur National Monument, Colorado and Utah
• Columbia Hills State Park, Washington^[5]
• The Cove Palisades State Park, Oregon
• Grimes Point, Nevada [2]
• Jeffers Petroglyphs, Minnesota
• Kanopolis State Park, Kansas
• Kejimkujik National Park, Nova Scotia
• Lava Beds National Monument, Tule Lake, California
• Leo Petroglyph, Leo, Ohio[3]
• Newspaper Rock State Historic Monument, Utah
• Maturango Canyon, Coso Range, Northern Mojave, California

[4] Arches National Park preserves over 2,000 natural sandstone arches, including the world-famous Delicate Arch, in addition to a variety of unique geological resources and formations. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... Capitol Reef National Park is a United States National Park, in south-central Utah. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... Death Valley National Park is a mostly arid United States National Park located east of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in southern Inyo County and northern San Bernardino County in California with a small extension into southwestern Nye County and extreme southern Esmeralda County in Nevada. ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Largest metro area Greater Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ... Dinosaur National Monument is a U.S. National Monument located on the southeast flank of the Uinta Mountains on the border between the American states of Colorado and Utah at the confluence of the Green and Yampa Rivers. ... Official language(s) English Capital Denver Largest city Denver Largest metro area Denver-Aurora Metro Area Area  Ranked 8th  - Total 104,185 sq mi (269,837 km²)  - Width 280 miles (451 km)  - Length 380 miles (612 km)  - % water 0. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... For the capital city of the United States, see Washington, D.C.. For other uses, see Washington (disambiguation). ... Lake Billy Chinook and The Island, with state park facilities below. ... Official language(s) (none)[1] Capital Salem Largest city Portland Area  Ranked 9th  - Total 98,466 sq mi (255,026 km²)  - Width 260 miles (420 km)  - Length 360 miles (580 km)  - % water 2. ... This article is about the U.S. State of Nevada. ... Jeffers Petroglyphs -- An outcrop of rock in southwestern Minnesota with pre-contact Native American drawings. ... Capital Saint Paul Largest city Minneapolis Area  Ranked 12th  - Total 87,014 sq mi (225,365 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 400 miles (645 km)  - % water 8. ... Kanopolis State Park Kanopolis State Park contains a reservoir, desert plants such as yucca, a prairie dog town, and scenic sandstone canyons. ... Official language(s) English[2] Capital Topeka Largest city Wichita Area  Ranked 15th  - Total 82,277 sq mi (213,096 km²)  - Width 211 miles (340 km)  - Length 417 miles (645 km)  - % water 0. ... Kejimkujik National Park (or Keji) is part of the national park system, located in the province of Nova Scotia (NS). ... Motto: Munit Haec et Altera Vincit(Latin) One defends and the other conquers Capital Halifax Largest city Halifax Regional Municipality Official languages English, Canadian Gaelic Government - Lieutenant-Governor Mayann E. Francis - Premier Rodney MacDonald (PC) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 11 - Senate seats 10 Confederation July 1, 1867... Lava Beds National Monument, located in Siskiyou and Modoc Counies, California, is the site of the largest concentration of lava tube caves in the United States. ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Largest metro area Greater Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ... Petroglyphs on Newspaper Rock State Historic Monument, southern Utah, USA Newspaper Rock State Historic Monument is located in some 25 miles (40 km) north and west of Monticello in eastern Utah, western United States, and south and west of Moab. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Largest metro area Greater Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ...

• Mina, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
• Olympic National Park, Washington
• Petit Jean State Park, Arkansas
• Petrified Forest National Park
• Petroglyph National Monument
• Petroglyphs Provincial Park, north of Peterborough, Ontario
• Petroglyph Provincial Park, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada [5]
• Sedona, Arizona
• Sloan Canyon National Conservation Area, Nevada
• Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area, Nevada
• Valley of Fire State Park, Nevada
• South Mountain Park, Arizona
• St John, USVI
• Stuart Lake, British Columbia
• Three Rivers Petroglyphs, New Mexico [6]
• West Virginia glyphs
• Writing Rock State Historical Site, North Dakota
• Writing-on-Stone Provincial Park, East of Milk River, Alberta
• White Tank Mountain Regional Park, Waddell, Arizona

Other Mexican States Capital Monterrey Other major cities Area 64,924 km² Ranked 13th Population (2000 census) 3,826,240 Ranked 9th Governor (2003-09) José Natividad González Parás (PRI/PVEM) Federal Deputies (11) PRI/PVEM = 10 PAN = 1 Federal Senators PAN = 2 PRI = 1 ISO 3166-2... Olympic National Park is located in the U.S. state of Washington, in the far northwestern part of the state known as the Olympic Peninsula. ... For the capital city of the United States, see Washington, D.C.. For other uses, see Washington (disambiguation). ... Petit Jean State Park is a 3,471 acre (14 km²) state park in central Arkansas managed by the Arkansas Department of Parks and Tourism. ... Official language(s) English Capital Little Rock Largest city Little Rock Largest metro area Little Rock Metropolitan Area Area  Ranked 29th  - Total 53,179 sq mi (137,002 km²)  - Width 239 miles (385 km)  - Length 261 miles (420 km)  - % water 2. ... Petrified Forest National Park is located in northeastern Arizona, along Interstate 40 between Holbrook and Navajo. ... Petroglyph National Monument stretches 17 miles (27 km) along Albuquerques West Mesa, a volcanic basalt escarpment that dominates the city’s western horizon. ... Petroglyphs provincial park is situated northeast of Peterborough, Ontario. ... Nickname: Motto: Dat natura, elaborant artes (Nature Provides, Industry Develops) Map of Ontario with Peterborough indicated with a red dot Coordinates: Country Canada  Province Ontario  County Peterborough County Established 1819 - Scotts Plains Incorporated as town 1850 - Peterborough Incorporated as city July 1, 1905 Government  - Mayor Paul Ayotte  - MP Dean... Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Official languages English (de facto) Government - Lieutenant-Governor David C. Onley - Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 106 - Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area... Petroglyph Provincial Park is located at the south end of Nanaimo, Canada where the Nanaimo River empties into the Northumberland Channel, Petroglyph Park is the site of hundreds of native carvings, called petroglyphs. ... Nanaimo (2004 pop. ... Motto: Splendor Sine Occasu (Latin: Splendour Without Sunset (diminishment)) Capital Victoria Largest city Vancouver Official languages English Government - Lieutenant-Governor Iona Campagnolo - Premier Gordon Campbell (BC Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 36 - Senate seats 6 Confederation July 20, 1871 (6th province) Area  Ranked 5th - Total 944,735... Sedona is a city and community that straddles the county line between Coconino and Yavapai Counties in the Verde Valley of northern Arizona. ... Official language(s) English Spoken language(s) English 74. ... Sloan Canyon is a National Conservation Area administered by the United States Bureau of Land Management. ... This article is about the U.S. State of Nevada. ... Keystone Thrust at Red Rock Canyon NCA This article is about the National Conservation Area in Nevada. ... This article is about the U.S. State of Nevada. ... Valley of Fire State Park is a Nevada State Park that is located about 50 miles northeast of Las Vegas in Clark County. ... This article is about the U.S. State of Nevada. ... South Mountain Park in Phoenix, Arizona is the largest municipal park in the United States of America. ... Official language(s) English Spoken language(s) English 74. ... Stuart Lake is situated 60 km north of Vanderhoof, British Columbia, Canada. ... Motto: Splendor Sine Occasu (Latin: Splendour Without Sunset (diminishment)) Capital Victoria Largest city Vancouver Official languages English Government - Lieutenant-Governor Iona Campagnolo - Premier Gordon Campbell (BC Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 36 - Senate seats 6 Confederation July 20, 1871 (6th province) Area  Ranked 5th - Total 944,735... There are over 21,000 petroglyphs at Three Rivers. ... Capital Santa Fe Largest city Albuquerque Area  Ranked 5th  - Total 121,665 sq mi (315,194 km²)  - Width 342 miles (550 km)  - Length 370 miles (595 km)  - % water 0. ... Barry Fell, a retired professor of marine biology at Harvard University, published an article in 1983, describing how he had deciphered petroglyphs in several places in southern West Virginia to have been written in Ogam, an Irish Celtic script dating back to the 6th to 8th century AD, and that... Writing Rock State Historical Site, located twelve miles northeast of Grenora, North Dakota in Divide County near the Montana border, is the site of two large granite boulders, carved with petroglyphs featuring thunderbirds, mythological creatures that are of importance in the culture of Plains Indian tribes. ... Official language(s) English Capital Bismarck Largest city Fargo Area  Ranked 19th  - Total 70,762 sq mi (183,272 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 340 miles (545 km)  - % water 2. ... Writing-on-Stone Provincial Park is located about 100 kilometres southeast of Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada or 44 kilometres east of the community of Milk River, and straddles the Milk River itself. ... The Milk River shown highlighted The Milk River is a tributary of the Missouri River, 729 mi (1,173 km) long in the U.S. state of Montana and the Canadian province of Alberta. ... Motto: Fortis et liber(Latin) Strong and free Capital Edmonton Largest city Calgary Official languages English (see below) Government - Lieutenant-Governor Norman Kwong - Premier Ed Stelmach (PC) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 28 - Senate seats 6 Confederation September 1, 1905 (split from Northwest Territories) (8th [Province]) Area Ranked... White Tank Mountain Regional Park is the largest regional park in Maricopa County, Arizona. ... Waddell, Arizona is an unincorporated community in the far northwestern part of the Phoenix, Arizona metro area. ... Official language(s) English Spoken language(s) English 74. ...

Dominican Republic

• Cueva de las Maravillas
• Los 3 Ojos

Europe

Engravers from Val Camonica, Italy Image File history File links Ancientastronauts. ... Val Camonica is a valley in the lower Alpine regions of Lombardy, Italy. ...

Rock Carving in Tanum, Sweden Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1024x768, 355 KB) Sumario Description: Rock carving with the shape of a flock of birds at Tanun (Sweden) Source: Photo taken by me. ...

Carving "The Shoemaker", Brastad, Sweden Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2272x1704, 714 KB) Description Pre-historic petroglyph Shoemaker from around 1200 B.C., Brastad, Bohuslän, Sweden. ...

Petroglyph in Roque Bentayga, Gran Canaria (Canary Islands). Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1024 × 768 pixel, file size: 260 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Petroglifos situados en la falda del Roque Bentayga, Gran Canaria, España File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to...

England

• Cup and ring marked rocks in Northumberland, County Durham and North Yorkshire, England

Cup and ring marks or cup marks are a form of prehistoric art found in the upland parts British Isles. ... Northumberland is a county in the North East of England. ... County Durham is a county in north-east England. ... North Yorkshire is a non-metropolitan or shire county, located in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England, and a ceremonial county in that region and also partly in North East England. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ...

France

• Mercantour National Park, France

Mercantour Park (French: Parc national du Mercantour) is one of the seven national parks of France. ...

Ireland

• Newgrange, Ireland

Newgrange, which is located at , is one of the passage tombs of the Brú na Bóinne complex in County Meath, and the most famous of all Irish prehistoric sites. ...

Italy

• Val Camonica, Italy (biggest european site, over 350,000)
• Bagnolo stele, Italy

Val Camonica is a valley in the lower Alpine regions of Lombardy, Italy. ... The Bagnolo steles are two stone boulders found in Ceresolo-Bagnolo, Malegno commune, Brescia province, Lombardia, Northern Italy, at the base of Monte Mignone, at an altitude of ca. ...

Norway

• Rock carvings at Alta, Norway
• Rock carvings at Møllerstufossen, Norway
• Rock carvings in Central Norway

Detail from the rock carvings at Alta The Rock carvings at Alta are an archaeological site near the town of Alta in the county of Finnmark in northern Norway. ... Rock carvings at Møllerstufossen, more than 6000 years old Rock carvings at Møllerstufossen, Nord-Sinni, Nordre Land muncipality. ... Central Norway is a region in Norway, comprising the two Trøndelag-counties, Nord- and Sør-Trøndelag as well as parts of the Nordland and Møre og Romsdal counties. ...

Portugal

• Vale do Côa rock carvings, Portugal

Russia

• Petroglyph Park near Petrozavodsk-Lake Onega, Russia

Petrozavodsk (Russian: ; Karelian/Finnish: Petroskoi) is the capital of the Republic of Karelia, Russia, with a population of 266,160 (2002 Census). ... Lake Onega (also known as Onego, Onezhskoe ozero (from Russian, Онежское озеро), and Onezhskoe lake) is a lake in the Russian Federation. ...

Sweden

• Rock carvings in Tanumshede. World Heritage's site, Sweden
• Rock carvings in Norrköping, Sweden

Tanumshede (58. ... Nickname: Area  - City 34. ...

Ukraine

• Kamyana Mohyla, Ukraine
• Stone stelae of the Ukraine

View of Kamyana Mohyla Kamyana Mohyla (Ukrainian: ; Russian: ; literally: stone tomb) is an archaeological site in the Molochna River valley, about a mile from the village of Terpinnya, Zaporizhia Oblast, Ukraine. ... The anthropomorphic stone stelae found in the Ukrainian steppe, with some finds extending the area to Moldavia, the northern Caucasus (Southern Federal District) and the area north of the Caspian (western Kazakhstan), date from the Copper Age (ca. ...

Middle East

• Wadi Rum, Jordan
• Wadi Faynan, Jordan
• "Graffiti Rocks", about 110 km SW of Riyadh off the Mecca highway

Wadi Rum Wadi Rum is a valley cut into the sandstone and granite rock in south west Jordan. ... Riyadh (Arabic: ‎ ar-Riyāḍ) is the capital of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia, located in Ar Riyad Province in the Najd region. ... This article is about the city in Saudi Arabia. ...

Notes

See also

• Cave painting
• Rock art
• Cup and ring mark
• Geoglyph
• History of communication
• Inukshuk
• Megalithic art
• Parietal art
• Petrosomatoglyph
• Petroform
• Rune stone
• Stela

Cave or Rock Paintings are paintings on cave or rock walls and ceilings, usually dating to prehistoric times. ... Rock art is a term in archaeology for any man-made markings made on natural stone. ... Cup and ring marks or cup marks are a form of prehistoric art found in the upland parts British Isles. ... A geoglyph is a drawing on the ground, or a large motif, (generally greater than 4 metres) or design produced on the ground, either by arranging clasts (stones, stone fragments, gravel or earth) to create a positive geoglyph (stone arrangement/alignment, petroform, earth mound) or by removing patinated clasts to... The history of communication dates back to the earliest signs of life. ... An inukshuk on the flag of Nunavut An inukshuk (Inuktitut: inuksuk / ᐃᓄᒃᓱᒃ, plural inuksuit / ᐃᓄᒃᓱᐃᑦ) is a stone landmark used as a milestone or directional marker by the Inuit of the Canadian Arctic. ... Megalithic art refers to the use of large stones as an artistic medium. ... Term used to describe artwork done on cave walls or large blocks of stone. ... This footprint carved into the rock on Dunadd, in Argyll, is linked to the crowning of the Scots kings of Dál Riata. ... Petroforms are large shapes that were made out of large rocks. ... A rune stone in Lund Rune stones are stones with runic inscriptions dating from the early Middle Ages but are found to have been used most prominently during the Viking Age. ... Stele is also a concept in plant biology. ...

Further reading

• Beckensall, Stan and Laurie, Tim, Prehistoric Rock Art of County Durham, Swaledale and Wensleydale, County Durham Books, 1998 ISBN 1-897585-45-4
• Beckensall, Stan, Prehistoric Rock Art in Northumberland, Tempus Publishing, 2001 ISBN 0-7524-1945-5

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Petroglyphs

• Dampier petroglyphs
• Costa Rican city of Guayabo petroglyphs
• Reports of concerns for Australia's heritage
• Petroglyph Provincial Park Official Website
• Northumberland Rock Art
• Debunking of Ogam theory about West Virginia petroglyphs
• A rival interpretation of the West Virginia petroglyphs
• Kyrgyz petroglyphs
• Cholpon-Ata petroglyphs, Kyrgyzstan
• Sarmish-Say petroglyphs
• Giraffe carvings on Dabous Rock, Air Mountains, Niger
• Rock engraving sites in Central Africa
• Shamanism and rock art among the San people of the Kalahari
• Rock Art Research Institute website (Witwatersrand)
• Rock Art Studies: A Bibliographic Database Bancroft Library's 14000+ citations to rock art literature.
• Bradshaw Foundation
• Latin American rock art articles and rock art researchers directory
• Dolmenes y megalitos del mundo
• Menhires del mundo